JP6083894B2 - Strain-removed compacted material, manufacturing apparatus thereof, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an oil palm compacted material obtained from oil palm (oil palm), which is a kind of palm, a manufacturing apparatus thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof. In particular, oil palm strain-removed compacted material from which distortion such as twisting and distortion of the oil-palm consolidated material is removed, and its manufacturing apparatus, and its manufacturing method, building materials such as flooring and wall materials of houses, partition materials, and furniture. It can be used for materials, ships including boats, other indoor / outdoor decks and playground equipment, exterior and interior of vehicle body bodies.
In general, “board” is described as “thin timber thin and flat” or “thin metal or stone thin and flat” according to Kojien, but here, oil palm is made of wood. Although it does not have properties, it has properties close to bamboo, but in oil palm, “thin and flat” is called “plate”. Moreover, since there is no term which calls the material of an oil palm in detail, it shall treat like the wood. In addition, since the boundary line between the “plate” and the “pillar” is not clear, they are used without distinction.

  In general, an oil palm tree consists of a single trunk and reaches a height of 10 to 20 m or more. The leaves are wing-shaped and about 3-5 m long, about 30 young trees a year, and about 20 new trees grow over 10 years old. The flower is composed of 3 petals and 3 cocoons, each of which forms a small but dense group, and it takes about 6 months from fruiting until the fruit ripens. The fruit consists of a fleshy flesh (medium peel) with a lot of oil and one seed that is also rich in oil, and the weight of the fruit is about 40-50 kg per bunch.

  It has been cultivated in plantations in Southeast Asia since the latter half of the 19th century. Palm oil, a vegetable oil that can be extracted from oil palm, is more productive and cheaper than other vegetable oils such as soybeans and rapeseed. Therefore, it is used for foods such as margarine and oil for fried foods. It is also widely used in soaps and cosmetics. In recent years, palm oil has been exported from Southeast Asia such as Malaysia and Indonesia to Japan. Therefore, oil palm sometimes refers to the meaning of fats and oils that can be taken from the pulp and seeds and the trunk of the oil palm itself.

In general, oil palm is a collective term for plants classified into the genus Palmae, and is famous for two types: Elaeis guineensis, native to West Africa, and Elaeis oleifera, native to Latin America. Among the cultivars, there is a hybrid of Guinea oil palm and American oil palm. In particular, oil palm (oil palm), which is a kind of palm used as a raw material for vegetable oils and fats, may be referred to as “oil palm”.
In other words, oil palm can take fats and oils from pulp and seeds, and the amount of oils and fats obtained per unit area is outstanding compared to other plants, so it is a large-scale commercial crop mainly in Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia. Since plantation farming is being carried out, it may be becoming more prominent to call the oil and fat “oil palm”.
However, in the present invention, it does not mean the oil palm of fats and oils that can be taken from the pulp and seeds, but the trunk of the oil palm itself or the whole plant is called oil palm.

  Patent applications dealing with this oil palm include those disclosed in Patent Document 1 (invention dealing with empty fruit bunch). In patent document 1, the manufacturing method of the building material using oil palm is disclosed. Specifically, after the palm fiber is washed, it is dried so that the dry oil becomes 95%, and the dried palm fiber is broken and cut in units of 1 to 1.5 cm to produce a palm fiber chip. Pulverizing the dried palm fiber with a particle size of 200 mesh, pulverizing bamboo with a particle size of 200 mesh, the palm fiber chip, the palm fiber powder, the bamboo powder, and the bioceramic powder Are prepared in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1 to produce a main raw material, a step of extracting fly ash having a particle size of 200 mesh from coal carbide, a flame inhibitor and a heat resistant resin. A step of producing a binder by mixing and melting a flame retardant resin for curing at a ratio of 1: 1, 20 to 30% by weight of the produced binder, 50 to 60% by weight of the mixed main raw material, and 20 to 20% fly ash A step of mixing 5% by weight of powder and kneading in a high liquid state, a step of passing the bend through a molding part that radiates a temperature of 150 to 200 ° C. and baking it first, and a large number of the baked moldings Rolling the sheet with a gradually reduced thickness by passing between the rolling parts arranged so that the distance between the upper roller group and the lower roller group gradually decreases toward the rear side, and a large number of the molded products. The process of freezing at 0-4 degreeC, passing the cooling part which consists of the upper roller group and lower roller group of, and the process of cut | disconnecting the said molded object by a fixed length unit with the blade raised / lowered by a cutting cylinder It consists of

  In this patent document 1, not only is it harmless to the human body by using palm fiber as the main raw material, but the palm fiber is cut with 1 to 1.5 cm and used together with palm fiber powder. It becomes a solid building material by acting as a temporary bridge with other contents, and antibacterial and deodorizing functions can be realized by bamboo and bioceramics. Further, generation of far infrared rays and anions can be expected without generating mold. And nonflammable waste material can be recycled and manufacturing cost becomes cheap. Furthermore, since no toxic gas is generated from all the compositions, it is said to be highly safe as a building material.

Further, in Patent Document 2 (invention dealing with empty fruit bunches), the plate-like body or molded body is made by attaching a resin having rubber-like elasticity to the oil palm fibers obtained by defibrating the empty fruit bunches of oil palm. A plate-like body or a molded body obtained by compression molding.
Therefore, the oil palm fiber obtained by defibrating the empty fruit bunch of oil palm has a fiber repellent property because, for example, palm oil adheres to the fiber surface compared to other palm fibers such as coconut palm fiber. The aqueous solution is excellent, and the amount of cellulose and lignin contained in the fiber is relatively large, so that the water resistance is excellent. In addition, the oil palm fiber has a high fiber strength, a large fiber diameter, and a long fiber length as compared with other palm fibers such as a coconut fiber, and therefore has excellent dimensional stability. In addition, since the oil palm fiber has large irregularities on the surface and high bending strength, and the entanglement between the fibers is large, the dimensional stability is also enhanced by this. Therefore, this plate-shaped body or molded body has excellent dimensional stability during water absorption and moisture absorption.
And since the irregularities on the surface of the oil palm fiber are large, the resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity penetrates into the voids on the surface of the oil palm fiber and solidifies or hardens, which acts like a nail or wedge, so-called anchor effect. Therefore, the oil palm fiber is strongly bonded to the resin having rubber-like elasticity. This is also considered to contribute to the improvement of dimensional stability at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption.

The oil palm fiber is superior in elasticity recovery properties, for example, because the fiber has a large rigidity and strength, a large fiber diameter, and a long fiber length, compared to other palm fibers such as coconut fiber. Yes. Further, the oil palm fiber has high fiber bending strength and large entanglement between the fibers, so that the elastic recovery is improved. And the resin which shows rubber-like elasticity has high elastic recovery property. Therefore, a plate-like body or molded body in which oil palm fibers are connected by a resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity exhibits excellent elastic recovery, good walking feeling and cushioning properties, and good sound insulation.
Since this plate-like body or molded body uses oil palm fiber, less labor is required for defibration, etc., compared to other types of palm fiber, so that manufacturing costs and energy can be reduced, and the product is inexpensive. Become. For example, coconut fiber is immersed in water for a long period of time to soften the coconut shell, and then requires a great deal of energy for a long period of time to be mechanically fibrillated. On the other hand, since oil palm defibrates empty fruit bunches that are originally in the form of fibers, there is no need for immersion in water, and very little energy is required for defibration. In addition, oil palm fibers have less dusting properties than coconut fibers, and the working environment can be prevented from deteriorating in handling.
Furthermore, since a large gap is formed between the fibers of the oil palm fiber, when a resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity is supplied by spraying or dipping, the resin adheres evenly to all the fibers through the gap, and the strength distribution is A plate state of being uniform is obtained.

And in patent document 3 (invention of an oil palm trunk), the technique of the plywood which made the adhesive penetrate | infiltrate the fiber exposed on the surface of the several single board bonded together with the adhesive agent is disclosed.
The palm plywood according to Patent Document 3 includes a plurality of single plates bonded with a resin adhesive, and at least one of the plurality of single plates is a palm single plate, and the palm single plate A resin adhesive is infiltrated into the palm fiber exposed on the surface. By using a palm veneer that can be manufactured from a palm trunk of inexpensive waste material, the surface is treated with a resin adhesive without using a veneer veneer with relatively good quality as a face and a back. Therefore, plywood is manufactured at low cost.
Moreover, the palm plywood of patent document 3 uses all the single veneers as palm veneers, uses only palm veneers that can be manufactured from palm trunks of inexpensive waste materials, and bonds them together with a resin adhesive. Also good. The resin adhesive permeated into the palm fiber at this time is the same type as the resin adhesive that bonds a plurality of single plates. Since the resin adhesive is the same system, the plywood can be manufactured at low cost. Here, the term “same system” includes the same resin adhesive and a composition whose composition (for example, composition ratio) is changed.

And the palm plywood of patent document 3 makes the palm fiber penetrate | infiltrate a resin adhesive after grind | polishing the surface which makes a palm fiber osmose | permeate a resin adhesive, reduces the palm fiber which protrudes from the plywood surface, and resin to palm fiber. The adhesive is permeated. This plywood manufacturing method includes a step of bonding a plurality of veneers with an adhesive, a step of polishing a surface of the plurality of veneers that allows the adhesive to penetrate into exposed fibers, and a polished surface. Applying adhesive to infiltrate the adhesive into the fiber and drying the adhesive, which makes it possible to use a relatively good quality wood veneer as a face and back without using it Plywood can be manufactured at cost.
Thus, according to Patent Document 3, a plywood, a palm plywood, and a plywood manufacturing method that can be manufactured at a low cost without using a single veneer of a relatively good quality tree as a face and a back are disclosed. Yes.

JP 2009-166342 A JP-A-10-8696 JP 2011-68015 A

As described above, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 both use oil palm fibers obtained by defibrating empty fruit bunches of oil palm fruits, and do not directly use oil palm trunks. Absent. However, the trunk of the oil palm is 20 m or more in mature wood, and its utilization is desired because it is a volume ratio occupying 90 to 95% of the whole.
Especially in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, oil palm is cultivated for the production of palm oil, but the empty fruit bunch after palm oil collection contains a lot of fiber etc. Is used in various applications such as fiber boards. However, palm trunks that are harvested every year are not used effectively and are currently being disposed of.
Patent Document 3 discloses a process in which at least one outermost single plate is bonded to a palm single plate with a plurality of resin adhesives, and the surface of the palm single plate is a resin adhesive on the exposed palm fibers. Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a plywood, comprising: a step of polishing a surface that impregnates a surface; a step of applying a resin adhesive to the polished surface to infiltrate the resin adhesive into palm fibers; and a step of drying the resin adhesive. ing. However, it is unclear how to apply the resin adhesive to the oil palm veneer or to penetrate the exposed palm fiber, and a specific method for manufacturing plywood Is unknown. At least, it is premised on the use of a resin adhesive in which a single plate of oil palm is bonded with a plurality of resin adhesives.

