JP6014396B2 - Laminated plywood - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a laminated plywood using an adhesive obtained from oil palm (oil palm), which is a kind of palm, and relates to a laminated plywood using an oil palm thin plate formed by peeling off oil palm. It is. This laminated plywood can be used for building floor materials and wall materials, building materials such as partition materials, furniture materials, ships including boats, other indoor and outdoor decks and playground equipment, exterior and interior of vehicle body bodies It is.
In general, “board” is described as “thin timber thin and flat” or “thin metal or stone thin and flat” according to Kojien, but here, oil palm is made of wood. Although it does not have properties, it has properties close to bamboo, but in oil palm, “thinly flat” is called “thin plate”. Moreover, since there is no term which calls the material of an oil palm in detail, it shall treat like the wood.

  In general, an oil palm tree consists of a single trunk and reaches a height of 10 to 20 m or more. The leaves are wing-shaped and about 3-5 m long, about 30 young trees a year, and about 20 new trees grow over 10 years old. The flower is composed of 3 petals and 3 cocoons, each of which forms a small but dense group, and it takes about 6 months from fruiting until the fruit ripens. The fruit consists of a fleshy flesh (medium peel) with a lot of oil and one seed that is also rich in oil, and the weight of the fruit is about 40-50 kg per bunch.

  It has been cultivated in plantations in Southeast Asia since the latter half of the 19th century. Palm oil, a vegetable oil that can be extracted from oil palm, is more productive and cheaper than other vegetable oils such as soybeans and rapeseed. Therefore, it is used for foods such as margarine and oil for fried foods. It is also widely used in soaps and cosmetics. In recent years, palm oil has been exported from Southeast Asia such as Malaysia and Indonesia to Japan. Therefore, oil palm sometimes refers to the meaning of fats and oils that can be taken from the pulp and seeds and the trunk of the oil palm itself.

In general, oil palm is a collective term for plants classified into the genus Palmae, and is famous for two types: Elaeis guineensis, native to West Africa, and Elaeis oleifera, native to Latin America. Among the cultivars, there is a hybrid of Guinea oil palm and American oil palm. In particular, oil palm (oil palm), which is a kind of palm used as a raw material for vegetable oils and fats, may be referred to as “oil palm”.
In other words, oil palm takes fats and oils from pulp and seeds, and the amount of fats and oils obtained per unit area is superior to other plants, so large-scale plantations mainly in Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia as commercial crops. Because agriculture is carried out, it may be becoming more prominent to call the oil and fat “oil palm”.
However, in the present invention, it does not mean the oil palm of fats and oils that can be taken from the pulp and seeds, but the trunk of the oil palm itself or the whole plant is called oil palm.

  Patent applications dealing with this oil palm include those disclosed in Patent Document 1 (invention dealing with empty fruit bunch). In patent document 1, the manufacturing method of the building material using oil palm is disclosed. Specifically, after the palm fiber is washed, it is dried so that the dry oil becomes 95%, and the dried palm fiber is broken and cut in units of 1 to 1.5 cm to produce a palm fiber chip. Pulverizing the dried palm fiber with a particle size of 200 mesh, pulverizing bamboo with a particle size of 200 mesh, the palm fiber chip, the palm fiber powder, the bamboo powder, and the bioceramic powder Are prepared in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1 to produce a main raw material, a step of extracting fly ash having a particle size of 200 mesh from coal carbide, a flame inhibitor and a heat resistant resin. A step of producing a binder by mixing and melting a flame retardant resin for curing at a ratio of 1: 1, 20-30% by weight of the produced binder, 50-60% by weight of the mixed main raw material, fly ash 2 A step of mixing -25% by weight of powder and kneading in a high liquid state, a step of passing the bend through a forming part that radiates a temperature of 150 to 200 ° C. and baking it first, and the baked molded product Rolling between a plurality of upper roller groups and lower roller groups that are arranged so that the intervals gradually become narrower toward the rear side and gradually rolling to a thin thickness; A step of freezing at 0 to 4 ° C. while passing through a cooling part composed of a number of upper roller groups and a lower roller group, and a step of cutting the molded product by a unit of a certain length by a blade that is raised and lowered by a cutting cylinder It consists of processes.

  In this patent document 1, not only is it harmless to the human body by using palm fiber as the main raw material, but the palm fiber is cut with 1 to 1.5 cm and used together with palm fiber powder. It becomes a solid building material by acting as a temporary bridge with other contents, and antibacterial and deodorizing functions can be realized by bamboo and bioceramics. Further, generation of far infrared rays and anions can be expected without generating mold. And nonflammable waste material can be recycled and manufacturing cost becomes cheap. Furthermore, since no toxic gas is generated from all the compositions, it is said to be highly safe as a building material.

Further, in Patent Document 2 (invention dealing with empty fruit bunches), the plate-like body or molded body is made by attaching a resin having rubber-like elasticity to the oil palm fibers obtained by defibrating the empty fruit bunches of oil palm. A plate-like body or a molded body obtained by compression molding.
Therefore, the oil palm fiber obtained by defibrating the empty fruit bunch of oil palm has a fiber repellent property because, for example, palm oil adheres to the fiber surface compared to other palm fibers such as coconut palm fiber. The aqueous solution is excellent, and the amount of cellulose and lignin contained in the fiber is relatively large, so that the water resistance is excellent. In addition, the oil palm fiber has a high fiber strength, a large fiber diameter, and a long fiber length as compared with other palm fibers such as a coconut fiber, and therefore has excellent dimensional stability. In addition, since the oil palm fiber has large irregularities on the surface and high bending strength, and the entanglement between the fibers is large, the dimensional stability is also enhanced by this. Therefore, this plate-shaped body or molded body is excellent in dimensional stability during water absorption and moisture absorption.
And since the irregularities on the surface of the oil palm fiber are large, the resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity penetrates into the voids on the surface of the oil palm fiber and solidifies or hardens, which acts like a nail or wedge, so-called anchor effect. Therefore, the oil palm fiber is strongly bonded to the resin having rubber-like elasticity. This is also considered to contribute to the improvement of dimensional stability at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption.

The oil palm fiber is superior in elasticity recovery properties, for example, because the fiber has a large rigidity and strength, a large fiber diameter, and a long fiber length, compared to other palm fibers such as coconut fiber. Yes. Further, the oil palm fiber has high fiber bending strength and large entanglement between the fibers, so that the elastic recovery is improved. And the resin which shows rubber-like elasticity has high elastic recovery property. Therefore, a plate-like body or molded body in which oil palm fibers are connected by a resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity exhibits excellent elastic recovery, good walking feeling and cushioning properties, and good sound insulation.
Since this plate-like body or molded body uses oil palm fiber, less labor is required for defibration, etc., compared to other types of palm fiber, so that manufacturing costs and energy can be reduced, and the product is inexpensive. Become. For example, coconut fiber is immersed in water for a long period of time to soften the coconut shell, and then requires a great deal of energy for a long period of time to be mechanically fibrillated. On the other hand, oil palm defibrates empty fruit bunches that are originally in the form of fibers, so that there is no need for immersion in water, and very little energy is required for defibration. In addition, oil palm fibers have less dusting properties than coconut fibers, and the working environment can be prevented from deteriorating in handling.
Furthermore, since a large gap is formed between the fibers of the oil palm fiber, when a resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity is supplied by spraying or dipping, the resin adheres evenly to all the fibers through the gap, and the strength distribution is A plate state of being uniform is obtained.

And in patent document 3 (invention of an oil palm trunk), the technique of the plywood which made the adhesive penetrate | infiltrate the fiber exposed on the surface of the several single board bonded together with the adhesive agent is disclosed.
The palm plywood according to Patent Document 3 includes a plurality of single plates bonded with a resin adhesive, and at least one of the plurality of single plates is a palm single plate, and the palm single plate A resin adhesive is infiltrated into the palm fiber exposed on the surface. By using a palm veneer that can be manufactured from a palm trunk of inexpensive waste material, the surface is treated with a resin adhesive without using a veneer veneer with relatively good quality as a face and a back. Therefore, plywood is manufactured at low cost.
Moreover, the palm plywood of patent document 3 uses all the single veneers as palm veneers, uses only palm veneers that can be manufactured from palm trunks of inexpensive waste materials, and bonds them together with a resin adhesive. Also good. The resin adhesive permeated into the palm fiber at this time is the same type as the resin adhesive that bonds a plurality of single plates. Since the resin adhesive is the same system, the plywood can be manufactured at low cost. Here, the term “same system” includes the same resin adhesive and a composition whose composition (for example, composition ratio) is changed.

And the palm plywood of patent document 3 makes the palm fiber penetrate | infiltrate a resin adhesive after grind | polishing the surface which makes a palm fiber osmose | permeate a resin adhesive, reduces the palm fiber which protrudes from the plywood surface, and resin to palm fiber. The adhesive is permeated. This plywood manufacturing method includes a step of bonding a plurality of veneers with an adhesive, a step of polishing a surface of the plurality of veneers that allows the adhesive to penetrate into exposed fibers, and a polished surface. Applying adhesive to infiltrate the adhesive into the fiber and drying the adhesive, which makes it possible to use a relatively good quality wood veneer as a face and back without using it Plywood can be manufactured at cost.
Thus, according to Patent Document 3, a plywood, a palm plywood, and a plywood manufacturing method that can be manufactured at a low cost without using a single veneer of a tree having relatively good quality as a face and a back are disclosed. Yes.

JP 2009-166342 A JP-A-10-8696 JP 2011-68015 A

As described above, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 both use oil palm fibers obtained by defibrating empty fruit bunches of oil palm fruits, and do not directly use oil palm trunks. Absent. However, the trunk of the oil palm is 20 m or more in mature wood, and its utilization is desired because it is a volume ratio occupying 90 to 95% of the whole.
Especially in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, oil palm is cultivated for the production of palm oil, but the empty fruit bunch after palm oil collection contains a lot of fiber etc. Is used in various applications such as fiber boards. However, palm trunks that are harvested every year are not used effectively and are currently being disposed of.
Patent Document 3 discloses a process in which at least one outermost single plate is bonded to a palm single plate with a plurality of resin adhesives, and the surface of the palm single plate is a resin adhesive on the exposed palm fibers. Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a plywood, comprising: a step of polishing a surface that impregnates a surface; a step of applying a resin adhesive to the polished surface to infiltrate the resin adhesive into palm fibers; and a step of drying the resin adhesive. ing. However, it is unclear how to apply the resin adhesive to the oil palm veneer or to penetrate the exposed palm fiber, and a specific method for manufacturing plywood Is unknown. At least, it is premised on the use of a resin adhesive in which a single plate of oil palm is bonded with a plurality of resin adhesives.

What is commonly called plywood, lauan plywood called veneer wood, Chinese plywood with cinnawood finished on the surface of the lauan plywood, conifer plywood made of pine, cedar, etc. There is. Lauan plywood has been used for a long time, but formaldehyde-based adhesives are used for the bonding, and the vaporized component is a cause of sick house syndrome that adversely affects the human body. Therefore, not only the shortage of raw materials, but also the formaldehyde adhesive is disliked. The same is true for China plywood because it uses Lauan plywood. In addition, softwood plywood has a problem in that a large number of cracks are formed in the thin plate, and the use of an adhesive must be increased.
Therefore, the presence of a multilayer plywood that suppresses the use of formaldehyde-based adhesives that cause sick house syndrome is desired. In addition, when an adhesive different from a formaldehyde adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is used, the cost increases. Further, even though there is a technique for making a conventional laminated plywood, a technique for increasing the strength of the laminated plywood itself does not exist.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, the mechanical strength of the laminated plywood itself is strengthened, and the use of a formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive laminated plywood using components that are inherently present.

The laminated plywood according to the invention of claim 1 includes an oil palm thin plate made of one or more sheets formed by peeling a predetermined length of an oil palm trunk in a circumferential direction from the outer periphery while rotating the oil palm trunk in a circumferential direction, and a predetermined length. One or more of lauan, china, or coniferous lamina formed by peeling off lauan, china or coniferous trunks in the circumferential direction while peeling off from the outer circumference to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race on the oil palm sheet They are placed facing each other and joined together. A net is disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates.
Here, the one or more oil palm thin plates are thin plates formed by peeling a predetermined length of an oil palm trunk to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating in the circumferential direction. Moreover, since the quantity of the resin component and sugar component which the oil palm thin board in the case of joining is ensured even if it does not use another adhesive agent, it is specified. Of course, since the oil palm thin plate has the ability to be molded into a concave and convex surface opposite to the concave and convex surface, mechanical joining using the molding capability is also included.
Consolidation is a process of compressing a base material such as the oil palm base material by applying a predetermined compressive force under a predetermined temperature condition, and lowering the temperature to a predetermined temperature after a predetermined time has elapsed. This is a process of compressing the base material at a predetermined compression rate by immobilization.
And an oil palm thin board is what made the thickness before a compacting process in the range of 3 mm-35 mm, and the thickness after a thick processing is a thing in the range of 1 mm-12 mm.

By the way, as the trunk of the oil palm, its varieties and production areas are not particularly limited. Usually, the trunk of which fruit productivity has dropped, the trunk of more than 20 years, replanting cultivation and planned cultivation Therefore, a trunk that is scheduled to be discarded is used, but a trunk that is young may be used.
Moreover, the drying method of the thin plate obtained as the oil palm thin plate is not particularly limited, and may be naturally dried or artificially dried, but artificial drying is more expensive. is there.
Here, wood such as Lauan, which is generally used for building materials, forms a secondary xylem composed of cell (dead cell) tissue in which the movement of water and nutrients has stopped, whereas oil palm The trunk of this is composed only of primary tissues of vascular bundles and parenchymal cells, and most of the cells centering on parenchymal cells are living cells in which water and nutrients are actively transferred, so the water content is extremely high. In addition, the oil palm trunk is rich in saccharides (eg, fructose, glucose, fructooligosaccharides, inositol, etc.). For this reason, when the thickness of the oil palm thin plate from the oil palm trunk is large, bacteria such as mold are proliferated and corroded easily by natural drying, and productivity and commercial value are impaired. On the other hand, when artificially drying, the cost becomes high. Therefore, according to the experimental study by the present inventors, by reducing the thickness of the oil palm sheet obtained from the oil palm trunk within the range of 15 mm to 35 mm, the product value and productivity are reduced by bacteria such as mold even in natural drying. It has been confirmed that the cost can be reduced without incurring cost.

Furthermore, laminating a plurality of sheets in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the oil palm thin plate means laminating on a surface perpendicular to the fiber length direction, that is, a surface other than the end face and the end face of the fiber. The layers may be laminated with the same direction, the fiber directions may be perpendicular to each other, and the number of the sheets may be an odd number or an even number. The number of stacked layers may be two or more.
In addition, heating and compressing the entire thickness of the dried oil palm sheet by applying an external force in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction in the heated state means compressing in the stacking direction of the oil palm sheet and at least the mouth end surface This means that the area corresponding to is reduced, that is, the so-called compression direction is specified and compacted. This consolidation process can be formed by, for example, setting the moisture content of the oil palm thin plate to be substantially uniform, heating and compressing under a predetermined condition, and fixing, and this is a predetermined condition at this time. The temperature, pressure, time, compression speed, and the like are determined in advance by experiments or the like using the target compression rate as a parameter.

