JP5963195B2 - Oil palm compact - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to joining with an adhesive or the like obtained from oil palm (oil palm), which is a kind of palm. It is related with the oil palm compaction material which joined the thin plate. This oil palm compact is used for building floor materials and wall materials, building materials such as partition materials, furniture materials, boats and other boats, other indoor and outdoor decks and play equipment, and exterior and interior of vehicle body bodies. It can be done.
In general, “board” is described as “thin timber thin and flat” or “thin metal or stone thin and flat” according to Kojien, but here, oil palm is made of wood. Although it does not have properties, it has properties close to bamboo, but oil palm also “thinly flattened” is referred to as “peeling plate”. Moreover, since there is no term which refers to the material of oil palm in detail, it will call with the concept similar to wood. And the building material means the material in the form of a flat plate used for the building and the material for household goods, and the oil palm compaction material is the material in the form used for building and household goods using at least oil palm. Means.

  In general, an oil palm tree consists of a single trunk and reaches a height of 10 to 20 m or more. The leaves are wing-shaped and about 3-5 m long, about 30 young trees a year, and about 20 new trees grow over 10 years old. The flower is composed of 3 petals and 3 buds, each forming a small but dense group, and it takes about 6 months from fruiting to fruit ripening. The fruit consists of a fleshy flesh (medium peel) with a lot of oil and one seed that is also rich in oil, and the weight of the fruit is about 40-50 kg per bunch.

  It has been cultivated in plantations in Southeast Asia since the latter half of the 19th century. Palm oil, a vegetable oil extracted from oil palm, is more productive and cheaper than other vegetable oils such as soybeans and rapeseed. Therefore, it is used for foods such as margarine and oil for fried foods. It is also widely used in soaps and cosmetics. In recent years, palm oil has been imported into Japan from Southeast Asia such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Therefore, generally speaking, the term “oil palm” may refer to the meaning of fats and oils that can be taken from the pulp and seeds and the trunk of oil palm.

In general, oil palm is a collective term for plants classified into the genus Palmae, and is famous for two types: Elaeis guineensis, native to West Africa, and Elaeis oleifera, native to Latin America. Among the cultivars, there is a hybrid of Guinea oil palm and American oil palm. In particular, oil palm (oil palm), which is a kind of palm used as a raw material for vegetable oils and fats, may be referred to as “oil palm”.
In other words, oil palm takes fats and oils from pulp and seeds, and the amount of fats and oils obtained per unit area is superior to other plants, so large-scale plantations mainly in Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia as commercial crops. Because agriculture is carried out, it may be becoming more prominent to call the oil and fat “oil palm”.
However, in the present invention, it does not mean the oil palm of fats and oils that can be taken from the pulp and seeds, but the trunk of the oil palm itself or the whole plant is called oil palm.

  Patent applications dealing with this oil palm include those disclosed in Patent Document 1 (invention dealing with empty fruit bunch). In patent document 1, the manufacturing method of the building material using oil palm is disclosed. Specifically, after the palm fiber is washed, it is dried so that the dry oil becomes 95%, and the dried palm fiber is broken and cut in units of 1 to 1.5 cm to produce a palm fiber chip. Pulverizing the dried palm fiber with a particle size of 200 mesh, pulverizing bamboo with a particle size of 200 mesh, the palm fiber chip, the palm fiber powder, the bamboo powder, and the bioceramic powder Are prepared in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1 to produce a main raw material, a step of extracting fly ash having a particle size of 200 mesh from coal carbide, a flame inhibitor and a heat resistant resin. A step of producing a binder by mixing and melting a flame retardant resin for curing at a ratio of 1: 1, 20-30% by weight of the produced binder, 50-60% by weight of the mixed main raw material, fly ash 2 A step of mixing -25% by weight of powder and kneading in a high liquid state, a step of passing the bend through a forming part that radiates a temperature of 150 to 200 ° C. and baking it first, and the baked molded product Rolling between a plurality of upper roller groups and lower roller groups that are arranged so that the intervals gradually become narrower toward the rear side and gradually rolling to a thin thickness; A step of freezing at 0 to 4 ° C. while passing through a cooling part composed of a number of upper roller groups and a lower roller group, and a step of cutting the molded product by a unit of a certain length by a blade that is raised and lowered by a cutting cylinder It consists of processes.

  In this patent document 1, not only is it harmless to the human body by using palm fiber as the main raw material, but the palm fiber is cut with 1 to 1.5 cm and used together with palm fiber powder. It becomes a solid building material by acting as a temporary bridge with other contents, and antibacterial and deodorizing functions can be realized by bamboo and bioceramics. Further, generation of far infrared rays and anions can be expected without generating mold. And nonflammable waste material can be recycled and manufacturing cost becomes cheap. Furthermore, since no toxic gas is generated from all the compositions, it is said to be highly safe as a building material.

Further, in Patent Document 2 (invention dealing with empty fruit bunches), the plate-like body or molded body is made by attaching a resin having rubber-like elasticity to the oil palm fibers obtained by defibrating the empty fruit bunches of oil palm. A plate-like body or a molded body obtained by compression molding.
Therefore, the oil palm fiber obtained by defibrating the empty fruit bunch of oil palm has a fiber repellent property because, for example, palm oil adheres to the fiber surface compared to other palm fibers such as coconut palm fiber. The aqueous solution is excellent, and the amount of cellulose and lignin contained in the fiber is relatively large, so that the water resistance is excellent. In addition, the oil palm fiber has a high fiber strength, a large fiber diameter, and a long fiber length as compared with other palm fibers such as a coconut fiber, and therefore has excellent dimensional stability. In addition, since the oil palm fiber has large irregularities on the surface and high bending strength, and the entanglement between the fibers is large, the dimensional stability is also enhanced by this. Therefore, this plate-shaped body or molded body is excellent in dimensional stability during water absorption and moisture absorption.
And since the irregularities on the surface of the oil palm fiber are large, the resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity penetrates into the voids on the surface of the oil palm fiber and solidifies or hardens, which acts like a nail or wedge, so-called anchor effect. Therefore, the oil palm fiber is strongly bonded to the resin having rubber-like elasticity. This is also considered to contribute to the improvement of dimensional stability at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption.

The oil palm fiber is superior in elasticity recovery properties, for example, because the fiber has a large rigidity and strength, a large fiber diameter, and a long fiber length, compared to other palm fibers such as coconut fiber. Yes. Further, the oil palm fiber has high fiber bending strength and large entanglement between the fibers, so that the elastic recovery is improved. And the resin which shows rubber-like elasticity has high elastic recovery property. Therefore, a plate-like body or molded body in which oil palm fibers are connected by a resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity exhibits excellent elastic recovery, good walking feeling and cushioning properties, and good sound insulation.
Since this plate-like body or molded body uses oil palm fiber, less labor is required for defibration, etc., compared to other types of palm fiber, so that manufacturing costs and energy can be reduced, and the product is inexpensive. Become. For example, coconut fiber is immersed in water for a long period of time to soften the coconut shell, and then requires a great deal of energy for a long period of time to be mechanically fibrillated. On the other hand, oil palm defibrates empty fruit bunches that are originally in the form of fibers, so that there is no need for immersion in water, and very little energy is required for defibration. In addition, oil palm fibers have less dusting properties than coconut fibers, and the working environment can be prevented from deteriorating in handling.
Furthermore, since a large gap is formed between the fibers of the oil palm fiber, when a resin exhibiting rubber-like elasticity is supplied by spraying or dipping, the resin adheres evenly to all the fibers through the gap, and the strength distribution is A plate state of being uniform is obtained.