Therefore, the technology of Patent Document 3 is generally called plywood, lauan plywood called veneer material, Chinese plywood with a surface of the lauan plywood and a Chinese plywood finished. Is the same. However, laminating a palm single plate with a plurality of resin adhesives has a sponge-like softness, and its use is limited.
In addition, it has become clear in recent years that not only those in which the vascular bundle is formed in parallel with the oil palm trunk but also those that extend upward while spirally wound around the oil palm trunk have been revealed. The vascular bundle extending upward while being spirally wound around the oil palm trunk has a low density near the center of the oil palm trunk, and a high density near the outer periphery of the oil palm trunk. Of course, the vascular bundle is not limited to the vascular bundle extending upward while being wound spirally around the oil palm trunk, and the vascular bundle has a higher density of peripheral vascular bundles than the vicinity of the center of the oil palm trunk.

  The vascular bundle that extends upward while spirally winding around the oil palm trunk is cut at least on the central axis side of the oil palm trunk when the oil palm material is cut out from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length. The end of the tube bundle appears. On the outer circumference of the vascular bundle, a very hard silica crystal having a size of about 10 to 30 μm adheres tightly like a barnacle, and the end of the silica crystal has many sharp protrusions. In particular, sharp protrusions appear to be in a state where the “camenote” is open, so there is a risk that even hard objects will be damaged. Therefore, the applicant of the present application has invented an oil palm compacted material in which the end portion of the vascular bundle does not come out on the exposed surface, a manufacturing apparatus thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof.

  The oil palm material cut out with a predetermined width, thickness, and length has been manufactured, and the oil palm material with a predetermined shape made from an oil palm trunk has a predetermined width, thickness, and length. The oil palm board of the predetermined width, thickness, and length formed by peeling the oil palm trunk of the predetermined length from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating the oil palm trunk of the predetermined length in the circumferential direction is a subtle property The difference came out. In other words, the oil palm plate having a predetermined width, thickness, and length formed by peeling off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race was able to ignore distortion such as twisting and distortion. Some distortions such as twisting and distortion of the oil palm material W sawn to a predetermined thickness in the circumferential direction cannot be ignored.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and without mechanically joining the oil palm trunk and mechanically joining the components using the components inherent to the oil palm. An object of the present invention is to provide a strain-removed compacted material that improves the overall mechanical strength and improves the linearity of the oil palm compacted material, a manufacturing apparatus therefor, and a manufacturing method therefor.

An apparatus for producing an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material as a device for producing a strain-relieved consolidated material according to the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that an oil palm material is cut out from an oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length by a cutting means, and a deep groove The vascular bundle extending substantially spirally through the oil palm trunk is cut by a forming means, a deep groove is formed from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material, and the oil palm material in which the deep groove is formed is forced by a forced drying means. After drying, the surface of the oil palm material is heated with a hot plate by a hot plate heating and compressing means, a compressive force is applied, and heating and compressing force are supplied for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means, and then the hot plate The cooling and decompression means lowers the temperature of the oil palm material to a predetermined temperature and performs cooling and decompression.
Here, the cutting means cuts out the oil palm material from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length.
The deep groove forming means may be any means that cuts a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally from the oil palm trunk and forms a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material. The conspicuous thickness is a groove having a width of about 2 to 10 mm formed as a groove, and is a depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the oil palm trunk.
And the said forced-drying means carries out the forced drying of the oil palm material in which the said deep groove was formed efficiently using the said deep groove.
Further, the hot plate heating and compressing means heats the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate, imparts a compressive force, and supplies the heating plate and compressing force for a predetermined time by the hot plate heated and compressed means. The hot plate cooling and decompressing means can maintain the predetermined compacting state even when the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed. It is what you want to do.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material, wherein the oil palm material is cut out from the oil palm trunk at a predetermined width, thickness, and length in a cutting step to form a deep groove. In the process, a vascular bundle extending in a spiral shape is cut from the oil palm trunk to form a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material, and the oil palm material having the deep groove formed in the forced drying process is forcibly dried. In the hot plate heating and compression step, the surface of the oil palm material is heated with a hot plate to give a compressive force, and the hot plate heating and compressing means supplies the heating and compressing force for a predetermined time, and then the hot plate cooling and depressurizing step. Then, the temperature of the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature to cool and decompress.
Here, the cutting-out step is to cut and cut out the oil palm material from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length, and may be plate-shaped or columnar.
Further, the deep groove forming step may be any one that cuts a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally from the oil palm trunk and forms a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material. A groove having a width of about 2 to 10 mm formed as a groove. The depth is a distance up to ± 50 of the center of the core of the oil palm trunk, and is a place with a high water content.
In the forced drying step, the oil palm material in which the deep grooves are formed is efficiently and forcedly dried from the center having a high water content by using the deep grooves.
Further, in the hot plate heating and compression step, the surface of the oil palm material is heated with a hot plate, a compression force is applied, and heating and compression force are supplied for a predetermined time in the hot plate heating and compression step. The hot plate cooling and decompressing step can maintain the predetermined compacting state even when the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed. It is what you want to do.

The oil palm strain removal compaction material as a strain removal compaction material according to the invention of claim 3 is obtained by forming a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally into an oil palm material cut out from an oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness and length. A deep groove is formed from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material so as to be cut, the oil palm material forming the deep groove is dried, and the surface of the dried oil palm material is heated with a hot plate, After applying a compressive force and supplying a heating force and a compressive force for a predetermined time, the temperature of the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed.
Here, the oil palm material is produced by cutting from an oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length.
Further, the deep groove is not limited as long as it cuts a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally from the oil palm trunk and forms a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material. It is a groove having a width of about 2 to 10 mm.
In the forced drying, the oil palm material in which the deep grooves are formed is efficiently forced to dry using the deep grooves.
Furthermore, the hot plate heat compression is to heat the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate, apply a compressive force, and supply heat and compressive force for a predetermined time by the hot plate heat compression. The hot plate cooling and depressurization can maintain the predetermined compacting state even if the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed. Is.

The deep groove formed in the specific surface with respect to the oil palm material of the oil palm strain removing compacted material as the strain removing compacted material according to the invention of claim 4 has a depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the oil palm trunk. It is one that is one to four on the entire surface, and has a depth that reaches the core cut perpendicularly to the length direction of the oil palm trunk.
Here, the deep groove can be a total of four deep grooves formed perpendicularly to the entire surface from one to one side of the quadrangular column, and the depth to the core of the oil palm trunk is as follows. It does not mean the distance to the center of the core accurately, and may be within ± 50 mm from the center of the core of the oil palm trunk having a high water content. Moreover, the width | variety is a groove | channel about 2-10 mm normally formed as a groove | channel of a saw.

Powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is attached to a deep groove formed on a specific surface of the oil palm material as the strain-relief compacted material according to the invention of claim 5.
Here, powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is adhered and joined to the deep groove. For this attachment, the powder may be attached as a fluid, or may be inserted in the form of a powder. The powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is obtained by pulverizing large sawdust or the like generated by the production of the oil palm trunk.

The oil palm strain removal compaction material as the strain removal compaction material according to the invention of claim 6 is formed from wood other than oil palm, and is disposed on a core material extending in a specific direction, and on the peripheral surface of the core material, Cut the oil palm trunk so as to cut a vascular bundle extending in a spiral shape, and dry the oil palm material formed in a predetermined width, thickness and length, the core material and the oil palm material, and The surfaces of the core material and the oil palm material are heated with a hot plate, applied with a compressive force, and heated and supplied with the compressive force for a predetermined time, and then the temperature of the core material and the oil palm material is set to a predetermined temperature. The pressure is lowered to the cooling pressure.
Here, the core material is a vascular bundle in which a quadrangular prism-shaped wood formed from wood other than oil palm is put, and the oil palm trunk extends substantially spirally on the peripheral surface of the core material extending in a specific direction. The oil palm material formed to have a predetermined width, thickness, and length is disposed by cutting so as to cut.
Further, the core material and the oil palm material are dried, the surfaces of the dried core material and the oil palm material are heated with a hot plate, a compressive force is applied, and the heat and the compressive force are supplied for a predetermined time. Then, the temperature of the core material and the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature, and the pressure is cooled and decompressed to be manually fixed.

  The oil palm strain-removed consolidated material as the strain-removed consolidated material according to the invention of claim 7 is obtained by adhering and joining the powder obtained from the oil palm trunk around the core material. This attachment may be carried out as a liquid or as a powder.

An apparatus for manufacturing an oil palm strain removing compacted material as a strain removing compacted material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 cuts out an oil palm material with a predetermined width, thickness and length from the oil palm trunk, and substantially spirals the oil palm trunk. A deep groove is formed in the oil palm material so as to cut a vascular bundle extending in a shape. As a result, the circumferential force of the vascular bundle spirally formed in the length direction of the oil palm trunk is cut, the expansion and contraction force is cut off, and the drying of the oil palm material is performed from the inside and the surface. Since the oil palm material is thick and is a columnar shape such as a quadrangular column, distortions such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Therefore, the oil palm material in which the deep grooves are formed is forcibly dried, the surface of the oil palm material is heated with a hot plate, a compressive force is applied, and heating and compressive force are supplied for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating compression means. After that, by lowering the temperature of the oil palm material to a predetermined temperature and cooling and depressurizing it, distortions such as twisting and distortion are corrected even if the oil palm plate is thick or a pillar shape such as a square pillar. A thick oil palm board or a columnar building material is obtained.
Therefore, without discarding the oil palm trunk, and mechanically joined using the components inherent to oil palm, increase the mechanical strength, the linearity of the oil palm compacted material It becomes the manufacturing apparatus of the improved oil palm distortion removal compaction material.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an oil palm strain removing compacted material as a strain removing compacted material, comprising: cutting out an oil palm material to be cut out from an oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length; Cutting the vascular bundle that stretches to form a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material, forcibly drying the oil palm material formed with the deep groove, heating the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate, and compressing After applying a force and supplying heating and compressive force for a predetermined time, the temperature of the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed.
Therefore, an oil palm material is cut out from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length, and at this time, a deep groove is formed in the oil palm material so as to cut a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally through the oil palm trunk. Therefore, the force in the circumferential direction of the vascular bundle formed in a spiral shape in the length direction of the oil palm trunk is cut, and the strong expansion and contraction force due to the vascular bundle is cut off. Since drying is started simultaneously from the inside and the surface, distortions such as twisting and distortion can be ignored even if the oil palm plate is thick or columnar, such as a square column. Therefore, in a state where the oil palm material in which the deep groove is formed is forcibly dried, the surface of the oil palm material is heated with a hot plate to give a compressive force, and the hot plate heating and compressing means heats and compresses for a predetermined time. After the oil palm material is supplied, the temperature of the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed to correct distortion such as twisting and distortion even if the oil palm plate is thick or columnar, A columnar building material such as a thick oil palm board or a square pillar is obtained.
Therefore, without discarding the oil palm trunk, and mechanically joined using the components inherent to oil palm, increase the mechanical strength, the linearity of the oil palm compacted material It becomes the manufacturing method of the improved oil palm distortion removal compaction material.