And the said oil palm thin board was joined by the said compaction process, and the whole air-dry specific gravity is 0.8 or more, and the thin board laminated | stacked on several sheets was joined by the compaction process, without using an adhesive agent. It means that the air-drying specific gravity of the whole laminated wood in the state is 0.8 or more.
Here, the air-dry specific gravity is the specific gravity when the wood is dried in the air, and is usually expressed by the specific gravity when the moisture content is 15%. It is the value which compared the weight of. The larger the value, the heavier, the smaller the lighter.
In addition, the air-drying specific gravity of the entire compacted by compaction processing is 0.8 or more, as a result of repeated experiments by the present inventors, the oil palm thin plate is highly compressed and the air-drying specific gravity is 0.8 or more. As a result, the properties of oil palm are changed and the hardness is remarkably increased, and the physical stability is increased with less variation in physical properties and characteristic values such as strength, hardness, dimensional change rate, and the like. It was set based on knowledge. In other words, it is a characteristic area where the strength and hardness are increased by compression and the variation in physical properties is reduced, indicating that it is a characteristic of compacted wood. In which the air-drying specific gravity does not exceed 0.8 is not included. More preferably, when the air-dry specific gravity is 0.9 or more, the hardness is remarkably increased, and the physical stability is further increased due to less variation in physical properties and characteristic values such as hardness and dimensional change rate. become.
The air-drying specific gravity is ultimately set in consideration of cost, required strength and hardness, etc., but if the compression ratio is too high to increase the air-drying specific gravity, the wood is composed. Since the fiber to be broken is broken and a commercial property is lost, the value of the air-dry specific gravity measured immediately before the crack is generated by high compression becomes the maximum value. That is, the upper limit of the air-dry specific gravity in the present invention is the compression limit of the compacting process, and the maximum value is a finite value. In addition, the numerical value of the air-dry specific gravity is not required to be strict, but is approximate. Naturally, it is an approximate value including an error by measurement or the like, and does not deny an error of several percent.

  What is necessary is just to arrange | position a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates, and to join a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates. In particular, the nets are joined and integrated between the oil palm thin plates, and the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plates at the time of joining from the oil palm thin plates is another adhesion. It is ensured without using any agent.

The laminated plywood according to the invention of claim 2 is made of an oil palm thin plate formed by rotating a predetermined length of an oil palm trunk in the circumferential direction and peeling it to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race, and a predetermined length of lauan or china or conifer. Arrange one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, conifer thin plate formed by peeling the trunk from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness while rotating the trunk in the circumferential direction, facing the oil palm thin plate, Are integrally joined. Also in this case, a net is provided between the oil palm thin plates, and the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates.
Here, any one of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate formed by peeling to a predetermined thickness facing the oil palm thin plate is a predetermined temperature condition using a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate. Below, it may be compressed and fixed, and joined together, or it is pasted using any one of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, softwood thin plate formed by peeling to a predetermined thickness facing the oil palm thin plate and other adhesive They may be combined.

  What is necessary is just to arrange | position a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates, and to join a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates. In particular, the nets are joined and integrated between the oil palm thin plates, and the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plates at the time of joining from the oil palm thin plates is another adhesion. It is ensured without using any agent.

In the laminated plywood according to the invention of claim 3, a plurality of oil palm thin plates formed by peeling a predetermined length of oil palm trunk from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness while rotating the trunk of the oil palm in the circumferential direction, and a predetermined length Lauan or Sina or coniferous trunks in the form of a plate in the length direction of the trunk, one or more of Lauan lamina, China lamina or conifer lamina are arranged facing the oil palm lamina, Are integrally joined. Further, a net is disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates.
Here, the one or more oil palm thin plates are thin plates formed by peeling a predetermined length of an oil palm trunk to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating in the circumferential direction. Moreover, since the quantity of the resin component and sugar component which the oil palm thin board in the case of joining is ensured even if it does not use another adhesive agent, it is specified. Of course, since the oil palm thin plate has the ability to be molded into a concave and convex surface opposite to the concave and convex surface, mechanical joining using the molding capability is also included.

In addition, one or more of Lauan, China, or conifers in which a predetermined length of Lauan or Sina or coniferous trunk is formed in a plate shape in the length direction of the trunk is disposed facing the oil palm thin plate, and The term “integrally joining” refers to joining any one of Lauan, China, and coniferous plates regardless of compression or compression.
What is necessary is just to arrange | position a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates, and to join a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates. In particular, the nets are joined and integrated between the oil palm thin plates, and the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plates at the time of joining from the oil palm thin plates is another adhesion. It is ensured without using any agent.

In the laminated plywood according to the invention of claim 4, a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate are provided for joining one or more oil palm thin plates that are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate and integrally joined. In addition to the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate, other adhesives were used on the joint surface to be integrally joined with one or more of the Lauan thin plate, the China thin plate, or the softwood thin plate. Is.
Here, at least one of the lauan thin plate, the Chinese thin plate, and the softwood thin plate to be joined to the one or more oil palm thin plates is contained in at least the joint surface of the oil palm thin plate. A resin component and a sugar component are used. However, in the case of joining with one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate, the amount of resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate is limited. When trying to increase the strength, it is necessary to use another adhesive. In addition, since the oil palm thin plate has the ability to be formed into an uneven surface opposite to the uneven surface, mechanical joining utilizing the forming ability is also included.

The number of the oil palm thin plates of the laminated plywood according to the invention of claim 5 is larger than the number of the thin plates other than the oil palm.
Here, the number of the oil palm thin plates is larger than the number of the thin plates other than the oil palm means that the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate is 1/2 or less than the conventional amount. It is what.

The net | network arrange | positioned between the said oil palm thin plates of the laminated plywood concerning invention of Claim 6, and joining between the said oil palm thin plates is made into the metal net.
Here, the metal mesh can be any metal that can form a mesh made of stainless steel, brass, iron, or the like.

The net | network arrange | positioned between the said oil palm thin plates of the laminated plywood concerning invention of Claim 7, and joined between the said oil palm thin plates is made into the net | network of a chemical fiber or a vegetable fiber.
Here, the chemical fiber or vegetable fiber net may be any net that can be integrated in a state where the net is not clearly defined. In the case of chemical fiber, it is necessary to use one having a melting temperature higher than the joining temperature between the oil palm thin plates.

The laminated plywood according to claim 1 includes one or more oil palm thin plates formed by peeling a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm in a circumferential direction while rotating it in a circumferential direction, and a predetermined length of lauan or china or One or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, or coniferous thin plate formed by peeling a coniferous trunk in the circumferential direction while rotating it in the circumferential direction with a predetermined thickness facing the oil palm thin plate. They are placed, compressed, fixed and joined together.
Therefore, since one or more oil palm thin plates are compressed and fixed simultaneously with the net and integrally joined, a multilayer plywood joined with natural products using the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate is obtained. can get. Particularly, since one or more nets are disposed between the oil palm thin plates and one or more nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates, the nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates. Since the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates is ensured without using another adhesive, It is easy to join the thin plate and the net, and even if the oil palm thin plate is to be bent, the net does not expand or contract corresponding to the bend, so it can be provided as a means for preventing the bending. Moreover, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, bending is less likely to occur on the surface on which the oil palm thin plates are laminated.
Therefore, the mechanical strength of the laminated plywood itself is increased, and the use of formaldehyde adhesives that cause sick house syndrome is suppressed. can get.

The laminated plywood according to claim 2 includes one or more oil palm thin plates formed by peeling a predetermined length of oil palm trunk from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness while rotating a trunk of the oil palm in the circumferential direction, and a predetermined length of lauan or A lauan thin plate formed by peeling a trunk of a Chinese or coniferous tree in a circumferential direction while rotating it in a circumferential direction to a predetermined thickness, or one or more of a Chinese thin plate or a softwood thin plate facing the oil palm thin plate Are arranged and joined together.
Therefore, at least one oil palm thin plate that has been compacted and one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate are placed facing the oil palm thin plate, and they are joined together. Therefore, when the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm sheet are insufficient, an adhesive is added and bonded to one or more of Lauan sheet, China sheet, and conifer sheet. Thus, a desired laminated plywood is obtained.

Since one or more nets are arranged between the oil palm thin plates, and one or more nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates, the nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates, and integrated Therefore, since the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates is ensured without using other adhesives, the oil palm thin plate and Joining with a net is easy, and even if the oil palm thin plate is going to bend, the net does not expand or contract corresponding to the bend, so it can be provided as a means for preventing bending. Moreover, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, bending is less likely to occur on the surface on which the oil palm thin plates are laminated.
Therefore, the mechanical strength of the laminated plywood itself is increased, and the use of formaldehyde adhesives that cause sick house syndrome is suppressed. can get.

The laminated plywood according to claim 3 includes one or more oil palm thin plates formed by peeling a predetermined length of oil palm trunk from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness while rotating a trunk of the oil palm in the circumferential direction, and a predetermined length of lauan or One or more of lauan, china, or conifers with a trunk of a china or coniferous tree formed in the length direction of the trunk is placed facing the oil palm sheet, and they are joined together. is there.
Therefore, at least one oil palm thin plate that has been subjected to consolidation processing and one or more plate members of lauan, china, or conifer are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate, and they are joined together. From the above, when the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate are insufficient, by adding an adhesive to one or more joining objects of Lauan, China, or coniferous trees, A laminated plywood is obtained.

Since one or more nets are arranged between the oil palm thin plates, and one or more nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates, the nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates, and integrated Therefore, since the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates is ensured without using other adhesives, the oil palm thin plate and Joining with a net is easy, and even if the oil palm thin plate is going to bend, the net does not expand or contract corresponding to the bend, so it can be provided as a means for preventing bending. Moreover, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, bending is less likely to occur on the surface on which the oil palm thin plates are laminated.
Therefore, the mechanical strength of the laminated plywood itself is increased, and the use of formaldehyde adhesives that cause sick house syndrome is suppressed. can get.

  5. The laminated plywood according to claim 4, wherein one or more oil palm thin plates that are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate and integrally joined are used as a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate, In addition to the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate, other adhesives are added to the joint surface that is integrally joined to one or more of the thin plate, the Chinese thin plate, or the softwood thin plate. In addition to the effects of claim 2 or claim 3, the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate are used for joining one or more oil palm thin plates. Or, one or more of the softwood sheets can be firmly joined, so the use of formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, and oil palm is Laminated plywood obtained utilizing to have components.

In the laminated plywood according to claim 5, since the number of the oil palm thin plates is larger than the number of the thin plates other than the oil palm, in addition to the effect according to one of claims 2 to 4. In comparison with at least conventional laminated plywood, the use of formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome can be suppressed to ½ or less.

  Since the net | network arrange | positioned between the said oil palm thin plates of the laminated plywood concerning invention of Claim 6 and joining between the said oil palm thin plates is a wire net | network, 1 of Claims 1 thru | or 5 In addition to the effects described above, the molding temperature can be arbitrarily set. Also, the mechanical strength is increased.

  Since the net | network arrange | positioned between the said oil palm thin plates of the laminated plywood concerning invention of Claim 7 and joining between the said oil palm thin plates is made into the net | network of a chemical fiber or a vegetable fiber, Claim 1 In addition to the effect of one of claims 6 to 6, the use of a net of chemical fibers or plant fibers can be made inconspicuous. Also, the mechanical strength is increased. In the case of chemical fibers, if they are bonded at the bonding temperature between the oil palm thin plates and the melting temperature of the chemical fibers, a strong integration is possible due to a synergistic effect.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a thin plate manufacturing process using a rotary race in the method for joining oil palm thin plates according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a lamination positional relationship between a thin plate and a net for forming a laminated plywood according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a method of laminating a thin plate and a net for obtaining a laminated plywood according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a combined state (a), a laminated state (b), and a compressed state (c) of the laminated plywood according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a compacted material manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a laminated plywood according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams for producing the laminated plywood according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of the supply of unprocessed wood as a raw material, FIG. (c) is an explanatory diagram according to a sealed heating compression start state, (d) is an explanatory diagram of a vapor pressure control process according to a sealed heating compression state, (e) is an explanatory diagram according to a sealed cooling state, and (f) is a compacted wood ( It is explanatory drawing of taking-out of a consolidation work material. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a frame used in the method for manufacturing a laminated plywood according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view (a) and a sectional view (b) taken along a cutting line AA. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a laminated plywood according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a method of laminating a thin plate and a net for obtaining a laminated plywood according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of laminating thin plates and nets for forming a laminated plywood according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, where (a) is a plywood, (b) is a leg of a joining component, and (c) is an integral piece. It is the formed oil palm molding. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of laminating a thin plate and a net for obtaining a laminated plywood according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a method of laminating thin plates and nets to obtain a laminated plywood according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that, in the embodiments, the same symbols and the same reference numerals in the drawings are the same or corresponding functional parts, and therefore, redundant description thereof is omitted here.

[Embodiment]
First, when the oil palm trunk WD used in the embodiment of the present invention is cut so that the wood grain and the grid are made, the fibers (vascular bundles) are arranged in a grid pattern. That is, there are no annual rings like Japanese timber and cedar, and 0.4 to 1.2 mm vascular fibers extend in the length direction of the oil palm trunk WD like tatami mats.
The components of oil palm trunk WD are slightly different depending on the place of production, but the difference is slight, generally 30.6% by weight of cellulose, 33.2% by weight of hemicellulose, lignin (total lignin 28.5% by weight = Klarson lignin 24.7% by weight + acid-soluble lignin (3.8% by weight), extracted component 3.6% by weight, ash content 4.1% by weight, Characterization in Chemical Composition of the Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) (Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, 87, 383-388 (2008)).
Between the visible fibers of 0.4 to 1.2 mm, that is, between the vascular bundle, the resin component such as lignin, sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, and a small number of pores are united.

The formation of the oil palm thin plate constituting the laminated plywood according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The oil palm thin plate W cuts a single trunk that has grown for more than 20 years as an oil palm trunk WD of a predetermined length, and sets it in a device called a rotary race that performs peeling in the circumferential direction similar to wig removal of a radish. . Then, the oil palm trunk WD is rotated to perform circumferential stripping with the blade CT. This is a thin plate process in which a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD is peeled off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race while being rotated in the circumferential direction to form a plurality of oil palm thin plates W.

