JP6249895B2 - 電力制御システム、方法及び電力制御装置 - Google Patents
電力制御システム、方法及び電力制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6249895B2 JP6249895B2 JP2014137677A JP2014137677A JP6249895B2 JP 6249895 B2 JP6249895 B2 JP 6249895B2 JP 2014137677 A JP2014137677 A JP 2014137677A JP 2014137677 A JP2014137677 A JP 2014137677A JP 6249895 B2 JP6249895 B2 JP 6249895B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00004—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the power network being locally controlled
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
- H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
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- H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
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- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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Description
図1は、実施の形態1の電力制御システム1の構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。電力制御システム1において、サーバ100は、複数の施設(施設20A、20B、20C)への電力の供給を制御する。サーバ100は、発電所10が供給することができる電力の情報(供給可能電力情報)を受信して、発電所10が供給可能な最大電力を超えないように、系統電力の各施設への供給を制御する。施設20Aは、一般家庭の建屋であり、施設20Bは、ショッピングモールなどの商業施設であり、施設20Cは、工場である。施設によって、電力の需要量が異なる。施設20Aの内部に設置されるブロードバンドルータ600およびHEMSコントローラ700と、施設20Aの外部に設置されるパワーコンディショナ820および蓄電池830は、施設20Bと施設20Cにも設置されている。すなわち、パワーコンディショナ820および蓄電池830等の機器は、サーバ100が管理する複数の施設のそれぞれに設置される。
図2は、サーバ100の構成を示すブロック図である。図2を参照して、サーバ100は、通信部102と、記憶部106と、制御部107とを含む。
図3は、HEMSコントローラ700の構成を示すブロック図である。HEMSコントローラ700は、サーバ100から建屋全体の消費電力の予測データ(消費電力予測データ162)を受信して、受信したデータを、消費電力予測データ741として記憶し、消費電力予測データ741とピーク電力上限設定値742とを参照して、蓄電池830に蓄積させる電力量を決定し、蓄電池830の充電及び放電をパワーコンディショナ820に実行させる。また、HEMSコントローラ700は、サーバ100から、建屋に設定された上限設定値の情報を受信してピーク電力上限設定値742として記憶する。HEMSコントローラ700がピーク電力上限設定値742として記憶する上限設定値は、サーバ100によって逐次更新されており、HEMSコントローラ700は、サーバ100から上限設定値を受信する都度、ピーク電力上限設定値742を更新する。
図4は、サーバ100に記憶される消費電力予測データ162のデータ構造を示す図である。
図9は、実施の形態1のサーバ100が、各施設の上限設定値を設定し、HEMSコントローラ700が、系統から供給される電力がサーバ100により設定される上限設定値を超えないよう、蓄電池830の充放電を制御する処理を示すフローチャートである。図7に示す処理は、例えば、HEMSコントローラ700が、当該処理を実現するための命令を定刻に行うことにより、繰り返し実行される。
以上のように説明した処理を行うことにより、電力制御システム1は、蓄電池830に予め蓄電容量を確保して蓄電させることにより、建屋などの施設に対して系統から供給される電力の上限を、上限設定値までとすることができる。すなわち、施設に供給される電力を、上限設定値に定める大きさに留めることができる。そのため、需要家に供給される電力料金が、ピーク電力の大きさにより定まる基本料金と、電力の使用量に応じて定められる電力量料金とにより構成される場合に、系統から供給される電力のピーク電力を小さくすることができ、需要家の電力料金のうちの基本料金を低減させることができる。すなわち、電力の需要家にとっては、施設に供給されるピーク電力を、上限設定値に定める大きさに留めることができ、ピーク電力をいっそう低くすることで、さらなる電力料金の低減を図ることができる。