  The oil palm strain removal compaction material as the strain removal compaction material according to claim 3 is formed by forming a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material cut out from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length. Therefore, the circumferential force of the vascular bundle spirally formed in the length direction of the oil palm trunk is cut, the expansion and contraction force is cut off, and the drying of the oil palm material is performed from the inside and the surface. Since it is started simultaneously, even if the oil palm plate is thick or columnar, distortions such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Therefore, the oil palm material in which the deep grooves are formed is forcibly dried, the surface of the oil palm material is heated with a hot plate, a compressive force is applied, and heating and compressive force are supplied for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating compression means. After that, by lowering the temperature of the oil palm material to a predetermined temperature and cooling and depressurizing it, distortions such as twisting and distortion are corrected even if the oil palm plate is thick or a pillar shape such as a square pillar. A thick oil palm board or a columnar building material is obtained.

  The deep groove formed in the specific surface with respect to the oil palm material of the oil palm strain removing compacted material as the strain removing compacted material of claim 4 is a surface having a depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the oil palm trunk. One to four in total, for example, one on one surface, two on two opposing surfaces, one on each columnar surface such as a square column, etc. Yes, because the depth reaches the core cut perpendicular to the length direction of the oil palm trunk, in addition to the effect of claim 3, depending on the factor of distortion that the oil palm trunk itself has One to four deep grooves on the entire surface, and in particular, the deep groove can be from one to one surface of the quadrangular prism and a deep groove perpendicular to each surface. The depth to the core of the palm trunk does not mean the exact distance to the center of the core. Since it is a depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the palm trunk and is usually within ± 50 mm from the center of the core, for example, a groove can be formed at a position where the water content of the center is 400% or more. Drying can be started directly from the high moisture content of the palm, and the drying can be performed simultaneously on the outside and inside of the oil palm trunk, and the amount of distortion can be reduced.

  The powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is adhered to a deep groove formed on a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material of the oil palm strain removing compacted material as the strain removing compacted material according to claim 5. In addition to the effects of claim 3 or claim 4, in addition to the effect of the deep groove, the compression force when the deep groove opening is joined by the action of resin components such as lignin contained in oil palm itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose. In addition, almost no voids in the oil palm material are eliminated, and a densely bonded structure can be obtained.

The oil palm strain removal compaction material as a strain removal compaction material according to claim 6 is formed of wood other than oil palm, and is disposed on a peripheral surface of the core material, a core material extending in a specific direction, and the oil palm trunk. The oil palm material formed into a predetermined width, thickness and length by cutting the vascular bundle extending in a spiral shape, the core material and the oil palm material are dried, and the dried core material and the After heating the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate, applying a compressive force, supplying the heating force and compressive force for a predetermined time, the temperature of the core material and the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature, and the cooling pressure is released. It is a thing.
Therefore, the oil palm material is cut out from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness and length around a core material formed from wood other than oil palm and extending in a specific direction, and the oil palm trunk is substantially spiral. Cut the vascular bundle that stretches, cut out the oil palm material with a predetermined width, thickness, and length, and join the oil palm material to the core material, so spiral in the length direction of the oil palm trunk Since the circumferential force of the vascular bundle formed is cut, the strong expansion and contraction force due to the vascular bundle is cut off, and the oil palm material can be individually dried. Even in the case of a columnar shape, distortion such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Further, the surface of the oil palm material that has been forcibly dried is heated with a hot plate, a compressive force is applied, and heating and compressive force are supplied for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means, and then the temperature of the oil palm material is set. By lowering to a predetermined temperature and cooling and depressurizing, distortion such as twisting and distortion is corrected regardless of whether the oil palm plate is thick or columnar, and a thick oil palm plate or columnar building material is obtained.
Therefore, without discarding the oil palm trunk, and mechanically joined using the components inherent to oil palm, increase the mechanical strength, the linearity of the oil palm compacted material It becomes the manufacturing method of the improved oil palm distortion removal compaction material.

  Since the powder obtained from the said oil palm trunk was made to adhere to the circumference | surroundings of the said core material of the oil palm distortion removal compaction material as a distortion removal compaction material of Claim 7, the effect of Claim 6 In addition, since the powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is attached to the periphery of the core material, it is compacted, so that the oil palm itself contains resin components such as lignin and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose. It becomes the supplement of the component joined by an effect | action, and it can be set as the conjugate | zygote of a dense structure | tissue.

FIG. 1: is explanatory drawing (a) in the case of manufacturing an oil palm material, (b) which shows the state of the fiber of an oil palm trunk, and explanatory drawing (c) of the oil palm material produced from the oil palm trunk. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the moisture content and the sugar concentration at the cross-sectional position of the oil palm. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an oil palm material used in the oil palm strain-removing compacted material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 (a) is an example of one deep groove on one surface, and FIG. 2 shows an example of two deep grooves on two surfaces, and (c) shows an example of four deep grooves, one for each columnar surface such as a quadrangular column. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a core material and an oil palm material used in the oil palm strain-removing compacted material of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, (a) is an example of the core material, and (b) is an oil palm material. It is a case before joining and compacting, and (c) is a case after compacting the core material and the oil palm material. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the production of the oil palm material used in the oil palm distortion-removed compacted material of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and (a) is an example in which four oil palm materials are cut out in an annular shape, b) is an example in which four oil palm materials are sawn in parallel from one oil palm trunk, and (c) is an example in which two oil palm members are sawn in parallel from one oil palm trunk. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic operation of the drying device of the apparatus for producing the oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the order of the drying device of the apparatus for producing the oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an initial schematic operation of the apparatus for manufacturing the oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic operation of the initial consolidation processing start of the apparatus for producing the oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic operation of the end of the up-and-down movement of the apparatus for manufacturing an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a schematic operation in the final state of the compacting process of the apparatus for producing the oil palm strain removing compacted material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining the sequence of the apparatus for producing the oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an initial schematic operation of the apparatus for producing an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing a schematic operation of the initial consolidation processing start of the apparatus for producing an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic operation of the end of the up-and-down movement of the apparatus for manufacturing an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing a schematic operation in a final state of the compacting process of the apparatus for producing an oil palm strain removing compacted material according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that, in the embodiments, the same symbols and the same reference numerals in the drawings are the same or corresponding functional parts, and therefore, redundant description thereof is omitted here.

  First, when the oil palm trunk WD used in the embodiment of the present invention is lumbered so as to lumber the wood grain and the grid, as shown in FIG. It becomes the surface where is lined up. That is, there are no annual rings such as Japanese cypress or cedar, and vascular fibers of 0.2 to 1.0 mm extend in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD as in the case of tatami mats. The density of the vascular bundle extending in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD of the vascular bundle varies depending on the position from the center. The density of the vascular bundle is sparse near the center and becomes denser toward the outer periphery. However, in a position near the outer periphery of the oil palm trunk WD, not only the vascular bundle extending in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD but also the fiber wound spirally in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD. A tube bundle K exists and its density is high.

The components of oil palm trunk WD are slightly different depending on the place of production, but the difference is slight, generally 30.6% by weight of cellulose, 33.2% by weight of hemicellulose, lignin (total lignin 28.5% by weight = Klarson lignin 24.7% by weight + acid-soluble lignin (3.8% by weight), extracted component 3.6% by weight, ash content 4.1% by weight, Characterization in Chemical Composition of the Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) (Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, 87, 383-388 (2008)).
Visible fibers of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, that is, between the vascular bundle, are united by soft cells such as resin components such as lignin, saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose, and a small number of pores.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the cross section cut perpendicular to the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD has a diameter of 1 with the center of the oil palm trunk WD sandwiched as shown in the table of FIG. 1/3 from the outer diameter of the A region, the diameter of about / 3 is the A region at the center, the outer diameter of the A region of the central portion and the range of 1/3 to 1/6 of the diameter is the inner region If the range 6 is the external C region, the moisture content of each part based on the dry weight is 502% for the A region, 313% for the B region, and 217% for the C region. The sugar concentration is 67.5 mg / ml in the A region, 76.6 mg / ml in the B region, and 55.4 mg / ml in the C region.

That is, the sugar concentration is 67.5 mg / ml in the A region and 76.6 mg / ml in the B region, so that the sugar concentration is not so high that it cannot be dried. However, when the sugar concentration increases due to the evaporation of moisture, the moisture evaporation site of parenchyma is expected to change.
The inventors of the present invention sequentially dry from the lower moisture content when drying by hot plate heating or the like, and the higher moisture content is finally dried, so the relationship between the sugar concentration and the moisture content. As the drying progressed, it was estimated that distortion such as twisting and distortion of the oil palm material W sawn to a predetermined thickness occurred.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention are distorted, such as twisted and distorted oil palm material W, due to the time lag of the start and end of drying between the position of the A region in the center of the oil palm trunk WD and other portions. This is confirmed by the fact that the amount of distortion such as twisting and distortion of the oil palm material W is drastically reduced when the A region in the center is heated from the initial state and dried, as in the other regions.
Therefore, by forming a deep groove (deep groove M in FIG. 3A) from a specific surface with a rotary saw blade or the like on the oil palm material W sawn from the oil palm trunk WD, the oil palm material W is dried. It was found that the time lag can be reduced.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the diameter of the vascular bundle K wound spirally in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD is reduced by a compression force applied from the outside. It does n’t get bigger. Therefore, when the oil palm material W is compacted, the distortion appears in any weakest part of the whole. It is also predicted that this is a factor of distortion such as twisting and distortion of the oil palm material W.
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention, in the drying process of the oil palm material W, when the oil palm material W is cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length with lumber or the like, the oil palm trunk W is substantially spiraled. As shown in FIG. 3, a deep groove M (specially, when the position and number of grooves of the oil palm material W are not intended, as shown in FIG. Is simply described as a deep groove M).

The deep groove M is 1 / of the diameter of the oil palm trunk WD in FIG. 2 (a) with respect to a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length. A groove is formed up to a region A in the center of about 3 diameters. As a result, the moisture content in the A area based on the dry weight is 502%, the B area is 313%, and the C area is 217%. Therefore, drying can be started simultaneously from a position where the moisture content is high. .
Further, by forming the deep groove M up to the central portion A region having a diameter of about 1/3 of the diameter of the oil palm trunk WD, the vascular bundle K extending substantially spirally is cut together. The vascular bundle K extending in a substantially spiral shape can be deformed at least in the cut range, and the vascular bundle K accumulates strain energy within that range, but the continuous length is limited. Cannot accumulate.

Therefore, cutting the vascular bundle K extending in a substantially spiral shape forms the deep grooves M1 and the deep grooves M2 that are close to each other and parallel to each other as shown in FIG. Since the vascular bundle K extending in a substantially spiral shape is further cut into approximately ½, the strain energy to be displaced of the vascular bundle K can be further reduced.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the deep grooves M1 and M2, the deep grooves M3, and the deep grooves M4 that are adjacent to and parallel to two opposing surfaces, that is, four columnar surfaces such as a square column, are formed. Since the vascular bundle K that extends more efficiently and the spirally extending vascular bundle K is cut into approximately ¼, the strain energy to be displaced by the vascular bundle K can be further reduced.

