JP6235470B2 - ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 - Google Patents
ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6235470B2 JP6235470B2 JP2014516087A JP2014516087A JP6235470B2 JP 6235470 B2 JP6235470 B2 JP 6235470B2 JP 2014516087 A JP2014516087 A JP 2014516087A JP 2014516087 A JP2014516087 A JP 2014516087A JP 6235470 B2 JP6235470 B2 JP 6235470B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- alkyl
- diazabicyclo
- anion
- ionic liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- -1 diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000005910 alkyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005228 aryl sulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012609 strong anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1NC2 QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1-dioxo-1,2-benzothiazol-3-olate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C([O-])=NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical group [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005227 alkyl sulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical group OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005911 methyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005490 tosylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 74
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 71
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 39
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 39
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 37
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 37
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000011829 room temperature ionic liquid solvent Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 29
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 14
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OWXMKDGYPWMGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N HEPPS Chemical compound OCCN1CCN(CCCS(O)(=O)=O)CC1 OWXMKDGYPWMGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical class COC(O)=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JNSNZDTWADRPFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-aza-4-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CN2CC[N+]1(C)CC2 JNSNZDTWADRPFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBXNUXBLKRLWFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)CNCCS(O)(=O)=O DBXNUXBLKRLWFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005141 piperazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FTTATHOUSOIFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine Chemical compound C1NCCN2CCCC21 FTTATHOUSOIFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HESZXGSSISDCNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethylimidazol-1-ium-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C([O-])=O HESZXGSSISDCNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJFNRSDCSTVPCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=C2C(N(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 GJFNRSDCSTVPCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-piperazine-1,4-diylbisethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCN1CCN(CCS(O)(=O)=O)CC1 IHPYMWDTONKSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXBLVCZKDOZZOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-Dihydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CC=CS1 OXBLVCZKDOZZOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWKQJZCTQGMHKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=N1 UWKQJZCTQGMHKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVLFYONBTKHTER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCN1CCOCC1 DVLFYONBTKHTER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZQXOGQSPBYUKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[[1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propan-2-yl]azaniumyl]-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)NCC(O)CS(O)(=O)=O RZQXOGQSPBYUKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=N1 GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROPREZGFFWOCRD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-methyl-1-aza-4-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane;hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].C1CN2CC[N+]1(C)CC2 ROPREZGFFWOCRD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007991 ACES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108700016232 Arg(2)-Sar(4)- dermorphin (1-4) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJWWRFATQTVXHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexylaminopropanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCNC1CCCCC1 PJWWRFATQTVXHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007996 HEPPS buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium perchlorate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNLCVAQJIKOXER-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)NCCCS(O)(=O)=O YNLCVAQJIKOXER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007990 PIPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Pyrrolidinium ion Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]C1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000034953 Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OSOVKCSKTAIGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].OOO Chemical compound [Ni].OOO OSOVKCSKTAIGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011830 basic ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(sulfanylidene)iron Chemical compound S=[Fe]=S NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONRPVFOWSLUVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(dimethyl)azanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC[NH+](C)C.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ONRPVFOWSLUVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethylaminium Chemical compound CC[NH3+] QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000339 iron disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007144 microwave assisted synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylethylamine Chemical compound CCN(C)C DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNVRJGIVDSQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-methylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(C)CC GNVRJGIVDSQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000483 nickel oxide hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C07C211/63—Quaternary ammonium compounds having quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C381/00—Compounds containing carbon and sulfur and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C301/00 - C07C337/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C381/00—Compounds containing carbon and sulfur and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C301/00 - C07C337/00
- C07C381/12—Sulfonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing only one pyridine ring
- C07D213/20—Quaternary compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/58—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/64—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. histidine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/88—Nitrogen atoms, e.g. allantoin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/24—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements
- C07D295/037—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements with quaternary ring nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
- C07D327/06—Six-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D453/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids
- C07D453/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids containing not further condensed quinuclidine ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/08—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/08—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
- C07F9/5407—Acyclic saturated phosphonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
- C07F9/5463—Compounds of the type "quasi-phosphonium", e.g. (C)a-P-(Y)b wherein a+b=4, b>=1 and Y=heteroatom, generally N or O
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0014—Alkaline electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0045—Room temperature molten salts comprising at least one organic ion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
しかしながら一部の電流は、以下の式で表されるように、水を電解して、燃料電極において水素を発生(還元)するとともに酸素電極において酸素を発生(酸化)することとなる。
(1) 還元: 2 H2O(l) + 2e- → H2(g) + 2 OH-(aq) 及び
(2) 酸化: 2 H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4 H+(aq) + 4e-
このようにして、さらに水性電解質が電池から失われる。さらに、水素の還元において消費される電子は、燃料酸化物の還元に利用することができない。そのため、水性電解質の寄生電気分解は、二次電池の往復効率を減少させる。
(3) Metal → Metaln+ + (n)e-
金属燃料は、任意の種類とすることができ、電着、吸収、物理的沈殿、若しくは他の方法で提供されて、燃料電極を構成する。燃料は、例えば合金または合金の水素化物を含む任意の金属とすることができる。例えば、燃料は、遷移金属、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、及び他の卑金属を有することができる。遷移金属には、亜鉛、鉄、マグネシウム、及びバナジウムが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。最も一般的なアルカリ金属は、リチウムであるが、他のアルカリ金属を使用することができる。他の金属には、マグネシウム、アルミニウム及びガリウムが含まれるがこれらに限定されない。本明細書で使用する金属燃料という語は、元素金属、酸化物、金属合金、金属水素化物等を含む分子または錯体内に結合された金属を含む任意の燃料について広く言及するものである。燃料電極は、いくつかの実施形態では、電極本体自体として金属電極から形成することができる。
(4) O2 + 2H2O + 4e- → 4OH-
特定の化学システムに応じて、この反応は、可溶性生成物を生成し、または局所的に不溶性の金属−酸化物を構成する。
(6) Zn2+ +O2 +2e- → ZnO2
この機構は、過酸化物反応の過電圧が比較的低い利点がある。また、第1の機構に比べて高い再充電性を有する傾向がある。しかしながら、2電子過酸化物機構は、4電子プロセスに比べて酸素電極におけるエネルギー密度が低くなってしまう。
(7) Mn2+ +O2+2e- → MnO2