As shown in FIG. 1, the center of the oil palm trunk WD is rotated so as to be an axis, and a cutter CT having a predetermined width is applied to the outer peripheral side thereof, and a continuous thin plate UWD is formed by so-called stripping similar to wig stripping. . That is, the oil palm trunk WD is cut out from a continuous thin plate, ie, a continuous thin plate UWD, with a predetermined thickness like radish wig peeling. The continuous thin plate UWD is cut to a predetermined length and dried to produce an oil palm thin plate W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness.
Oil palm leaves, empty fruit bunches, roots, and the like are cut into chips and treated by an organic waste fermentation treatment method in which they are composted (composted) by aerobic bacteria treatment. In particular, empty fruit bunches may be subjected to other practical treatments. Moreover, it may grind | pulverize finely and may extract components, such as a cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.

  Usually, drying is started when the continuous thin plate UWD is peeled off. However, drying may be performed after cutting the number of units to make a predetermined laminated plywood PW. In general, since the cutting is performed by a flow operation, it is desirable to start drying at the time when the continuous thin plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD from the viewpoint of ensuring the drying time. This drying process is a drying process after five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are cut so as to overlap the pre-pressing multilayer material NW for creating the laminated plywood PW. If it exists, it is desirable because chips at the end of the continuous thin plate UWD are difficult to be produced, but there is no significant difference after the time when the continuous thin plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD. In any case, the process of drying these oil palm thin plates W is a drying process.

The oil palm sheet W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness is further cut as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and five oil palm sheets W1,. .., W5 (specially, when the number of oil palm thin plates W is not intended, it may be simply referred to as oil palm thin plate W) is cut.
The process of FIG. 1 is not different for a predetermined length of Lauan or Sina or conifer trunk. A Lawan thin plate, a Chinese thin plate, or a coniferous thin plate formed by peeling a lauan, a Chinese or coniferous trunk in a circumferential direction while rotating it in the circumferential direction is formed by the same process.

Usually, drying is started when the continuous thin plate UWD is peeled off. However, drying may be performed after cutting the number of units to make a predetermined laminated plywood PW. In general, since the cutting is performed by a flow operation, it is desirable to start drying at the time when the continuous thin plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD from the viewpoint of ensuring the drying time. This drying process is a drying process after five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are cut so as to overlap the pre-pressing multilayer material NW for creating the laminated plywood PW. If it exists, it is desirable because chips at the end of the continuous thin plate UWD are difficult to be produced, but there is no significant difference after the time when the continuous thin plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD. In any case, the process of drying these oil palm thin plates W is a drying process.
The oil palm sheet W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness is further cut as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and five oil palm sheets W1,. .., W5 (specially, when the number of the oil palm thin plates W is not intended), W5 is simply cut.

Further, the metal lath M1 and metal lath M2, which are known as wire meshes, are cut off from the five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 in the same manner as the outer diameter of the oil palm thin plates W1,. A thing is piled up on the upper surface of the oil palm sheet W2 and the oil palm sheet W4. The metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are obtained by cutting a wound material into a predetermined size, and the cutting may be performed in another place or just before lamination. When the continuous thin plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD, the metal lath may be overlapped with the continuous thin plate UWD and simultaneously cut to form the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2. Alternatively, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 cut at different places may be stacked on the upper surfaces of the cut oil palm thin plate W2 and oil palm thin plate W4.
In the present embodiment, description will be made on the premise that the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are used as the wire mesh. In any case, it is desirable that the net used here is formed thin, and that having mechanical strength is desirable.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a total of 5 sheets of oil palm thin plates W1,. An example of NW will be described.
The multilayer material NW before pressurization includes oil palm thin plates W1, W3, W5 having short sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD that has been peeled off the oil palm trunk WD described with reference to FIG. The thin plates W2 and W4 having long sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD shown in b) and the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 placed on the upper surface thereof are laminated.
The outer shapes of the five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness may be formed by cutting, or may be formed by cutting a fine tooth saw. Any of the properties of oil palm may be used, but cutting is more efficient from the viewpoint of workability. The metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are preferably formed by cutting.

In the present embodiment, oil palm thin plates W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD from which the oil palm trunk WD has been peeled off, and thin plates W2, W4 with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD are provided. Although formed with two types of rotary races, it may be set such that five oil palm thin plates W1,.
Further, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are formed by cutting. As a result, the arrangement of the laths with the oil palm thin plates W1,. It only needs to be completed.

In any case, as shown in FIG. 3, the oil palm thin plates W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD and the oil palm thin plates W2, W4 with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD are connected to each other. What is necessary is just to load the multilayer material NW before pressurization so that the length direction of the fiber intersects. Further, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 formed by cutting do not have to be disposed on the upper surfaces of the oil palm thin plates W2 and W4, but any position in the oil palm thin plates W1,. One sheet, two sheets, or three sheets may be disposed on the surface.
Of course, the oil palm thin plates W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD and the oil palm thin plates W2, W4 with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD shown in FIG. Can be combined with two oil palm thin plates W with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD and three oil palm thin plates W with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous thin plate UWD. .

Five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are cut and humidity is adjusted until the multi-layered material NW before pressurization is aligned as shown in FIG. It is necessary to dry the hot air of low temperature on both sides of the oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and thickness. Since the five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 are dried before being sent to the production line in which five oil palm thin plates W1,. In the dried state, as shown in FIG. 4A, it can be laminated as a multilayer material NW before pressurization. In order to maintain this laminated state, in order to prevent the spread of the oil palm sheet W in the surface direction, a frame body 20 that positions each side of the five oil palm sheets W1,..., W5 (see FIG. 7). Alternatively, it is desirable to set the positioning hole 18 (see FIG. 5). For the sake of simplicity, FIGS. 5 and 6 will be described with reference to the case of the positioning hole 18.
A process of laminating a plurality of oil palm thin plates W, metal laths M1, and metal laths M2 dried in the drying process in a predetermined state is called a laminating process.

  The positioning hole 18 has its outer diameter matched to the outer shape of the oil palm thin plate W, and the five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 and the two metal laths M1 and M2 are placed in the positioning hole 18. Placed. Then, the upper press panel 10A and the lower press are controlled while the positioning holes 18 restrict the oil palm thin plates W heated by the heating process from extending in the parallel direction along the surface of the oil palm thin plate W. The board 10B is compression-molded for a predetermined time by applying a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the oil palm sheet W. Although not shown, the five oil palm thin plates W 1,..., W 5 and the metal laths M 1 and M 2 are compressed in the positioning hole 18. The surface of the upper press panel 10A for pressing the five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 and the metal laths M1, M2 is on the upper surface of the five oil palm thin plates W1,. Are equal. Naturally, the bottom surfaces of the five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 and the metal laths M1, M2 have the same dimensions so that they can be fitted to the lower press panel 10B.

First, a method for directly molding the laminated plywood PW in FIG. 4B from the pre-pressing multilayer material NW in FIG. 4A will be described.
Here, the consolidated laminated plywood PW shown in FIG. 4 (b) is a laminate formed as a multilayer material NW before pressurization and compressed by applying a predetermined compression force under a predetermined temperature condition, and for a predetermined time. After a lapse of time, the temperature is lowered to a predetermined temperature, fixed, and then decompressed.
That is, a compression step is performed in which a compression force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the oil palm thin plate W is applied to the laminated oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 and metal laths M1, M2 heated by the heating step, After pressing for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature in the compression process, the temperature supplied in the heating process is lowered, and through a fixing process for maintaining the compressed state, a consolidated laminated plywood PW is obtained.

Here, the process of heating to raise the temperature of the laminated oil palm thin plates W after the laminating step is called a heating step, and the surface of the laminated oil palm thin plates W is heated by the heating step. The step of applying a compressive force in a right angle direction is called a compression step. Then, after pressing for a predetermined time in the compression step, the temperature supplied in the heating step is lowered, and the step of cooling and fixing at normal temperature or slightly lower than that is fixed in a consolidated state. In this sense, it is called an immobilization process.
Moreover, the method of directly molding the laminated plywood PW in FIG. 4B from the pre-pressing multilayer material NW in FIG. This is only a continuous process.

  The multilayer plywood PW of FIG. 4B is obtained by compacting the pre-pressing multilayer material NW of FIG. 4A with a mold. In particular, in the present embodiment, the laminated plywood PW is finally compressed with a mold so as to form the laminated plywood PW. From the pre-pressing multilayer material NW in FIG. 4A, the oil in FIG. The palm thin plate W is consolidated and formed into the laminated plywood PW.

First, a procedure for manufacturing the laminated plywood PW according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 8, first, a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD is peeled to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race blade CT while being rotated in the circumferential direction to form a plurality of oil palm thin plates W. In the thin plate process of step S10, the oil palm thin plate W having a thickness within the range of 3 mm to 20 mm is peeled from the oil palm trunk WD, and then in the drying step of step S11, the moisture content is within the range of 5% to 30%. The dried oil palm sheet W is dried.

  Here, the drying method of the oil palm thin plate W in the drying step includes artificial drying or natural drying (sun drying). As the artificial drying, for example, hot air is supplied to the oil palm thin plate W using a dryer such as a steam dryer having a high-temperature steam as a heat source and a dehumidifier including a refrigerator for removing humidity. Examples include an external heating method for heating from the outside of the oil palm thin plate W by spraying or heating and squeezing with a press board, an internal heating method for heating the oil palm thin plate W from the inside by applying dielectric heating, As is well known, in general, natural drying is less expensive than artificial drying.

However, when the oil palm thin plate W is naturally dried, particularly when the oil palm thin plate W is thick, bacteria such as mold are prone to grow and corrode, and productivity and commercial value are impaired. This is commonly used for building materials, for example, Lauan wood forms a secondary xylem composed of cell (dead cell) tissue in which the movement of water and nutrients has stopped. This is because palm stem WD is composed only of primary tissues of vascular bundles and parenchymal cells, and most cells centering on parenchymal cells are living cells in which water and nutrients are transferred, and the moisture content is extremely high. Furthermore, it has been found that oil palm trunk WD (oil palm trunk) is rich in saccharides (for example, fructose, glucose, fructooligosaccharides, inositol, etc.). When the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W obtained from the trunk of the palm is thick, bacteria such as mold are proliferated and corroded by natural drying, and productivity and commercial value are impaired.
Therefore, according to the experiments by the present inventors, by reducing the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W obtained from the oil palm trunk WD to a range of 20 mm or less, the product value and productivity are reduced by bacteria such as mold even in natural drying. It has been confirmed that the cost can be reduced without incurring cost. In addition, this thickness is equivalent to the thickness of 3.5 mm-7.0 mm after a compaction process, when a compression rate is 65%. Further, when the compression ratio is 70%, the thickness corresponds to 3.0 mm to 6.0 mm after the consolidation.

Furthermore, according to experiments by the present inventors, when the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W obtained from the oil palm trunk WD is less than 3 mm (when it is less than 0.9 to 1.1 after consolidation), the thickness Since it is thin, it is easy to cut when it is peeled off, and when it exceeds 20 mm, it is difficult to dry uniformly to the inside, and when it is stretched, it cracks and the fiber is easily cut. It has also been confirmed that cracks and the like are likely to occur because the curved surface is replaced with a straight line. In addition, about a crack, it joins in a close_contact | adherence state at the time of a compaction process, and there is no problem as long as a mold | fungi does not arise in the crack generation | occurrence | production location.
For this reason, the oil palm thin plate W having a thickness of 3 mm or more and 20 mm or less is peeled off from the oil palm trunk WD, and it can be dried at low cost without causing deterioration in commercial value and productivity due to bacteria such as mold. Further, the cutting operation is easy, and the dimensional shape stability after the compacting process described later is high.
In addition, Preferably, the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W from the oil palm trunk WD is in the range of 6 mm or more and 15 mm or less. This thickness corresponds to a thickness of 2.1 mm or more and 5.3 mm or less after the compacting when the compression ratio is 65%. If the compression ratio is 70%, the thickness corresponds to 1.8 mm to 4.5 mm after the consolidation.

  Moreover, when the moisture content of the dried oil palm thin plate W is less than 10% as a result of repeated experiments by the present inventors, the term “drying within the range of moisture content of 5% to 30%” will be described later. Insufficient chemical changes can be caused by the phenomenon that the surface is too dry and the compressed part returns to its original thickness when it becomes wet after compaction, so-called immobilization. On the other hand, when the moisture content exceeds 30%, it is difficult to dry uniformly to the inside, and it has been confirmed that damage such as cracks, rupture, deformation, swelling, etc. are likely to occur after consolidation. Therefore, the setting is made based on this. That is, it is desirable that the moisture content of the oil palm sheet W is substantially uniform over the entire thickness, so that the entire thickness is compacted with a substantially uniform compression rate, and the moisture content ranges from 5% to 30%. The inside is preferable. More preferably, the water content is in the range of 13% to 18%. In addition, a moisture content is measured using measuring instruments, such as a high frequency moisture content meter, for example.

Next, the lamination process of step S12 which laminates a plurality of dried oil palm thin plates W is performed. That is, it is a process of laminating a plurality of metal laths M1 and M2 in a predetermined state with the oil palm thin plate W dried in the drying process of step S11. The pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is obtained by the lamination step in step S12. The multi-layered material NW before pressurization has the same outer shape, but the oil palm thin plates W in the stacking direction are merely overlapped by their own weight.
Here, the laminated plywood manufacturing apparatus MC that performs the consolidation process of the pre-pressing multilayer material NW formed by laminating the oil palm thin plate W and the metal laths M1 and M2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 5, the laminated plywood manufacturing apparatus MC for producing the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment is mainly divided into two parts, that is, an upper press board 10A made of a flat mold and a lower press board 10B made of a flat mold. The press body 10 that forms the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 by the structure, and the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A that faces the peripheral portion 10b of the lower press panel 10B, are pressurized to the lower press panel 10B. A positioning hole 18 that defines and regulates the position of the front multilayer material NW is formed, and a seal member 11 that seals the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 within a predetermined vertical movement range of the upper press board 10A, and the upper press board 10A. A pipe 12 having a pipe port 12a that communicates with the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 from the upper surface side thereof and supplies steam into the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18; A flow-side valve V4, and a pipe 13 having a pipe port 13a that communicates from the side surface side of the lower press panel 10B into the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 and discharges water vapor from the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18. The pressure gauge P2 for detecting the vapor pressure in the pipe 13, the downstream valve V5, the drain pipe 14 connected to the valve V5, and the like.

  The press panel 10 has a plane size capable of compressing the entire specific surface perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, that is, the entire surface to be compressed of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, The material is not particularly limited, but, for example, it is formed of a material such as stainless steel or aluminum so that the wood is not blackened due to iron ion contamination, or the contact surface with the multilayer material NW before pressurization is plated. It is given. Furthermore, the material of the seal member 11 that seals the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 is not particularly limited, but usually, silicon rubber, silicon resin, etc. excellent in heat resistance and water resistance are used. .

  Further, in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10, pipe lines 15 and 16 are formed for raising the temperature to a desired temperature by passing high-temperature steam. Pipes ST2 and ST3 branched from the steam supply side pipe ST1 and steam discharge side pipes ET1 and ET2 are connected to the paths 15 and 16, respectively. Further, in the middle of the steam supply side pipes ST1, ST2, ST3, valves V1, V2, V3 and a pressure gauge P1 for detecting the steam pressure in the pipe ST1 are arranged, and the steam discharge side pipes ET1, ET2 Is connected to the drain pipe 14 via a valve V6.