And in patent document 3 (invention of an oil palm trunk), the technique of the plywood which made the adhesive penetrate | infiltrate the fiber exposed on the surface of the several single board bonded together with the adhesive agent is disclosed.
The palm plywood according to Patent Document 3 includes a plurality of single plates bonded with a resin adhesive, and at least one of the plurality of single plates is a palm single plate, and the palm single plate A resin adhesive is infiltrated into the palm fiber exposed on the surface. By using a palm veneer that can be manufactured from a palm trunk of inexpensive waste material, the surface is treated with a resin adhesive without using a veneer veneer with relatively good quality as a face and a back. Therefore, plywood is manufactured at low cost.
Moreover, the palm plywood of patent document 3 uses all the single veneers as palm veneers, uses only palm veneers that can be manufactured from palm trunks of inexpensive waste materials, and bonds them together with a resin adhesive. Also good. The resin adhesive permeated into the palm fiber at this time is the same type as the resin adhesive that bonds a plurality of single plates. Since the resin adhesive is the same system, the plywood can be manufactured at low cost. Here, the term “same system” includes the same resin adhesive and a composition whose composition (for example, composition ratio) is changed.

And the palm plywood of patent document 3 makes the palm fiber penetrate | infiltrate a resin adhesive after grind | polishing the surface which makes a palm fiber osmose | permeate a resin adhesive, reduces the palm fiber which protrudes from the plywood surface, and resin to palm fiber. The adhesive is permeated. This plywood manufacturing method includes a step of bonding a plurality of veneers with an adhesive, a step of polishing a surface of the plurality of veneers that allows the adhesive to penetrate into exposed fibers, and a polished surface. Applying adhesive to infiltrate the adhesive into the fiber and drying the adhesive, which makes it possible to use a relatively good quality wood veneer as a face and back without using it Plywood can be manufactured at cost.
Thus, according to Patent Document 3, a plywood, a palm plywood, and a plywood manufacturing method that can be manufactured at a low cost without using a single veneer of a relatively good quality tree as a face and a back are disclosed. Yes.

JP 2009-166342 A JP-A-10-8696 JP 2011-68015 A

As described above, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 both use oil palm fibers obtained by defibrating empty fruit bunches of oil palm fruits, and do not directly use oil palm trunks. Absent. However, the trunk of the oil palm is 20 m or more in mature wood, and its utilization is desired because it is a volume ratio occupying 90 to 95% of the whole.
Especially in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, oil palm is cultivated for the production of palm oil, but the empty fruit bunch after palm oil collection contains a lot of fiber etc. Is used in various applications such as fiber boards. However, palm trunks that are harvested every year are not used effectively and are currently being disposed of.
Patent Document 3 discloses a process in which at least one outermost single plate is bonded to a palm single plate with a plurality of resin adhesives, and the surface of the palm single plate is a resin adhesive on the exposed palm fibers. Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a plywood, comprising: a step of polishing a surface that impregnates a surface; a step of applying a resin adhesive to the polished surface to infiltrate the resin adhesive into palm fibers; and a step of drying the resin adhesive. ing. However, there is no explanation on how to apply resin adhesive to palm veneer and how to penetrate resin adhesive into exposed palm fiber, and the specific method of manufacturing plywood is unknown It is. At least, it is premised on the use of a resin adhesive in which a palm single plate is bonded with a plurality of resin adhesives.

  Therefore, the present invention uses a trunk of oil palm, without adding a component different from the component that the oil palm itself originally has, a peeling plate peeled off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness or a predetermined width and An object of the present invention is to provide an oil palm compacted material obtained by joining a lumber plate having a thickness and a length taken.

In the oil palm compact according to the invention of claim 1, a predetermined width and thickness from a peeling plate or a predetermined length of oil palm trunk, which is obtained by peeling a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm from its outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race. The trunk of the oil palm is formed by laminating a plurality of the release plates and / or the lumber plates with a lumber plate that has been cut in the same manner as the length of wood, and each thickness is 1 mm or more. The resin component and the sugar component contained therein are joined so as not to be partially deficient.
Here, the oil palm trunk having a predetermined length, that is, the oil palm trunk is rotated in the circumferential direction thereof and peeled to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race to form a release plate is a thin plate with a predetermined thickness with the rotary race. It means to use the board peeled off and peeled.
Further, the temperature of the release plate when the temperature of the release plate is increased and the release plate is compressed by applying a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the release plate and joined integrally to the plywood. The rise may be either steam heating or hot plate heating, and both of them can be used at the same time. Also, the compression pressure is such as resin components such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk itself on the joint surface, cellulose, and hemicellulose. It is sufficient that sugars such as can be derived.
Note that the joining here includes mechanical joining utilizing the forming ability because the release plate of the oil palm trunk has the ability to be formed into an uneven surface opposite to the uneven surface.
When practicing the present invention, a plurality of the release plates and / or the lumber plates may be stacked and consolidated to form a columnar or plate-shaped oil palm consolidated material.

In particular, by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the release plate and / or the lumber plate, the release plate and / or the lumber plate are joined together by a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk itself, and integrated. It is formed as a plywood. At this time, by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the release plate and / or the lumber plate, the release plate and / or the action of resin components such as lignin and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose contained in the trunk of the oil palm itself. Alternatively, a plurality of the lumber plates are joined together. In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose and can be firmly joined.
For example, if the thickness before compression is 2.5 mm and the compression ratio is 65%, the material that has been consolidated is 0.88 mm. However, in this state, the oil palm fiber is thick as 0.2 to 1.0 mm in diameter, and a long-life oil palm compact is not obtained due to factors such as strong formation of voids in the joint area. However, if the thickness before compression is 3 mm and the compression ratio is 65%, the material subjected to consolidation is 1.05 mm. In this state, the oil palm fibers are thick with a diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, and strong, but the resin component such as lignin and cellulose from the side of the release plate having a thickness of 3 mm before the compacting process, and cellulose, Saccharides such as hemicellulose are supplied, and voids are not formed, resulting in a long-life oil palm compact. Therefore, the thickness of the release plate and / or the lumber plate may be any thickness that is 1 mm or more in a compacted state.
Here, the compacting means the one in which the peeling plate and / or the lumber plate are compressed at a predetermined temperature and cooled and fixed so as to maintain the compressed state. It means the state to add.

The oil palm compacted material according to the invention of claim ² has a compressive force of 1 to 100 kg / cm ² or more in an environment at a temperature of 120 ° C. or more, and the thickness after the consolidation of the release plate and / or the lumber plate is 1 mm. As mentioned above, the said peeling board and / or the said lumber board are joined.
In particular, if the environmental temperature to be compressed is in the range of 120 to 210 ° C. and the compression force is set to the final thickness and a compression limit higher than that is set, it is sufficient to control only the compression speed. For example, the compression speed can be used within a range of 5 to 40 [min] from the start to the end of the compacting process. The treatment time varies depending on the age, dryness, thickness, etc. of the oil palm. However, in general, an oil palm compact can be processed in a range of 5 to 20 [min]. To this, a fixing step of fixing to maintain the compressed state by cooling is added 5 to 10 [min].

The oil palm compact material according to claim 1 is a release plate that is peeled off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race while rotating the oil palm trunk of a predetermined length in the circumferential direction, a predetermined width from the oil palm trunk of a predetermined length, and In a lumber board in which thickness and length are cut in the same manner as wood, a plurality of the peeling boards and / or the lumber boards are joined by a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk itself. .
Therefore, the surface of the release plate peeled to a predetermined thickness is used as a joint surface having an adhesion function, and the plurality of release plates are controlled by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the release plate and / or the lumber plate. It is joined with a resin component such as lignin and a saccharide component such as cellulose and hemicellulose, which are obtained by compacting to a thickness of about 1 mm or more by consolidation processing contained in the trunk itself.

Therefore, the oil palm trunk has no nodes and no annual rings, and when stripping off a predetermined thickness from the outer periphery with a rotary race, a predetermined width, thickness and length are taken from the oil palm trunk of a predetermined length. When producing a lumber plate, a uniform release plate and a lumber plate are obtained in all cases, and as a result, the release plate and / or a plywood made of a plurality of the lumber plates are homogeneous. Moreover, since the joining force is changed by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk itself depending on the applied temperature and compressive force, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and compressive force. Since the plurality of release plates are joined by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk itself to form the plywood, other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are used as adhesives. Because it is not, it can be returned to nature and will not cause pollution problems. Furthermore, because of the compressive force when joined by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk itself, there is almost no void in the release plate, resulting in a dense structure, water resistance, and waterproofing. It is rich in insect repellent and has a long service life even when used as a building material.
Moreover, also when forming a wide flat board, a wide board is obtained by connecting the said peeling board and / or the said board | plate material sideways.
And the peeling plate at the time of raising the temperature of the peeling plate and compressing it by applying a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the peeling plate and / or the plate material and integrally joining the laminated plywood The temperature rise may be either steam heating or hot plate heating, and both may be used simultaneously, and the compression pressure is a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk itself on the joint surface and Since it is sufficient that sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose can be derived, the degree of manufacturing freedom is high.
Note that the joining here includes mechanical joining utilizing the forming ability because the release plate of the oil palm trunk has the ability to be formed into an uneven surface opposite to the uneven surface.