Thus, the vascular bundle K formed in a spiral shape in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD has a spiral shape when the cut surface in the direction perpendicular to the length direction is reduced into a two-dimensional small area by consolidation. Since the diameter of the vascular bundle K formed in the shape cannot be reduced, the action of maintaining the current state is exhibited. However, as shown in FIG. 3, when the vascular bundle K extending in a substantially spiral shape is cut, the vascular bundle K formed in the cut spiral shape becomes a two-dimensional small area, and the oil palm trunk WD The pitch in the length direction can be changed, and internal strain can be removed.
Therefore, the specific portion is not distorted by the vascular bundle K at a predetermined position.

  Thus, the circumferential force of the vascular bundle K formed in a spiral shape in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD is cut, the expansion and contraction force is cut, and the oil palm material W is dried. Since it starts simultaneously from the inside and the surface, even if the oil palm material W is thick or columnar, the internal stress is small, so distortions such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Therefore, the oil palm material W in which the deep groove M is formed is forcibly dried, the surface of the oil palm material W is heated with a hot plate, a compressive force is applied, and heating and compressive force are supplied for a predetermined time. By lowering the temperature of W to a predetermined temperature and cooling and depressurizing, even if the oil palm material W is thick or columnar, such as a square pillar, distortion such as twisting and distortion is corrected, and thick oil palm An oil palm distortion-removed consolidated material obtained by compacting a plate or a columnar shape is obtained.

The inventors of the present invention have a moisture content of the A region based on the dry weight of 502%, the B region of 313%, and the C region of 217%, and the A region moisture content and the C region moisture content of 2%. , It is almost 5 times and difficult to dry uniformly. In addition, since the moisture content is based on the dry weight, when dried, if the mass becomes the same, the A region is quantitatively reduced to about 1/3 of the C region. Even as the compacted material, the substantial density of the compacted material is partially different.
For example, when it is a columnar shape such as a quadrangular prism, distortion such as twisting and distortion is corrected, but the density of parenchymal cells between the core and the outer peripheral surface is different, May be bent due to internal strain.

Therefore, the inventors have removed the possibility that the whole is bent due to internal strain, and as shown in FIG. When materials other than wood were used, the expected results were obtained. As the core material P, a material that makes use of the grain such as persimmon, cedar, rice bran, persimmon leaf, rice cedar, Karamatsu, Akamatsu, chestnut, persimmon, persimmon, persimmon, cherry, persimmon, persimmon can be used.
However, since the legal test method has not been established for the data regarding secular change, the oil shown in FIG. 3 (c) was tested by alternately immersing it in 60 ° C. hot water and 20 ° C. water. It has been confirmed that the amount of bending is smaller than that of the palm strain-removed consolidated material.

  That is, cedar wood was used as the columnar core material P such as a square pillar. Further, as the oil palm materials W1,..., W4 joined to the four surfaces, the lumber shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the four oil palm materials W1,..., W4 are produced in an annular shape, and the core portion R is an example of oil palm powder. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), an example in which four oil palm materials are made in parallel from one oil palm trunk, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), two oil palm trunks are parallel to one oil palm trunk. In the case of lumbering oil palm material, it was set to four along with two oil palm materials obtained from other oil palm trunks.

These four oil palm materials W1,..., W4 are arranged around the core material P, and in this state, the four oil palm materials W1,. . At this time, the four oil palm materials W1,..., W4 were joined to the four surfaces of the core material P, and the whole was compressed and fixed at a predetermined compression rate. Regardless of which of the four oil palm materials W1,..., W4 in FIG. 5, an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material in the form of FIG. Further, before compacting, if the core portion R shown in FIG. 5 (a) is pulverized into a fine powder on a columnar core P such as a quadrangular column, it is attached to four surfaces and bonded. Strong joint strength can be obtained. However, even with only the core material P and the four oil palm materials W1,..., W4, a sufficient bonding force was obtained due to the self-adhesive ability of the oil palm materials W1,.
In addition, the manufacturing method of the oil palm distortion removal compaction material of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5 is not different from Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. Also, deep grooves M can be inserted in the oil palm materials W1,..., W4 in FIG.

Next, the oil palm strain removing and compacting material, the oil palm strain removing and compacting material manufacturing apparatus, and the oil palm strain removing and compacting material manufacturing method according to the first embodiment will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The formation of the oil palm material W that constitutes the oil palm distortion-removed compacted material according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The oil palm material W is cut from a single trunk that has grown for more than 20 years as a predetermined length of oil palm trunk WD, and an oil palm material W having a predetermined width and thickness and a predetermined length is sawn in the same manner as normal wood. .
Oil palm leaves, empty fruit bunches, roots, etc., excluding the oil palm trunk WD, are cut into chips and treated by an organic waste fermentation treatment method in which they are composted (composted) by aerobic bacteria treatment. In particular, empty fruit bunches may be subjected to other practical treatments. In addition, it is finely crushed, pulverized, extracted components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc., and used as a joint material for the four surfaces of the core material P as a joining aid for deep groove M May be.

In the first embodiment, the shape of the oil palm material W is not limited, but in the present embodiment, in the case of forming one columnar oil palm material W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness. explain. As shown in FIG. 3A, the oil palm material W having a predetermined thickness, a predetermined width, and a predetermined length forms the oil palm material W from the oil palm trunk WD, and the deep groove M1 is formed radially from the center. Form. Originally, it is desirable that the deep groove M1 is formed in the radial direction from the center of the oil palm trunk WD. However, the oil palm trunk WD having a diameter of 50 cm has a compression rate of 50% and a side of about 20 cm, 60 excluding the cut portion. A column with a side of about 16 cm at a compression rate of%.
At this time, the deep groove M1 is formed to the center of the oil palm material W made of a pillar, and specifically has a depth of 10 cm or 8 cm. As a result, what is necessary is just to form a groove | channel to the A area | region of the center part about the diameter of 1/3 of the diameter of the oil palm trunk WD of Fig.2 (a).

Here, the description has been made on the premise of a columnar oil palm strain-removing compacted material such as a quadrangular column, but when the present invention is carried out, the oil palm plate-shaped material shown in FIG. 1 may be used.
The position of the deep groove M is desirably set at a position that equally divides the cross section of the oil palm material W. That is, a groove is formed by the deep groove M up to a region A at the center of the diameter of about 1/3 of the diameter of the oil palm trunk WD in FIG. 2A, and the meat of each part of the oil palm material W is formed by the deep groove M. It is desirable that the thickness be a substantially uniform thickness. As described above, the deep grooves M are usually formed vertically or horizontally in consideration of the balance of the overall thickness.

Incidentally, in FIG. 3A, the wall thickness is uniform in the vertical direction, and the deep groove M1 reaches the center A region. In FIG. 3B, the thickness is uniform from the surface of the deep groove M across the deep groove M1 and the deep groove M2, and the deep groove M1 and the deep groove M2 reach the center A region. In FIG. 3C, the thickness is uniform across the deep groove M1, the deep groove M2, the deep groove M3, and the deep groove M4, and the deep groove M1, the deep groove M2, the deep groove M3, and the deep groove M4 are at the center A. It reaches to the area.
Therefore, since each part of the oil palm material W starts to dry substantially at the same time, the progress of drying does not progress or delay partially. For example, when it is a columnar shape such as a square pillar, twisting, distortion, etc. It becomes difficult to generate distortion.

As shown in FIG. 3B, when the deep groove M1 and the deep groove M2 that are parallel to each other are formed in close proximity to each other, in addition to the condition that the vascular bundle K that extends in a substantially spiral shape can be cut and dried more efficiently. Since the vascular bundle K extending in a substantially spiral shape is further cut as a half arc, the strain energy to be displaced of the vascular bundle K can be further reduced.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the deep groove M1 and the deep groove M2, the deep groove M3, and the deep groove M4 that are adjacent to and parallel to two opposing surfaces, that is, four columnar surfaces such as a quadrangular column, are formed, Since the vascular bundle K that extends efficiently and the vascular bundle K that extends in a substantially helical shape is cut as a substantially ¼ arc, the strain energy that the vascular bundle K tends to displace can be further reduced.

The oil palm material W in which the deep grooves M are thus formed is forcibly dried. Specifically, in the apparatus for producing an oil palm strain-removed compacted material of the first embodiment, the oil palm drying apparatus 100 using microwaves is processed in a drying process.
As a drying method of the oil palm material W in this drying process, there are forced drying or natural drying (sun drying). As forced drying, for example, an external heating method in which high-temperature steam is used as a heat source and heated from outside the oil palm material W by blowing the hot air on the oil palm material W or by heating and pressing with a press board, Examples thereof include an internal heating method in which the material W is subjected to dielectric heating and heated from the inside.

  In particular, when the oil palm material W is naturally dried, if the thickness of the oil palm material W is thick, bacteria such as mold are likely to grow and corrode, and productivity and commercial value are impaired. This is because oil such as Lauan, which is commonly used for building materials, forms a secondary xylem composed of cell (dead cell) tissue that has stopped moving water and nutrients. This is because the stem WD is composed only of primary tissues of vascular bundles and parenchymal cells, and most cells centering on parenchymal cells are living cells to which water and nutrients are transferred, and the moisture content is extremely high. Furthermore, it was found that oil palm trunk WD (oil palm trunk) is rich in saccharides (eg, fructose, glucose, fructooligosaccharides, inositol, etc.). When the thickness of the oil palm material W obtained from the trunk of the palm is thick, bacteria such as mold are proliferated and corroded easily in natural drying, and productivity and commercial value are impaired.

Therefore, according to the experiments of the present inventors, by setting the thickness of the oil palm material W obtained from the oil palm trunk WD to a range of 10 mm to 20 mm or less, commercial value and productivity due to bacteria such as mold even in natural drying It was confirmed that the cost could be reduced without incurring a decrease in the cost. However, according to the experiments by the present inventors, in the case of a thickness of 20 mm or more, it is difficult to uniformly dry to the inside, so that deformation and bulge are likely to occur after the compacting process described later, and the curved surface is replaced with a straight line. Therefore, it has also been confirmed that cracks and the like are likely to occur. In natural drying, the product value and productivity are reduced by bacteria such as mold, which is not practical.
Thus, it has been confirmed that the use of the oil palm drying apparatus 100 that performs dielectric heating can reduce costs without causing a reduction in product value or productivity due to bacteria such as mold.

  In addition, as a result of repeated experiments by the present inventors, when the moisture content of the dried oil palm material W is less than 10%, a sufficient chemical change cannot be caused by compaction processing described later, When the surface is too dry and when wetted with water after consolidation, the phenomenon that the compressed portion returns to its original thickness shape, so-called immobilization failure is likely to occur, while the water content exceeds 30% Then, since it was difficult to dry uniformly to the inside and it was confirmed that damage such as cracks and ruptures, deformation, swelling, and the like are likely to occur after consolidation, the setting was made based on this. That is, it is desirable that the moisture content of the oil palm material W is substantially uniform over the entire thickness, and that the entire thickness is plastically processed with a substantially uniform compression rate, and the moisture content ranges from 10% to 30%. The inside is preferable. More preferably, the water content is in the range of 13% to 18%. In addition, a moisture content is measured using measuring instruments, such as a high frequency moisture content meter, for example.

