JP6002337B1 - 半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ - Google Patents
半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6002337B1 JP6002337B1 JP2015560454A JP2015560454A JP6002337B1 JP 6002337 B1 JP6002337 B1 JP 6002337B1 JP 2015560454 A JP2015560454 A JP 2015560454A JP 2015560454 A JP2015560454 A JP 2015560454A JP 6002337 B1 JP6002337 B1 JP 6002337B1
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- bonding wire
- wire
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- coating layer
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/44—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
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- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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Abstract
Description
(1)Cu合金芯材と、前記Cu合金芯材の表面に形成されたPd被覆層とを有する半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤにおいて、
前記ボンディングワイヤがGa、Geから選ばれる1種以上の元素を含み、ワイヤ全体に対する前記元素の濃度が合計で0.011〜1.5質量%であることを特徴とする半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(2)前記Pd被覆層の厚さが0.015〜0.150μmであることを特徴とする上記(1)記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(3)前記Pd被覆層上にさらにAuとPdを含む合金表皮層を有することを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(4)前記AuとPdを含む合金表皮層の厚さが0.0005〜0.050μmであることを特徴とする上記(3)記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(5)前記ボンディングワイヤがさらにNi、Ir、Ptから選ばれる1種以上の元素を含み、ワイヤ全体に対する前記元素の濃度がそれぞれ0.011〜1.2質量%であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(4)のいずれか1つ記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(6)前記Cu合金芯材がPdを含み、前記Cu合金芯材に含まれるPdの濃度が0.05〜1.2質量%であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(5)のいずれか1つ記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(7)前記ボンディングワイヤがさらにB、P、Mgから選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の元素を含み、ワイヤ全体に対する前記元素の濃度がそれぞれ1〜100質量ppmであることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(6)のいずれか1つ記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(8)前記ボンディングワイヤ表面の結晶方位を測定したときの測定結果において、前記ボンディングワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位のうち長手方向に対して角度差が15度以下である結晶方位<111>の存在比率が面積率で、30〜100%であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(7)のいずれか1つ記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(9)前記ボンディングワイヤの最表面にCuが存在することを特徴とする上記(1)〜(8)のいずれか1つ記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
次に本発明の実施形態に係るボンディングワイヤの製造方法を説明する。ボンディングワイヤは、芯材に用いるCu合金を製造した後、ワイヤ状に細く加工し、Pd被覆層、Au層を形成して、熱処理することで得られる。Pd被覆層、Au層を形成後、再度伸線と熱処理を行う場合もある。Cu合金芯材の製造方法、Pd被覆層、AuとPdを含む合金表皮層の形成方法、熱処理方法について詳しく説明する。
まずサンプルの作製方法について説明する。芯材の原材料となるCuは純度が99.99質量%以上で残部が不可避不純物から構成されるものを用いた。Ga、Ge、Ni、Ir、Pt、Pd、B、P、Mgは純度が99質量%以上で残部が不可避不純物から構成されるものを用いた。ワイヤ又は芯材の組成が目的のものとなるように、芯材への添加元素であるGa、Ge、Ni、Ir、Pt、Pd、B、P、Mgを調合する。Ga、Ge、Ni、Ir、Pt、Pd、B、P、Mgの添加に関しては、単体での調合も可能であるが、単体で高融点の元素や添加量が極微量である場合には、添加元素を含むCu母合金をあらかじめ作製しておいて目的の添加量となるように調合しても良い。
ワイヤ表面を観察面として、結晶組織の評価を行った。評価手法として、後方散乱電子線回折法(EBSD、Electron Backscattered Diffraction)を用いた。EBSD法は観察面の結晶方位を観察し、隣り合う測定点間での結晶方位の角度差を図示できるという特徴を有し、ボンディングワイヤのような細線であっても、比較的簡便ながら精度よく結晶方位を観察できる。
評価用のリードフレームに、ループ長5mm、ループ高さ0.5mmで100本ボンディングした。評価方法として、チップ水平方向からワイヤ直立部を観察し、ボール接合部の中心を通る垂線とワイヤ直立部との間隔が最大であるときの間隔(リーニング間隔)で評価した。リーニング間隔がワイヤ径よりも小さい場合にはリーニングは良好、大きい場合には直立部が傾斜しているためリーニングは不良であると判断した。100本のボンディングしたワイヤを光学顕微鏡で観察し、リーニング不良の本数を数えた。不良が7個以上発生した場合には問題があると判断し×印、不良が4〜6個であれば実用可能であるがやや問題有りとして△印、不良が1〜3個の場合は問題ないと判断し○印、不良が発生しなかった場合には優れていると判断し◎印とし、表1の「リーニング」の欄に表記した。
表1に記載の本発明例1〜107に係るボンディングワイヤは、Cu合金芯材と、Cu合金芯材の表面に形成されたPd被覆層とを有し、ボンディングワイヤがGa、Geから選ばれる1種以上の元素を含み、ワイヤ全体に対する前記元素の濃度が合計で0.011〜1.5質量%である。これにより本発明例1〜107に係るボンディングワイヤは、温度が130℃、相対湿度が85%の高温高湿環境下でのHAST試験でボール接合部信頼性が得られることを確認した。
Claims (9)
- Cu合金芯材と、前記Cu合金芯材の表面に形成されたPd被覆層とを有する半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤにおいて、
前記ボンディングワイヤがGaを含み、ワイヤ全体に対するGaの濃度が0.025質量%以上1.5質量%以下であることを特徴とする半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。 - 前記Pd被覆層の厚さが0.015μm以上0.150μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記Pd被覆層上にさらにAuとPdを含む合金表皮層を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記AuとPdを含む合金表皮層の厚さが0.0005μm以上0.050μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記ボンディングワイヤがさらにNi、Ir、Ptから選ばれる1種以上の元素を含み、ワイヤ全体に対する前記元素の濃度がそれぞれ0.011質量%以上1.2質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記Cu合金芯材がPdを含み、前記Cu合金芯材に含まれるPdの濃度が0.05質量%以上1.2質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記ボンディングワイヤがさらにB、P、Mgから選ばれる少なくとも1種以上の元素を含み、ワイヤ全体に対する前記元素の濃度がそれぞれ1質量ppm以上100質量ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記ボンディングワイヤ表面の結晶方位を測定したときの測定結果において、前記ボンディングワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位のうち長手方向に対して角度差が15度以下である結晶方位<111>の存在比率が30%以上100%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記ボンディングワイヤの最表面にCuが存在することを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
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SG10201705029XA (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-07-28 | Nippon Micrometal Corp | Bonding wire for semiconductor device |
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