In addition, the boiler apparatus which supplies water vapor | steam to piping ST1, and the press raising / lowering apparatus containing the hydraulic mechanism for raising / lowering and pressurizing the upper press board 10A with respect to the lower press board 10B of the fixed side of the press board 10 are abbreviate | omitted. Has been.
In the first embodiment, the internal space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10 and the piping 12 connected to the valve V4 for heating the inside of the positioning hole 18 are used. Although water vapor is introduced, it is also possible to use high-frequency heating, microwave heating, or the like. In particular, for the high-frequency heating of wood, a method of heating from the center of wood at a high frequency slightly lower than that of microwave is preferable to dielectric overheating by microwave.

Further, on the press board 10, a cooling water supply side that cools to a desired temperature by passing low-temperature cooling water in place of water vapor through the pipes 15 and 16 formed in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Pipes ST12 and ST13 branched from the pipe ST11 are connected to the pipes ST2 and ST3, respectively. Further, valves V11, V12, V13 are arranged in the middle of the pipes ST11, ST12, ST13 on the cooling water supply side. In addition, the cooling water supply apparatus which supplies cooling water to piping ST11 is abbreviate | omitted.
Of course, when the present invention is carried out, the press-compressed direction of the press board 10 is relative to the surfaces of the five oil palm thin plates W and the two metal laths M1 and M2 of the multilayer material NW before pressurization. A compressive force is applied in the perpendicular direction.

Then, in manufacturing the laminated plywood PW from the pre-pressing multilayer material NW by the laminated plywood manufacturing apparatus MC configured as described above, first, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the press board 10 in the laminated plywood manufacturing apparatus MC. The upper press disk 10A rises with respect to the lower press disk 10B on the fixed side of the inner space formed by the upper press disk 10A and the lower press disk 10B. It is placed in the IS and positioning hole 18.
Here, in the present embodiment, the pre-pressing multilayer material NW that is a raw material of the laminated plywood PW is formed in a predetermined dimension (thickness, width, length), and a total of five oil palms The thin plates W1,..., W5 are placed on the positioning holes 18 of the lower press board 10B with the surface sides of the thin boards W1,.
Specifically, the oil palm thin plate W1, the metal lath M1, the oil palm thin plate W2, the oil palm thin plate W3, the metal lath M2, the oil palm thin plate W4, and the oil palm thin plate W5 are stacked in this order from the top.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the upper press platen 10A is lowered at a predetermined pressure with respect to the pre-pressing multilayer material NW placed on the positioning hole 18 of the fixed-side lower press platen 10B. Thus, the upper surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW, that is, in this embodiment, the oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 and the metal laths M1, M2 are brought into contact with each other in the vertical direction. In step S13, timer control by the timer I is started. Looking at the timer I in step S13, it is determined whether it is the heating timing in step S14, and it is determined whether it is the compression timing in step S15.
At the heating timing, steam at a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 180 [° C.]) is passed through the piping path 15 of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 16 of the lower press panel 10B in step S16, and the internal space IS and the positioning holes 18 is maintained at a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 180 [° C.]). When it is determined in step S14 that it is not the heating timing, it is determined in step S15 whether it is the compression timing, and when it is the compression timing, the compression process is started in step S17.

That is, in step S17, the compression force of the upper press board 10A is set to a predetermined pressure (for example, 20 to 50 kg / cm ² ) with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the multilayer material NW before pressurization is the upper press board. 10A and the lower press panel 10B are heated and compressed for a predetermined time (for example, 5 to 40 [min]). Also, in step S18, it is determined whether the heating / compression is completed, and the routine processing from step S13 to step S18 is repeated until the end time is reached.
In order to prevent cracking, the compression force in step S17 is a temperature rise in the multilayer material NW before pressurization, that is, a temperature state inside the multilayer material NW before pressurization according to the elapsed time of the timer I in step S18.
It is desirable to gradually increase as the heating time elapses, and it is preferable to set the heating and compression time in consideration of the heating time.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), when the peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press board 10A comes into contact with the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press board 10B, the seal member 11 disposed on the peripheral edge part 10a of the upper press board 10A. The internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are hermetically sealed. Here, steam is supplied into the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 through the pipe port 12 a of the pipe 12. At this time, the water vapor simultaneously wets the oil palm base material W or the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW in a dry state to a predetermined humidity with a good balance. Then, with the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 sealed, the compression force by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is maintained, and a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 to 210 [° C.]) based on the timer I in step S13. ).

  In the first embodiment, the internal space IS when the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10 are in a sealed state via the seal member 11. The dimension interval in the vertical direction of the positioning holes 18 is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction when the pre-pressing multilayer material NW becomes the laminated plywood PW having a compression rate of 70% by the press board 10. For this reason, the compression ratio of the entire thickness of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, that is, the change in the plate thickness due to the compression of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, is that the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A is the peripheral part 10b of the lower press panel 10B. It will be decided by contacting.

  Then, in the sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 shown in FIG. 6C, the compressive force of the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is maintained, and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are kept at a predetermined temperature ( For example, heating for forming a laminated plywood PW that is maintained for a predetermined time (for example, 30 to 120 [min]) with 150 to 210 [° C.] and does not return when the subsequent cooling and compression is released. Processing is performed. At this time, high-temperature and high-pressure vapor pressure is generated between the surrounding surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW and the inside thereof through the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 which are sealed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. You can go in and out.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are in surface contact with the front and back surfaces of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW and are held in the sealed internal space IS and the positioning holes 18. Therefore, the multilayer material NW before pressurization is sufficiently heated in its entire thickness, and is efficiently compressed and deformed. At this time, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 as the metal mesh do not extend in the plane direction of the oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5, and the oil palm thin plate W1 and the oil palm thin plate W2 between which the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are sandwiched. The oil palm thin plate W3 and the oil palm thin plate W4 are integrated into the direction in which the pressure is applied.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6D, when the heat compression process is performed in a sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, the internal space IS and the positioning hole are detected by the pressure gauge P2 as a vapor pressure control process. 18 vapor pressure is detected, and the valve V5 is appropriately opened and closed. Thereby, high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is discharged from the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 to the drain pipe 14 side through the pipe port 13a and the pipe 13, and in particular, the moisture content of the outer layer portion of the multilayer material NW before pressurization. Therefore, the excess internal space IS and moisture in the positioning hole 18 are removed, and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are adjusted to have a predetermined vapor pressure. Further, if necessary, a predetermined vapor pressure can be supplied to the internal space IS through the pipe 12 and the pipe port 12a (FIG. 5) connected to the valve V4. As a result, the fixing of the heat compression treatment of the wood, that is, the so-called immobilization of the wood is further promoted.
Further, immediately before the transition from the heating compression to the cooling compression by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B, the valve V5 is opened as a vapor pressure control process, so that the internal space passes through the piping port 13a and the piping 13. High-temperature and high-pressure steam is discharged from the IS and positioning hole 18 to the drain pipe 14 side.

If it is determined in step S18 that the heating process in step S16 and the compression process in step S17 based on the operation of the timer I in step S13 are completed, the fixing process is started in step S19. In the immobilization process, normal temperature cooling water or ground water is passed through the piping path 15 of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 16 of the lower press panel 10B, as shown in FIG. As a result, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled to around room temperature and held for a predetermined time (for example, 10 to 120 [min] for oil palm) depending on the material. At this time, the compression force of the upper press disk 10A with respect to the lower press disk 10B on the fixed side is maintained at a predetermined pressure (for example, 20 to 50 kg / cm ² ) that is the same as the pressure at the time of heat compression. The board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 6 (f), the pressure releasing process is started in step S 21, the upper press platen 10 A is raised with respect to the fixed-side lower press platen 10 B, and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are used. A series of processing steps is completed when the finished laminated plywood PW is taken out.

The laminated plywood manufacturing apparatus MC for producing the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment will be described in more detail.
The press machine 10 is mainly provided with the press machine 10 in which the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are formed by the divided structure of the upper press machine 10A and the lower press machine 10B. The movement restriction of the outer periphery of the multilayer material NW can be the frame body 20. The frame 20 as the movement restriction of the outer periphery of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is determined as a structure that can move up and down or a fixed structure depending on the dimensions of the upper press panel 10A.

7 is a modified example of the laminated plywood manufacturing apparatus MC according to the embodiment, and has a structure that can move up and down, and is disposed on the lower press panel 10B of FIGS. This is a substitute for the positioning hole 18.
In FIG. 7, an outer lower press disk 10Ba and an inner lower press disk 10Bb having the same height are disposed on the base plate 25 of the lower press disk 10B, and a frame groove 21 is formed therebetween. A plurality of coil springs 22 are disposed on the base plate 25 side of the frame body groove 21, and a square movable frame 23 is disposed above the coil springs 22. A cutout is formed on the inner surface of the movable frame 23 to form a fluid path 24 that guides fluid such as water vapor from the side surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW. The inner periphery of the square movable frame 23 is substantially equal to the outer periphery of the pre-pressing multilayer material NW. When the pre-pressing multilayer material NW enters the square movable frame 23, the thin plates W2,..., W5 and the metal lath M1. , M2 is not misaligned. Therefore, when the upper press board 10A is lowered, even if it has a width larger than the size of the lower press board 10B, when the upper press board 10A comes into contact with the movable frame 23, the movable frame 23 becomes elastic to the plurality of coil springs 22. It descends against it and responds to the compression of the multilayer material NW before pressing. Then, the compression of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is completed at the movement limit of the plurality of coil springs 22. Of course, when the upper press board 10A is inserted into the movable frame 23 of the lower press board 10B, the movable frame 23 can be fixedly arranged on the lower press board 10B. That is, the movable frame 23 of the lower press panel 10B can be fixed and compressed by the upper press panel 10A inserted into the movable frame 23.

  In this way, the thickness of the oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 is heated and compressed by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the fiber length direction of the oil palm thin plate W, and the whole is compressed and compressed. A laminated plywood PW having a rate of 60% or more is manufactured. At this time, the elongation in the direction parallel to the plane of the oil palm thin plate W is caused by the compressive force in the thickness direction of the oil palm thin plates W1,. It is regulated by 23 and does not grow. Therefore, the laminated plywood PW is a mold processed with a uniform compressive force.

  In the present embodiment, after controlling the vapor pressure, the internal vapor pressure is gradually released by releasing the vapor pressure, and the vapor pressure in the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is lowered and fixed by cooling. When released, a laminated plywood PW having no surface deformation called bulging deformation or puncture can be formed. That is, the laminated plywood PW manufactured in the present embodiment does not cause bulging deformation or surface cracking after being released from compression, and ensures stable quality. In the present embodiment, the laminated plywood PW is obtained by compressing and fixing using the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. However, when the present invention is carried out, a microwave used by a normal microwave oven is used. The laminated plywood PW can be obtained even if the multilayer material NW before pressurization is heated and compressed by dielectric heating at a high frequency slightly lower than the wave frequency band, and is fixed.

In the oil palm thin plate W and the metal laths M1 and M2 to be laminated in the present embodiment, the fiber directions of the vascular bundles and the like may be laminated in the same direction, or the fiber directions may be laminated to be orthogonal to each other. .
In particular, when laminated with the same fiber direction, as shown in FIG. 9, fibers such as vascular bundles of the wood surface layer softened in the consolidation process have the same fiber direction adjacent to the lamination direction (longitudinal direction). For example, the vascular bundle enters between the vascular bundles of the counterpart oil palm thin plate W, and the oil palm thin plates W fixed in the entangled state are firmly joined to each other. In addition, since the expansion rate and contraction rate of the joint surface can be made completely equal, no stress is applied to the joint surface even if the ambient environment conditions change. In particular, when the fiber direction of the vascular bundle or the like is laminated with the same direction, when compressive force is applied thereto, the oil palm sheet W becomes the fiber direction of the original oil palm trunk WD, and the oil palm sheet W is different. However, since the vascular bundle enters between the vascular bundles of the oil palm thin plate W as the counterpart material and is fixed there, it can be integrated in a natural joined state.
Therefore, the bonding strength is high and the mechanical strength is high, and a stable dimensional shape after consolidation is ensured.

Further, at this time, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 as the metal net do not extend in the plane direction of the oil palm thin plate W, the surfaces of the oil palm thin plate W1 and the oil palm thin plate W2 between which the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are sandwiched, the oil palm It enters into the direction which is applying the pressure of the surface of thin plate W3 and oil palm thin plate W4.
Further, a metal lath M1 or a metal lath M2 is disposed between the oil palm thin plate W1 and the oil palm thin plate W2, and between the oil palm thin plate W3 and the oil palm thin plate W4, and the metal laths M1 and M2 are joined between the oil palm thin plates W. The amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates W is not required to use other adhesives. Is also secured.

Moreover, since the metal laths M1 and M2 are embedded as inserts in the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm sheet W, not only the oil palm sheet W is integrated but also the oil palm sheet W and other wood. Even if they exist.
In particular, by arranging one or more metal laths M1 and M2 at the center of the plurality of oil palm thin plates W or at a position other than the center, the metal laths M1 and M2 act as inserts, and the surface of the laminated plywood PW is bent. Even when an external force is applied, the surface of the laminated plywood PW can be prevented from being bent by the action of the metal laths M1 and M2.
In particular, in the oil palm thin plate W and the metal laths M1 and M2 to be laminated according to the present embodiment, even if the fiber directions of the vascular bundle and the like are laminated in the same direction, the bending can be prevented. Curving can be prevented even when the layers are stacked with their directions orthogonal to each other.

  Since one or more nets, that is, metal laths M1 and M2 are disposed between the oil palm thin plates W, and the metal lath M1 or metal lath M2 is joined between the oil palm thin plates W, the oil palm thin plate W Since the nets are joined and integrated with each other, the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates W is not required to use other adhesives. As a means for preventing bending because the metal palm lamina M2 and the metal lath M2 do not expand or contract in response to the bending of the oil palm lamellar W, even if the oil palm lamellar W is about to bend. Can be provided. In addition, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, it becomes difficult for the surface on which the oil palm thin plates are laminated to be bent.

On the other hand, when the fiber directions are laminated so as to be orthogonal to each other, even if expansion and contraction force is generated due to a change in ambient environmental conditions after consolidation, the oil palm thin plates W interact with each other and warp in a specific direction. Deformation is prevented. That is, when the total number of the oil palm thin plates W is an odd number, the fiber directions of the single plates are parallel and the cross section is symmetric when laminated with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other. Distortion and the like are prevented.
At this time, since the vascular bundles of the respective oil palm thin plates W are in a cross state, it is desirable that the vascular bundles of each other be in a state of being involved. By compacting under this entrainment condition, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are hydrogen-bonded, and especially the oil palm trunk contains a lot of saccharides, lignin, plastic components, etc., so these components decompose and soften. Then, it oozes out around the vascular bundle and is then recrystallized and recombined to function as a binder and to be integrated.