Next, an oil palm drying apparatus 100 that performs dielectric heating has a configuration shown in FIG. Here, it is assumed that the oil palm material W in FIG.
First, the dielectric heating furnace 73 is a housing made of a material such as refractory bricks that is extremely small such as tan δ, that is, a good dielectric material and can withstand temperature, and is shielded on the outside so that microwaves do not leak. A chamber 72 is formed. The shield chamber 72 is formed of a copper plate and an iron plate. A storage chamber 70 is constituted by the shield chamber 72 and the dielectric heating furnace 73.
In the dielectric heating furnace 73, a pedestal 74 made of a good dielectric material for determining the position of the object to be heated and a spacer 76 for obtaining a thermal insulation effect are arranged.

  On the dielectric heating source 71, each table plate 75-1,..., 75-n is formed of a ceramic plate (ceramic plate) that can withstand a load higher than a predetermined value and a high temperature. .., 75-n, oil palm materials W1-1,..., Wn-1, oil palm materials W1-2,. , Wn-3, oil palm materials W1-4,..., Wn-4 are placed so that the oil palm material W is not deformed by drying under a predetermined load. ing. Moreover, even if a microwave is interrupted | blocked with respect to the oil palm material W, the oil palm material by the residual heat of the oil palm material W until then, ie, the residual heat of the table board 75-1, ..., 75-n. The temperature of W is gradually lowered.

As the microwave supplied into the dielectric heating furnace 73, a dielectric heating source 71 having a frequency of 2.4 GHz and an output of 10 kW was used to vaporize and exhaust water molecules contained in the oil palm material W. As a result, the water vapor generated in the dielectric heating furnace 73 was exhausted from the discharge pipe 78 by the air supplied from the dry air supply pipe 77.
Therefore, oil palm materials W1-1,..., Wn-1, oil palm materials W1-2,. , Wn-2, oil palm materials W1-3, ..., Wn-3, oil palm materials W1-4, ..., Wn-4 are placed, and the oil palm material W is not deformed by a predetermined load. When heated in this manner, only the moisture of the oil palm material W is vaporized, and the oil palm material W can be dried.
In the present embodiment, the pedestal 74 is fixed. However, it is usually rotated so that the microwave does not heat only a specific position. Moreover, since the oil palm material W is long, it is reciprocated so that the base 74 scans, and is heated uniformly.

Each table plate 75-1,..., 75-n has been described on the premise of weight, but when the present invention is carried out, a conductive powder is put into the microplate. It can also generate heat in response to waves. Indirectly, the respective table plates 75-1,..., 75-n are heated, and oil palm materials W1-1,..., Wn-1, oil palm materials W1-2,. 2, oil palm materials W1-3, ..., Wn-3, oil palm materials W1-4, ..., Wn-4 can be indirectly heated.
However, oil palm materials W1-1,..., Wn-1, oil palm materials W1-2,..., Wn-2, oil palm materials W1-3,. .., Wn-3, oil palm materials W1-4,..., Wn-4 have a high moisture content, and are heated to 100.degree.

The drying apparatus 100 for oil palm used in the present embodiment is controlled to be dried as shown in FIG.
First, in step S11, the oil palm materials W1,..., Wn are carried in and arranged, and until the completion is confirmed in step S12. Usually, completion of loading and disposition is detected by locking a door (not shown) of the storage chamber 70. When completion is confirmed in step S12, the pump 49 is driven in step S13, and the discharge of moisture is started.
Next, in step S14, the dielectric heating source 71 is driven, and a microwave output is output into the storage chamber 70. In step S15, it is determined whether or not the dielectric heating is continued for a predetermined time. Stop microwave output. Further, in step S17, it is determined whether a predetermined time has elapsed as heating due to residual heat. In step S18, it is determined whether the temperature of the oil palm materials W1,..., Wn has decreased to a predetermined temperature. When the temperature has decreased to the predetermined temperature, the pump 49 is stopped in step S19. In step S20, the oil palm materials W1,..., Wn are carried out, and the operation of the oil palm drying apparatus 100 used in the present embodiment is terminated.

In addition, the dielectric heating process in the oil palm drying apparatus 100 used in the present embodiment is a process in which the oil palm material composed of steps S14 to S15 is dielectrically heated by applying a predetermined heat energy by the dielectric heating source 71. It is.
The moisture discharge process means a process of removing the humidity between steps S13 to S19 in a process of exhausting or sucking air from the storage chamber 70 by the pump 49.
In addition, even if the oil palm material W is a plate-like material or a columnar material, drying can be performed in the same manner. In particular, when the oil palm material W is dielectrically heated, the drying speed is increased by heating from the core of the oil palm material W. Can speed up.

  The oil palm drying apparatus 100 used in the present embodiment includes a dielectric heating source 71 that dielectrically heats an oil palm material W made of a predetermined length of an oil palm trunk WD in a predetermined thickness in the length direction, and an oil palm. A storage chamber 70 that stores the material W and controls dielectric pressure by the dielectric heating source 71 by separating it from the atmospheric pressure, and a pump 49 that exhausts or sucks air from the storage chamber 70 are provided. However, since the oil palm material W is usually long, it has a plurality of dielectric heating sources 71, or the table plate 75-1,..., 75-n is scanned on the spacer 76 to reciprocate. By doing so, the whole is heated.

Therefore, the oil palm material W is heated by dielectric heating, and the water vapor is discharged from the storage chamber 70 through the pump 49, so that water vapor generated by heating and moisture generated by deaeration are discharged as necessary. The drying efficiency can be increased. Further, since the oil palm material W is heated and pressurized by dielectric heating, the heat of the dielectric heating reaches the core of the oil palm material W, and the entire drying can be performed rapidly.
Therefore, the oil palm material W can be dried to the extent that mold bacteria do not propagate, and the oil palm material W that does not affect the processing after drought can be prepared.

  Moreover, the drying method of the oil palm used by this Embodiment is the material formation process which forms the oil palm material W which sawed the oil palm trunk WD of predetermined length to the predetermined thickness in the length direction, and oil palm material A dielectric heating step in which W is dielectrically heated by the dielectric heating source 71, and an indoor pressure of the accommodation chamber 70 in which the oil palm material W is accommodated and dielectrically heated by the dielectric heating source 71 are separated from the atmospheric pressure, and air is discharged from the accommodation chamber 70. And a moisture discharge step of exhausting or sucking the air with a pump 49.

Therefore, the oil palm material W is heated by dielectric heating, and the water vapor is discharged from the storage chamber 70 through the pump 49, so that water vapor generated by heating and moisture generated by deaeration are discharged as necessary. The drying efficiency can be increased. Further, since the oil palm material W is heated and pressurized by dielectric heating, the heat of the dielectric heating reaches the core of the oil palm material W, and the entire drying can be performed rapidly.
Therefore, the oil palm material W can be dried to the extent that mold bacteria do not propagate, and the oil palm material W that does not affect the processing after drought can be prepared.

Next, an oil palm strain removing compacted material manufacturing apparatus 200 that manufactures the oil palm strain removed compacted material of Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 11.
The hydraulic cylinder 81 can move the piston 81b in the vertical direction by hydraulic pressure, and a hot plate 81a for heating or cooling the surface temperature by steam pressure or cooling water is disposed at the tip thereof. Correspondingly, a hot plate 80 is provided as a base for heating or cooling the surface temperature with vapor pressure or cooling water. Therefore, the upper and lower compression is performed only by the piston 81b of the hydraulic cylinder 81, and the hot plate 80 serving as a base receives only that.

  The hydraulic cylinder 82 can move the piston 82b in the horizontal direction by hydraulic pressure, and a hot plate 82a for heating or cooling the surface temperature by steam pressure or cooling water is disposed at the tip thereof. The piston 83b can be moved in the horizontal direction by hydraulic pressure, and a hot plate 83a for heating or cooling the surface temperature by steam pressure or cooling water is disposed at the tip of the piston 83b.

  The hydraulic cylinder 84 can move the piston 84b in the horizontal direction by hydraulic pressure, and a hot plate 84a for heating or cooling the surface temperature by steam pressure or cooling water is disposed at the tip of the hydraulic cylinder 84. 85 can move the piston 85b in the horizontal direction by hydraulic pressure, and a hot plate 85a for heating or cooling the surface temperature by steam pressure or cooling water is disposed at the tip of the piston 85b.

  FIGS. 8 to 11 are conceptual views, each showing a cross section in the length direction of the oil palm strain-removing consolidated material of the embodiment of the present invention to be manufactured, and each hot plate 80, 81a, 82a, Specifically, 83a, 84a, and 85a are structural bodies that maintain a planar structure, and each hydraulic cylinder 81, 82, 83, and 84 is not controlled by one, but consists of a plurality. ing. In addition, a valve, a conduit, a sensor, and a stopper (not shown) are provided.

Operation | movement of the manufacturing apparatus 200 of the oil palm distortion removal compaction material of embodiment of this invention is controlled like the flowchart explaining the whole operation | movement of FIG.
First, the oil palm material W is dried using the oil palm drying apparatus 100 in the drying step of step S31. Next, it is assumed that the dried oil palm material W is as shown in FIG. Therefore, the oil palm material W in which the deep groove M1, the deep groove M2, the deep groove M3, and the deep groove M4 reach the A region in the center is disposed. First, as an initial setting, at least the piston 81b of the hydraulic cylinder 81 is raised and the hot plate 81a is in a state where the predetermined interval is widened. Of course, the hot plate 82a and the hot plate 84a and / or the hot plate 83a and the hot plate 85a may be retracted.

  Here, the oil palm material W is disposed on the hot plate 80 serving as a base. When the arrangement is completed, the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83, 84 are set to the start setting positions at the positions shown in FIG. 8, and the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a are set to the positions shown in FIG. When the position of each hot plate 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a is confirmed in step S33, water vapor of 110 to 160 ° C. is applied to all the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a in step S34. Then, heating of the oil palm material W is started. In step S35, the elapse of the heating time t1 is confirmed, and the heating is continued until the time t1 when the heating temperature of the oil palm material W is raised to a predetermined temperature. This heating time t1 is determined based on whether or not the heating temperature of the oil palm material W has reached the compression start temperature.

When the heating temperature of the oil palm material W is raised to a predetermined temperature and the elapse of the heating time t1 is confirmed, the supply of water vapor to the hot plate 82a and the hot plate 83a is cut off in step S36, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the piston 82b moves away from the heat plate 82a by the hydraulic cylinder 82, and similarly, the piston 83b moves away from the heat plate 83a by the hydraulic cylinder 83 and moves to a position that does not affect the elevation of the heat plate 81a. Let
In step S37, the piston 81b is lowered by the hydraulic cylinder 81 as shown in FIG. 10, and the oil palm material W is compressed in the vertical direction by the hot plate 81a. The routine of step S38 and step S39 is continuously performed until the vertical compression limit of the oil palm material W by the hydraulic cylinder 81 is detected.

  When the completion of compression of the oil palm material W is detected by the compression position or the like in step S39, the lowering of the hot plate 81a by the hydraulic cylinder 81 is stopped, and the piston 84b is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 84 in step S40 as shown in FIG. The hot plate 84a is moved to the oil palm material W side through the hydraulic cylinder 85, and at the same time, the hot plate 85a is moved to the oil palm material W side through the piston 85b by the hydraulic cylinder 85, and the oil palm material is moved between the hot plate 84a and the hot plate 85a. Compress W. When it is confirmed in step S41 that the compression of the hot plate 84a by the hydraulic cylinder 84 and the hot plate 85a by the hydraulic cylinder 85 has been completed, the compressed state is maintained. In step S42, the oil palm material W is further heated. In step S42 and step S43, the heating temperature is increased to T1, for example, 150 to 210 ° C. If the increase is confirmed, it is continued in step S44 for t2 hours. This is executed by the routine from step S42 to step S44.