The oil palm compacted material according to claim 2 is a process of compacting the release plate and the plate material with a compressive force of 1 to 100 kg / cm ² or more in an environment of 120 ° C. or higher in the release plate and / or the lumber plate. The oil palm trunk itself is controlled by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the release plate and / or the lumber plate in addition to the effect of claim 1 since the subsequent thickness is 1 mm or more. Means that a plurality of the release plates and / or the lumber plates are joined to form a plywood by the action of a resin component such as lignin and saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose. In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose and can be firmly joined. Moreover, since the thickness after the compaction processing of the peeling plate and the lumber plate is 1 mm or more and the peeling plate and / or the lumber plate are joined, even if the oil palm fiber is strong, the thickness before compression is Since resin components such as lignin and saccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose are supplied to the joint area from the oil palm release plate side of 3 mm or more, voids are not formed, and a long-life oil palm compact is obtained.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a production process of a release plate by a rotary race in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a stacking positional relationship of release plates for forming a plywood in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a method of laminating a release plate for forming a plywood in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a combined state (a), a laminated state (b), and a consolidated state (c) of plywood in the oil palm consolidated material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a compacted material manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a plywood in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams for producing a plywood in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of supply of unprocessed wood as a raw material, and FIG. Explanatory drawing, (c) is explanatory drawing by the sealing heating compression start state, (d) is explanatory drawing of the vapor pressure control processing by sealing heating compression state, (e) is explanatory drawing by a sealing cooling state, (f) is compacting processing It is explanatory drawing of taking-out of the made wood (plastic working material). FIG. 7: is explanatory drawing of the frame for manufacturing the plywood in the oil palm compact material of embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing (b) by a perspective view (a) and cutting line AA. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view (a) for obtaining a lumber board that has been cut from the oil palm trunk in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention, an explanatory view (b) showing the fiber state of the oil palm trunk, and an oil It is explanatory drawing (c) of the lumber board which performed board cutting from the palm trunk. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a joined state of a lumber board that has been cut from the oil palm trunk in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a lamination method for forming another plywood in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the density and size of the vascular bundle from the outer periphery of the oil palm trunk toward the center in the oil palm compacted material according to the embodiment of the present invention, where (a) divides the center from the bark into four equal parts. FIG. 4 is a photomicrograph of the outermost sampling position, (b) an adjacent position divided into four equal parts, (c) an adjacent position divided into four equal parts, and (d) a center position divided into four equal parts. FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a cross section of the oil palm base material in the embodiment of the present invention before the compacting process (a) and after the compacting process (b).

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that, in the embodiments, the same symbols and the same reference numerals in the drawings are the same or corresponding functional parts, and therefore, redundant description thereof is omitted here.

[Embodiment]
First, the oil palm trunk used in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Become. In other words, there are no annual rings like Japanese timber and cedar, and the fibers are thick with a diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm and strong in the length direction of the oil palm trunk. It extends.

The components of the oil palm trunk vary depending on the place of production, but the difference is slight, and generally 30.6% by weight of cellulose, 33.2% by weight of hemicellulose, lignin (total lignin 28.5% by weight = Klarson lignin 24) 0.7% by weight + acid-soluble lignin 3.8% by weight), extracted component 3.6% by weight, and ash content 4.1% by weight. It is also described in Characterization in Chemical Composition of the Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) (Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, 87, 383-388 (2008)).
A fiber having a diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm that can be visually recognized is formed by resin components such as lignin, sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, pores, and the like.

Formation of the oil palm peeling board which comprises the plywood concerning this Embodiment is demonstrated using FIG.
The oil palm peeling plate W is a rotary race that cuts a single trunk grown for 20 to 30 years or more as a predetermined length of oil palm trunk WD and peels it in the circumferential direction similar to wig removal of a radish. Set in a called device. Then, the oil palm trunk WD is rotated to perform circumferential stripping with the blade CT. This is a peeling plate process in which a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD is rotated in its circumferential direction and peeled off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race to form a plurality of peeling plates W.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the center of the oil palm trunk WD is rotated so as to be an axial center, the cutter CT having a predetermined width is applied to the outer peripheral side thereof, and the continuous peeling plate UWD is peeled in the same manner as the wig peeling. It is formed. That is, the oil palm trunk WD is formed by cutting away a continuous release plate, that is, a continuous release plate UWD, with a predetermined thickness like radish wig peeling. The continuous peeling plate UWD is cut into a predetermined length and dried to produce a peeling plate W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness.
Oil palm leaves, empty fruit bunches, roots, and the like are cut into chips and treated by an organic waste fermentation treatment method in which they are composted (composted) by aerobic bacteria treatment. In particular, empty fruit bunches may be subjected to other practical treatments. Moreover, it may grind | pulverize finely and may extract components, such as a cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.

  Usually, the drying is started when the continuous peeling plate UWD is peeled off. However, the peeling plate W having a predetermined area and thickness may be obtained, and drying may be performed after cutting the number of units for forming the predetermined plywood. In general, since cutting is performed by a flow operation, it is desirable to start drying at the time when the continuous release plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD from the viewpoint of ensuring the drying time. This drying process is performed after the five release plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are cut so as to be superimposed on the plywood PW, when the continuous release plate UWD is cut. Although it is desirable because it becomes difficult for chips at the end to come out, there is no significant difference if it is after the time point when the continuous peeling plate UWD is formed from the oil palm trunk WD. In any case, the process of drying these peeling plates W is a drying process.

As shown in FIG. 2, the peeling plate W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness is further cut, and five peeling plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are cut. In this embodiment, an example of a plywood PW in which five release plates W having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are stacked and described will be described.
This cutting is performed in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD shown in FIG. 2 (a) with the short side peeling plates W1, W3, W5 in the supply direction, and in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD shown in FIG. 2 (b). Long side peeling plates W2, W4 are formed.
The five peeling plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness may be formed by cutting, or may be formed by saw cutting. Any of the properties of oil palm may be used, but cutting is more efficient from the viewpoint of workability.

In the present embodiment, two types of peeling plates W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD peeled off the wig and two peeling plates W2, W4 with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD are used. Although it is formed of a rotary race, it may be set so that five peeling plates W1,..., W5 can be obtained with a width in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD. In any case, as shown in FIG. 3, the peeling plates W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD and the peeling plates W2, W4 with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous peeling plate UWD are connected to each other. What is necessary is just to load so that the length direction of a fiber may become a right angle.
Of course, the strips W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous release plate UWD shown in FIG. 3 and the release plates W2, W4 with long sides in the supply direction of the continuous release plate UWD are perpendicular to the length direction of the fibers. Are stacked in such a way that two stripping plates W1, W3, W5 with short sides in the supply direction of the continuous stripping plate UWD and three stripping plates W2, W4 with long sides in the feeding direction of the continuous stripping plate UWD are provided. It can also be a combination.

At the latest, the five peeling plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness are cut, and the humidity is adjusted until it is aligned with the stacked state of the multilayer material NW before pressurization as shown in FIG. Must be applied to both surfaces of the release plates W1,..., W5 having a predetermined area and thickness. Until the multi-layer material NW before pressurization is sent to the production line for laminating the five release plates W1,..., W5, the drying of the five release plates W1,. As shown in FIG. 4A in a dry state, it can be laminated as a pre-pressurized multilayer material NW. When this lamination is performed, it is desirable to set the frame body 20 shown in FIG. 7 or the positioning holes 18 shown in FIG. 5 for positioning each side of the five release plates W1,.
Thus, the process of laminating a plurality of release plates W dried in the drying process in a predetermined state is referred to herein as a laminating process.

