JP6219812B2 - 架橋フッ素化ポリマーを製造する方法 - Google Patents
架橋フッ素化ポリマーを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6219812B2 JP6219812B2 JP2014503123A JP2014503123A JP6219812B2 JP 6219812 B2 JP6219812 B2 JP 6219812B2 JP 2014503123 A JP2014503123 A JP 2014503123A JP 2014503123 A JP2014503123 A JP 2014503123A JP 6219812 B2 JP6219812 B2 JP 6219812B2
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- fluorinated polymer
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- fluorinated
- polymer
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- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004040 pyrrolidinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007763 reverse roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical compound NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
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- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
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- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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Description
a)少なくとも1つの−SO3M官能基(Mがそれぞれ、Hおよびアルカリ性金属からなる群から選択される)を含むフッ素化ポリマー(P)を提供する工程であって、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)が、ポリマー中の−SO3M官能基と−SO2F官能基の総数に対して−SO2F官能基を2%未満含有する工程と、
b)前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)を少なくとも1種類の式R(X)nの架橋剤(XL)(式中、Rは、結合、O、S、Nから選択されるか、またはRは、任意に置換および/またはフッ素化されており、任意にヘテロ原子(O、S、N)を含む芳香族または脂肪族基、直鎖状、環状、分岐状であり;nは整数≧2であり;Xは、−NH2、−NHRa(Ra=C1〜C20アルキル)、−Si(Rb)3(Rb=C1〜C5アルキル)、−OH、−SO2W(W=OH、F、Cl、Br、Iである)からなる群から選択される官能基である)と反応させる工程と
を含む、スルホン酸官能基を含む架橋フッ素化ポリマー(XLP)を製造する方法であって、
前記反応が、フッ素化ポリマー(P)の少なくとも1つの官能基−SO3Mと、架橋剤(XL)中の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとの間の共有結合の形成を促進する条件下にて行われる、方法である。
式:CF2=CF(CF2)pSO2Fのフッ化スルホニルフルオロオレフィン(式中、pは、0〜10、好ましくは1〜6の整数であり、さらに好ましくはpは、2または3に等しい);
式:CF2=CF−O−(CF2)mSO2Fのフッ化スルホニルフルオロビニルエーテル(式中、mは、1〜10、好ましくは1〜6、さらに好ましくは2〜4の整数であり、またさらに好ましくはmは2に等しい);
式:CF2=CF−(OCF2CF(RF1))w−O−CF2(CF(RF2))ySO2Fのフッ化スルホニルフルオロアルコキシビニルエーテル(式中、wは0〜2の整数であり、互いに等しい、または異なるRF1およびRF2は独立して、F、Cl、または1つまたは2つ以上のエーテル酸素で任意に置換されているC1〜C10フルオロアルキル基であり、yは0〜6の整数であり;好ましくはwは1であり、RF1は−CF3であり、yは1であり、RF2はFである);
式:CF2=CF−Ar−SO2Fのフッ化スルホニル芳香族フルオロオレフィン(式中、ArはC5〜C15芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族置換基である);である。
テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、ペンタフルオロプロピレン、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン(HFP)、およびヘキサフルオロイソブチレンなどのC2〜C8フルオロオレフィン;
フッ化ビニリデン(VDF);
クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CTFE)およびブロモトリフルオロエチレンなどのC2〜C8クロロ−および/またはブロモ−および/またはヨード−フルオロオレフィン;
式CF2=CFORf1のフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル(式中、Rf1は、C1〜C6フルオロアルキル、例えば−CF3、−C2F5、−C3F7である);
式CF2=CFORO1のフルオロ−オキシアルキルビニルエーテル(式中、RO1は、1つまたは複数のエーテル基を有するC1〜C12フルオロ−オキシアルキル、例えばパーフルオロ−2−プロポキシ−プロピルである);