When it is confirmed in the routine of step S44 that the heating of the oil palm material W has been continued for t2 hours at the heating temperature T1, the other hot plates 80, 81a, 84a are removed in step S45 except for the hot plates 82a, 83a. 85a, the supply of water vapor is stopped, and in step S46, the supply is switched to the supply of cooling water. In step S47, the elapse of the cooling time t3 is determined. That is, the elapse of the cooling time t3 is determined in the routine of step S46 and step S47, and if it is determined in step S47, the cooling is stopped in step S48, and all the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83 are determined in step S49. , 84 are released.
At this time, the oil palm material W is pushed by the hot plate 84a to the hot plate 85a side of the hydraulic cylinder 85 via the piston 84b of the hydraulic cylinder 84, dropped from the hot plate 80 of the base, and sent to the next step. be able to.

  As described above, the oil palm strain-removed compacted material is cooled in a pressurized state and then released from the pressurization, that is, after the water vapor pressure of the oil palm material W itself is lowered by cooling, the pressure is gradually released. By releasing the internal vapor pressure, it becomes an oil palm compact that does not swell, deform, break, break (puncture), etc. when cooling compression is released. That is, according to the oil palm compacted material of the present embodiment, stable quality is ensured without causing bulging deformation, cracking, destruction, etc. after decompression. Immobilization to permanently maintain the compacted state is completed by cooling under a pressure state where no deformation occurs.

Next, an oil palm strain removing compacted material manufacturing apparatus 200 that manufactures the oil palm strain removed compacted material of Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16.
The configuration of the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83, 84, and 85 and the configuration of the components that control them are as described in the embodiment. Further, the operation of the oil palm strain-removed compacted material manufacturing apparatus 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention is controlled as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
First, the oil palm material W is dried using the oil palm drying apparatus 100 in the drying step of step S31. Next, five core materials P made of wood other than the dried oil palm material W and oil balm are used and arranged as shown in FIG. First, as an initial setting, at least the piston 81b of the hydraulic cylinder 81 is raised and the hot plate 81a is in a state where the predetermined interval is widened. Of course, the hot plate 82a and the hot plate 84a and / or the hot plate 83a and the hot plate 85a may be retracted.
By this consolidation, the deep grooves M1 and deep grooves M2 and the deep grooves M3 and M4 formed in the oil palm material W are joined and confirmed in the drawing, but cannot be actually confirmed due to the bonding ability of the oil palm itself. It becomes a joint boundary line. At this time, if the deep groove M1, the deep groove M2, the deep groove M3, and the deep groove M4 are filled with or applied with powdered oil palm itself and then subjected to compaction processing, the adhesive strength is further increased. be able to.

  Here, the oil palm material W1 and the oil palm material W2 are disposed on the hot plate 80 serving as a base, then the core material P and the oil palm material W3 are disposed, and finally the oil palm material W4 is disposed. When the arrangement is completed, the positions in FIG. 13 are set as the start setting positions of the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83, and 84, and the heat plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, and 85a are set in the positions shown in FIG. When the position of each hot plate 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a is confirmed in step S33, water vapor of 110 to 160 ° C. is applied to all the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a in step S34. The heating of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P is started. In step S35, the elapse of the heating time t1 is confirmed, and the heating is continued until the time t1 when the heating temperature of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P is raised to a predetermined temperature. The heating time t1 is determined based on whether or not the heating temperatures of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P have reached the compression start temperature.

When the heating temperature of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P is raised to a predetermined temperature and the elapse of the heating time t1 is confirmed, in step S36, the steam of the hot plate 82a and the hot plate 83a In step S37, as shown in FIG. 14, the piston 82b is moved away from the hot plate 82a by the hydraulic cylinder 82, and the piston 83b is moved backward from the hot plate 83a by the hydraulic cylinder 83. Move to a position that does not affect the elevation of 81a.
In step S37, the piston 81b is lowered by the hydraulic cylinder 81 as shown in FIG. 15, and the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W5 are compressed in the vertical direction by the hot plate 81a. The routines of Step S38 and Step S39 are continuously executed until the vertical compression limit of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P by the hydraulic cylinder 81 is detected.

  When the compression completion of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P is detected by the compression position or the like in step S39, the descent of the hot plate 81a by the hydraulic cylinder 81 is stopped, and as shown in FIG. In S40, the hot plate 84a is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 84 through the piston 84b to the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W5, and at the same time, the hot plate 85a is moved by the hydraulic cylinder 85 through the piston 85b to the oil palm material W1 to oil. The oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P are compressed by the hot plate 84a and the hot plate 85a. When it is confirmed in step S41 that the compression of the hot plate 84a by the hydraulic cylinder 84 and the hot plate 85a by the hydraulic cylinder 85 has been completed, the compressed state is maintained. In step S42, the oil palm material W1 to oil The palm material W4 and the core material P are heated, and the heating temperature is increased to T1, for example, 150 to 210 ° C. by the routine of step S42 and step S43, and when the increase is confirmed, it is t2 in step S44. Continue for hours. This is executed by the routine from step S42 to step S44.

In the routine of step S44, when it is confirmed that the heating of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P is continued at the heating temperature T1 for t2 hours, the hot plates 82a and 83a are removed in step S45, The supply of water vapor to the other hot plates 80, 81a, 84a, 85a is stopped, and switching to the supply of cooling water is performed in step S46. In step S47, the elapse of the cooling time t3 is determined. That is, the elapse of the cooling time t3 is determined in the routine of step S46 and step S47, and if it is determined in step S47, the cooling is stopped in step S48, and all the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83 are determined in step S49. , 84 are released.
At this time, the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 and the core material P are pushed to the heat plate 85a side of the hydraulic cylinder 85 by the heat plate 84a via the piston 84b of the hydraulic cylinder 84, and the base heat plate 80 is pressed. Can be dropped and sent to the next process.

As described above, the oil palm strain-removed compacted material is cooled in a pressurized state and then released from the pressurization, that is, after the water vapor pressure of the oil palm material W itself is lowered by cooling, the pressure is gradually released. By releasing the internal vapor pressure, it becomes an oil palm compact that does not swell, deform, break, break (puncture), etc. when cooling compression is released. That is, according to the oil palm compacted material of the present embodiment, stable quality is ensured without causing bulging deformation, cracking, destruction, etc. after decompression. Immobilization to permanently maintain the compacted state is completed by cooling under a pressure state where no deformation occurs.
By this consolidation, the core material P and the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 are joined and confirmed in the drawing, but cannot be actually confirmed due to the bonding ability of the oil palm material W1 to the oil palm material W4 itself. It becomes a joining boundary state. Further, at this time, by applying a powdered oil palm itself to the outer periphery of the core material P and performing a consolidation process, the adhesive strength can be further increased.

  In addition, an oil palm strain-removed consolidated material having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.8 or more is produced by consolidation. And as for the oil palm distortion removal compaction material obtained in this way, wood is firmly joined by compaction processing. This is because cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are hydrogen-bonded by compaction processing, and especially the palm of an oil palm contains many sugars, lignin, plastic components, etc., and these components are decomposed and softened by compaction processing. It functions as a binder by being recrystallized and re-bonded after moving between woods, and further, the fibers of the surface layer of the oil palm material W are softened by the consolidation process, and the wood is adjacent in the stacking direction. It is considered that the woods are firmly joined by being intertwined with the fibers.

As described above, according to the oil palm strain removing compacted material of the present embodiment, wood is joined without using an artificial adhesive or an expensive natural adhesive that is concerned about environmental burden due to formaldehyde or the like. It is environmentally friendly and can reduce costs.
Moreover, in general, when the oil palm material W is joined by use of an adhesive by using the adhesive ability of the oil palm itself, after the adhesive is applied, the adhesive is hardened by pressing. While the steps such as adhesive application and the pressing step are necessary, according to the oil palm strain-removing compacted material of the present embodiment, the woods are joined together without using an adhesive by compacting. The separate joining process is not necessary, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

Moreover, the obtained oil palm strain-removed compacted material is compacted to reduce the soft cells of the oil palm material W, and the lignin, hemicellulose, etc. constituting the cell wall are softened / decomposed and recombined. The disadvantage of the oil palm material W, which is recrystallized to increase the cell density, has a low specific gravity, is low in strength and easily deforms, is complemented, and high strength and stable dimensional shape are ensured. In particular, by compacting so that the air-dry specific gravity becomes 0.8 or more, the entire thickness of the oil palm strain-removed compact is uniformly compressed, the properties of the oil palm material W are changed, and the hardness and the like are remarkable. In addition, there is less variation in physical properties and characteristic values such as hardness, and there is also little variation in expansion rate and drying rate due to changes in ambient environmental conditions, so that deformation and the like can be suppressed, thereby improving dimensional shape stability. Increase.
Therefore, the physical properties are stable, the quality between products is small, and the commercial value is high. Furthermore, it is consolidated in a state where a plurality of dried oil palm materials W are stacked, and the expansion rate and contraction rate due to changes in ambient environmental conditions are substantially uniform on the bonding surface, so that stable bonding is maintained. In addition, a stable dimensional shape is ensured without causing distortion, deformation, cracks, and the like due to stress applied to the joint surface due to changes in ambient environmental conditions.

  In particular, when the oil palm material W is laminated with the same fiber direction, the fibers of the surface layer softened in the consolidation process are easily entangled with the wood fibers of the tree surface layer that are adjacent in the vertical direction with the same fiber direction. The oil palm material W fixed in the entangled state is firmly joined. In addition, since the expansion rate and contraction rate at the joint surface can be made completely equal, no stress is applied to the joint surface when the ambient environmental conditions change. Therefore, the bonding strength is high, the mechanical strength is also high, and high dimensional shape stability is ensured.

And the oil palm distortion removal compaction material of this Embodiment is densified by the compaction process also in the front and back made into the compression surface, the fibers of the oil palm material W are entangled and fixed, and there is a concern about the environmental load. Even without using an artificial adhesive or an expensive natural adhesive, it is difficult to peel off from the outer surface, and the surface quality is good. That is, since peeling from the surface of the fiber can be suppressed without using an artificial adhesive or a natural adhesive having a high cost, it is environmentally friendly and the cost can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the entire thickness is plastically processed, even if a large chamfering process or curved surface process is performed on the ridgeline on the thickness side surface, the material strength with high hardness is ensured at the end surface.

  The oil palm strain removing and compacting material manufacturing apparatus 200 according to the above embodiment includes a cutting unit that cuts out the oil palm material W from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length as shown in FIG. In order to cut the vascular bundle K extending substantially spirally through the oil palm trunk WD, a deep groove forming means for forming the deep groove M as shown in FIG. Forced drying means comprising an oil palm drying device 100 for forcibly drying the oil palm material W and the surface of the oil palm material W are heated by hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, and hydraulic cylinders 81, 82 are heated. , 83, and 84, a heating plate heating and compression unit comprising steps S42 to S44 and a hot plate heating and compression unit comprising steps S42 to S44. After feeding during heating and compression forces, those having a thermal plate cooling Kai圧 means consisting of step S45 to step S49 pressure cooling solution by lowering the temperature of the oil palm material W to a predetermined temperature.