この機構のニュアンスは、生成物がアリオバレント金属の還元力により生じた完全に還元されたO2-の種を含んでいることである。この例において、Mn2+は、右側でMn4+の状態となっている。この機構は、アリオバレントカチオンの還元力のために、過電圧が低い利点がある。さらに、アリオバレント金属は、より高効率のセルを製造するのに使用することができる。しかしながら、2電子/4電子の混合機構は、4電子プロセスに比べて電池のエネルギー密度が低くなってしまう。
以下の式IVの化合物は、この反応順序を使用して生成される。
Claims (27)
- 電気化学セル用のイオン液体電解質又はイオン液体添加剤の生成方法であって、
(1) 1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物をジアルキルカーボネートと反応させて1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物のアルキルカーボネート塩を生成し、
(2) アルキルカーボネート塩を硫酸で酸性化し、1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物の硫酸塩を生成し、
(3) 1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物の硫酸塩をアルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタンカチオン及びアニオンを有するイオン液体に変換する
ことを備え、
1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物の硫酸塩の変換は、
(a) 1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物の硫酸塩をナトリウム塩と反応させて、アルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物のカチオン及びナトリウム塩のアニオンを有するイオン液体を生成すること、または、
(b) 1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物の硫酸塩をアニオンを含有する強アニオン交換樹脂に接触させて、アルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物のカチオン及びアニオンを有する、電気化学セル用のイオン液体を生成すること、のいずれかにより行われる、生成方法。 - ジアルキルカーボネートは2つのアルキル基を含んでおり、各アルキル基は同じであるか異なっており、置換または非置換のC1−C20のアルキル、置換又は非置換のアラルキル及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される請求項1の生成方法。
- アルキル基はメチル基である請求項2の生成方法。
- 1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物の硫酸塩とナトリウム塩との反応は、アルコールと水との混合液中で行われる請求項1の生成方法。
- アルコールは、エタノール、エタノールが90%、イソプロパノールが5%及びメタノールが5%の混合物、メタノール、テトラヒドロフラン、及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される請求項4の生成方法。
- アニオン交換樹脂は、樹脂の重量に基づいて、約2.5乃至約30重量%の量のジビニルベンゼン(DVB)ユニットを有する架橋ポリスチレンポリマーであり、樹脂はアニオンを有する請求項1の生成方法。
- アニオンは、ハロフォスフェイト、アルキルホスフェイト、アリールホスフェイト、ニトレート、スルフェート、ビスルフェート、カーボネート、アルキルカーボネート、アルキルスルフェート、アリールスルフェート、ペルフルオリネートアルキル−及びアリールスルフェート、スルフォネート、テトラクロロアルミナート、ヘプタクロロジアルミナート、テトラフルオロボラート、アルキルボラート、アリールボラート、ペルフルオリネートアミド、ジシアナミド、サッカリネート、チオシアネート、カルボキシレート、アセテート、クロライド(Cl-)、ハイドロオキサイド(OH-)、ヨージド、他のハライド、ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド(C2F6NO4S2-)、アセルファム、及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択される請求項6の生成方法。
- アニオンは、ハイドロオキサイドである請求項7の生成方法。
- アニオンは、アルキルカーボネートである請求項7の生成方法。
- アルキルカーボネートは、メチルカーボネートである請求項9の生成方法。
- アルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物カチオンは、1−メチル−1−アザニア−4−アザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタニウムである、請求項8から請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の生成方法。
- 第1の電極と、
第1の電極と離して配置することにより第1の電極との間に間隔を形成するように配置された第2の電極と、
第1の電極と第2の電極との間に設けられたイオン伝導性媒体とを備え、イオン伝導性媒体が第1の電極及び第2の電極の両方に接触し、イオン伝導性媒体はアルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタンのカチオン及びアニオンを有するイオン液体である、電気化学セル。 - 第1の電極は空気電極であり、第2の電極は金属電極である請求項12の電気化学セル。
- アニオンは、ハイドロオキサイドである請求項12の電気化学セル。
- アニオンは、アルキルカーボネートである請求項12の電気化学セル。
- アルキルカーボネートは、メチルカーボネートである請求項15の電気化学セル。
- アルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物カチオンは、1−メチル−1−アザニア−4−アザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタニウムである、請求項14から請求項16のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学セル。
- 第1の電極は空気電極であり、第2の電極は金属電極である請求項17の電気化学セル。
- 第1の電極と、
第1の電極と離して配置することにより第1の電極との間に間隔を形成するように配置された第2の電極と、
第1の電極と第2の電極との間に設けられ、第1の電極及び第2の電極の両方に接触する水性のアルカリ電解質と、
アルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタンのカチオン及びアニオンを有する添加剤と、を備えた電気化学セル。 - アルカリ性電解質は、水酸化カリウムである請求項19の電気化学セル。
- アニオンは、ハイドロオキサイドである請求項19の電気化学セル。
- アニオンは、アルキルカーボネートである請求項19の電気化学セル。
- アルキルカーボネートは、メチルカーボネートである請求項22の電気化学セル。
- アルキル−1,4,ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン化合物カチオンは、1−メチル−1−アザニア−4−アザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタニウムである、請求項20から請求項23のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学セル。
- 第1の電極は空気電極であり、第2の電極は金属電極である請求項24の電気化学セル。
- ハロフォスフェイトがヘキサフルオロホスフェイトであり、
スルフォネートがアルキルスルホネート、アリールスルホネート、ペルフルオリネートアルキル−及びアリールスルホネート、及びペルクロラートから成る群より選択され、
ペルフルオリネートアミドがビス(ペルフルオロアルキルスルホニル)アミドであり、
アセテートがトリフルオロアセテートである、
請求項7の生成方法。 - アリールスルホネートがトシラートまたはメタンスルホネートであり、ペルフルオリネートアルキルスルホネートがトリフルオロメチルスルホネートである、請求項26の生成方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161498308P | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | |
US61/498,308 | 2011-06-17 | ||
US201161569159P | 2011-12-09 | 2011-12-09 | |
US61/569,159 | 2011-12-09 | ||
PCT/US2012/043013 WO2012174564A1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-06-18 | Synthesis of hetero ionic compounds using dialkylcarbonate quaternization |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017080672A Division JP2017160227A (ja) | 2011-06-17 | 2017-04-14 | ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014523879A JP2014523879A (ja) | 2014-09-18 |
JP6235470B2 true JP6235470B2 (ja) | 2017-11-22 |
Family
ID=47357532
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014516087A Expired - Fee Related JP6235470B2 (ja) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-06-18 | ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 |