式CF2=CFOCF2ORf2のフルオロアルキル−メトキシ−ビニルエーテル(式中、Rf2は、C1〜C6フルオロアルキル、例えば−CF3、−C2F5、−C3F7、または−C2F5−O−CF3など、1つまたは複数のエーテル基を有するC1〜C6フルオロオキシアルキルである);
式:
C3〜C8フルオロオレフィン、好ましくはテトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)および/またはヘキサフルオロプロピレン(HFP);
クロロ−および/またはブロモ−および/またはヨード−C2〜C6(パー)フルオロオレフィン、例えばクロロトリフルオロエチレン(CTFE)および/またはブロモトリフルオロエチレン;
式CF2=CFORf1のフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル(式中、Rf1は、C1〜C6フルオロアルキル、例えば−CF3、−C2F5、−C3F7である);
式CF2=CFORO1のフルオロ−オキシアルキルビニルエーテル(式中、RO1は、1つまたは複数のエーテル基を有するC1〜C12フルオロオキシアルキル、例えばパーフルオロ−2−プロポキシ−プロピルである);の中から選択される。
a)フッ素化ポリマー(P)を提供する工程と、
c)フッ素化ポリマー(P)と式R(X)nの少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)とを含む液体組成物を調製する工程と、
b)フッ素化ポリマー(P)の少なくとも1つの官能基−SO3Mと架橋剤(XL)の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとの共有結合の形成を促進する条件下で、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)を少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)と反応させる工程と
を含む。
a)フッ素化ポリマー(P)を提供する工程と、
c)フッ素化ポリマー(P)と少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)とを含む液体組成物を調製する工程と、
d)工程c)で得られた液体組成物を基材上に塗布する工程と、
b)フッ素化ポリマー(P)の少なくとも1つの官能基−SO3Mと架橋剤(XL)の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとの共有結合の形成を促進する条件下で、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)を少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)と反応させる工程と
を含む。
a)フッ素化ポリマー(P)を提供する工程と、
c’)フッ素化ポリマー(P)を含むフィルムを製造する工程と、
b)フッ素化ポリマー(P)の少なくとも1つの官能基−SO3Mと架橋剤(XL)の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとの共有結合の形成を促進する条件下で、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)を少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)と反応させる工程と
を含む。
a)フッ素化ポリマー(P)を提供する工程と、
c’)フッ素化ポリマー(P)を含むフィルムを製造する工程と、
d’)少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)を含む液体組成物と前記フィルムを接触させる工程と、
b)フッ素化ポリマー(P)の少なくとも1つの官能基−SO3Mと架橋剤(XL)の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとの共有結合の形成を促進する条件下で、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)を少なくとも1つの架橋剤(XL)と反応させる工程と
を含む。
多孔質支持体(上記に詳述される)と、
支持体上に含浸された、上記で定義される架橋フッ素化ポリマー(XLP)と
を含む。
22Lオートクレーブに、以下の試薬:
脱イオン水11.5L;
式:CF2=CF−O−CF2CF2−SO2Fのモノマー980g;
CF2ClO(CF2CF(CF3)O)n(CF2O)mCF2COOKの5重量%水溶液3100g(平均分子量=521,n/m比=10);
を装入した
80℃で8時間、金属容器内のフッ素ガスと接触させ、次いで窒素で数時間パージする;
KOH溶液(10重量%)に80℃で8時間浸漬し、−SO2F官能基を−SO3K官能基へと変換し、続いて室温にて脱イオン水中で洗浄する;
HNO3溶液(20重量%)に室温で2時間浸漬し、続いて室温にて脱イオン水中で洗浄する。
以下に詳述されるように、実施例1の液体組成物に架橋剤を添加した。各液体組成物は、フッ素化ポリマー(P1)に存在する−SO3H基の4モル%に相当する量の架橋剤を含有し、前記量は、架橋剤中の官能基すべてがフッ素化ポリマーの−SO3H基と反応するとみなして計算される。以下の架橋剤を使用した:
実施例2:トリス(2−アミノエチル)アミン[架橋剤A];
実施例3:1,4−ジアミノベンゼン[架橋剤B];
実施例4:4−アミノベンゼンスルホン酸[架橋剤C];
実施例5:メラミン[架橋剤D]。
n−プロピルアルコールとイソプロピルアルコールの1:1(容積)混合物で、実施例1〜5の液体組成物を希釈して、ポリマー濃度10重量%を得た。
作用面積25cm2を有する単一セル(Fuel Cell Technology(登録商標))に膜M1〜M5を組み立て、Arbin(登録商標)50W試験スタンドで試験した。E−TEK(登録商標)LT250EWガス拡散電極(0.5mg/cm2 Pt)と膜を組み立てた。
反応物化学量論:空気2.8−H2 3.4(純粋なH2 5.5グレード)