  Preferably, the surfaces of the oil palm thin plate W to be laminated are cut in parallel to the fibers and the tree core side surfaces, or the surfaces cut in parallel to the fibers and the bark side surfaces are opposed to each other. Is preferred. That is, when the oil palm thin plate W is divided at a linear position passing through the tree core of the oil palm trunk WD and arranged so as to face each other, the mutual tree heart sides or the respective bark side surfaces become opposed to each other. By joining together, warpage deformation in a specific direction due to the difference in cell density between the tree heart side and the bark side can be prevented.

  Furthermore, among the dried laminated plywood PW, it is preferable to laminate the materials having a small air-dry specific gravity after drying on the front and back. As a result, wood having a small air-drying specific gravity after drying is disposed on the front and back layers in contact with the upper press platen 10A and the lower press platen 10B, and compaction processing is performed. Therefore, the air-drying specific gravity after drying is small. The wood is sufficiently heated and compressed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B to reduce the difference in specific gravity between the woods, and the difference in the rate of dimensional change after production. Therefore, the stability of the dimensional shape after commercialization increases.

In the compression process of step S17, the upper press panel 10A is subjected to a predetermined pressure (for example, 0.5 to 3 kg / second) with respect to the plurality of stacked pre-pressing multilayer materials NW placed on the fixed-side lower press panel 10B. cm ² ) and brought into contact with the upper surface of the laminated pre-pressing multilayer material NW, that is, a plane perpendicular to the fiber length direction. Then, at the beginning of the compacting process, first, heating in the heating process (step 16) is started, and the valve V1, valve V2, and valve V3 (FIG. 2) are opened, and the piping 15 of the upper press panel 10A from the boiler device (not shown). And the water vapor for heating is passed through the pipe line 16 of the lower press panel 10B, the interior space IS and the positioning hole 18 are maintained at a predetermined heating temperature, and the laminated multilayer material NW before pressurization is heated.

  Here, it is preferable that the heating temperature in the heating process in the initial stage of compression is in the range of 110 ° C to 160 ° C. If the heating temperature is too low, sufficient compacting will not be achieved, resulting in insufficient strength, poor bonding between wood, and dimensional shape deformation due to hygroscopic drying after product production, while the heating temperature is too high. The surface may be carbonized to change to black and the color tone or scent peculiar to wood may be impaired, or the material may deteriorate and the strength may be lowered and become brittle. According to the experiments by the present inventors, it has been found that an appropriate temperature condition is in the range of 110 ° C to 160 ° C. By using this temperature condition, it is possible to prevent improper fixing in the compacting process, and material deterioration such as surface carbonization and lowering of material strength. More preferably, the heating temperature in the heating step in the initial stage of compression is in the range of 120 ° C to 140 ° C. The specific set temperature is set according to the moisture content of the oil palm thin plate W or the like.

Further, in the pressurizing step of step S17, the compression pressure of the upper press panel 10A is set to a predetermined pressure with respect to the lower press panel 10B on the fixed side, and the pre-pressing multilayer material NW becomes the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B. And heated and compressed for a predetermined time. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6C, when the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A comes into contact with the peripheral portion 10b of the lower press panel 10B, the seal member 11 disposed on the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A. As a result, the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are sealed.
Thus, by heating and compressing by surface contact of the press panel, in particular, by applying pressure after heating to the heating temperature, even when warp deformation during drying occurs in the multilayer material NW before pressurization, Flattening can be achieved without causing cracks, cracks, etc., and heat compression can be performed efficiently. Furthermore, while the multilayer material NW before pressurization is heated and compressed and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are kept in a sealed state, the water vapor originally contained in the multilayer material NW before pressurization becomes the vapor pressure. Thus, the dried wood DW can be freely diffused and discharged through the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, so that the entire thickness is efficiently and uniformly heated and compressed.

Here, it is preferable that the predetermined pressure which compresses the multilayer material NW before pressurization exists in the range of 1-100 kg / cm < ² >. If the pressure is too low, immobilization will be poor in the compacting process, while if the pressure is too high, cracks may occur on the surface. According to the experiments of the present inventors, an appropriate pressure conditions is within the 1 to 100 kg / cm ^2. By adopting this pressurizing condition, it is possible to prevent immobilization defects and occurrence of cracks in consolidation. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 50 kg / cm ² .
In addition, when the compression speed at this time is high, water vapor and air in the multilayer material NW before pressurization are difficult to escape, and the pressure acting on the multilayer material NW before pressurization increases, so that cracks occur, There is a risk of internal cracking due to insufficient softening. On the other hand, when the compression speed is low, the load on the surface in contact with the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is increased, and cracks or the like may occur. Therefore, it is desirable that the compression pressure at this time be gradually increased according to the temperature transmission state inside the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW.

  Furthermore, according to the experiments by the present inventors, it is preferable that the time for heating and compressing be in the range of 10 minutes to 40 minutes. This time condition can prevent subsequent immobilization due to the treatment time being too short and carbonization of the surface due to the treatment time being too long. More preferably, the predetermined time during compression is in the range of 20 minutes to 30 minutes. In addition, it is preferable to set also the time of this heat compression considering the transmission state (time) of the temperature inside the multilayer material NW before pressurization.

  Note that the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10 are hermetically sealed via the seal member 11, and the vertical direction of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 is as follows. The dimension interval is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction when the plurality of laminated multi-layered pre-pressurized materials NW are consolidated into a laminated plywood PW having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.8 or more. For this reason, the compression ratio of the entire thickness of the laminated multilayer material NW before pressurization, that is, the change in thickness due to the compression of the plurality of laminated multilayer materials NW before pressurization is determined by the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A. This is determined by contacting the peripheral edge portion 10b of the lower press panel 10B.

Next, the predetermined compression pressure (preferably within the range of 1 to 100 kg / cm ² ) by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is maintained in the sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 shown in FIG. As it is, the temperature is raised to a specific heating temperature by the piping 15 of the upper press panel 10A and the piping 16 of the lower pressing panel 10B, and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are maintained at the predetermined heating temperature for a predetermined time. The At this time, a high-temperature and high-pressure vapor pressure is generated between the surrounding surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW and the inside thereof through the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 which are sealed by the upper press platen 11 and the lower press platen 21. You can go in and out.
When the heat compression process is performed in a sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, the vapor pressure control process detects the vapor pressure of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 with the pressure gauge P2. As shown in (d), the vapor pressure of the second heating temperature is supplied to the internal space IS through the pipe 12 and the pipe port 12a connected to the valve V4, or the valve V5 is appropriately opened and closed. Then, high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is discharged from the internal space IS to the drain pipe 14 side through the pipe port 13a and the pipe 13, whereby the vapor pressure of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 is controlled to a predetermined value.

  In this way, by controlling the vapor pressure of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, a plurality of laminated oil palm thin plates W are heated and compressed with the metal laths M1 and M2 sandwiched therebetween. That is, by making the peripheral surface of the laminated oil palm thin plate W and the inside thereof the same temperature, pressure and vapor pressure state as the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, the entire pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is made uniform, There is no processing strain, and shrinkage and expansion due to a change in the restoring force after molding and the surrounding environmental conditions are remarkably suppressed. In particular, by controlling the vapor pressure by discharging or introducing water vapor while maintaining a predetermined pressure state, the surface is prevented from being carbonized, uniformly heated and compressed, and further, the surface is prevented from drying. Smooth fixation is achieved, and recovery, return, deformation, etc. after molding are suppressed.

  Here, it is preferable that the final heating temperature for maintaining the heating and compression state for compaction is in the range of 120 ° C to 210 ° C. If the heating temperature is too low, the immobilization becomes sweet and chemical changes due to the action of water vapor cannot be caused sufficiently, resulting in improper immobilization, which tends to occur due to moisture absorption or deformation due to drying, while the heating temperature is high. If it is too much, the surface may be carbonized to change to black, and the color tone or scent peculiar to wood may be impaired, or the material may deteriorate and the strength may be lowered and become brittle. According to our experiments, suitable temperature conditions are in the range of 120 ° C to 210 ° C. By setting this temperature condition, it is possible to prevent immobilization failure in the compacting process, maintain dimensional shape stability, and prevent material deterioration such as surface carbonization and material strength reduction. More preferably, the heating temperature is in the range of 120 ° C to 140 ° C.

  Further, according to the experimental study by the present inventors, the compression time immediately before immobilization is preferably in the range of 10 minutes to 120 minutes. By this time condition, it is possible to prevent immobilization failure due to the treatment time being too short and carbonization of the surface due to the treatment time being too long. More preferably, the predetermined time is in the range of 30 minutes to 90 minutes. The specific set time for performing the heating / compression process immediately before the immobilization is set in consideration of the moisture content of the multilayer material NW before pressurization.

Incidentally, the start of the vapor pressure control in the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 in the sealed state due to the introduction or discharge of water vapor is performed after the temperature of the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B reaches a specific heating temperature. It is desirable to be done. If it does in this way, water vapor can osmose | permeate in the multilayer material NW before pressurization, and thereby the chemical change of the oil palm thin board W can fully be caused, As a result, oil palm thin board W is fully and uniformly. It can be fixed, and is less likely to return due to moisture absorption or to be deformed by drying. That is, when the introduction of water vapor in the closed internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 is started before the temperatures of the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B reach a specific heating temperature, the water vapor is condensed. The interior space IS and the positioning hole 18 in the sealed state are filled with water, and the moisture content of the wood increases, and as a result, return due to moisture absorption, deformation due to drying, and the like are likely to occur. Further, even when the discharge of water vapor in the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 in the sealed state is started before the temperatures of the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B reach the second heating temperature, the water content of the outer layer portion is also increased. The excess internal space IS based on the rate and the moisture in the positioning hole 18 are difficult to be removed, and the moisture content of the wood increases, so that return due to moisture absorption, deformation due to drying, and the like are likely to occur.
In addition, it is preferable to end the vapor pressure control before starting the cooling described later. If the vapor pressure control is not finished before starting the cooling described later, the cooling processing efficiency is lowered.

  Further, when steam is introduced into the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 in a sealed state to control the vapor pressure, the temperature of the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B reaches a specific heating temperature. It is preferable to introduce a water vapor pressure and temperature equal to or lower than the water vapor pressure and temperature in the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18. When the pressure and temperature of the introduced water vapor are higher than the water pressure and temperature in the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, the water is condensed and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 in a sealed state are filled with water. As a result, the moisture content of the oil palm sheet W increases, and as a result, return due to moisture absorption, deformation due to drying, and the like are likely to occur. In addition, in the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 in a sealed state, when excess moisture based on the moisture content of the outer layer portion of the multilayer material NW before pressurization exists, the high temperature in the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 By appropriately discharging high-pressure water vapor, the pressure is adjusted to a predetermined vapor pressure.

Subsequently, the immobilization process in step S19 is performed while the pressure is maintained at the same predetermined pressure (preferably in the range of 1 to 100 kg / cm ² ) as the pressure in the heating process in step S16 and the compression process in step S17. V11, the valve V12, and the valve V13 (FIG. 5) are opened, and normal temperature cooling water is passed from the boiler device (not shown) through the piping path 15 of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 16 of the lower press panel 10B. As shown in (e), the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled to around room temperature and held for a predetermined time (for example, 10 to 120 [min]).
Finally, the pressure is released in the fixing step of step S19, and as shown in FIG. 6 (f), the upper press disk 10A is gradually raised and separated from the fixed-side lower press disk 10B. The pressure and the sealed state are released, and the laminated plywood PW as a finished product is taken out from the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 to complete a series of processing steps.

  Thus, the fixing in the compacted state is stabilized by cooling under the pressure state in which no deformation occurs. And after cooling in a pressurized state, by releasing the pressurization, that is, by lowering the water vapor pressure in the multilayer material NW before pressurization by cooling, gradually releasing the pressure to release the internal vapor pressure Thus, the laminated plywood PW can be liquefied and removed when the cooling compression is released, and there is no bulging deformation, cracking, puncture or the like. That is, according to the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment, stable quality is ensured without causing bulging deformation, cracking, destruction, etc. after compression release.

  In this way, the entire thickness of the laminated multilayer material NW before pressurization is heated and compressed by an external force applied in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the fibers of the laminated multilayer material NW before pressurization. In this embodiment, a laminated plywood PW having a dry specific gravity of 0.8 or more and usually a specific gravity of 1.2 or more is manufactured. And the laminated plywood PW obtained in this way has oil palm thin plates W joined firmly by consolidation. This is because cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are hydrogen-bonded by compaction processing, and especially the palm of an oil palm contains many sugars, lignin, plastic components, etc., and these components are decomposed and softened by compaction processing. It functions as a binder by being recrystallized and recombined after moving between the oil palm thin plates W, and further, the fibers of the surface layer of the oil palm thin plate W are softened by the consolidation process, and the lamination direction It is considered that the timbers are firmly joined together by being intertwined with the fibers of the wood adjacent to the wood.

As described above, according to the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment, wood is bonded without using an artificial adhesive or environmental adhesive due to formaldehyde or the like, and a high-cost natural adhesive is used. It is gentle and can reduce costs.
In addition, when the oil palm thin plate W is joined by using an adhesive, the adhesive is generally cured by applying the adhesive and then curing the adhesive. Whereas a tightening process is necessary, according to the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment, the wood is joined without using an adhesive by compaction processing, so the separate joining process is unnecessary, The manufacturing process can be simplified.

  The laminated plywood PW obtained in this way is compacted to reduce the gaps in the oil palm thin plate W, and the lignin, hemicellulose, etc. that constitute the cell wall are softened / decomposed and recombined / recombined. The disadvantage of the oil palm thin plate W, which is crystallized to increase the cell density, has a low specific gravity, is low in strength, and easily deforms, is complemented, and high strength and stable dimensional shape are ensured. In particular, the entire thickness of the laminated oil palm sheet W is uniformly compressed by carrying out the consolidation process so that the air-drying specific gravity is 0.8 or more, the properties of the oil palm sheet W are changed, and the hardness and the like are remarkable. In addition, there is less variation in physical properties and characteristic values such as hardness, and there is also little variation in expansion rate and drying rate due to changes in ambient environmental conditions, so that deformation and the like can be suppressed, thereby improving dimensional shape stability. Increase. Therefore, the physical properties are stable, the quality between products is small, and the commercial value is high. Furthermore, it is consolidated in a state where a plurality of dried oil palm thin plates W are laminated, and the expansion rate and contraction rate due to changes in ambient environmental conditions are almost uniform on the bonding surface, so that stable bonding is maintained. In addition, a stable dimensional shape is ensured without causing distortion, deformation, cracks, and the like due to stress applied to the joint surface due to changes in ambient environmental conditions.