Therefore, the laminated material NW before pressurization is consolidated by applying a predetermined compressive force under a predetermined temperature condition, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the temperature is lowered to a predetermined temperature, and then the pressure is released. It is a plywood PW.
That is, after performing a pressing step of applying a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the peeling plate W to the laminated peeling plate W heated by the heating step, after pressing for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature in the pressing step, The plywood PW is obtained through a fixing step of lowering the temperature supplied in the heating step.

  Here, the process of heating to raise the temperature of the laminated release plates W after the lamination step is referred to as a heating step, and the release plate W heated by the heating step is laminated on the release plates W. The step of applying a compressive force perpendicular to the surface is called a pressing step. The step of lowering the temperature supplied in the heating step after pressing in the pressing step for a predetermined time is called a fixing step in the sense of fixing the consolidated state.

  In FIG. 5, the compacted material manufacturing apparatus MC for manufacturing the plywood PW of the present embodiment has the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 mainly by a structure divided into two parts, an upper press board 10A and a lower press board 10B. Positioning that is arranged on the press plate 10 to be formed and the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press plate 10A facing the peripheral portion 10b of the lower press plate 10B, and determines the position of the multilayer material NW before pressurization on the lower press plate 10B. A hole 18 is formed and communicated into the internal space IS from the upper surface side of the upper press panel 10A and the seal member 11 that seals the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 within a predetermined vertical movement range of the upper press panel 10A. The pipe 12 having a pipe port 12a for supplying steam into the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, the valve V4 on the upstream side thereof, and the inside from the side surface side of the lower press panel 10B A pipe 13 having a pipe port 13a for discharging water vapor from the interior space IS, a pressure gauge P2 for detecting the vapor pressure in the pipe 13, and a valve on the downstream side thereof. It is comprised from V5 and the drain piping 14 etc. which were connected to valve | bulb V5.

  Further, in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10, pipe lines 15 and 16 are formed for raising the temperature to a desired temperature by passing high-temperature steam. Pipes ST2 and ST3 branched from the steam supply side pipe ST1 and steam discharge side pipes ET1 and ET2 are connected to the paths 15 and 16, respectively. Further, in the middle of the steam supply side pipes ST1, ST2, ST3, valves V1, V2, V3 and a pressure gauge P1 for detecting the steam pressure in the pipe ST1 are arranged, and the steam discharge side pipes ET1, ET2 Is connected to the drain pipe 14 via a valve V6.

In addition, the boiler apparatus which supplies water vapor | steam to piping ST1, and the press raising / lowering apparatus containing the hydraulic mechanism for raising / lowering and pressurizing the upper press board 10A with respect to the lower press board 10B of the fixed side of the press board 10 are abbreviate | omitted. Has been.
In the first embodiment, the internal space IS formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10 and the piping 12 connected to the valve V4 for heating the inside of the positioning hole 18 are used. Although water vapor is introduced, it is also possible to use high-frequency heating, microwave heating, or the like. In particular, for the high-frequency heating of wood, a method of heating from the center of wood at a high frequency slightly lower than that of microwave is preferable to dielectric overheating by microwave.

Further, on the press board 10, a cooling water supply side that cools to a desired temperature by passing low-temperature cooling water in place of water vapor through the pipes 15 and 16 formed in the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Pipes ST12 and ST13 branched from the pipe ST11 are connected to the pipes ST2 and ST3, respectively. Further, valves V11, V12, V13 are arranged in the middle of the pipes ST11, ST12, ST13 on the cooling water supply side. In addition, the cooling water supply apparatus which supplies cooling water to piping ST11 is abbreviate | omitted.
Of course, when the present invention is carried out, the direction of press compression by the press board 10 is perpendicular to the surfaces of the five release plates W1,..., W5 of the multilayer material NW before pressurization. A compressive force is applied.

In manufacturing the plywood PW from the pre-pressing multilayer material NW by the compacted material manufacturing apparatus MC configured as described above, first, as shown in FIG. The upper press board 10A is raised with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the pre-pressing multilayer material NW dried in advance to a predetermined condition is formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. It is placed in the space IS and the positioning hole 18.
Here, in the present embodiment, the pre-pressing multilayer material NW that is a raw material of the plywood PW is formed in a predetermined dimension (thickness, width, length), and includes five release plates W1, ..., the surface side of W5 is opposed to the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B of the press board 10 and placed in the positioning hole 18 of the lower press board 10B.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the upper press platen 10A is lowered at a predetermined pressure with respect to the pre-pressing multilayer material NW placed on the positioning hole 18 of the fixed-side lower press platen 10B. The upper surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW, that is, in this embodiment, is brought into contact with the surface of the release plates W1,. Then, water vapor of a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 180 [° C.]) is passed through the pipe line 15 of the upper press board 10A and the pipe line 16 of the lower press board 10B, and the interior space IS and the positioning hole 18 are set to a predetermined temperature ( For example, it is maintained at 110 to 180 [° C.].

Next, the compression force of the upper press board 10A is set to a predetermined pressure (for example, 20 to 50 kg / cm ² ) with respect to the lower press board 10B on the fixed side, and the pre-pressing multilayer material NW becomes the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. Heat compression is performed for a predetermined time (for example, 5 to 40 [min]) on the press panel 10B. In order to prevent cracking, the compressive force at this time is gradually increased in accordance with the temperature rise of the pre-pressing multilayer material NW, that is, the temperature transmission state inside the pre-pressing multilayer material NW. Desirably, the heat compression time is also preferably set in consideration of the transmission time.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), when the peripheral edge portion 10a of the upper press board 10A comes into contact with the peripheral edge part 10b of the lower press board 10B, the seal member 11 disposed on the peripheral edge part 10a of the upper press board 10A. The internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are hermetically sealed. The temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 to 210 [° C.]) while the compression force by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is maintained in a sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18.

  In the present embodiment, the internal space IS and the internal space IS when the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 formed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are sealed via the seal member 11 The dimension interval in the vertical direction of the positioning holes 18 is set to the finished dimension in the thickness direction when the pre-pressing multilayer material NW becomes a plywood PW having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more by the press board 10. For this reason, the compression ratio of the entire thickness of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, that is, the change in the plate thickness due to the compression of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, is that the peripheral portion 10a of the upper press panel 10A is the peripheral part 10b of the lower press panel 10B. It will be decided by contacting.

Then, in the sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 shown in FIG. 6C, the compressive force of the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B is maintained, and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are kept at a predetermined temperature ( For example, 150 to 210 [° C.] is maintained for a predetermined time (for example, 30 to 120 [min]), and a heat treatment for forming a plywood PW that does not return when the subsequent cooling and compression is released. Is done. At this time, high-temperature and high-pressure vapor pressure is generated between the surrounding surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW and the inside thereof through the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 which are sealed by the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B. You can go in and out.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are in surface contact with the front and back surfaces of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW and are held in the sealed internal space IS and the positioning holes 18. Therefore, the multilayer material NW before pressurization is sufficiently heated in its entire thickness, and is efficiently compressed and deformed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6D, when the heat compression process is performed in a sealed state of the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18, the internal space IS and the positioning hole are detected by the pressure gauge P2 as a vapor pressure control process. 18 vapor pressure is detected, and the valve V5 is appropriately opened and closed. Thereby, high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is discharged from the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 to the drain pipe 14 side through the pipe port 13a and the pipe 13, and in particular, the moisture content of the outer layer portion of the multilayer material NW before pressurization. Therefore, the excess internal space IS and moisture in the positioning hole 18 are removed, and the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18 are adjusted to have a predetermined vapor pressure. Further, if necessary, a predetermined vapor pressure can be supplied to the internal space IS through the pipe 12 and the pipe port 12a (FIG. 5) connected to the valve V4. As a result, the fixing of the heat compression treatment of the wood, that is, the so-called immobilization of the wood is further promoted.