反応物湿度レベル:100%
セル温度:75℃
動作圧力:2.5バール(絶対圧力)。
陽極側フロー:純粋H2 500sccm,露点64℃,1バール(絶対圧力)
陰極側フロー:純粋O2 500sccm,露点64℃,1バール(絶対圧力)
セル温度:90℃
開放電圧条件(=電流ゼロアンペア)。
Claims (15)
- スルホン酸官能基を含む架橋フッ素化ポリマー(XLP)を製造する方法であって、
a)少なくとも1つの−SO3M官能基を含む少なくとも1つのフッ素化ポリマー(P)を提供する工程であって、Mがそれぞれ、Hおよびアルカリ金属からなる群から選択され、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)が、−SO3M官能基と−SO2F官能基の総数に対して−SO2F官能基を2%未満含有する工程と、
b)式R(X)n(式中、Rは、結合、O、S、Nから選択されるか、またはRは、任意に置換および/またはフッ素化されており、任意にヘテロ原子を含む芳香族または脂肪族基、直鎖状、環状、分岐状であり;nは整数≧2であり;Xは、−NH2、−NHRa(Ra=C1〜C20アルキル)、−Si(Rb)3(Rb=C1〜C5アルキル)、−OH、−SO2W(W=OH、F、Cl、Br、I)からなる群から選択される官能基である)の少なくとも1種類の架橋剤(XL)と、前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)を反応させる工程と
を含み、前記反応が、フッ素化ポリマー(P)の少なくとも1つの官能基−SO3Mと、架橋剤(XL)の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとの共有結合の形成を促進する条件下にて行われる、方法。 - フッ素化ポリマー(P)が、−SO3M官能基と−SO2F官能基の総数に対して−SO2F官能基を0.1%未満含有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- c)前記フッ素化ポリマー(P)および前記架橋剤(XL)を含む液体組成物を調製する工程と、d)工程c)で調製された液体組成物を基材上に塗布する工程とをさらに含む方法であって、前記工程c)およびd)が工程b)の前に行われる、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記液体組成物が、不活性な非多孔質支持体上に塗膜形成層で塗布され、工程b)の後に、前記支持体から除去され、前記架橋フッ素化ポリマー(XLP)からなる物品が提供される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記液体組成物が多孔質支持体上に塗布される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 架橋剤(XL)の少なくとも1つの官能基Xとフッ素化ポリマー(P)における前記少なくとも1つの−SO3M官能基との共有結合の形成が、加熱によって促進される、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 共有結合の前記形成が、少なくとも150℃の温度で加熱することによって促進される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 架橋剤(XL)の量が、官能基Xの総数がフッ素化ポリマー(P)の前記−SO3M官能基の総数の少なくとも0.1%かつ20%未満であるような量である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 官能基Xが、−NH2、−NHRaおよび−SO2Wから選択される、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 架橋剤(XL)が、メラミン、1,3−ジアミノベンゼン;1,4−ジアミノベンゼン;4−アミノベンゼンスルホン酸;ビス(2−アミノエチル)アミン;トリス(2−アミノエチル)アミンからなる群から選択される、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 液体媒体と、前記液体媒体中に分散または溶解された少なくとも1種類のフッ素化ポリマー(P)と、少なくとも1種類の架橋剤(XL)とを含む液体組成物であって、
前記少なくとも1種類のフッ素化ポリマー(P)は、少なくとも1つの−SO3M官能基を含み、Mがそれぞれ、Hおよびアルカリ金属からなる群から選択され、前記少なくとも1種類のフッ素化ポリマー(P)が、−SO3M官能基と−SO2F官能基の総数に対して−SO2F官能基を2%未満含有し、
前記少なくとも1種類の架橋剤(XL)は、式R(X)n(式中、Rは、結合、O、S、Nから選択されるか、またはRは、任意に置換および/またはフッ素化されており、任意にヘテロ原子を含む芳香族または脂肪族基、直鎖状、環状、分岐状であり;nは整数≧2であり;Xは、−NH2、−NHRa(Ra=C1〜C20アルキル)、−Si(Rb)3(Rb=C1〜C5アルキル)、−OH、−SO2W(W=OH、F、Cl、Br、I)からなる群から選択される官能基である)を有する、組成物。 - 請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法から得られる架橋フッ素化ポリマー(XLP)を含む物品を製造する方法であって、前記ポリマー(XLP)が、−R−部位ならびに官能基−SO3Mと官能基Xとの反応から誘導される部位を含む共有結合性架橋を含む、方法。
- 前記物品が、生地、繊維、フィルム、または膜である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記物品が、多孔質支持体と、前記多孔質支持体に含浸された架橋フッ素化ポリマー(XLP)とを含む膜である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記物品が、燃料電池または濾過装置である、請求項12に記載の方法。
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