In particular, when the oil palm thin plate W is laminated with the same fiber direction, the fibers of the surface layer softened in the consolidation process are entangled with the fibers of the oil palm thin plate W adjacent in the longitudinal direction with the same fiber direction. It is easy and the oil palm thin plate W fixed in the entangled state is firmly joined. In addition, since the expansion rate and contraction rate at the joint surface can be made completely equal, no stress is applied to the joint surface when the ambient environmental conditions change. Therefore, the bonding strength is high, the mechanical strength is also high, and high dimensional shape stability is ensured.
On the other hand, when the multilayered material NW before pressurization is laminated with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other, even if expansion and contraction force is generated due to changes in the surrounding environmental conditions after the consolidation process, the mutual woods interact with each other and specify Directional warpage deformation is prevented. In particular, when the total number of sheets is an odd number, when laminated with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other, the fiber direction of the single plate is parallel and the cross section is symmetric on the front and back, preventing distortion due to changes in ambient environmental conditions, etc. Is done. At this time, a tough joining state can be obtained by increasing the compressive force with the same fiber direction in consolidation.
If the total number of sheets is an even number, the same fiber direction is laminated in a part of the inside, and the others are laminated with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other, so that the front and back fiber directions are aligned and the ambient environmental conditions It is possible to prevent distortion and the like due to the change of.

And the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment is densified from the outer surface even when the compressed surface is densified by compaction processing and the oil palm thin plate W does not use an expensive natural adhesive. The surface quality is good. That is, since peeling from the surface of the fiber can be suppressed without using an artificial adhesive or a natural adhesive having a high cost, it is environmentally friendly and the cost can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the entire thickness is compacted, even if a large chamfering process or curved surface process is applied to the ridgeline on the thickness side surface, high hardness is ensured on the end surface.

By the way, even in the case of using oil palm thin plate W in the vicinity of a soft tree center with a particularly high water content in oil palm, strength can be increased by compaction processing, or temperature and compression control is performed in compaction processing. Thus, excess water can be discharged, and the water vapor pressure inside the multi-layer material NW before pressurization is uniformly and suitably adjusted, so that swell deformation and the like after compression processing are also suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to form the laminated plywood PW having sufficient strength and stable dimensional shape. Therefore, effective utilization of the whole trunk of oil palm can be aimed at.
In particular, in the dried oil palm thin plate W, when the air-drying specific gravity after drying is arranged and stacked on the front and back, the front and back layers contacting the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B as described above. Since a material having a small air-dry specific gravity after drying is disposed and compaction processing is performed, sufficient heat compression is performed by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B in the material having a small air-dry specific gravity after drying. Thus, the difference in specific gravity between the woods is reduced, and the difference in the dimensional change rate after commercialization is also reduced. Therefore, the stability of the dimension shape after commercialization increases.

  As described above, the laminated plywood PW according to the present embodiment is formed by peeling the trunk of a soft oil palm having a high moisture content as an oil palm thin plate W, and then drying, further laminating a plurality of sheets, and compacting the surface. Not only the strength and hardness of the entire plate thickness are greatly improved, but a wide range of applications such as flooring materials, waistboard materials, indoor furniture materials, and housing exterior materials used by surface coating are expected. In particular, since the surface hardness is increased by compaction processing and sufficient strength and hardness can be ensured even if the thickness is small, the thickness can be reduced in commercialization.

  Furthermore, when the fiber directions are laminated so as to be orthogonal to each other, even if expansion and contraction force is generated due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after consolidation, the oil palm thin plates W interact with each other and warp deformation in a specific direction occurs. Is prevented. At this time, since the vascular bundles of the oil palm thin plates W are in a crossed state, the vascular bundles of each other are wound, and the metal laths M1 and M2 protect the crossed state of the vascular bundle of the oil palm thin plates W. That is, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are hydrogen-bonded by compaction under the rolled-up state of the oil palm thin plate W. Especially, since the palm tree contains a lot of saccharides, lignin, plastic components, etc. As the components of the composition break down and soften, they ooze out around the vascular bundle and form a space for recrystallization and recombination to enhance the binder function.

[Embodiment 2]
The laminated plywood PW shown in FIG. 3 is laminated by crossing the fiber directions such as the vascular bundle of the oil palm thin plate W from the multilayer material NW before pressurization, and directly compressed by the upper die and the lower die of the flat plate mold. However, as shown in FIG. 9, the fiber directions of the vascular bundles of the oil palm thin plate W are made parallel to each other. It can also be laminated and used as a multilayer material NW before pressing.
Specifically, the oil palm thin plate W1, the metal lath M1, the oil palm thin plate W2, the oil palm thin plate W3, the metal lath M2, the oil palm thin plate W4, and the oil palm thin plate W5 are stacked in this order from the top.

In this way, the fiber bundles such as vascular bundles are laminated in parallel, and one or more nets, that is, metal laths M1 and M2 are disposed between the oil palm thin plates W, and the metal laths between the oil palm thin plates W are disposed. M1 or metal lath M2 is joined. The nets between the oil palm thin plates W are secured without using other adhesives for the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plates W, and the vascular bundles of the oil palm thin plates W are in a parallel state. Therefore, the vascular bundle on the opposite surface enters between the vascular bundles at high temperature and pressure, and the compaction process under this entangled state causes cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin to hydrogen bond, especially oil palm. The tree trunk contains a lot of saccharides, lignin, plastic components, etc., so these components decompose and soften and ooze out around the vascular bundle, and then recrystallized and recombined to form a binder. And integration will be performed.
Therefore, it is easy to join the oil palm thin plate W to the net such as the metal lath M1, the metal lath M2, and even if the oil palm thin plate W tries to bend, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 do not expand or contract corresponding to the bend. It can be provided as a means for preventing folding. Moreover, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, bending is less likely to occur on the surface on which the oil palm thin plates are laminated.

In particular, when the fiber directions are laminated parallel to each other, even if expansion and contraction force occurs due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after consolidation, the oil palm thin plates W interact with each other and warp deformation in a specific direction. Even if this occurs, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 prevent the deformation. That is, even when the number of all the oil palm thin plates W is an odd number, distortion caused by a change in ambient environment conditions can be prevented in the same manner as when the fiber directions are stacked with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other.
Also in the case of this embodiment, preferably, it is a surface cut parallel to the fibers of the oil palm thin plate W to be laminated, and the side surfaces of the tree cores, or a surface cut parallel to the fibers and the bark side surface It is preferable that the layers are laminated to face each other. That is, when the oil palm thin plate W is divided at a linear position passing through the tree core of the oil palm trunk WD and arranged so as to face each other, the mutual tree heart sides or the respective bark side surfaces become opposed to each other. By joining together, warpage deformation in a specific direction due to the difference in cell density between the tree heart side and the bark side can be prevented.

[Embodiment 3]
The laminated plywood PW shown in FIG. 3 is laminated by crossing the fiber directions such as the vascular bundle of the oil palm thin plate W from the multilayer material NW before pressurization, and directly compressed by the upper die and the lower die of the flat plate mold. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the fiber directions of the vascular bundles of the oil palm thin plate W are made parallel to each other. It is also possible to laminate and laminate one surface or both surfaces of the exposed exposed design surface as a plate material other than the oil palm thin plate W, which can be used as the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW.
Specifically, from the top, one piece can be selected from any one of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate peeled off by wig. In addition, a thin plate made of wood other than the oil palm thin plate W is, for example, bamboo shoots, cedar, rice bran, bamboo leaves, rice cedar, pine pine, red pine, chestnut, bamboo shoots, bamboo shoots, bamboo shoots, cherry blossoms, bamboo shoots, It is also possible to use a thin plate that makes use of the grain of firewood. Here, the thin plate Y1. Then
The oil palm thin plate W2, the metal lath M1, the oil palm thin plate W3, the oil palm thin plate W4, the metal lath M2, and the oil palm thin plate W5 are stacked in this order.

In this way, the fiber bundles such as vascular bundles are laminated in parallel, and one or more nets, that is, metal laths M1 and M2 are disposed between the oil palm thin plates W2,. A metal lath M1 or a metal lath M2 is joined between the thin plates W2,..., W5. The network between the oil palm thin plates W2, ..., W5 is ensured without the use of other adhesives and resin components and sugar components contained in the oil palm thin plates W2, ..., W5, Since the vascular bundles of each of the oil palm thin plates W are in a parallel state, the vascular bundle on the opposite surface enters between the vascular bundles at a high temperature and a pressurized state, and the compaction processing is performed under this entrained state, Hemicellulose and lignin are hydrogen-bonded, and especially the trunk of oil palm contains a lot of saccharides, lignin, plastic components, etc., so these components decompose and soften and ooze out around the vascular bundle. By being recrystallized and recombined, it functions as a binder and is integrated.
Therefore, it is easy to join the oil palm thin plate W to the net such as the metal lath M1, the metal lath M2, and even if the oil palm thin plate W tries to bend, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 do not expand or contract corresponding to the bend. It can be provided as a means for preventing folding. Further, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, it is difficult to cause bending on the surface on which the oil palm thin plates W2,.

In particular, when the fiber directions are laminated in parallel with each other, the oil palm thin plates W2,..., W5 interact with each other even if expansion and contraction force is generated due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after consolidation. Even if warpage deformation in a specific direction occurs, the metal lath M1 and metal lath M2 prevent the deformation. That is, even when the number of all the oil palm thin plates W is an odd number, distortion caused by a change in ambient environment conditions can be prevented in the same manner as when the fiber directions are stacked with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other.
Also in the case of this embodiment, preferably, it is a surface cut parallel to the fibers of the oil palm thin plate W to be laminated, and the side surfaces of the tree cores, or a surface cut parallel to the fibers and the bark side surface It is preferable that the layers are laminated to face each other. That is, when the oil palm thin plate W is divided at a linear position passing through the tree core of the oil palm trunk WD and arranged so as to face each other, the mutual tree heart sides or the respective bark side surfaces become opposed to each other. By joining together, warpage deformation in a specific direction due to the difference in cell density between the tree heart side and the bark side can be prevented.

Furthermore, the cocoon thin plate Y1 is secured without the use of other adhesives for the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W2, and the fiber directions of the oil palm thin plate W are in a parallel state. Fibers on the surfaces facing each other in the direction of the fibers in the pressurized state enter, and by compacting under this state, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin are hydrogen-bonded, especially sugar palm, lignin, Since many plastic components are contained, these components decompose and soften and ooze out around the vascular bundle, and then recrystallize and recombine to function as a binder and integrate. It will be.
Therefore, it is easy to join the thin sheet Y1, the oil palm thin sheets W2,..., W5 and the net such as the metal lath M1, the metal lath M2, etc. Even if the oil palm thin sheets W2,. Since the thin plate Y1, the metal lath M1, and the metal lath M2 do not expand or contract corresponding to the bending, the thin plate Y1 and the metal lath M1, M2 can be provided as means for preventing the bending.

[Embodiment 4]
Further, as shown in other embodiment 4 of FIG. 11 (a), a plate-like laminated plywood PW is formed, and the laminated plywood PW is lifted to perform the consolidation process shown in FIG. 11 (b) . the composed legs JW joined together in a stacked plywood manufacturing apparatus MC is obtained by the oil palm molded body as shown in FIG. 11 (c). At this time, if the laminated plywood PW and the leg JW are joined so that their joining surfaces are in the same fiber length direction, the joining strength can be increased.
Also in this embodiment, when forming the laminated plywood PW, the compression rate may be about 20 to 80%, or the compression rate in the state of the specific laminated plywood PW is fixed, and the compression rate of only the leg JW is 20 You may join as about -80%. Of course, the opposite may be possible.
In the fourth embodiment, the total load of the laminated plywood PW is applied to the leg JW, but the concentrated load is dispersed by the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2, and stable mechanical strength can be maintained.

[Embodiment 5]
As shown in the fifth embodiment of FIG. 12 , the laminated plywood PW having a predetermined thickness integrally holds the oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 stacked in a plurality of layers only by the recess EQ, and other than the recess EQ. These locations may be compacted or maintained in an overlapped state. In this embodiment, it is an embodiment that is preferably used for an attic of a house, a heat insulating material of a wall, and the like.
In the case of this embodiment, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are arranged on both surfaces of the oil palm thin plate W3 which is the center, or the four oil palm thin plates W1,. It is preferable to arrange one metal lath M1.

The five oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 in the first embodiment and the second embodiment have thicknesses of 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 .5 mm, 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, and 6.0 mm before pressurization in which five oil palm thin plates W of the same thickness are arranged so that the fiber lengths intersect at right angles The laminated plywood PW was manufactured by compressing from the multilayer material NW.
Basically, a consolidation process with a compression rate of 20 to 80% was performed on the thickness of the multilayer material NW before compression before compression. The temperature of the supplied steam is raised to 110 to 210 degrees, and the compressive force applied during that time is 20 to 50 kg / cm ² . Here, by laminating five 1.5 mm oil palm thin plates W, it becomes a multilayer material NW before pressurization of 7.5 mm, but compression error when compressed at a predetermined compression rate at the laboratory level and Due to the expansion after decompression, it is several percent or less, but an error is present.

Also, just in case, the five oil palm thin plates W in the present embodiment have thicknesses of 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm. , 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, and 6.0 mm are compressed from the pre-pressing multilayer material NW in which five oil palm thin plates W of the same thickness are arranged so that the fiber lengths are parallel to each other. A laminated plywood PW was produced.
Similar to the former, a laminated plywood PW was obtained that was subjected to consolidation processing with a compression rate of about 20 to 80% with respect to the thickness of the pre-pressing multilayer material NW before compression. The temperature of the supplied water vapor is raised from 110 ° C. to 210 ° C., and the compression force applied during that time is 20 to 50 kg / cm ² .

    In Table 1, the pre-pressing multilayer material NW in which the five oil palm thin plates W having the same thickness are arranged so that the fiber (vascular bundle) length intersects at right angles is shown as “cross-bonded state”, and the fiber length is The parallel multi-layer material NW before pressurization was shown as “parallel joined state”. Table 1 shows the results of the endurance test. It is placed in a place where sunlight is used for three months from April to June, and the water is set to 30 at 10 and 4 o'clock on sunny days under natural weather conditions. Sprayed for a minute. In the “cross-bonded state” 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm laminated plywood PW, the surface was partially not flush, and there was a possibility that bubbles were generated and peeled inside. That is, it has been found that the usage environment conditions are restricted. In this test, the response to a sudden change in natural temperature was examined. Here, it is proved that the “parallel joined state” is easier to bond with each other than the “cross joined state”, and a good strength can be obtained. In addition, since the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are disposed, even if they are laminated with the fiber directions parallel to each other, even if expansion and contraction force is generated due to changes in ambient environmental conditions after consolidation, the mutual oil Since the palm thin plates W interact with each other so that the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 do not warp in a specific direction, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 prevent the deformation and increase the mechanical strength. it can. That is, even when the number of all the oil palm thin plates W is an odd number, distortion caused by a change in ambient environment conditions can be prevented in the same manner as when the fiber directions are stacked with the fiber directions orthogonal to each other.