  Further, immediately before the transition from the heating compression to the cooling compression by the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel 10B, the valve V5 is opened as a vapor pressure control process, so that the internal space passes through the piping port 13a and the piping 13. High-temperature and high-pressure steam is discharged from the IS and positioning hole 18 to the drain pipe 14 side.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6 (e), normal temperature cooling water is passed through the piping path 15 of the upper press panel 10A and the piping path 16 of the lower press panel 10B, whereby the upper press panel 10A and the lower press panel. 10B is cooled to around normal temperature and held for a predetermined time (for example, 10 to 120 [min]) depending on the material. At this time, the compression force of the upper press disk 10A with respect to the lower press disk 10B on the fixed side is maintained at a predetermined pressure (for example, 20 to 50 kg / cm ² ) that is the same as the pressure at the time of heat compression. The board 10A and the lower press board 10B are cooled.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 6 (f), the upper press disk 10A is raised relative to the fixed-side lower press disk 10B, and the finished plywood PW is taken out from the internal space IS and the positioning hole 18. This completes a series of processing steps.

  The compacted material manufacturing apparatus MC that manufactures the laminated plywood PW of the present embodiment mainly forms an internal space IS and a positioning hole 18 by a two-divided structure of an upper press board 10A and a lower press board 10B. Although the board 10 is provided, the movement restriction of the outer periphery of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW when the present invention is carried out can be the frame body 20. The frame 20 that regulates the movement of the outer periphery of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW needs to have a vertically movable structure or a fixed structure depending on the dimensions of the upper press panel 10A.

The frame body 20 shown in FIG. 7 has a structure that can move up and down, and is disposed on the lower press panel 10B of FIGS.
An outer lower press disk 10Ba and an inner lower press disk 10Bb having the same height are disposed on the base plate 25 of the lower press disk 10B, and a frame groove 21 is formed therebetween. A plurality of coil springs 22 are disposed on the base plate 25 side of the frame body groove 21, and a square movable frame 23 is disposed above the coil springs 22. A cutout is formed on the inner surface of the movable frame 23 to form a fluid path 24 that guides fluid such as water vapor from the side surface of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW. The inner periphery of the square movable frame 23 is substantially equal to the outer periphery of the pre-pressing multilayer material NW, and when the pre-pressing multilayer material NW enters the square movable frame 23, the release plates W1,. Misalignment does not occur. Therefore, when the upper press board 10A is lowered, even if it has a width larger than the size of the lower press board 10B, when the upper press board 10A comes into contact with the movable frame 23, the movable frame 23 becomes elastic to the plurality of coil springs 22. It descends against it and responds to the compression of the multilayer material NW before pressing. Then, the compression of the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is completed at the movement limit of the plurality of coil springs 22. Of course, when the upper press board 10A is inserted into the movable frame 23 of the lower press board 10B, the movable frame 23 can be fixedly arranged on the lower press board 10B.

In this way, the thickness of the release plates W1,..., W5 is heated and compressed by the external force applied in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the fibers of the release plates W1,. Thus, a plywood PW having an air-dry specific gravity of 0.7 or more is manufactured.
In this embodiment, after the vapor pressure is controlled, the pressure is gradually released to release the internal vapor pressure, and the water vapor pressure in the pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is lowered and fixed by cooling. When the compression is released, a plywood PW having no surface deformation called bulging deformation or puncture can be formed. That is, the plywood PW manufactured in the present embodiment does not cause bulging deformation or surface cracking after being released from compression, and ensures stable quality. In this embodiment, the upper press board 10A and the lower press board 10B are compressed and fixed to obtain the plywood PW. However, when the present invention is implemented, a microwave used by a normal microwave oven is used. The plywood PW can be obtained even when the multilayer material NW before pressurization is heated and compressed by fixing at a high frequency slightly lower than the frequency band, and fixed.

  The five peeling plates W1,..., W5 in the present embodiment have thicknesses of 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, Multi-layer material before pressurization in which five release plates W1,..., W5 of the same thickness are arranged so that the fiber lengths intersect at right angles, with 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, and 6.0 mm. Plywood PW was manufactured by compressing from NW.

Basically, a plywood PW having been subjected to a consolidation process of 3 to 10 mm was obtained with respect to a thickness of 7.5 to 30 mm of the multilayer material NW before compression before compression. The temperature of the supplied steam is raised to 110 to 210 degrees, and the compressive force applied during that time is 20 to 50 kg / cm ² . Here, by stacking five 1.5 mm release plates W, a 7.5 mm pre-pressurized multilayer material NW is obtained, but the compression error and solution when compressed at a predetermined compression rate at the laboratory level. Although it is 10% or less due to expansion after pressing, an error is present.

As a precaution, the five release plates W1,..., W5 in the present embodiment have thicknesses of 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4. Five strips W1,..., W5 of the same thickness are arranged so that the fiber lengths of those of 0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, 6.0 mm are parallel to each other. A laminated plywood PW was manufactured by compressing the multilayer material NW before pressing.
Similar to the former, a plywood PW was obtained that was subjected to consolidation processing of 3 to 10 mm with respect to the thickness of 7.5 to 30 mm of the multilayer material NW before compression basically before compression. The temperature of the supplied water vapor is raised from 110 ° C. to 210 ° C., and the compression force applied during that time is 20 to 50 kg / cm ² .

  In Table 1, the multilayer material NW before pressurization in which five release plates W1,..., W5 of the same thickness are arranged so that the fiber lengths intersect at right angles is indicated as “cross-bonded state”, and the fiber length The multi-layer material NW before pressurization parallel to each other is shown as “parallel joined state”. Table 1 shows the results of the endurance test. It is placed in a place where sunlight is used for three months from April to June, and the water is set to 30 at 10 and 4 o'clock on sunny days under natural weather conditions. Sprayed for a minute. In the “cross-bonded state” 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm laminated plywood PW, the surface was partially not flush, and there was a possibility that bubbles were generated and peeled inside. That is, it has been found that the usage environment conditions are restricted. In this test, the response to a sudden change in natural temperature was examined. Here, it is proved that the “parallel joined state” is easier to bond with each other than the “cross joined state”, and a good strength can be obtained. However, since the fiber direction is determined in a specific direction, the flatness as a plate is lacking, but conversely, the plywood PW can be wound and conveyed, or used as a specific arc-shaped concrete frame or the like.

However, in other samples, since hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose, it is unclear how much they interfere with each other in the naturally cultivated state of oil palm trunk WD. By raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature (140 ° C. or higher), for example, 80 ° C. or higher of the reaction start temperature of lignin, it becomes 60 ° C. or higher of the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose. It turned out to be a material.
In the “cross-bonded” 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm laminated plywood PW, when fibers having a diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm cross, hemicellulose may bind lignin and cellulose at the crossing position. The total amount of absolute hemicellulose and lignin and cellulose obtained at a predetermined temperature and compressive force is small, and it is estimated that the joining is not completely performed.

Moreover, the inventors performed the test of Table 2 as severe use conditions. Although many samples were used, the samples submitted this time are extracted from the areas where remarkable features appear.
The plywood A is composed of four release plates W, and the release plate W has a thickness of 3.0 mm. Further, the plywood B is composed of four release plates W, and the thickness of the release plate W is 2.5 mm + 3.0 mm + 2.5 mm + 3.0 mm. The plywood C is composed of three release plates W, and the thickness of the release plate W is 2.5 mm + 3.0 mm + 2.5 mm. The plywood D is composed of three release plates W, and the thickness of the release plate W is 3.0 mm + 3.0 mm + 3.0 mm.
The compression ratio of the multilayer material NW before pressurization and the laminated plywood PW is expressed by the formula
(Thickness of multilayer material NW before pressing−thickness of plywood PW) / thickness of multilayer material NW before pressing.