次に、別の実施の形態にかかる通知制御システムについて説明する。実施の形態1では、HEMSコントローラ700は、一例として、一日分の消費電力の予測結果に基づき、消費電力の予測値が上限設定値を超える期間の電力量の総和Sp(t)を算出し、算出された電力量の総和Sp(t)(にマージンΔrを加えた電力量)に対応する電力を蓄電池830に確保することとしている。この他に、消費電力の予測データにおいて、消費電力が上限設定値を上回る各時間帯について消費電力の予測値と上限設定値との差分を算出し(電力S1(t)、電力S2(t)、電力S3(t))、消費電力が上限設定値を上回る各時間帯より前に、算出される各電力量に対応する電力を蓄電池830に蓄電させることとしてもよい。
実施の形態2の電力制御システムによると、消費電力が上限設定値を超える時間帯それぞれに先立って、各時間帯で上限設定値を超えて消費される電力に相当する電力を蓄電池830に蓄電させている。すなわち、蓄電池830において、系統から施設へ供給される電力を上限設定値に留めるために蓄電池830に確保する蓄電容量を、各時間帯について確保しているため、蓄電池830で確保する蓄電容量をなるべく小さくすることができ、パワーコンディショナ820の通常運転用に確保する蓄電容量を比較的大きくすることができる。そのため、太陽電池モジュール810の発電量に応じた施設への電力供給および売電等の、パワーコンディショナ820の制御の自由度を高く維持することができる。
上記の実施の形態では、図9で説明したように、サーバ100は、消費電力予測部171により各施設の消費電力の予測データを出力し、HEMSコントローラ700が、充電制御部772および供給制御部773により、消費電力予測データ741に基づいて、系統から施設へ供給される電力の上限の設定を示すピーク電力上限設定値742を超えないように、蓄電池830に蓄積させる電力量の算出と、蓄電池830への蓄電を制御している。この他にも、ステップS703の処理とステップS705の処理は、サーバ100によって行うこととしてもよいし、その他の機器によって行うこととしてもよい。
Claims (5)
- 複数の施設への電力の供給を制御するための電力制御システムであって、
少なくとも1つの前記施設にそれぞれ設置され、電力の供給を受けて充電され、充電された電力を放電することにより、前記設置される前記施設へ電力を供給するための蓄電池と、
前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設の消費電力の時間変化を予測した予測データを記憶するための予測データ記憶手段と、
前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設へ系統から供給される電力の上限設定値を示す上限設定値管理情報を記憶するための設定値記憶手段と、
前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設について、前記予測データに基づいて、系統から当該施設へ供給される電力の前記上限設定値を前記消費電力が上回ると予測される時間帯の、前記上限設定値を超えて消費される電力の合計を算出し、算出された電力量の電力を、前記消費電力が前記上限設定値を上回ると予測される時間帯より前に当該施設の前記蓄電池に充電させる充電制御手段と、
前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設について、前記施設に対し系統から供給される電力の上限を前記上限設定値までとするよう、前記施設の消費電力が前記上限設定値を超える場合に、前記施設の前記蓄電池に充電された電力を当該施設へ供給する供給制御手段と、
前記複数の施設へ供給可能な電力の総量を示す供給可能電力データを逐次取得する供給管理手段と、
前記予測データに基づいて、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の消費電力の最大値を、当該施設の前記上限設定値以下とした場合の前記複数の施設の消費電力の合計が、前記供給可能電力データに示される前記供給可能な電力の総量を上回らないように、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設のそれぞれの前記上限設定値を決定し、決定した前記上限設定値を前記設定値記憶手段に記憶させる設定値管理手段とを含む、電力制御システム。 - 前記設定値管理手段は、前記予測データに基づいて、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の消費電力の最大値を、当該施設の前記上限設定値以下とした場合の前記複数の施設の消費電力の合計が、前記供給可能電力データに示される前記供給可能な電力の総量に均衡するように、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設のそれぞれの前記上限設定値を決定し、決定した前記上限設定値を前記設定値記憶手段に記憶させる、請求項1に記載の電力制御システム。