The oil palm strain-removed compacted material manufacturing apparatus 200 according to the first embodiment cuts out the oil palm material W from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length as shown in FIG. A deep groove M is formed in the oil palm material W so as to cut a vascular bundle K extending in a spiral shape of the WD. The deep groove M is a depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the oil palm trunk WD cut perpendicularly to the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD. As a result, the circumferential force of the vascular bundle K spirally formed in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD is cut, the expansion and contraction force is cut off, and the drying of the oil palm material W is performed on the inside and the surface. Therefore, even if the oil palm material W is thick or a columnar shape such as a quadrangular column, distortion such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Therefore, the oil palm material W in which the deep groove M is formed is forcibly dried, and the surface of the oil palm material W is heated by the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, and the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83, 84, After applying a compressive force at 85 and supplying the heating and compressing force for a predetermined time consisting of Step S42 to Step S44 by the hot plate heating and compressing means, the temperature of the oil palm material W is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed. Through steps S45 to S49, even if the oil palm material W is thick or columnar such as a quadrangular column, distortion such as twisting and distortion is corrected, and a thick oil palm material W or a columnar building material is obtained.
Therefore, without discarding the oil palm trunk WD, and mechanically joined using the components inherent in the oil palm, increase the mechanical strength, the linearity of the oil palm compacted material It becomes the manufacturing apparatus 200 of the oil palm distortion removal compaction material which improved the.

  The manufacturing method of the oil palm strain-removed compacted material according to the first embodiment includes a step of cutting the oil palm material W cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length as shown in FIG. In order to cut the vascular bundle K extending substantially spirally from the palm trunk WD, a deep groove forming step as shown in FIG. 3 in which a deep groove M is formed from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W, and an oil palm in which the deep groove M is formed A forced drying process in which the material W is forcibly dried by the oil palm drying device 100, and the surface of the oil palm material W is heated by the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, and the hydraulic cylinders 81, 82, 83, 84 and 85, a hot plate heating and compression process comprising steps S42 to S44 for applying a compressive force, and a hot plate heating and compression means comprising steps S42 to S44. After feeding-up S45 to compressive forces consisting of step S49, the one in which comprises a hot plate cooling Kai圧 process pressure cooling solution by lowering the temperature of the oil palm material W to a predetermined temperature.

  The manufacturing method of the oil palm strain-removed compacted material according to Embodiment 1 described above is a method of cutting out the oil palm material W cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length, and extending the oil palm trunk WD in a substantially spiral shape. The pipe bundle K is cut to form a deep groove M from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W. The oil palm material W formed with the deep groove M is forcibly dried by the oil palm drying device 100, and the surface of the oil palm material W Is heated with hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, a compression force is applied with pistons 81b, 82b, 83b, 84b, 85b, heating and a compression force are supplied for a predetermined time, and then oil palm material W The temperature is lowered to a predetermined temperature and the pressure is cooled and decompressed.

Therefore, the oil palm material W is cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness and length, and at this time, the oil palm trunk W is cut with respect to the oil palm material W so as to cut the vascular bundle K extending in a spiral shape. Since the deep groove M is formed, the circumferential force of the vascular bundle K formed spirally in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD is cut, and the strong expansion and contraction force by the vascular bundle K is cut off. Moreover, since the drying of the oil palm material W is started simultaneously from the inside and the surface, even if the oil palm material W is thick or a columnar shape such as a quadrangular column, distortions such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Then, in the state which forcedly dried the oil palm material W which formed the said deep groove, the surface of the oil palm material W is heated with the hot plate 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, and piston 81b, 82b, 83b, After applying compressive force at 84b and 85b and supplying the heating force and compressive force for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means comprising steps S42 to S44, the temperature of the oil palm material W is set to a predetermined temperature at steps S45 to S49. The internal palm is removed and fixed to maintain the compressed state of the oil palm material W by lowering the pressure until it is cooled and decompressed, so that even if the oil palm plate is thick or columnar, it can be twisted. As a result, distortion such as distortion is corrected, and a columnar building material such as a thick oil palm board or quadrangular column is obtained.
Therefore, without discarding the oil palm trunk WD, mechanically joined using the components inherent to oil palm, increase the mechanical strength, linearity of the oil palm compacted material It becomes the manufacturing method of the oil palm distortion removal compaction material which improved the.

  The oil palm strain-removed compacted material of the first embodiment includes an oil palm material W cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length, and a vascular bundle K that extends the oil palm trunk WD in a substantially spiral shape. In order to cut the oil palm material W, a deep groove M formed from a specific surface and the oil palm material W formed with the deep groove M are dried, and the surface of the dried oil palm material W is heated to a hot plate 80, Heat is applied by 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, compression force is applied by pistons 81b, 82b, 83b, 84b, 85b, heating and compression force are supplied for a predetermined time in steps S42 to S44, and then steps S45 to S45 are performed. In step S49, the temperature of the oil palm material W is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed.

  The oil palm strain-removed compacted material of the first embodiment is obtained by forming a deep groove M from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness, and length. Therefore, the circumferential force of the vascular bundle K spirally formed in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD is cut, the expansion / contraction force is cut off, and the drying of the oil palm material W is performed from the inside and the surface. At the same time, even if the oil palm material W is thick or columnar, distortion such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Therefore, the oil palm material W in which the deep groove M is formed is forcibly dried by the oil palm drying device 100, the surface of the oil palm material W is heated by the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, and the piston 81b, 82b, 83b, 84b, 85b, compressive force is applied, and after heating and compressing force is supplied for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means comprising steps S42 to S44, the temperature of the oil palm material W is determined in steps S45 to S49. By fixing by lowering the temperature to a predetermined temperature and cooling and decompressing, even if the oil palm material W is thick or a columnar shape such as a square pillar, distortion such as twisting and distortion is corrected, and a thick oil palm board or A columnar building material is obtained.

  In the oil palm strain-removed compacted material of the first embodiment, the deep groove M formed on the surface of the oil palm material W has a depth reaching the core cut perpendicularly to the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD. Any one of 1 to 4 is used for the surface. And since the deep groove M formed in the surface of the oil palm material W is the depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the oil palm trunk WD cut | disconnected perpendicularly | vertically to the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD, the oil palm trunk WD The center area A can be dried from the beginning, and a well-balanced drying is started.

  The deep grooves M formed on a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W of the oil palm strain-relieving compaction material of the above-described embodiment face one to four, for example, one on one surface, with respect to the entire surface. A total of two cores cut in a vertical direction in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD. Since the depth reaches the region, one of four to four deep grooves M is provided for the entire surface according to the distortion factor of the oil palm trunk WD itself. , From one per square prism to deep grooves M perpendicular to each surface, the depth to the core of the oil palm trunk WD is exactly the distance to the center of the core Does not mean that, it straddles the center of the core of the oil palm trunk WD and hangs in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD. One-third or more of the depth of the diameter of the cut oil palm stem WD to. For example, since it is within ± 50 mm from the center of the core of the oil palm trunk WD, a groove can be formed particularly at a position where the center moisture content is 400% or more. It can be started and drying can be performed simultaneously on the outside and inside of the oil palm trunk WD, and the amount of distortion can be reduced.

Powder obtained from the oil palm trunk WD is attached to the deep groove M formed on a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W of the oil palm strain-removing compacted material of the first embodiment.
Therefore, since the powder obtained from the oil palm trunk WD is attached to the deep groove M formed on a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material W, the lignin containing the opening of the deep groove M itself is contained in the oil palm itself. Due to the compressive force when being joined by the action of a resin component such as cellulose and saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose, there is almost no void in the oil palm material W, and a dense tissue joined body can be obtained.

  The oil palm strain-removing compacted material of the second embodiment is made of wood other than oil palm, for example, camellia, cedar, rice bran, camellia leaf, rice cedar, Karamatsu, red pine, chestnut, chestnut, straw, camellia, cherry, straw, A core material P formed from a heel or the like and extending in a specific direction and disposed on the peripheral surface of the core material P, and a vascular bundle K extending substantially spirally through the oil palm trunk WD is cut to have a predetermined width, thickness, and length. The heated oil palm material W and the surfaces of the dried core material P and oil palm material W are heated by hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, and the pistons 81b, 82b, 83b, After applying compression force at 84b and 85b and supplying heating and compression force for a predetermined time in steps S42 to S44, the temperature of the core material P and the oil palm material W is lowered to a predetermined temperature in steps S45 to S49. The cooling pressure is released and fixed. It is.

  The oil palm strain-removed compacted material of the second embodiment is formed of wood other than oil palm, and is disposed on the core material P extending in a specific direction and the peripheral surface of the core material P, and the oil palm trunk WD is substantially spiral. The vascular bundle K extending in a shape is cut to dry the oil palm material W, the core material P and the oil palm material W, which are formed to a predetermined width, thickness and length, and the dried core material P and oil palm are dried. The surface of the material W is heated by the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a to apply the compression force of the pistons 81b, 82b, 83b, 84b, 85b, and the heating and compression force for a predetermined time in steps S42 to S44. In step S45 to step S49, the temperature of the core material and the oil palm material W is lowered to a predetermined temperature and the cooling pressure is released.

Therefore, the oil palm material W is cut out from the oil palm trunk WD with a predetermined width, thickness and length around the core material P formed from wood other than oil palm and extending in a specific direction, and the oil palm trunk WD is abbreviated. Since the vascular bundle K extending in a spiral shape is cut, the oil palm material W is cut out with a predetermined width, thickness and length, and the oil palm material W is joined to the core material P. Since the circumferential force of the vascular bundle K formed spirally in the length direction is cut, the strong expansion and contraction force by the vascular bundle K is cut off, and the oil palm material W can be individually dried. Even if the palm material W is thick or has a columnar shape such as a square column, distortion such as twisting and distortion can be ignored. Further, the surface of the forcedly dried oil palm material W is heated with a hot plate to give a compressive force, and after heating and compressing force is supplied for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means comprising steps S42 to S44, the step In S45 to S49, the temperature of the oil palm material W is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed to correct distortion such as twisting and distortion even if the oil palm material W is thick or columnar. A thick oil palm material W or a columnar building material is obtained.
Therefore, without discarding the oil palm trunk WD, mechanically joined using the components inherent to oil palm, increase the mechanical strength, linearity of the oil palm compacted material It becomes the manufacturing method of the oil palm distortion removal compaction material which improved the.

The powder obtained from the oil palm trunk WD is adhered to the periphery of the core material P of the oil palm strain-removing compacted material of the second embodiment.
Therefore, since the powder obtained from the oil palm trunk WD is attached around the core material P, the powder obtained from the oil palm trunk WD is adhered around the core material P in the state of being consolidated. Since it is processed, it becomes a replenishment of a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm itself and a component bonded by the action of sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, so that a dense tissue-bonded body can be obtained.