Here, a rigorous test was conducted in which it was applied to 30 ° C. hot water and 60 ° C. hot water. Plywood A and plywood B did not change within 90 minutes even when immersed in hot water at 30 ° C. However, when immersed in hot water at 60 ° C., the laminated surface softened in 45 minutes.
In addition, with the plywood C, the laminated surface softened in 30 minutes even when immersed in hot water at 30 ° C. That is, this is not a problem of 60 ° C. or higher of the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose, but it can be estimated that the influence of compressive force is exerted. When the compression force is increased, the air inside the plywood C disappears and dense bonding is performed. However, if the compression force is weak, only formal bonding is performed without crushing the fibers, so It is estimated that the entire entrance was softened. Naturally, even when immersed in hot water at 60 ° C., the laminated surface softened in 15 minutes.

  And the plywood D is attached to the hot water at 30 ° C. for 45 minutes without any problem by increasing the thickness of the release plate W and increasing the compressive force, and it can withstand the hot water at 60 ° C. for 15 minutes. Yes. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the compression force, and a compression rate of 65% or more is desirable in terms of the compression rate. In particular, a compression rate of 70% or more increases safety. When the compression rate is low, it is desirable to apply a water-repellent coating agent to the surface.

That is, as a test, when the compressibility is 65% or more, the pre-pressing multilayer material NW is formed by arranging the release plates W1,..., W5 so that the fiber lengths intersect each other at right angles. The thickness of the release plate W is preferably 2.5 mm or more because there is a boundary line at 2.5 mm.
In particular, there is no condition in which the laminated plywood PW is immersed in hot water at 30 ° C. in nature, but it can still be used if the thickness of the release plate W is 2.5 mm and the compressibility is 65% or more. ing.
In addition, the condition that the plywood PW is immersed in hot water at 60 ° C. is to confirm the possibility that hemicellulose inhibits the binding of lignin and cellulose. If the compression ratio is 65% or more, Also shows that it is difficult to appear.
However, since it means that the boundary line of the compressibility is about 65%, in mass production, it is desirably 65% or more, and the thickness of the peeling plate W is 3.0 mm or more. desirable.

In the above-described embodiment, the peeling plate W is used as a thin plate that is peeled to a predetermined thickness by applying the blade CT with a rotary race while rotating the oil palm trunk WD having a predetermined length in the circumferential direction. However, the fibers of the oil palm trunk WD can also be positively arranged on the design surface side.
FIG. 10 illustrates a lumber plate Z obtained by cutting a predetermined width, thickness, and length shown in FIG. 8 from an oil palm trunk WD having a predetermined length.
Even if the oil palm trunk WD is cut to obtain a grid and a grain like the lumber lumber, there is no annual ring as shown in FIG. 8 (c), and the oil palm trunk WD as shown in FIG. 8 (b). Since only a bundle of fibers is formed in the length direction of the plate, the plate-like lumber plate Z (Z1,... Z5) and the plate-like lumber plate Z (Z1,... Z5), as shown in FIG. Become. Since this type of lumber plate is used on the exposed surface as a design surface, it is usually formed to a thickness of 3 mm or more before the compacting. Here, it is desirable to compress at a compression rate of 65% or more, but since there is no disturbance in the fiber direction, if the compression rate is 60% or more, bonding is performed well.

The lumber plate Z1 and the lumber plate Z2 formed in this way can also join the adjacent lumber plates Z1 and lumber plates Z2 as shown in FIG.
In FIG. 9, the lumber plate Z is formed from an inclined portion M2 in which the ends of the lumber plate Z1 and the lumber plate Z2 are inclined, and a stepped portion M1 and a stepped portion M3 of about several mm formed at the end positions. Has been. Here, when a compressive force in the vertical direction is applied to the surfaces of the lumber plate Z1 and the lumber plate Z2, the inclined portions M2 and the stepped portions M1 and M3 are joined to form one sheet. In particular, the color of the oil palm trunk WD is slightly different depending on the dry state, the heating temperature, etc., but a single plate without a connecting portion is formed only by aligning the growth years and the heating temperature.

At this time, pressure may be applied integrally in a state where it is placed on the upper surface of the multilayer material NW before pressurization, and the plywood PW may be integrally formed. Since it is in a certain direction, it can be rolled and carried and joined to a specific surface.
FIG. 10 shows another example, FIG. 10 (a) shows a state in which the lumber plate ZU is joined at the position of the peeling plate W1 on the upper surface on one side of the plywood PW, and FIG. 10 (b) shows the surfaces on both sides of the plywood PW. The sawing plate ZD and the sawing plate ZD are joined to the peeling plate W1 at the positions of the sawing plate ZU and the peeling plate W5. Thus, one of the lumber plate ZU and the lumber plate ZD can be used with good design properties, and the other can be used with different physical properties such as mechanical strength.

  As described above, the composition for joining the oil palm peeling plate W according to the present embodiment applies the blade CT from the outer periphery with a rotary race while rotating the oil palm trunk WD having a predetermined length in the circumferential direction, and is predetermined. The release plate W is peeled to a predetermined thickness, the release plate W peeled at a predetermined thickness is dried, a predetermined number of layers are laminated, the temperature of the release plate W is increased, and the laminated release plate W is In the joining of the oil palm peeling plate W, which is compressed by applying a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the peeling plate W and joined as a plywood PW, the joining for integrally joining the peeling plate W is peeled to a predetermined thickness The surface of the release plate W is a joint surface having an adhesive function, and the resin components such as lignin that the oil palm trunk WD itself contains the multiple release plates W by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the multiple release plates W And cellulose, hemicell It is obtained by the sugar components such as over the nest.

  Therefore, since the oil palm trunk WD has no nodes and no annual rings, when the peeling plate W is created by peeling off from the outer periphery with a rotary race to a predetermined thickness, a uniform peeling plate W is obtained. As a result, from the peeling plate W The resulting plywood PW is homogeneous. Moreover, since the joining force is changed by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself depending on the applied temperature and pressure, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and pressure. Since a plurality of release plates W are joined by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself to form the plywood PW, other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are used as adhesives. Because it is not, it can be returned to nature and does not cause pollution problems.

Furthermore, because of the compressive force when joined by the action of a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the gap of the release plate W is almost eliminated, and a dense structure is formed. It has water resistance, is waterproof and insect-proof, and has a long service life even when used as a building material.
In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose, and it is unclear how much they interfere with each other when the oil palm trunk WD is naturally cultivated. However, it was confirmed that by raising the temperature to a predetermined temperature, for example, 80 ° C. or more of the reaction start temperature of lignin, the reaction start temperature of hemicellulose was 60 ° C. or more, and they reacted with each other to become firm characteristics.

The oil palm compacted material of the present embodiment includes a peeling plate W that is peeled off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race while rotating the oil palm trunk WD of a predetermined length in the circumferential direction, and the oil palm trunk WD of a predetermined length. In the lumber plate Z obtained by cutting a predetermined width, thickness and length in the same manner as wood, a plurality of release plates W and / or lumber plates Z, depending on the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself It is joined.
Therefore, the surface of the release plate W peeled to a predetermined thickness is used as a joint surface having an adhesive function, and the plurality of release plates W are controlled by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the release plate W and / or the lumber plate Z. It is joined by a resin component such as lignin obtained by compacting to a thickness of about 1 mm by a compacting process contained in WD itself and a saccharide component such as cellulose and hemicellulose.

  Since the oil palm trunk WD has no nodes and no annual rings, the peeling plate W is peeled off from the outer periphery with a rotary race to a predetermined thickness, and when the oil palm trunk WD has a predetermined length, a predetermined width, thickness, and length are taken from the oil palm trunk WD. When the performed lumber plate Z (Z1,... Z5) is created, a uniform release plate W and lumber plate Z (Z1,... Z5) are obtained, and as a result, the release plate W and The plywood PW composed of a plurality of the lumber plates Z is homogeneous. Moreover, since the joining force is changed by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself depending on the applied temperature and compressive force, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and compressive force. Since the plurality of release plates W are joined by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself to form the plywood PW, other synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers are used as adhesives. Because it does not cause pollution problems that can be returned to nature. Furthermore, the compression force when joined by the resin component and sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself eliminates the voids in the release plate, resulting in a dense structure, which is water resistant and waterproof. It is rich in insect repellent and has a long service life even when used as a building material.

