JP5995873B2 - 合成ガスの生成方法及び製造装置、並びに、液体燃料の合成方法及び合成装置 - Google Patents
合成ガスの生成方法及び製造装置、並びに、液体燃料の合成方法及び合成装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 56
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001193 catalytic steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
(1)バイオマスの熱分解により生じるバイオ液体燃料及び水蒸気を反応管内のガス化空間に供給し、前記反応管の管壁を介して外部より加熱して水蒸気改質反応を生じせしめることを特徴とする合成ガスの製造方法。
(2)前記バイオ液体燃料は、固体のバイオマスを熱分解(急速加熱分解等)することにより得られる生成物から液体状の部分を分離したものであることを特徴とする(1)の製造方法。
(3)前記ガス化空間に触媒が存在しないことを特徴とする(1)又は(2)の製造方法。
(4)前記ガス化空間に供給される前記水蒸気と前記バイオ液体燃料中の炭素のモル比が0.3以上であることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかの製造方法。
(5)前記ガス化空間が800℃〜1200℃に加熱されることを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれかの製造方法。
(6)前記ガス化空間の圧力が0.1〜10MPaであることを特徴とする(1)〜(5)のいずれかの製造方法。
(7)前記バイオ液体燃料の粘度が10〜50センチストークスであり、前記ガス化空間に前記バイオ液体燃料が噴霧方式で供給されることを特徴とする(1)〜(6)のいずれかの製造方法。
(8)前記バイオ液体燃料が、固形のバイオマスを、積極的には脱酸素処理を行うことなく、400〜500℃に加熱することにより生成されることを特徴とする(1)〜(7)のいずれかの製造方法。
(9)前記水蒸気改質において下記式[1]の化学反応が生じ、q1=45〜55%,q2=20〜30%,q3=8〜12%,q4=15〜25%であり、前記ガス化空間内の温度が800℃のときにp1が約0.3であり、前記ガス化空間内の温度が1000℃のときにp1が約1.0であることを特徴とする(1)〜(8)のいずれかの製造方法。
CmH2On+p1H2O
→q1H2+q2CO+q3CH4+q4CO2 …[1]
(10)管壁により外部から分離されたガス化空間を有する反応管と、
前記反応管にバイオマスの熱分解により生じるバイオ液体燃料及び水蒸気を供給する供給管と、
前記管壁を介して外部から前記ガス化空間を加熱する加熱手段を有することを特徴とする合成ガスの製造装置。
(11)(1)に記載の製造方法によって得られた、水素、一酸化炭素を主成分とするガスを原料とし、化学合成によって、メタノール、ガソリン・軽油などの炭化水素系液体燃料を製造することを特徴とする、液体燃料合成装置および合成方法。
(a)バイオ液体燃料と石油系燃料では合成ガス組成に大きな違いが見られる。また、石油系原料では大量の煤塵により予定実験時間の半ば15分で炉外フィルターが閉塞し実験を中断せざるを得なかった。
(b)バイオ液体燃料では、炉外に排出される煤塵量が原料の1%以下であるのに対し、石油系では40%をこえる。また、供給水蒸気と燃料中の炭素のモル比は5であるが、反応水と燃料中炭素のモル比は、表1中に示されるとおり約0.45であった。
(c)石油系の合成ガス組成ではCO,CO2が極度に少なく、固体炭素系生成物、炭化水素ガスが多い。
(d)以上を総合すると、無触媒の水蒸気改質反応においては原料が、性状として澄明な灯油や原油などの石油系よりも、タール状のバイオ液体燃料の方が、有効な合成ガス(H2、CO)を格段に多量に得ることができることが明らかとなった。これはバイオ液体燃料中の分子内酸素結合がガス化に当たって良好に作用しているためと思われる。
CmH2On+p1H2O
→q1H2+q2CO+q3CH4+q4CO2 …[1]
ここで、CmH2Onは元素分析から求めた簡易組成式である。一般に、m=1.2〜1.6、n=0.6〜1.0である。p1は反応温度によって変化するが、800℃で約0.3、1000℃で約1.0である。q1,q2,q3,q4も反応温度によって変化するが、q1=45〜55%,q2=20〜30%, q3=8〜12%,q4=15〜25%である。
102・・・加熱分解炉
103・・・燃焼炉
104・・・固体状の残渣
105・・・生成ガス
106・・・ガス・液分離冷却装置
107・・・冷却媒体の入口
108・・・冷却媒体の出口
109・・・バイオ液体燃料
110・・・噴霧ノズル
111・・・ガス燃料
201・・・反応管
202・・・耐熱反応炉
203・・・燃焼炉
204・・・燃料
205・・・燃焼用空気
206・・・高温燃焼ガス
207・・・燃焼ガスの排気口
208・・・燃焼ガスの排気口
209・・・合成ガス
210・・・脱硫装置
211・・・精製合成ガス
212・・・合成塔
Claims (1)
- バイオマスの熱分解により生じるバイオ液体燃料及び水蒸気を反応管内のガス化空間に供給し、前記反応管の管壁を介して外部より加熱して水蒸気改質反応を生じせしめ、
前記水蒸気改質において下記式[1]の化学反応が生じ、
q 1 =45〜55%,q 2 =20〜30%,q 3 =8〜12%,q 4 =15〜25%であり、
前記ガス化空間内の温度が800℃のときにp 1 が約0.3であり、
前記ガス化空間内の温度が1000℃のときにp 1 が約1.0であり、
下記式[1]のC m H 2 O n は、バイオマスの元素分析から求めた簡易組成式であることを特徴とする合成ガスの製造方法。
C m H 2 O n +p 1 H 2 O
→q 1 H 2 +q 2 CO+q 3 CH 4 +q 4 CO 2 …[1]
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KR20210110158A (ko) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-07 | 연세대학교 원주산학협력단 | 바이오원유 가스화 공정에서의 합성가스의 내 타르저감 및 합성가스의 합성가스의 조성물을 조절할 수 있는 방법 및 그 장치 |
