JP6039539B2 - リチウム二次電池及び該リチウム二次電池に使用可能な正極材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池及び該リチウム二次電池に使用可能な正極材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6039539B2 JP6039539B2 JP2013258461A JP2013258461A JP6039539B2 JP 6039539 B2 JP6039539 B2 JP 6039539B2 JP 2013258461 A JP2013258461 A JP 2013258461A JP 2013258461 A JP2013258461 A JP 2013258461A JP 6039539 B2 JP6039539 B2 JP 6039539B2
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 64
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 LiCoO 2 and LiNiO 2 Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016876 Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
Description
まず、本発明のリチウム二次電池の実施形態について説明する。
正極活物質であるLixFe2-yMny(SO4)3(0<x≦2、0<y<2)の合成方法を説明する。LixFe2-yMny(SO4)3(0<x≦2、0<y<2)は、以下の方法で得ることができる。
(a)Li2Fe2-yMny(SO4)3(0<y<2)の合成の検討
FeSO4・7H2O(関東化学、99.9%)を90℃で真空乾燥し、FeSO4・H2Oにした。MnSO4・5H2O(関東化学,99.0%)を300℃加熱し、無水のMnSO4にした。また、Li2SO4・H2O(関東化学,99.0%)は加熱して、無水のLi2SO4にした。
本実施例は、Li2Fe2−yMny(SO4)3において、y=0.1(実施例1)、y=0.15(実施例2)、y=0.2(実施例3)、及びy=0.25(実施例4)である。
リチウム二次電池は、以下の手順で作製した。
リチウム二次電池の充放電試験は、市販の充放電測定システム(北斗電工社製)を用いて、正極活物質重量当たりの電流密度で10mA/gを通電し、充電終止電圧4.4V、放電終止電圧3.0Vの電圧範囲で行った。電池の充放電試験は、25℃の恒温槽内(雰囲気は通常の生活環境下)で測定を行った。
実施例2で使用したLi2Fe1.85Mn0.15(SO4)3粉末、アセチレンブラック粉末、及びケッチェンブラク粉末を、ボールミル(BM)で粉砕・混合すること(ボールミル処理)により、電池性能の改善を試みた。ボールミル(BM)処理の効果の性能評価を以下に示すように行った。
比較例としてLi2Fe2(SO4)3粉末を用いた場合を検討した。
まず、Fe2(SO4)3は、Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2・6H2Oを大気中、500℃で10時間熱処理することにより合成した。合成したFe2(SO4)3とLiIをモル比1:2となるように秤量し、乳鉢でよく混合した。Fe2(SO4)3とLiIの混合物をアセトニトリル溶媒に入れ、82℃で5時間の熱処理を行った。得られた粉末をアセトニトリル溶液で洗浄し、過剰のLiIを除去して、Li2Fe2(SO4)3粉末を得た。得られたLi2Fe2(SO4)3粉末、アセチレンブラック粉末、及びケッチェンブラック粉末を70:20:5の重量比で混合し、ボールミルで16時間粉砕混合(ボールミル処理)した。その混合粉末に、結着剤としてPTFE(ポリテトラフルオチレン)を混合し、ロール成形して正極ペレットを得た。
2 セパレータ(電解質液を含浸)
3 負極
4 正極ケース
5 ガスケット
6 負極ケース
Claims (5)
- 物質の構造中にリチウムイオンを含有するリチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能な物質を含む正極、
金属リチウム、リチウム含有物質又はリチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能な物質を含む負極、及び
リチウムイオン導電性を有する電解質
を含むリチウム二次電池であり、
前記リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能な物質が、LixFe2-yMny(SO4)3(0<x≦2、0<y<2)を含むことを特徴とするリチウム二次電池。 - 前記正極は、カーボン粒子をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 前記電解質が、リチウムイオンを含む有機電解質であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 硫酸鉄、硫酸マンガン、及び硫酸リチウムを混合する工程と、
得られた混合物を100℃以上350℃以下で固相反応させる工程と
を含む、LixFe2-yMny(SO4)3(0<x≦2、0<y<2)の製造方法。 - 前記固相反応させる工程が、真空中、アルゴン雰囲気中、又は窒素雰囲気中から選択される還元雰囲気下で焼成する工程を含むこと特徴とする請求項4に記載のLixFe2-yMny(SO4)3(0<x≦2、0<y<2)の製造方法。
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JP6039539B2 true JP6039539B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
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Cited By (1)
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CN106229487A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 北京化工大学 | 一种碳热还原硫酸锂制备锂硫电池炭/硫化锂复合正极材料的方法 |
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JP2002056848A (ja) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-02-22 | Toshiba Battery Co Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
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CN106229487A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 北京化工大学 | 一种碳热还原硫酸锂制备锂硫电池炭/硫化锂复合正极材料的方法 |
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