However, in other samples, since hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose, it is unclear how much they interfere with each other in the naturally cultivated state of oil palm trunk WD. By raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature (120 ° C. or higher), for example, 80 ° C. or higher of the reaction start temperature of lignin, it becomes 60 ° C. or higher of the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose. It turned out to be a material.
In the laminated plywood PW as a 1.5mm and 2.0mm oil palm molded body EO in the "cross-joined state", when the vascular bundle of 0.4 to 1.2mm crosses, the unique vascular bundle crossing position Then, even if hemicellulose binds lignin and cellulose, the total amount of absolute hemicellulose, lignin, and cellulose obtained at a predetermined temperature and compressive force is small, and it is presumed that joining is not performed completely.
In addition, this test result is the same result as what the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are not laminated | stacked.

Moreover, the inventors performed the test showing the joint strength of Table 2 and Table 3 as severe use conditions. Although many samples were used, the samples submitted this time are extracted from the areas where remarkable features appear.
The laminated plywood A is composed of four oil palm thin plates W, 3.0 mm oil palm thin plates W1,..., W4, and the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W is set to 3.0 mm. The laminated plywood B is composed of four oil palm thin plates W, and the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W is 2.5 mm + 3.0 mm + 3.0 mm + 2.5 mm. The laminated plywood C is composed of three oil palm thin plates W, and the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W is 2.5 mm + 3.0 mm + 2.5 mm. The laminated plywood D is composed of three oil palm thin plates W of 3.0 mm, and the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W is 3.0 mm + 3.0 mm + 3.0 mm. In the case of four sheets, the inside of the oil palm sheet W1 and the oil palm sheet W4 on the front and back surfaces, and in the case of three sheets, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath on the inside of the oil palm sheet W1 and the oil palm sheet W3 on the front and back surfaces. M2 is disposed.
The overall compressibility of the multilayer material NW before pressurization and the laminated plywood PW was calculated by the formula {(thickness of the multilayer material NW before pressurization) − (thickness of the laminated plywood PW)} / thickness of the multilayer material NW before pressurization. .

Here, in the severe bonding force test of applying 30 ° C. hot water and 60 ° C. hot water, the laminated plywood A and the laminated plywood B did not change within 90 minutes even when applied to 30 ° C. hot water. However, when immersed in hot water at 60 ° C., the laminated surface of laminated plywood B softened in 45 minutes, and the laminated surface of laminated plywood A softened in 60 minutes.
Moreover, in the laminated plywood C, the laminated surface softened in 30 minutes even when immersed in hot water at 30 ° C. That is, this is not a problem of 60 ° C. or higher of the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose, but it can be estimated that the influence of compressive force is exerted. When the compressive force is increased, air inside the laminated plywood C disappears and dense bonding is performed. However, if the compressive force is weak, only formal bonding is performed without crushing the fibers. It is estimated that the whole was softened. Of course, the laminated surface of the laminated plywood C softened in 15 minutes even when immersed in hot water at 60 ° C.
And the laminated plywood D is joined to 30 ° C. hot water for 45 minutes or less by increasing the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W and increasing the compression force, and even at 60 ° C. hot water for 15 minutes. I endure below. Therefore, it is a necessary requirement to increase the compression force. From the viewpoint of the compression rate, a compression rate of 60% or more, more preferably 65% or more is desirable. In particular, when the compression rate is 70% or more, the safety is increased. When the compression rate is low, it is desirable to apply a water-repellent coating agent to the surface.

That is, experimentally, when the compressibility is 65% or more, it is a multilayer material NW before pressurization in which the oil palm thin plates W are arranged so that the fiber (vascular bundle) lengths intersect each other at right angles, and Since the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W has a boundary line at 2.5 mm, it is preferably 2.5 mm or more. In particular, there are no conditions in which the laminated plywood PW is immersed in hot water at 30 ° C. in nature. Show.
In addition, the condition that the laminated plywood PW is immersed in hot water at 60 ° C. is to confirm the possibility that hemicellulose inhibits the binding between lignin and cellulose. If the compression ratio is 65% or more, It also indicates that it is difficult to appear.
However, since it means that the boundary line of the compressibility is about 65%, in mass production, it is desirably 65% or more, and the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W is also 3.0 mm or more. A thickness of 1 mm or more is desirable for the thickness after consolidation.

  In this experiment, the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 are disposed inside the oil palm thin plate W1 and the oil palm thin plate W3 in the inside of the four oil palm thin plates W1 and the oil palm thin plate W4. The result was the same as that in which the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 were not provided. That is, due to the presence of the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2, the thickness is formally increased and the compression rate is calculated even for a space not involved in compression. Therefore, the thickness of the multilayer material NW before pressurization ignores the apparent thickness of the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2, and only the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W is taken into account. Therefore, when the compression ratio is 65% or more only for the thickness of the oil palm thin plate W, it is estimated that the compression ratio is 70% or more.

  Furthermore, the inventors conducted experiments similar to those in Tables 2 and 3 using three oil palm base materials W each having a thickness of 4 mm. It was confirmed that the compression ratio was 48.75%, which was 50%, and it was not immersed in hot water at 60 ° C. That is, it was confirmed that the compression rate should be 50% or more, and if the compression rate was 40% or more, there was no practical problem.

  As described above, the laminated plywood according to the present embodiment is formed by stripping a predetermined length of oil palm trunk WD to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating it in the circumferential direction, and then compressing it. A lauan formed by stripping a predetermined length of lauan trunk, china trunk or conifer trunk from the outer circumference to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating at least one oil palm thin plate W having a thickness of 1 mm or more and a predetermined length of lauan trunk, china trunk or conifer trunk One or more of a thin plate, a Chinese thin plate, or a softwood thin plate is disposed facing the oil palm thin plate W, and these are compressed, fixed, and joined together. Moreover, a net such as a metal lath M1 and a metal lath M2 is disposed between the oil palm thin plates W, and a net such as the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 is joined between the oil palm thin plates W.

Accordingly, a net made of the metal lath M1 and the metal lath M2 is disposed between the oil palm thin plates W, and the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates W. In particular, the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates W. Since it is integrated, the amount of the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates W can be ensured without using other adhesives. It is.
In addition, one or more oil palm thin plates W and one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate W, and they are compressed, fixed, and joined together. Since it is a thing, the laminated plywood PW joined by the natural thing using the resin component and sugar component which the oil palm thin board W contains is obtained. Moreover, since one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate can be used as a core material or as a design surface, a laminated plywood PW suitable for the application can be manufactured.
Therefore, even if a thermosetting resin is applied to the surface of the cocoon thin plate Y1 facing the oil palm thin plate W2 in advance, it becomes a fee for using an adhesive of 1/4, and the use of a formaldehyde adhesive that causes sick house syndrome. The laminated plywood PW using the components inherently held by the oil palm is obtained.

  Since this oil palm trunk WD has no nodes and no annual rings, when the oil palm thin plate W is created by peeling it off from the outer periphery with a rotary race, a uniform oil palm thin plate W is obtained. As a result, the oil palm thin plate is obtained. The laminated plywood PW made of W is homogeneous. Moreover, since the joining force is changed by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself depending on the applied temperature and pressure, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and pressure. In the case where a plurality of oil palm thin plates W are joined by a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself to form the laminated plywood PW, other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are used as adhesives. Because it is not, it can be returned to nature and does not cause pollution problems.

Furthermore, the oil palm stem WD itself contains almost no voids in the oil palm thin plate W due to compressive force when joined by the action of resin components such as lignin and saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose, resulting in a dense structure. It is water-resistant and has excellent waterproofing and insect-proofing properties, and even if used as a building material, it has a long service life.
In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose, and it is unclear how much they interfere with each other when the oil palm trunk WD is naturally cultivated. However, it was confirmed that by raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature, for example, 80 ° C. or more of the reaction start temperature of lignin, the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose was 60 ° C. or more, and they reacted with each other to become firm characteristics.

  Since one or more metal laths M1 and M2 are arranged between the oil palm thin plates W and one or more nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates W, between the oil palm thin plates W. Since the nets are joined and integrated, the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates W is ensured without using other adhesives. Therefore, it is easy to join the oil palm thin plate W and the net, and even if the oil palm thin plate W tries to bend, the net does not expand or contract corresponding to the bend, so it can be provided as a means for preventing the bend. In addition, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, the surface on which the oil palm thin plates W are laminated is less likely to be bent.

  As described above, the laminated plywood of the present embodiment is formed by peeling a predetermined length of oil palm trunk WD to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating it in the circumferential direction, and then compacting it. A lauan formed by stripping a predetermined length of lauan trunk, china trunk or conifer trunk from the outer circumference to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating at least one oil palm thin plate W having a thickness of 1 mm or more and a predetermined length of lauan trunk, china trunk or conifer trunk One or more of a thin plate, a Chinese thin plate, or a softwood thin plate is disposed facing the oil palm thin plate W, and these are compressed, fixed, and joined together. Moreover, a net is provided between the oil palm thin plates W, and the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates W.

Therefore, what is necessary is just to arrange | position a net | network between the oil palm thin plates W, and join the net | network which consists of metal laths M1 and M2 between the oil palm thin plates W. Particularly, the nets are joined and integrated between the oil palm thin plates W, and the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W at the time of joining from the oil palm thin plates W is different from that of the other. It is ensured without using an adhesive.
In addition, one or more oil palm thin plates W and one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate W, and they are compressed, fixed, and joined together. Since it is a thing, the laminated plywood PW joined by the natural thing using the resin component and sugar component which the oil palm thin board W contains is obtained. Moreover, since one or more of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, and softwood thin plate can be used as a core material or as a design surface, a laminated plywood PW suitable for the application can be manufactured.
Therefore, the use of the formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, and a laminated plywood PW using the components that oil palm inherently has is obtained.

  Since this oil palm trunk WD has no nodes and no annual rings, when the oil palm thin plate W is created by peeling it off from the outer periphery with a rotary race, a uniform oil palm thin plate W is obtained. As a result, the oil palm thin plate is obtained. The laminated plywood PW made of W is homogeneous. Moreover, since the joining force is changed by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself depending on the applied temperature and pressure, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and pressure. In the case where a plurality of oil palm thin plates W are joined by a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself to form the laminated plywood PW, other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are used as adhesives. Because it is not, it can be returned to nature and does not cause pollution problems.

Furthermore, the oil palm stem WD itself contains almost no voids in the oil palm thin plate W due to compressive force when joined by the action of resin components such as lignin and saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose, resulting in a dense structure. It is water-resistant and has excellent waterproofing and insect-proofing properties, and even if used as a building material, it has a long service life.
In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose, and it is unclear how much they interfere with each other when the oil palm trunk WD is naturally cultivated. However, it was confirmed that by raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature, for example, 80 ° C. or more of the reaction start temperature of lignin, the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose was 60 ° C. or more, and they reacted with each other to become firm characteristics.
What is necessary is just to arrange | position a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates, and to join a net | network between the said oil palm thin plates. In particular, the nets are joined and integrated between the oil palm thin plates, and the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plates at the time of joining from the oil palm thin plates is another adhesion. It is ensured without using any agent.

Since one or more metal laths M1 and M2 are arranged between the oil palm thin plates W and one or more nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates W, between the oil palm thin plates W. Since the nets are joined and integrated, the amount of the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W at the time of joining from between the oil palm thin plates W is ensured without using other adhesives. Therefore, it is easy to join the oil palm thin plate W and the net, and even if the oil palm thin plate W tries to bend, the net does not expand or contract corresponding to the bend, so it can be provided as a means for preventing the bend. Moreover, by arranging the nets at a plurality of locations, bending is less likely to occur on the surface on which the oil palm thin plates are laminated.
Therefore, the use of the formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, and a laminated plywood PW using the components that oil palm inherently has is obtained.

  The laminated plywood PW of the above embodiment is formed by peeling a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD from the outer periphery with a rotary race while rotating it in the circumferential direction, and then compacting it. One or more oil palm thin plates W each having a length of 1 mm or more, and a lauan thin plate, a Chinese thin plate, or a coniferous thin plate in which a predetermined length of lauan or china or conifer trunk is formed in a plate shape in the length direction of the trunk One or more of them are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate, and they are joined together. A net is disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and the net is joined between the oil palm thin plates.

Accordingly, since the net made of one or more metal laths M1 and M2 is disposed between the oil palm thin plates W and one or more nets are joined between the oil palm thin plates W, the oil palm thin plates W are mutually connected. Since the nets are joined and integrated, the amount of the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W when joining from between the oil palm thin plates W is ensured without using any other adhesive. Therefore, it is easy to join the oil palm thin plate W and the net, and even if the oil palm thin plate W tries to bend, the net does not expand or contract corresponding to the bend, so it can be provided as a means for preventing the bend. it can. Moreover, it becomes difficult to produce bending with respect to the surface which laminated | stacked the oil palm thin board W by arrange | positioning a net | network in a several location.
Therefore, the use of the formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, and a laminated plywood PW using the components that oil palm inherently has is obtained.

  Also, at least one oil palm sheet W that has been compacted and one or more of Lauan sheet, China sheet, and softwood sheet are placed facing the oil palm sheet W, and they are joined together. Therefore, when the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W are insufficient, an adhesive is added and bonded to one or more of the lauan thin plate, the china thin plate, and the softwood thin plate. Thus, a desired laminated plywood PW is manufactured. Therefore, since the adhesive is used when the resin component and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W are insufficient, the use of the formaldehyde adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, A laminated plywood PW utilizing the components it has is obtained.

The laminated plywood PW of the above embodiment is formed by peeling a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD from the outer periphery with a rotary race while rotating it in the circumferential direction, and then compacting it. One or more oil palm thin plates W each having a length of 1 mm or more, and a lauan thin plate formed by peeling a predetermined length of lauan trunk, china trunk or conifer tree trunk from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness while rotating in the circumferential direction, Or, one or more of China thin plate or softwood thin plate is arranged facing the oil palm thin plate W, and they are joined together. It is premised on a thin plate formed by peeling off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness.
However, at least one of Lawan, Sina, or conifer is one or more of Lawan, Sina, or conifer, which has a predetermined length of Lauan or Sina or conifer tree trunks formed in a plate shape in the length direction of the trunk. It is also possible to arrange the plate facing the oil palm thin plate and join them together.
At this time, the joint may be compressed as a position process of the consolidation process, or may be compression for joining separately from the consolidation process.

That is, the laminated plywood PW of the above embodiment is formed by peeling a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD from the outer periphery with a rotary race while rotating the oil palm trunk WD in the circumferential direction, and then compacting it Lawan, China, conifers in which one or more oil palm sheets W having a thickness of 1 mm or more and a trunk of other wood such as Lawan or China or conifers of a predetermined length are formed in a plate shape in the length direction of the trunk One or more pieces of wood such as the above can be arranged facing the oil palm thin plate W, and they can be integrally joined.
Therefore, at least one compacted oil palm sheet W and one or more sheets of Lauan, China, or conifer are arranged facing the oil palm sheet W, and they are joined together. Therefore, if the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W are insufficient, it is desirable to add an adhesive to one or more joining objects of Lauan, China, and conifers, The laminated plywood PW is obtained.
Therefore, the use of the formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, and a laminated plywood PW using the components that oil palm inherently has is obtained.