Further, when a wide flat plate is formed, a wide plate can be obtained by connecting the peeling plate W and / or the lumber plate Z sideways, that is, in the width direction perpendicular to the length of the oil palm trunk WD.
And the peeling plate W at the time of raising the temperature of the peeling plate W and compressing it by applying a compressive force in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the peeling plate W and / or the lumber plate Z, and joining the plywood PW integrally. The temperature rise may be either steam heating or hot plate heating, and both may be used simultaneously, and the compression pressure is a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk itself on the joint surface and Since it is sufficient that sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose can be derived, the degree of manufacturing freedom is high.

Furthermore, the oil palm compacted material of the present embodiment is the peeling plate W and / or lumber plate Z with the compressive force of 1 to 100 kg / cm ² or more in an environment where the temperature is 120 ° C. or higher. Resin such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the release plate W and / or the lumber plate Z because the thickness of the Z after being compacted is 1 mm or more. It means that a plurality of release plates W and / or lumber plates Z are joined to form plywood by the action of the components and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose. In particular, hemicellulose has a function of binding lignin and cellulose and can be firmly joined. Moreover, since the thickness after the compaction processing of the peeling plate W and the lumber plate Z is 1 mm or more and the peeling plate W and / or the lumber plate Z are joined, the fiber of the oil palm has a diameter of 0.2 to 1.0 mm. Even if it is thick and strong, a gap is formed because a resin component such as lignin and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose are supplied to the joint area from the side of the oil palm peeling plate W having a thickness before compression of 3 mm or more. It becomes a long-life oil palm compaction material.

  The oil palm compact material of the present embodiment forms a peeling plate W by peeling a predetermined length of an oil palm trunk WD from the outer periphery to the predetermined thickness with a blade CT while rotating the oil palm trunk WD in the circumferential direction. The release plate W peeled off by thickness is dried, a predetermined number of layers are laminated, the temperature of the release plate W is raised, and the laminated release plate W is compressed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the release plate W. In addition, in the joining composition of the oil palm peeling plate W that is compressed and joined as the plywood PW, the peeling plate W is integrally joined by controlling the temperature and compressive force of the plurality of peeling plates W. The release plate W is a resin component and a sugar component contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself.

  Therefore, since the oil palm trunk WD has no nodes and no annual rings, when the peeling plate W is created by peeling off from the outer periphery with a rotary race to a predetermined thickness, a uniform peeling plate W is obtained. As a result, from the peeling plate W The resulting plywood PW is homogeneous. In addition, since the bonding force is changed by the resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and the saccharide component such as cellulose and hemicellulose, depending on the temperature and pressure to be added, an arbitrary adhesive force can be obtained by controlling the applied temperature and pressure. It is done. Since a plurality of release plates W are joined by a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and a saccharide component such as cellulose and hemicellulose to form a plywood PW, other synthetic resins, synthetic Since rubber is not used as an adhesive, it can be returned to nature without causing pollution problems. Furthermore, because of the compressive force when joined by the action of a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the gap of the release plate W is almost eliminated, and a dense structure is formed. It has water resistance, is waterproof and insect-proof, and has a long service life even when used as a building material.

  The plywood PW formed by integrally joining the oil palm peeling plate W in the joining composition of the oil palm peeling plate W according to the above-described embodiment is one of the plurality of laminated peeling plates W other than the oil palm peeling plate W. 10A is disposed on one exposed surface as shown in FIG. 10A, so that the lumber plate ZU can be joined with the adhesive ability of the oil palm peeling plate W. Moreover, it can be set as the design which utilized the grain arrange | positioned in the exposed surface of those one sides. Also, one piece of plywood PW formed by integrally joining the oil palm peeling plate W is rotated from the outer circumference by a rotary race while rotating a wood other than the oil palm peeling plate W, for example, a lauan material trunk in the circumferential direction. It can be set as the peeling board W (equivalent to 1 layer of a veneer board) which consists of a thin board peeled to thickness. Therefore, only one side of the plywood PW can be made of thin wood or bamboo made of other materials. In particular, it is suitable for use as a decorative board.

  The plywood PW formed by integrally joining the oil palm peeling plates W in the oil palm bonding composition of the above embodiment is obtained by combining two sheets of both end faces of the laminated peeling plates W other than the oil palm peeling plates W. By arranging the lumber plate ZU on the exposed surface on one side as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the lumber plate ZU can be joined with the adhesive ability of the oil palm peeling plate W. The lumber board ZU disposed on the exposed surface on one side can be a design utilizing the grain. Further, the thin plate WD disposed on the opposite exposed surface can have characteristics utilizing the properties of wood such as moisture resistance, vibration resistance, and insect resistance. Further, one piece of the plywood PW formed by integrally joining the release plate W is rotated from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating a wood other than the oil palm release plate W, for example, a lauan material trunk in the circumferential direction. The peeled release plate W (corresponding to one layer of the veneer plate) can be one on the exposed surface side or two on the both exposed surface sides. Therefore, only one side of the plywood PW can be made of thin wood or bamboo made of other materials. In particular, it is suitable for use as a decorative board.

The joining of the oil palm peeling plate W of the above-described embodiment is a process in which the oil palm trunk WD having a predetermined length is rotated in its circumferential direction and is peeled off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness by the cutter CT with the blade CT and formed on the peeling plate W. Can be a release plate process. Moreover, the drying process of the peeling board W which dries the peeling board W may be the same process as the process formed in the peeling board W, or a separate process, and this can be made into a drying process.
And the process of laminating a plurality of dried release plates W in a predetermined state as a multi-layer material NW before pressurization is usually used by laminating in units of 2 to 5, but in principle, Two or more layers may be stacked, and this can be a stacking step.

Further, in the step of heating to raise the temperature of the peeling plates W laminated after the laminating step, the step of introducing water vapor or electric heat and heating or heating with the hot plate is a heating step because heating energy is supplied. be able to. Furthermore, the step of applying a compressive force in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the release plate W to the laminated release plate W heated by the heating step is compression of the release plate W at a predetermined compression rate, that is, What is necessary is just to be able to compress the multilayer material NW before pressurization. This step can be a pressing step.
In addition, after pressing for a predetermined time in the pressing step, the temperature supplied in the heating step is lowered, the compression state of the plywood PW is fixed, and the compression force compressed at a predetermined compression rate is released. This can be taken from the laminated plywood PW and used as a fixing step.

  As described above, the method of joining the oil palm peeling plate W according to the above-described embodiment is a method in which a predetermined length of the oil palm trunk WD is rotated in its circumferential direction, and the rotary CT is used to peel the blade from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness with the blade CT. A peeling plate step formed on the peeling plate W, a drying step for drying the peeling plate W, a laminating step for laminating a plurality of peeling plates W dried in the drying step in a predetermined state, and the laminating step and thereafter A heating step for heating to increase the temperature of the laminated release plate W, and a compressive force in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the release plate W on the laminated release plate W heated by the heating step. A pressing step to be added and a fixing step of lowering the temperature supplied in the heating step after pressing for a predetermined time in the pressing step.

  Therefore, since the oil palm trunk WD used in these processes has no nodes or annual rings, when the peeling plate W is created by peeling off from the outer periphery to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race, a uniform peeling plate W is obtained. In addition, the plywood PW made of the release plate W is homogeneous. In addition, since the bonding force can be changed by the action of resin components such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, depending on the applied temperature and compressive force, the control of the applied temperature and compressive force is possible. Arbitrary adhesive strength can be obtained. Since the plurality of release plates W are joined by the action of resin components such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the laminated plywood PW is formed. Since resin and synthetic rubber are not used as adhesives, they can be returned to nature without causing pollution problems. Furthermore, because of the compressive force when joined by the action of a resin component such as lignin contained in the oil palm trunk WD itself and sugars such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the gap of the release plate W is almost eliminated, and a dense structure is formed. It has water resistance, is waterproof and insect-proof, and has a long service life even when used as a building material.

  The frame body 20 or the positioning hole 18 for positioning each side of the five release plates W1,..., W5 in the laminating step for laminating the release plates W dried in the drying step of the above embodiment in a predetermined state. Is a frame 20 or a positioning hole 18 that regulates a predetermined stacking surface, and regulates the top and bottom and the left and right of the surfaces of the plurality of peeling plates W. Therefore, the peeling plate W is prevented from extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface to which the compressive force is applied, and a thick portion and a thin portion are not generated depending on the position of the plywood PW.