KR20230033796A (ko) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-09 | 엄환섭 | 바이오 오일을 전자파 플라스마 토치로 개질 하여 합성가스를 생산하는 장치와 방법 |
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WO2007002931A2 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Phosphoramidate alkylator prodrugs |
JPWO2015170692A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-04 | 2017-04-20 | 明和工業株式会社 | バイオオイルを使用する燃料供給システム及び固体酸化物形燃料電池による発電システム |
CN106281517B (zh) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-06-23 | 中蓝能源(深圳)有限公司 | 用废塑料或废塑料制备的油制取清洁醇燃料的方法及装置 |
US20210388278A1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2021-12-16 | Greenfield Global Inc. | A process for producing synthetic jet fuel |
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HU9201539D0 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-08-28 | Kortec Ag | Method and device for gasifying gasifiable materials and/or transforming gas as well as heat exchanger of high temperature for executing said method |
WO1997044410A1 (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1997-11-27 | Rti Resource Transforms International Ltd. | Energy efficient liquefaction of biomaterials by thermolysis |
JP2005041733A (ja) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-17 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | バイオマスによる水素製造法 |
JP2008001826A (ja) * | 2006-06-23 | 2008-01-10 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | タイヤトレッド用ゴム組成物 |
JP2008069017A (ja) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-03-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素製造方法 |
JP5174411B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2013-04-03 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | 管式リフォーマーの有効熱利用方法 |
JP4665021B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-03 | 2011-04-06 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | バイオマスのガス化方法 |
JP5659536B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2015-01-28 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | タール含有ガスの改質用触媒及びその製造方法、並びにタール含有ガスの改質方法 |
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KR20210110158A (ko) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-07 | 연세대학교 원주산학협력단 | 바이오원유 가스화 공정에서의 합성가스의 내 타르저감 및 합성가스의 합성가스의 조성물을 조절할 수 있는 방법 및 그 장치 |
KR102444094B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-09-16 | 연세대학교 원주산학협력단 | 바이오원유 가스화 공정에서의 합성가스의 내 타르저감 및 합성가스의 합성가스의 조성물을 조절할 수 있는 방법 및 그 장치 |
KR20230033796A (ko) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-09 | 엄환섭 | 바이오 오일을 전자파 플라스마 토치로 개질 하여 합성가스를 생산하는 장치와 방법 |
WO2023033294A1 (ko) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-09 | 엄환섭 | 바이오 오일을 전자파 플라스마 토치로 개질 하여 합성가스를 생산하는 장치와 방법 |
KR102588810B1 (ko) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-10-16 | 엄환섭 | 바이오 오일을 전자파 플라스마 토치로 개질 하여 합성가스를 생산하는 장치와 방법 |
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