One or more oil palm thin plates W arranged facing the oil palm thin plate W of the above embodiment and integrally joined, and one or more of the Lauan thin plate, the China thin plate or the softwood thin plate are integrally joined. The laminated plywood PW uses a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W for joining, and compresses and fixes them and integrally joins them.
Therefore, one or more oil palm sheets W and one or more of Lauan sheets, China sheets, or softwood sheets are used as laminated plywood PW, and are integrally formed using the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm sheets W. Since it can be joined, the use of a formaldehyde-based adhesive that causes sick house syndrome is suppressed, and a laminated plywood PW using components inherently possessed by the oil palm trunk WD is obtained.

  The resin palm and the sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W are used for joining one or more oil palm thin plates W which are arranged facing the oil palm thin plate W of the above embodiment and are integrally joined. In addition to the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate W, other adhesives are added to the joint surface integrally joined with one or more of the China thin plate or the softwood thin plate, For joining one or more oil palm sheets W, the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm sheets W are used, and one or more of either Lauan sheets, China sheets, or softwood sheets are also firmly bonded. Therefore, the use of a formaldehyde adhesive that causes sick house syndrome can be suppressed, and a laminated plywood PW using components inherently possessed by oil palm can be obtained.

The thin plate process is a process in which the oil palm trunk WD having the predetermined length according to the above embodiment is rotated in the circumferential direction and peeled with the blade CT from the outer periphery to the predetermined thickness by the rotary race to form the lauan thin plate and the oil palm thin plate W. be able to. In addition, the process of drying the lauan thin plate and the oil palm thin plate W may be the same process as the process of forming the lauan thin plate and the oil palm thin plate W or may be a separate process, and this may be a drying process. it can.
And the process of laminating the dried lauan thin plate and oil palm thin plate W as a multilayer material NW before pressurization in a predetermined state is usually used by laminating in units of 2 to 5 sheets. Specifically, it may be a lamination process of two or more sheets, and this can be used as a lamination process.
In particular, by reducing the number of lauan thin plates less than the number of oil palm thin plates W, the use of formaldehyde adhesives that cause sick house syndrome is suppressed to less than 1/2 compared to at least conventional laminated plywood. Can do.

  Since the net made of the metal laths M1 and M2 disposed between the oil palm thin plates W and joined between the oil palm thin plates W is a wire net, the molding temperature of the oil palm thin plate W can be arbitrarily set. Also, the mechanical strength can be increased.

  The net made of metal laths M1 and M2 disposed between the oil palm thin plates W and joined between the oil palm thin plates W is a net of chemical fibers or plant fibers. Here, the net | network which consists of a chemical fiber or a vegetable fiber can make use of the net | network inconspicuous. Also, the mechanical strength is increased. In the case of chemical fibers, if they are bonded at the bonding temperature between the oil palm thin plates W and the melting temperature of the melting temperature of the chemical fibers, a strong integration becomes possible due to a synergistic effect.

Further, in the step of heating to raise the temperature of the oil palm thin plate W and the metal laths M1, M2 and the fired thin plate Y1, which are laminated after the laminating step, heat or hot plate is introduced by introducing water vapor or electric heat. The step of performing can be a heating step because heating energy is supplied. Furthermore, with respect to the stacked cocoon thin plate Y1, oil palm thin plate W and metal laths M1 and M2 heated by the heating step, a direction perpendicular to the surface of the cocoon thin plate Y1, oil palm thin plate W and metal laths M1 and M2 is provided. The step of applying the compressive force may be performed by compressing the thin plate Y1, the oil palm thin plate W, and the metal laths M1 and M2, that is, the multilayer material NW before pressurization, at a predetermined compression rate. This step can be a compression step.
In addition, after compressing for a predetermined time in the compression step, the temperature supplied in the heating step is lowered, the compression state of the laminated plywood PW is fixed, and the compression force compressed at a predetermined compression rate is released. This can be taken from the laminated plywood PW and used as an immobilization process.

  As described above, the laminated plywood PW of the above-described embodiment is a plurality of oil palm thin plates W that are peeled off by the cutter CT from the outer periphery to the predetermined thickness by the rotary race while rotating the oil palm thin plate W of a predetermined length in the circumferential direction. From the step S12 formed in step S10, the step S11 drying the oil palm sheet W, and the step S12 laminating a plurality of oil palm sheets W dried in the drying step in a predetermined state. A laminating step, a heating step comprising heating S16 to raise the temperature of the lauan thin plate and oil palm thin plate W laminated after the laminating step, and the laminated oil palm heated by the heating step. While controlling the thin plate W from extending in a direction parallel to the surface of the oil palm thin plate W, the oil palm thin plate And compressing for a predetermined time by applying a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface, and after pressing for a predetermined time in the compression step, the temperature supplied in the heating step is lowered and cooled. The immobilization process comprising step S19 for immobilization is provided.

  Therefore, since the oil palm trunk WD used in these steps has no nodes and no annual rings, when the oil palm thin plate W is created by peeling it off from the outer periphery with a rotary race, a uniform oil palm thin plate W is obtained, As a result, the laminated plywood PW made of the oil palm thin plate W is homogeneous. In addition, since the bonding force can be changed by the action of resin components such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, depending on the applied temperature and compressive force, the control of the applied temperature and compressive force is possible. Arbitrary adhesive strength can be obtained. And since the lauan thin plate and oil palm thin plate W are joined by the action of a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the laminated plywood PW is formed. Since other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are not used as adhesives, they can be returned to nature without causing pollution problems. Furthermore, the oil palm stem WD itself contains almost no voids in the oil palm thin plate W due to compressive force when joined by the action of resin components such as lignin and saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose, resulting in a dense structure. It is water-resistant and has excellent waterproofing and insect-proofing properties, and has a long service life even when used as a building material.

Manufacture of the laminated plywood of the said embodiment can be generalized as embodiment of the manufacturing method of a laminated plywood as follows.
A process of peeling the oil palm trunk WD of a predetermined length from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race while rotating it in the circumferential direction with a blade CT to form a plurality of oil palm thin plates W, and a trunk other than the oil palm of a predetermined length, For example, a thin plate process comprising step S10 comprising a step of rotating a lauan stem in the circumferential direction with a rotary race to a predetermined thickness from the outer periphery with a cutter CT and forming it into a thin plate such as a single lauan thin plate, and the thin plate The drying process comprising step S11 for drying other thin plates such as the oil palm thin plate W and the lauan thin plate formed in the process, and other thin plates such as the oil palm thin plate W and the lauan thin plate dried in the drying step in a predetermined state A plurality of layers laminated in step S12, and the oil palm sheet W and lauan sheet laminated after the layering process. The heating process comprising step S16 for heating to raise the temperature of the other thin plate, and the other components such as the laminated oil palm thin plate W and lauan thin plate heated by the heating step, the oil palm thin plate W and the straw While being restricted by the positioning hole 18 or the frame 20 from extending in the direction parallel to the surface of another thin plate such as the thin plate Y1, the oil palm thin plate W and the other thin plate surface such as the cocoon thin plate Y1 are perpendicular to each other. The compression process comprising step S17 for compressing for a predetermined time by applying the compression force and the temperature at which other thin plates such as the oil palm thin plate W and the cocoon thin plate Y1 compressed in the compression step for a predetermined time are supplied in the heating step It can be set as the manufacturing method of the laminated plywood which comprises the fixing process which consists of step S19 which descend | falls and fixes.

  Any one of the five lauan thin plates, the Chinese thin plate or the softwood thin plate in the laminating step for laminating the straw thin plate Y1 and the oil palm thin plate W dried in the drying step of the above embodiment in a predetermined state and the oil palm The frame body 20 or the positioning hole 18 for positioning each side of the thin plates W2,..., W5 is the frame body 20 or the positioning hole 18 that regulates a predetermined stacking surface. It regulates the left and right. Therefore, the thin plate W is prevented from extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface to which the compressive force is applied, and a thick portion and a thin portion are not generated depending on the position of the laminated plywood PW.

  In the laminated plywood PW of the above-described embodiment, a plurality of laminated oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 is a lauan thin plate other than the oil palm thin plate W, a Chinese thin plate, or a softwood thin plate. The laminated plywood PW is integrally joined including at least one of Lauan thin plate, China thin plate or softwood thin plate other than the oil palm thin plate W. In this way, the laminated plywood PW formed by integrally joining the oil palm thin plates W2,..., W5 in the joining composition of the oil palm thin plates W2,. By arranging one oil palm thin plate W1 of the thin plates W2,..., W5 as the cocoon thin plate Y1 other than the oil palm thin plate W, the cocoon thin plate Y1 is arranged on one exposed surface as shown in FIG. The oil palm thin plates W1,..., W5 can be joined with the adhesive ability. Moreover, it can be set as the design which utilized the grain arrange | positioned in the exposed surface of those one sides. Accordingly, only one surface of the laminated plywood PW can be made of thin wood made of other materials. In particular, it is suitable for use as a decorative board.

In the laminating step of laminating a plurality of cocoon thin plates Y1 and oil palm thin plates W in a predetermined state in the above embodiment, one or both end surfaces of one side of the multi-layered cocoon thin plates Y1 and oil palm thin plates W Are made of wood other than the oil palm thin plate W, and are joined together as a laminated plywood PW including a thin plate other than the oil palm thin plate W. Here, the oil palm thin plate W can be 1 or more.
Of course, the wood other than the oil palm thin plate W may be the cocoon thin plate Y1, or may be a Chinese thin plate or a coniferous thin plate instead of the cocoon thin plate Y1. Alternatively, one or a combination of the two can be used.

  Since the drying process of step S11 of the manufacturing method of the laminated plywood of this Embodiment dries the moisture content of the oil palm thin board W in the range of 10%-30%, a crack, a deformation | transformation, a swelling, a rupture, etc. Is prevented. Therefore, more stable dimensional shape is ensured and the yield is high. Moreover, when the moisture content is in a dry state within a range of 10% to 30%, it is also suitable for joining with a Lauan thin plate, a Chinese thin plate, a conifer thin plate, or the like.

  Since the heating temperature in the heating step of Step S11 in the production of the laminated plywood of the present embodiment is within the range of 110 ° C to 170 ° C, immobilization failure in the consolidation process and poor bonding between the woods, Material deterioration such as surface carbonization and lowering of material strength can be prevented. In addition, when the heating temperature is in the range of 110 ° C. to 170 ° C., it is also suitable for joining to a Lauan thin plate, a Chinese thin plate, a conifer thin plate, or the like.

Since the predetermined compression pressure by the compression process of step S17 in the production of the laminated plywood according to the present embodiment is in the range of 1 to 100 kg / cm ² , immobilization failure or poor connection between woods in consolidation processing. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of a surface crack can be prevented. It was confirmed that there was no problem in joining with Lauan sheet, China sheet, conifer sheet.

In the production of the laminated plywood according to the present embodiment, the time required for the heating process in step S16 and the compression process in step S17 is in the range of 10 minutes to 120 minutes. Bonding failure and carbonization of the surface can be prevented. It has been confirmed by the inventors' experiments that there is no problem in joining with Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, coniferous thin plate and the like.
Furthermore, the composition that contributes to the consolidation of the oil palm base material W of the present embodiment includes resin components such as lignin and the cellulose, hemicellulose, etc., which the oil palm base material W made from the oil palm trunk WD having a predetermined length. The sugar component. In addition, although the inventors' analysis has recognized that the resin component such as lignin and the saccharide component such as cellulose and hemicellulose are the main compositions, the involvement of other components cannot be denied if the analysis ability is improved. Even if it is small, it cannot be denied that there may be other components that contribute to consolidation.

  In addition, oil palm leaves, empty fruit bunches, roots, etc. are cut into chips and may be treated by an organic waste fermentation treatment method that is composted (composted) by aerobic bacterial treatment, The empty fruit bunch may be subjected to other practical treatments. Moreover, it can also grind | pulverize finely and can extract components, such as a cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and it can also be used for integration of the metal laths M1 and M2.

WD Oil palm trunk CT Cutlery W, W1,..., W5 Oil palm thin plate UWD Continuous thin plate Y1 Thin plate PW Laminated plywood NW Multi-layer material MC before pressurization Multi-layered material manufacturing apparatus IS Internal space 10 Press panel 18 Positioning hole 20 Frame body

Claims (7)

A plurality of oil palm thin plates formed by peeling a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm to a predetermined thickness in the circumferential direction;
Wherein disposed between the oil palm sheet another and and a net are joined between the oil palm sheet each other,
The net is disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and the oil palm thin plate and the net are integrally joined by consolidation using a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm thin plate. Characteristic laminated plywood. A plurality of oil palm thin plates formed by peeling a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm to a predetermined thickness in the circumferential direction;
A net disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and joined between the oil palm thin plates;
Either lauan or sina or conifer thin plate, which is formed by peeling the trunk of lauan or sina or conifer with a predetermined length in the circumferential direction, and is arranged facing the oil palm thin plate. ; and a one or more of,
The net is disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and one or more of the oil palm thin plates and one or more of the Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, or softwood thin plate are the oil palm thin plates. to be positioned facing, laminated plywood characterized in that they are joined together by compaction using a resin component and sugar component containing said oil palm sheet. A plurality of oil palm thin plates, each of which is formed by peeling a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm to a predetermined thickness in the circumferential direction, and a thickness of 1 mm or more by compaction processing ;
A net disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and joined between the oil palm thin plates;
One of Lauan, China, or coniferous thin plate, which is formed in a plate shape in the length direction of the trunk, and Lauan thin plate , Chinese thin plate , or coniferous thin plate is formed in the length direction of the trunk. ; and a more sheets,
The net is disposed between the oil palm thin plates, and one or more of the oil palm thin plates and one or more of the Lauan thin plate, China thin plate, or softwood thin plate are the oil palm thin plates. to be positioned facing, laminated plywood characterized in that they are joined together by compaction using a resin component and sugar component containing said oil palm sheet. Disposed facing the oil palm sheet, the bonding of a plurality of oil palm sheet are joined together, by using a resin component and a sugar component the oil palm sheet contains, lauan sheet or Sina sheet or the bonding surfaces are bonded together with any of one or more softwood sheet, and wherein the oil palm sheet is in addition to the resin component and sugar component containing, are added other adhesive The laminated plywood according to claim 2 or 3, wherein Number of the oil palm thin plate, laminated plywood according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it is more than the number of sheet other than the oil palm sheet. Wherein disposed between the oil palm sheet cross, nets are joined between the oil palm sheet mutually laminated plywood according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a wire mesh. Disposed between the oil palm sheet cross, nets are joined between the oil palm sheet mutually to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that it is a chemical fiber or web of plant fibers The laminated plywood described.

Images