  In the laminating step of laminating a plurality of release plates W of the above-described embodiment in a predetermined state, one of the plurality of release plates W laminated is a lumber plate Z other than the oil palm release plate W, and the oil palm release plate W Including the lumber plate Z other than the above, it is integrally joined to the laminated plywood PW. Thus, the plywood PW formed by integrally joining the oil palm peeling plates W in the joining composition of the oil palm peeling plates W is a material other than the oil palm peeling plates W obtained by laminating one of the plurality of laminated peeling plates W. By arranging the lumber plate ZU made of the plate Z on the exposed surface on one side as shown in FIG. 10A, the lumber plate ZU can be joined with the adhesive ability of the oil palm peeling plate W. Moreover, it can be set as the design which utilized the grain arrange | positioned in the exposed surface of those one sides. Therefore, only one side of the plywood PW can be made of thin wood or bamboo made of other materials. In particular, it is suitable for use as a decorative board.

  In the laminating step of laminating a plurality of release plates W of the above-described embodiment in a predetermined state, two sheets on both end surfaces of the laminate release plates W are thin plates other than the oil palm release plate W, and the oil palm release plate The lumber plate Z other than W is integrally joined to the plywood PW. The plywood PW of this embodiment is a lumber plate ZU in which two sheets on both end surfaces of a plurality of peeling plates W are made of a lumber plate Z other than the oil palm peeling plate W, as shown in FIG. The lumber plate ZU can be joined with the adhesive ability of the oil palm peeling plate W by being disposed on the exposed surface. The lumber board ZU disposed on the exposed surface on one side can be a design utilizing the grain. In addition, the lumber plate ZD disposed on the opposite exposed surface can have characteristics utilizing the properties of wood such as moisture resistance, vibration resistance, and insect resistance. Therefore, only one side of the plywood PW can be made of thin wood or bamboo made of other materials. In particular, it is suitable for use as a decorative board.

In the laminating step of laminating a plurality of release plates W1,..., W5 of the above embodiment in a predetermined state, one of the surfaces on one side of the plurality of release plates W1,. Two sheets on both end surfaces are made of a lumber plate ZU and / or a lumber plate ZV made of wood other than the oil palm peeling plate W1 or the peeling plate W5, and include plywood including thin plates other than the oil palm peeling plates W1,. It is integrally joined as PW. Here, the number of release plates W can be one or more.
Of course, the lumber plate ZU and / or the lumber plate ZD made of wood other than the oil palm peeling plates W1,. Similarly to the plywood board, the peeling board W peeled off from the outer circumference to a predetermined thickness by a rotary race while rotating a lauan trunk of a predetermined length in the circumferential direction is a lumber board ZU made of wood other than the oil palm peeling board W. And / or a lumber ZD.
Note that the joining here includes mechanical joining utilizing the forming ability because the release plate of the oil palm trunk has the ability to be formed into an uneven surface opposite to the uneven surface.

The consolidation process described in the present embodiment refers to compressing the oil palm thin plate W or the like by applying a predetermined compression force under a predetermined temperature condition, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the temperature is increased to a predetermined temperature. This is a process of compressing the base material at a predetermined compression rate by fixing it by lowering and releasing the pressure.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 12A, the vascular bundle A of the oil palm trunk WD is substantially circular, and the average diameter of the vascular bundle A calculated by (maximum length + minimum length) / 2 (arithmetic mean = The arithmetic average) is 0.4 to 1.2 mm thick, and the conduit B is also formed therein. The thickness of the vascular bundle A varies greatly depending on the position of the oil palm trunk WD, and as shown in FIG. 11, it is generally thin on the upper side and thick on the root side. Further, from the position of the cut surface of the oil palm trunk WD, the cross section of the vascular bundle A on the outer peripheral side is thin and gradually becomes thicker toward the center.
When the vascular bundle A of the oil palm thin plate W is broken, it becomes a surface that has been crushed (the thorns are easily pierced), and the surface is not different from the surface that is not compacted. In particular, the destruction of the vascular bundle A is harder than usual, and its handling becomes dangerous. Therefore, the state where the hard ridge does not stand is specified as 1 mm or more as shown in FIG.

  In consolidation, the elongation in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the compressive force is restricted. That is, a compressive force is applied to the oil palm thin plate W from a specific direction. With respect to the compression force applied, the oil palm thin plate W softens and flows in the vertical direction. If the elongation in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the compressive force is not restricted, the entire oil palm thin plate W flows out from the position receiving the compressive force and gathers in a place where the compressive force is not applied. Therefore, the expansion in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the compressive force is restricted so that the softened oil palm thin plate W does not flow out even if a compressive force is applied to the outer periphery of the oil palm thin plate W.

  The circumference of the vascular bundle A is hard with silica crystals attached, and even if the conduit A is deformed by consolidation, it is only deformed by about 1/10 to 2/10 of a thickness of 0.4 to 1.2 mm. In the consolidation process, the parenchymal cells C excluding the vascular bundle A are deformed and changed. However, even if the vascular bundle A is compressed so that an external force is directly applied to the vascular bundle A, the mechanical strength does not change, or conversely, the oil palm thin plate W produced from the oil palm trunk WD has a compacted thickness. The thickness is desirably 1 mm or more.

When the vascular bundle A of the oil palm trunk WD is 1.2 mm in thickness, the vascular bundle A that has been consolidated is about 0.8 to 0.9 mm, and the presence of parenchymal cells C excluding the vascular bundle A is 0.1. Since the thickness is about 0.2 mm, the mechanical strength in the compacted state is increased.
However, when the vascular bundle A is compressed at a pressure at which it is broken, the mechanical strength does not change, or the mechanical strength decreases, so the thickness of the compacted oil palm sheet W must be at least 1.0 mm. Become. For example, when the thickness of the compacted oil palm sheet W is 0.8 mm or less, the 0.4 mm vascular bundle A is safe, but the vascular bundle A of 1.2 mm may be slightly reduced in diameter. It can be destroyed. Therefore, if the thickness of the compacted oil palm thin plate W is 1.0 mm or more, it is natural that the vascular bundle A is somewhat reduced in diameter, so that it is not broken or cut.
Thus, the thickness of the oil palm thin board W which carried out the consolidation process shall be 1.0 mm or more.

  As described above, the composition that contributes to the consolidation of the oil palm base material W of the present embodiment is a resin component such as lignin and cellulose that the oil palm base material W made from the oil palm trunk WD having a predetermined length, cellulose, A sugar component such as hemicellulose is used. In addition, although the inventors' analysis has recognized that the resin composition such as lignin and saccharide components such as cellulose and hemicellulose are the main compositions, there is a possibility that the involvement of other components cannot be denied if the analytical ability is improved. There is. Even if it is small, it cannot be denied that there may be other components that contribute to consolidation.

WD Oil palm stem CT Cutlery W, W1,..., W5 Peeling plate UWD Continuous thin plate PW Plywood NW Multi-layer material MC before pressing Multi-layer material MC Consolidation processing material manufacturing device IS Internal space 10 Press panel 10A Upper press panel 10B Lower press panel 18 Positioning Hole 20 Frame ZU Lumber plate ZD Lumber plate

Claims (2)

A peeling plate formed by peeling a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm to a predetermined thickness with a rotary race while rotating it in the circumferential direction, or a board having a predetermined width, thickness and length from a trunk of a predetermined length of oil palm In the sawn board that
The peel plate and / or the lumber plate are each made to have a thickness of 1 mm or more after being consolidated by a plurality of sheets, and joined by a resin component and a sugar component contained in the trunk of the oil palm itself. Oil palm board material to do. In the peeling plate and / or the lumber plate, each plate thickness after compressing the peeling plate and / or the lumber plate by applying a compressive force of 1-100 kg / cm ² or higher in an environment of 120 ° C. or higher. The oil palm board material according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pieces are joined as 1 mm or more.