JP2017080672A Pending JP2017160227A (ja) | 2011-06-17 | 2017-04-14 | ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017080672A Pending JP2017160227A (ja) | 2011-06-17 | 2017-04-14 | ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (3) | EP2721037B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6235470B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN108456206A (ja) |
AU (3) | AU2012271279B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112013029881A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2835225A1 (ja) |
DK (2) | DK3336962T3 (ja) |
ES (3) | ES2715208T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX357912B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012174564A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201308403B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103534867B (zh) | 2011-06-17 | 2017-04-12 | 流体公司 | 含有磺酸根离子的离子液体 |
US20140173781A1 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-19 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Methods and compositions for producing and selecting transgenic wheat plants |
US9272995B2 (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2016-03-01 | Coorstek Fluorochemicals, Inc. | Process for producing ionic liquids |
CN105209666B (zh) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-11-10 | 流体公司 | 用于具有电沉积燃料的电化学电池的协同性添加剂 |
CA2905943A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-10-02 | Fluidic, Inc. | Hetero-ionic aromatic additives for electrochemical cells comprising a metal fuel |
KR102161266B1 (ko) | 2013-08-30 | 2020-09-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
US9666916B2 (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2017-05-30 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Biphase electrolyte for a metal-air battery |
EP3218955A1 (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-09-20 | BASF Corporation | Electrolytes and metal hydride batteries |
CN108689891B (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-07-30 | 广州市润研基因科技有限公司 | 一种季铵盐的合成方法 |
AR116635A1 (es) * | 2018-10-15 | 2021-05-26 | Servier Lab | Proceso para la síntesis de derivados de piperazinil-etoxi-bromofenilo y su aplicación en la producción de compuestos que los contienen |
US11424484B2 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2022-08-23 | Octet Scientific, Inc. | Zinc battery electrolyte additive |
CN111303021B (zh) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-10-29 | 珠海中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | 一种磺胺类胆碱离子液体及其制备方法与应用 |
CN112751107A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种铝空气电池电解液及其制备方法 |
CN113991201B (zh) * | 2021-10-27 | 2024-01-30 | 远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司 | 气体吸附隔膜、其制备方法及锂离子电池 |
JPWO2023090143A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-25 | ||
CN114560863A (zh) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-31 | 青岛科技大学 | 三乙烯二胺季铵盐、三乙烯二胺季铵碱的制备方法及应用 |
CN118073652B (zh) * | 2024-04-18 | 2024-06-28 | 浙江钠创新能源有限公司 | 钠离子电池电解液及钠离子二次电池 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4892944A (en) | 1987-05-13 | 1990-01-09 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Process for producing quaternary salts |
JP3724845B2 (ja) | 1995-06-09 | 2005-12-07 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両のアンチロックブレーキ制御方法 |
US5827602A (en) | 1995-06-30 | 1998-10-27 | Covalent Associates Incorporated | Hydrophobic ionic liquids |
US6521378B2 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 2003-02-18 | Duracell Inc. | Electrode having multi-modal distribution of zinc-based particles |
JP2001167790A (ja) * | 1999-12-09 | 2001-06-22 | Tonen Chem Corp | 非水電解液および該電解液を含む非水電解液電池 |
US6586632B2 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2003-07-01 | Cognis Corporation | Preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds |
DE10241555A1 (de) * | 2002-09-07 | 2004-03-18 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen in der Flüssigphase in Gegenwart eines Katalysators und eines 1,3-substituierten Imidazoliumsalzes |
ATE542259T1 (de) * | 2003-07-01 | 2012-02-15 | Otsuka Chemical Co Ltd | Quaternäres ammoniumsalz, elektrolyt und elektrochemische vorrichtung |
US8075803B2 (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2011-12-13 | Roland Kalb | Method for producing ionic liquids, ionic solids or mixtures thereof |
DE102004003958A1 (de) * | 2004-01-26 | 2005-08-11 | Basf Ag | Herstellungsmethode für ionische Flüssigkeiten |
CN1946674B (zh) * | 2004-03-26 | 2010-09-01 | 雅宝公司 | 用于合成季铵化合物及其组合物的方法 |
GB0500028D0 (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2005-02-09 | Univ Belfast | Base stable ionic liquids |
US20070048605A1 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-01 | Pez Guido P | Stable electrolyte counteranions for electrochemical devices |
WO2008013095A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-31 | Nichicon Corporation | Composé ionique |