The core material P of the oil palm strain-removed compacted material according to the above embodiment can be compacted only with the core material P before the dried oil palm material W is compacted.
The core material P of the oil palm strain-removing compacted material is obtained by consolidating only the core material P before the oil palm material W is compacted, and then the surfaces of the dried core material P and the oil palm material W are formed. After heating with the hot plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a, applying the compression force of the pistons 81b, 82b, 83b, 84b, 85b and supplying the heating force and the compression force for a predetermined time in steps S42 to S44, In step S45 to step S49, the temperature of the core material P and the oil palm material W is lowered to a predetermined temperature and cooled and decompressed. Therefore, before the oil palm material W is compacted, only the core material P is first used. When being compacted, the core material P is hardly changed by an external force, and only the surrounding oil palm material W is changed. Therefore, even if the oil palm material W is thick, even if it is a pillar shape such as a square pillar, the core material P is compacted. Uniform heat and compressive force are applied to the object, and balanced compaction processing becomes possible.

The core material P of the oil palm distortion-removed compacted material of the second embodiment is obtained by simultaneously compacting the dried core material P and the oil palm material W.
Therefore, since the core material P and the surrounding oil palm material W are changed, even if the oil palm material W is thick or a columnar shape such as a square column, uniform heat and compression force are applied to the object to be consolidated, and the balance is improved. It is possible to perform compaction processing. In this way, when the core material P is compacted simultaneously with the compacting of the oil palm material W, the adhesive force between the core material P and the oil palm material W can be increased.

  By the way, even when oil palm material W near the soft core with a high moisture content is used, the strength can be increased by compaction processing, or by performing temperature and compression control in compaction processing, Excess water can be discharged almost simultaneously, and the water vapor pressure of the oil palm material W is uniformly and suitably adjusted, so that bulge deformation after compression processing is also suppressed. Accordingly, sufficient heat compression is performed, the difference in specific gravity between the woods is reduced, and the difference in the dimensional change rate after commercialization is also reduced, so that the stability of the dimensional shape after commercialization is increased. It can be used as an oil palm strain-removed compact with sufficient strength and stable dimensional shape. Therefore, effective utilization of the whole trunk of oil palm can be aimed at.

  As described above, the oil palm strain-removed compacted material according to the present embodiment is made of a soft oil palm trunk WD that has a high water content and is compacted, so that not only the surface but also the strength and hardness of the entire plate thickness are large. It is expected to be used in a wide range of applications such as flooring materials, waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, and housing exterior materials that are used after surface coating. In particular, since the surface hardness is increased by compaction processing and sufficient strength and hardness can be ensured even if the thickness is small, the thickness can be reduced in commercialization.

  Moreover, since the joining force is changed by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself depending on the applied temperature and pressure, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and pressure. And in what forms the laminated plywood PW by joining a plurality of oil palm materials W with a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself, other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are used as adhesives. Because it is not, it can be returned to nature and will not cause pollution problems.

Furthermore, since the oil palm trunk WD itself contains a resin component such as lignin and the compressive force when joined by the action of sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the oil palm material W is almost free of voids and becomes a dense structure. It is water-resistant and has excellent waterproofing and insect-proofing properties, and even if used as a building material, it has a long service life.
In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose, and it is unclear how much they interfere with each other when the oil palm trunk WD is naturally cultivated. However, it was confirmed that by raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature, for example, 80 ° C. or more of the reaction start temperature of lignin, the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose was 60 ° C. or more, and they reacted with each other to become firm characteristics.

  The oil palm strain removal compaction material of the above-described embodiment, when the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm material W are insufficient, is obtained by adding an adhesive to the object to be joined and bonding the desired oil palm strain. A removal compaction material is manufactured. Therefore, since the adhesive is used when the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm material W are insufficient, the use of the formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, An oil palm distortion-removed consolidated material using the components it has is obtained.

  The oil palm strain-removed compacted material of the above embodiment is a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm material W for joining the compacted oil palm material W shown in the second embodiment of FIG. Oil palm material on the joint surface around the core material P made of any one of sardines, cedars, rice sardines, persimmon leaves, rice cedars, Karamatsu, red pine, chestnuts, persimmons, persimmons, persimmons, cherry blossoms, persimmons, persimmons In addition to the resin component and sugar component contained in W, the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm material W are used in the case where other adhesive is added. Any one or more pieces can be joined firmly, so the use of formaldehyde-based adhesives that cause sick house syndrome is suppressed, and oil palm distortion removal using components inherent in oil palm is eliminated. A consolidated material is obtained.

  In addition, since the bonding force can be changed by the action of resin components such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, depending on the applied temperature and compressive force, the control of the applied temperature and compressive force is possible. Arbitrary adhesive strength can be obtained. Since a plurality of oil palm materials W are joined by the action of resin components such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the laminated plywood PW is formed. Since resin and synthetic rubber are not used as adhesives, they can be returned to nature without causing pollution problems. Furthermore, since the oil palm trunk WD itself contains a resin component such as lignin and the compressive force when joined by the action of sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the oil palm material W is almost free of voids and becomes a dense structure. It is water-resistant and has excellent waterproofing and insect-proofing properties, and even if used as a building material, it has a long service life.

  Since the moisture content after drying of the oil palm material W of the present embodiment is in the range of 10% to 30%, cracks, deformation, swelling, rupture and the like are prevented. Therefore, more stable dimensional shape is ensured and the yield is high. Moreover, when the moisture content is in a dry state within the range of 10% to 30%, it is also suitable for joining with lauan wood, china wood, conifer wood and the like.

  Since the heating temperature in the heating process consisting of the above steps S42 to S44 is in the range of 110 ° C. to 170 ° C., immobilization failure in wood compaction, poor joining between wood, surface carbonization, material strength It is possible to prevent material deterioration such as lowering of the thickness. Moreover, when the heating temperature is in the range of 110 ° C. to 170 ° C., it is also suitable for joining with Lauan, China, softwood, and the like.

  Since the predetermined compression pressure by the compression process consisting of step S40 and step S41 is in the range of 0.1 MPa to 10 MPa, immobilization failure in the consolidation process, poor bonding between wood, and generation of surface cracks. Can be prevented. It was confirmed that there was no problem in joining with Lauan, China, conifers, etc.

  The time required for the heating process in step S35 and the compression process in steps S38 and S39 in the manufacturing process of the oil palm strain-removed compacted material is within the range of 10 minutes to 120 minutes. It can prevent poor bonding between wood and carbonization of the surface. It has been confirmed by the inventors' experiment that there is no problem in joining with Lauan boards, Chinese boards, coniferous boards, and the like.

The core material of the oil palm strain-removed consolidated material as the strain-removed consolidated material of the above-described embodiment is formed by first compacting only the core material before the oil palm material is consolidated, and then the dried After heating the surface of the core material and the oil palm material with a hot plate, applying a compressive force, and supplying the heat and compressive force for a predetermined time, the temperature of the core material and the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature. The pressure is reduced by cooling.
Here, the core material and the oil palm material may be individually dried or simultaneously dried. Before the consolidation process, only the core material needs to be consolidated first.

The core material of the oil palm strain removing compacted material as the strain removing compacted material is composed of only the core material prior to compacting the oil palm material, and then the dried core material and the dried core material. After heating the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate, applying a compressive force, supplying the heating force and compressive force for a predetermined time, the temperature of the core material and the oil palm material is lowered to a predetermined temperature, and the cooling pressure is released. Therefore, if only the core material is consolidated before the oil palm material is compacted, the core material is hardly changed by an external force, and only the surrounding oil palm plate is changed. Therefore, even if the oil palm plate is thick or a columnar shape such as a quadrangular column, uniform heat and compression force are applied to the object to be consolidated, and a balanced consolidation process is possible.

The core material of the oil palm strain removing compacted material as the strain removing compacted material of the above embodiment is obtained by simultaneously compacting the dried core material and the oil palm material.
Here, the core material and the oil palm material may be individually dried or simultaneously dried. What is necessary is just to perform the consolidation process on the core material and the oil palm material at the same time when performing the consolidation process.

Since the core material of the oil palm strain removal compaction material as the strain removal compaction material is a material that simultaneously compacts the core material and the oil palm material, the core material and the surrounding oil palm plate change. Therefore, even if the oil palm plate is thick or a columnar shape such as a quadrangular column, uniform heat and compression force are applied to the object to be consolidated, and a balanced consolidation process is possible. Thus, if the said core material is also densified simultaneously with the said oil palm material, the adhesive force of the said core material and the said oil palm material can be raised.

WD Oil palm trunk W, W1,..., W4 Oil palm materials M, M1,..., M4 Deep groove P Core material 71 Dielectric heating source 73 Dielectric heating furnace 74 Pedestal 75-1,. Table plates 80, 81a, 82a, 83a, 84a, 85a Hot plates 81b, 82b, 83b, 84b, 85b Pistons 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 Hydraulic cylinder 100 Oil palm drying device 200 manufacturing device

Claims (7)

A cutting means for cutting out the oil palm material with a predetermined width, thickness and length from the oil palm trunk;
A deep groove forming means for forming a deep groove from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material in order to cut a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally from the oil palm trunk;
Forced drying means for forcibly drying the oil palm material forming the deep groove;
A hot plate heating and compression means for heating the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate and applying a compressive force;
And a hot plate cooling and depressurizing means for lowering the temperature of the oil palm material to a predetermined temperature and cooling and depressurizing after supplying the heating and compressing force for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means. Strain-removal compacted material manufacturing equipment. Cutting out the oil palm material cut out from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness, and length,
A deep groove forming step in which a deep groove is formed from a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material in order to cut a vascular bundle extending substantially spirally from the oil palm trunk;
A forced drying step of forcibly drying the oil palm material forming the deep groove;
A hot plate heating and compressing step of heating the surface of the oil palm material with a hot plate and applying a compressive force;
And a hot plate cooling and decompressing step of cooling and decompressing the oil palm material by lowering the temperature of the oil palm material to a predetermined temperature after supplying the heating and compressing force for a predetermined time by the hot plate heating and compressing means. A method for producing a strain-removed consolidated material. An oil palm material, which is cut out from the oil palm trunk with a predetermined width, thickness and length and has a deep groove formed on a specific surface to cut the vascular bundle extending in a substantially spiral shape of the oil palm trunk, is compacted. distortion removal compaction material characterized by comprising.   The deep groove formed in the surface of the oil palm material has a depth of 1/3 or more of the diameter of the oil palm trunk cut perpendicularly to the length direction of the oil palm trunk, and is one for the entire surface. The strain-relief compacted material according to claim 3, wherein any one of thru four is used.   The strain-removed consolidated material according to claim 3 or 4, wherein powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is adhered to a deep groove formed on a specific surface with respect to the oil palm material. A core material formed from wood other than oil palm and extending in a specific direction, and a predetermined width, thickness, and length by cutting a vascular bundle that is arranged on the peripheral surface of the core material and extends substantially spirally through the oil palm trunk. A strain-removed compacted material, which is formed by compacting an oil palm material formed on the sheath. The strain-removed consolidated material according to claim 6, wherein powder obtained from the oil palm trunk is adhered to the periphery of the core material.

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