- 複数の施設への電力の供給を制御するための方法であって、
少なくとも1つの前記施設には、蓄電池が設置され、前記蓄電池は、電力の供給を受けて充電され、充電された電力を放電することにより、前記設置される前記施設へ電力を供給するものであり、
記憶手段は、前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設の消費電力の時間変化を予測した予測データ、および、前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設へ系統から供給される電力の上限設定値を示す上限設定値管理情報を記憶するためのものであり、
前記方法は、
充電制御手段が、前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設について、前記予測データに基づいて、系統から当該施設へ供給される電力の前記上限設定値を前記消費電力が上回ると予測される時間帯の、前記上限設定値を超えて消費される電力の合計を算出し、算出された電力量の電力を、前記消費電力が前記上限設定値を上回ると予測される時間帯より前に当該施設の前記蓄電池に充電させるステップと、
供給制御手段が、前記蓄電池が設置される少なくとも1つの前記施設について、前記施設に対し系統から供給される電力の上限を前記上限設定値までとするよう、前記施設の消費電力が前記上限設定値を超える場合に、前記施設の前記蓄電池に充電された電力を当該施設へ供給させるステップと、
前記複数の施設へ供給可能な電力の総量を示す供給可能電力データを逐次取得するステップと、
前記予測データに基づいて、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の消費電力の最大値を、当該施設の前記上限設定値以下とした場合の前記複数の施設の消費電力の合計が、前記供給可能電力データに示される前記供給可能な電力の総量を上回らないように、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設のそれぞれの前記上限設定値を決定し、決定した前記上限設定値を前記記憶手段に記憶させるステップとを含む、方法。 - 外部の通信機器と通信することにより、施設への電力の供給を制御するための電力制御装置であって、
前記施設には、電力の供給を受けて充電され、充電された電力を放電することにより前記施設へ電力を供給するための蓄電池が設置されており、
前記電力制御装置は、
前記外部の通信機器と通信するための通信手段と、
前記蓄電池への充電を制御する充電制御手段と、
前記施設の消費電力の時間変化を予測した予測データを記憶するための予測データ記憶手段と、
前記施設へ系統から供給される電力の上限設定値を記憶するための設定値記憶手段と、
前記蓄電池から前記施設への電力の供給を制御する供給制御手段とを備え、
前記通信手段は、前記外部の通信機器から前記上限設定値の情報を受信し、受信した前記上限設定値を前記設定値記憶手段に記憶させ、
前記充電制御手段は、前記予測データに基づいて、系統から前記施設へ供給される電力の前記上限設定値を前記消費電力が上回ると予測される時間帯の、前記上限設定値を超えて消費される電力の合計を算出し、算出された電力量の電力を、前記消費電力が前記上限設定値を上回ると予測される時間帯より前に前記蓄電池に蓄電させ、
前記供給制御手段は、前記施設に対し系統から供給される電力の上限を前記上限設定値までとするよう、前記施設の消費電力が前記上限設定値を超える場合に、前記蓄電池に蓄電される電力を前記施設へ供給し、
前記電力制御装置は、
施設を含む複数の施設へ供給可能な電力の総量を示す供給可能電力データを逐次取得する供給管理手段と、
前記予測データに基づいて、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の消費電力の最大値を、当該施設の前記上限設定値以下とした場合の前記複数の施設の消費電力の合計が、前記供給可能電力データに示される前記供給可能な電力の総量を上回らないように、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の前記上限設定値を決定し、決定した前記上限設定値を前記設定値記憶手段に記憶させる設定値管理手段とをさらに備える、電力制御装置。 - 前記設定値管理手段は、前記予測データに基づいて、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の消費電力の最大値を、当該施設の前記上限設定値以下とした場合の前記複数の施設の消費電力の合計が、前記供給可能電力データに示される前記供給可能な電力の総量に均衡するように、前記蓄電池が設置される前記施設の前記上限設定値を決定し、決定した前記上限設定値を前記設定値記憶手段に記憶させる、請求項4に記載の電力制御装置。
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