WO2009040242A1 (de) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-04-02 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von imidazoliumsalzen |
CN101372457A (zh) * | 2008-10-29 | 2009-02-25 | 北京工商大学 | 一种烷基三甲基季铵盐的制备方法 |
CN102742069B (zh) * | 2009-05-11 | 2015-11-25 | 亚利桑那董事会代表亚利桑那大学 | 金属-空气低温离子液体电池 |
EP2460221A1 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-06-06 | ReVolt Technology Ltd | Metal-air battery with improved environmental stability |
WO2011049184A1 (ja) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-04-28 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 蓄電デバイスおよびこれに用いる電解液 |
-
2012
- 2012-06-18 JP JP2014516087A patent/JP6235470B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-18 ES ES18155977T patent/ES2715208T3/es active Active
- 2012-06-18 EP EP12731837.6A patent/EP2721037B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-06-18 BR BR112013029881A patent/BR112013029881A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-06-18 EP EP18155977.4A patent/EP3336962B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-06-18 MX MX2013014080A patent/MX357912B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2012-06-18 ES ES12731837T patent/ES2702493T3/es active Active
- 2012-06-18 EP EP18197487.4A patent/EP3444252B1/en active Active
- 2012-06-18 AU AU2012271279A patent/AU2012271279B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-06-18 ES ES18197487T patent/ES2749910T3/es active Active
- 2012-06-18 WO PCT/US2012/043013 patent/WO2012174564A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-06-18 DK DK18155977.4T patent/DK3336962T3/en active
- 2012-06-18 CN CN201611177729.1A patent/CN108456206A/zh active Pending
- 2012-06-18 CN CN201280024726.8A patent/CN103547584B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-06-18 DK DK18197487.4T patent/DK3444252T3/da active
- 2012-06-18 CA CA2835225A patent/CA2835225A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2013
- 2013-11-07 ZA ZA2013/08403A patent/ZA201308403B/en unknown
-
2016
- 2016-10-11 AU AU2016244185A patent/AU2016244185B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-12-02 AU AU2016266096A patent/AU2016266096B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-04-14 JP JP2017080672A patent/JP2017160227A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3336962A1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
AU2016244185A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
EP3444252A1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
ES2749910T3 (es) | 2020-03-24 |
CN103547584A (zh) | 2014-01-29 |
AU2016266096A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
ES2702493T3 (es) | 2019-03-01 |
DK3444252T3 (da) | 2019-10-07 |
JP2017160227A (ja) | 2017-09-14 |
CN103547584B (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
AU2016266096B2 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
MX2013014080A (es) | 2014-03-21 |
CN108456206A (zh) | 2018-08-28 |
AU2012271279A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
BR112013029881A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
AU2016244185B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
EP3336962B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
CA2835225A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
MX357912B (es) | 2018-07-30 |
ZA201308403B (en) | 2015-03-25 |
EP2721037B1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
DK3336962T3 (en) | 2019-04-01 |
JP2014523879A (ja) | 2014-09-18 |
EP3444252B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
AU2012271279B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
WO2012174564A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
ES2715208T3 (es) | 2019-06-03 |
EP2721037A1 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6235470B2 (ja) | ジアルキルカーボネートの四級化を利用するヘテロイオン化合物の合成 | |
US9935319B2 (en) | Synthesis of hetero ionic compounds using dialkylcarbonate quaternization | |
JP6113153B2 (ja) | イオン交換材料を有する金属−空気セル | |
EP2583348B1 (en) | Metal-air cell with tuned hydrophobicity |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20150309 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20160129 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20160209 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20160509 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20160711 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20160808 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20170118 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170414 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20171003 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20171026 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6235470 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |