JP5974211B2 - A new Ural elephant and its growing stron - Google Patents
A new Ural elephant and its growing stron Download PDFInfo
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- JP5974211B2 JP5974211B2 JP2009200179A JP2009200179A JP5974211B2 JP 5974211 B2 JP5974211 B2 JP 5974211B2 JP 2009200179 A JP2009200179 A JP 2009200179A JP 2009200179 A JP2009200179 A JP 2009200179A JP 5974211 B2 JP5974211 B2 JP 5974211B2
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Description
本発明は新規ウラルカンゾウ及びその栽培用ストロンに関する。詳しくは、グリチルリチン酸を高収量に取得することのできるグリチルリチン酸高収量性ウラルカンゾウに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a novel Uralphanthus and a stron for cultivation thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a glycyrrhizic acid high yielding larval elephant that can obtain glycyrrhizic acid in a high yield.
カンゾウ属植物はマメ科に属し、ロシア南部、モンゴル、中国北部〜中国西部、欧州等の乾燥地帯に自生する多年生植物である。一部のカンゾウ属植物の根やストロン（地下茎）を乾燥させたものは甘草と呼ばれ、漢方で古くから鎮けい薬、鎮痛薬、鎮咳薬、去たん薬等として汎用されている。 Licorice belongs to the leguminous family and is a perennial plant that grows naturally in dry regions such as southern Russia, Mongolia, northern China to western China, and Europe. Some dried licorice roots and strons (underground stems) are called licorice, and have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine as antispasmodics, analgesics, antitussives, and expectorants.
特に、第十五改正日本薬局方においては、甘草の基原植物として、ウラルカンゾウ（商品名：東北甘草、英名：リコリス、学名：グリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャー（Ｇｌｙｃｙｒｒｈｉｚａ ｕｒａｌｅｎｓｉｓ Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ））及びスペインカンゾウ（商品名：西北甘草、英名：リコリス、学名：グリチルリザ・グラブラ・リンネ（Ｇｌｙｃｙｒｒｈｉｚａ ｇｌａｂｒａ Ｌｉｎｎｅ））が規定されている。また、同日本薬局方には、甘草が、主成分であるトリテルペノイドサポニンのグリチルリチン酸を２．５％以上含むことが規定されている。 In particular, in the 15th revision of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, as the basic plant of licorice, Uralcanzo (trade name: Tohoku licorice, English name: licorice, scientific name: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer) and Spanish licorice (product) Name: Nishikita licorice, English name: licorice, scientific name: Glycyrrhiza glabra Linne). The Japanese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that licorice contains 2.5% or more of glycyrrhizic acid, which is a triterpenoid saponin, which is a main component.
グリチルリチン酸は、肝機能強化作用、抗腫瘍作用、抗炎症作用、抗ウィルス作用、抗アレルギー作用、抗アトピー作用等を有しており、医薬品として極めて有用である。また、グリチルリチン酸は、ショ糖の約１５０倍という独特な甘味を有しているため、医薬品に限らず、醤油や菓子等の甘味料としても大量に消費されている。 Glycyrrhizic acid has a liver function enhancing action, an antitumor action, an anti-inflammatory action, an antiviral action, an antiallergic action, an antiatopic action, and the like, and is extremely useful as a pharmaceutical product. Glycyrrhizic acid has a unique sweetness of about 150 times that of sucrose, and is therefore consumed in large quantities as a sweetener such as soy sauce and confectionery, as well as pharmaceuticals.
現在、我が国の市場に流通している甘草は、殆ど全てが野生品で賄われており、中国等の原産国からの輸入に頼っているのが現状であるが、近年では、これらの地域での資源の枯渇が問題となっている。このため、甘草の圃場栽培について、様々な研究が試みられている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Currently, almost all licorice in the Japanese market is covered with wild products, and the current situation is that it relies on imports from the country of origin such as China. The depletion of resources is a problem. For this reason, various researches are tried about field cultivation of licorice (for example, refer to patent documents 1).
しかしながら、甘草の栽培品は、栽培地域や天候等の影響によりグリチルリチン酸の含有率に差が生じるため、安定に且つ大量に生産することが難しく、また、グリチルリチン酸の含有率が同日本薬局方に定める基準値の２．５％以上になることが極めて稀であるという問題があり、これらの原因については解明できていない。 However, because cultivated licorice has a difference in the content of glycyrrhizic acid due to the influence of the cultivation area, weather, etc., it is difficult to produce glycyrrhizic acid stably and in large quantities. There is a problem that it is extremely rare that it becomes 2.5% or more of the reference value defined in (1), and the cause of these problems cannot be elucidated.
本発明は、上記従来技術の有する問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、グリチルリチン酸を高収量に取得することのできるグリチルリチン酸高収量性ウラルカンゾウを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a glycyrrhizic acid high-yield uracanzo that can obtain glycyrrhizic acid in a high yield. .
本発明の上記目的は、下記の手段によって達成される。 The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
（１）すなわち、本発明は、国立研究開発法人医薬基盤・健康・栄養研究所薬用植物資源研究センター北海道研究部で保存しているウラルカンゾウＮｏ．５、Ｎｏ．２０、Ｎｏ．４６、Ｎｏ．５３、Ｎｏ．７０、Ｎｏ．７５又はＮｏ．７９であって、グリチルリチン酸の地下部収量が３．５〜１５．０ｇであることを特徴とする、グリチルリチン酸高収量性グリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーである。 (1) That is, the present invention relates to Uralphanthus No. 1 preserved at the Hokkaido Research Department, Medicinal Plant Resource Research Center , National Institute of Biomedical Innovation , Health and Nutrition. 5, no. 20, no. 46, no. 53, no. 70, no. 75 or No. 79. A glycyrrhizic uralensis fisher having a high yield of glycyrrhizic acid, wherein the underground yield of glycyrrhizic acid is 3.5 to 15.0 g.
（２）本発明はまた、国立研究開発法人医薬基盤・健康・栄養研究所薬用植物資源研究センター北海道研究部で保存しているウラルカンゾウＮｏ．１０又はＮｏ．１５であって、グリチルリチン酸の地下部収量が３．５〜１５．０ｇであることを特徴とする、グリチルリチン酸高収量性グリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーである。 (2) The present invention also relates to Uralphanthus No. 1 preserved in the Hokkaido Research Department, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources , National Institute of Biomedical Innovation , Health and Nutrition. 10 or No. 15. A glycyrrhizic uralensis fisher having a high yield of glycyrrhizic acid, wherein the yield of glycyrrhizic acid is 3.5 to 15.0 g.
（３）本発明はまた、前記地下部収量が８．５〜１５．０ｇである、（１）又は（２）に記載のグリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーである。 (3) The present invention is also the glycyrrhiza urarensis fisher according to (1) or (2) , wherein the yield of the underground part is 8.5 to 15.0 g.
（４）本発明はまた、グリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率が３．２〜４．７％であり、且つ地下部生重量が１５０〜９００ｇであることを特徴とする、（１）〜（３）の何れか１つに記載のグリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーである。 (4) The present invention is also characterized in that the underground portion content of glycyrrhizic acid is 3.2 to 4.7% and the underground portion raw weight is 150 to 900 g, (1) to (3 ) Is a glycyrrhiz uralensis fisher described in any one of the above.
（５）本発明はまた、グリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率が４．０〜４．７％であり、且つ地下部生重量が１５０〜４００ｇである、（１）に記載のグリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーである。 (5) The glycyrrhizal uralensis fisher according to (1) , wherein the underground content of glycyrrhizic acid is 4.0 to 4.7%, and the raw weight of the underground is 150 to 400 g. It is.
（６）本発明はまた、グリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率が３．２〜３．７％であり、且つ地下部生重量が８００〜９００ｇである、（２）に記載のグリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーである。 (6) The present invention also relates to underground content of glycyrrhizic acid is 3.2 to 3.7%, and below-ground fresh weight is 800～900G, Gurichiruriza-uralensis Fisher described in (2) It is.
（７）本発明はまた、（１）〜（６）の何れか１つに記載のグリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーの栽培に用いることを特徴とする、グリチルリチン酸高収量性グリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャーの栽培用ストロンである。 (7) The cultivation of glycyrrhizic acid high yielding glycyrrhiz uralensis fisher characterized in that the present invention is also used for cultivation of glycyrrhizia uralensis fisher according to any one of (1) to (6) For Stron.
本発明のウラルカンゾウによれば、グリチルリチン酸の地下部収量が３．５〜１５．０ｇであり、極めて高いグリチルリチン酸収量性を有するので、鎮けい薬、鎮痛薬、鎮咳薬、去たん薬等の漢方薬や、醤油や菓子等の甘味料等の原料として極めて有用である。 According to the Uralanthus of the present invention, the underground yield of glycyrrhizic acid is 3.5 to 15.0 g and has a very high yield of glycyrrhizic acid, so that it is an antispasmodic, analgesic, antitussive, expectorant, etc. It is extremely useful as a raw material for Chinese herbal medicines, sweeteners such as soy sauce and sweets.
また、本発明の栽培用ストロンによれば、グリチルリチン酸高収量性ウラルカンゾウを簡便且つ効率的に栽培することができる。また、保存性や運搬性等に優れており、市場での取り扱い性にも優れている。 Moreover, according to the cultivation stron of the present invention, it is possible to easily and efficiently cultivate glycyrrhizic acid high-yielding uralcao. Moreover, it is excellent in preservability, transportability, etc., and is also excellent in handling in the market.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明は、グリチルリチン酸の地下部収量が３．５〜１５．０ｇであるグリチルリチン酸高収量性のウラルカンゾウである。 The present invention relates to a glycyrrhizal high yielding glycerine having an underground yield of glycyrrhizic acid of 3.5 to 15.0 g.
本発明のウラルカンゾウ（商品名：東北甘草、英名：リコリス、学名：グリチルリザ・ウラレンシス・フィッシャー（Ｇｌｙｃｙｒｒｈｉｚａ ｕｒａｌｅｎｓｉｓ Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ））は、甘草（生薬）の基原植物であり、一般的には、図１に示すウラルカンゾウの根やストロンを含む地下部に、グリチルリチン酸が多く含まれていることが知られている。 Ural licorice (trade name: Tohoku licorice, English name: licorice, scientific name: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer) of the present invention is a basic plant of licorice (herbal medicine), generally shown in FIG. It is known that a large amount of glycyrrhizic acid is contained in the subterranean part including the roots and strons of Uralcanus as shown.
本発明のウラルカンゾウにおけるグリチルリチン酸の地下部収量は、１個体につき３．５〜１５．０ｇ、好ましくは８．５〜１５．０ｇである。グリチルリチン酸の地下部収量とは、その個体の地下部に含まれるグリチルリチン酸の収量であり、具体的には、圃場から掘り上げられたウラルカンゾウの地下部の乾燥物の重量と、第十五改正日本薬局方に規定された方法で算出されたグリチルリチン酸の含有率との乗算により求められるものである。 The underground part yield of glycyrrhizic acid in the Ural licorice of the present invention is 3.5 to 15.0 g, preferably 8.5 to 15.0 g per individual. The underground yield of glycyrrhizic acid is the yield of glycyrrhizic acid contained in the underground part of the individual. Specifically, the weight of dry matter in the subterranean larva extracted from the field and the fifteenth It is obtained by multiplication with the content of glycyrrhizic acid calculated by the method prescribed in the revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
本発明のウラルカンゾウは、グリチルリチン酸の地下部収量が上記範囲内となるために、グリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率が３．２〜４．７％であり、且つ地下部生重量が１５０〜９００ｇであることが好ましい。このようなグリチルリチン酸の地下部収量と地下部生重量の関係を満足する本発明のウラルカンゾウとしては、具体的には、グリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率が４．０〜４．７％であり且つ地下部生重量が１５０〜４００ｇであるグリチルリチン酸高含有率型のウラルカンゾウと、グリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率が３．２〜３．７％であり且つ地下部生重量が８００〜９００ｇである地下部高重量型のウラルカンゾウとがあり、前者の例としては、独立行政法人医薬基盤研究所薬用植物資源研究センター北海道研究部で保存しているウラルカンゾウＮｏ．５、Ｎｏ．２０、Ｎｏ．４６、Ｎｏ．５３、Ｎｏ．７０、Ｎｏ．７５、Ｎｏ．７９等が挙げられ、後者の例としては、同所で保存しているウラルカンゾウＮｏ．１０、Ｎｏ．１５等が挙げられる。 Since the yield of glycyrrhizic acid is within the above-mentioned range, the subterranean content of glycyrrhizic acid of the present invention is 3.2 to 4.7% and the underground weight is 150 to 900 g. It is preferable that Specifically, as the larval elephant of the present invention satisfying the relationship between the underground yield of glycyrrhizic acid and the fresh weight of the underground, the underground content of glycyrrhizic acid is 4.0 to 4.7%. In addition, the glycyrrhizic acid high content type of Ural licorice having an underground raw weight of 150 to 400 g, the underground content of glycyrrhizic acid is 3.2 to 3.7%, and the underground raw weight is 800 to 900 g. There is a certain heavy underground larva of the subterranean area. As an example of the former, Ural licorice No. 2 preserved in the Hokkaido Research Department, Research Institute for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation. 5, no. 20, no. 46, no. 53, no. 70, no. 75, no. 79 and the like, and examples of the latter include Uralphanthus No. 10, no. 15 etc. are mentioned.
同日本薬局方において、甘草のグリチルリチン酸の地下部含有率は、ウラルカンゾウの乾燥物に対して２．５％以上であることが規定されているが、本発明のウラルカンゾウは、上記のとおりいずれも係る基準を満足するものである。 In the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, it is stipulated that the underground content of glycyrrhizic acid in licorice is 2.5% or more with respect to the dried product of larval elephant, but the larval elephant of the present invention is as described above. Both satisfy these standards.
本発明のウラルカンゾウは、所定の方法により栽培することができる。即ち、一般的なウラルカンゾウは種子栽培をすることができるが、成長が遅いためにグリチルリチン酸の収量性を向上させることはできない。そこで、ウラルカンゾウのストロンを用いた栄養栽培を利用することで、栽培速度を速め収量性を向上させることができる。具体的には、「薬用植物 栽培と品質評価 Ｐａｒｔ１０、ｐ．５１−６２、薬事日報社」に記載の方法に準じ、本発明の栽培用ストロンを１５〜２０ｃｍの長さに切断し、基肥として堆肥、化成肥料及び炭酸カルシウムが施用された、排水性が良好で耕土が深い土壌において、４月中旬〜下旬（寒冷地では５月上旬〜中旬）に、所定の長さに切断した栽培用ストロンを移植する。２年目以降は、４月中旬〜下旬（寒冷地では５月上旬〜中旬）に、化学肥料及び炭酸カルシウムを追肥し、除草を月１回程度行うことにより栽培することができる。
The Uralphanthus of the present invention can be cultivated by a predetermined method. That is, common Uralphanthus can be cultivated in seeds, but cannot increase the yield of glycyrrhizic acid because of its slow growth. Therefore, the cultivation speed can be increased and the yield can be improved by utilizing the nutrient cultivation using the stront of Uralanthus. Specifically, according to the method described in “Medical Plant Cultivation and
なお、本発明の栽培用ストロンは、本発明のウラルカンゾウの成体から取得する以外に、例えば、特願２００５−１３７２９１号公報に記載の方法により本発明のウラルカンゾウの腋芽組織を暗黒下で液体培養することによっても取得することができる。 In addition, the stron for cultivation of the present invention is obtained from the adult larval elephant of the present invention, for example, by the method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-137291, the axillary bud tissue of the present invention is liquid in the dark. It can also be obtained by culturing.
また、本発明の栽培用ストロンの独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センターへの寄託が技術的理由により拒絶されたので、当該栽培用ストロンは出願人が分譲することを保証する。 In addition, since the deposit of the cultivation stron of the present invention to the Patent Organism Depositary of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology has been refused for technical reasons, it is guaranteed that the applicant will sell the cultivation stron.
次に、本発明のウラルカンゾウを、実施例により更に詳しく説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。 Next, the Uralphanthus of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course.
［実施例１］ [Example 1]
２００４年６月７日に、独立行政法人医薬基盤研究所薬用植物資源研究センター北海道研究部（所在地：北海道名寄市（北緯：４４°２１′、東経：１４２°２７′）、年平均気温：５．４℃（−３０．１〜３０．９℃）、年間降水量：８６０ｍｍ（２００３年））において、ウラルカンゾウの種子（中国内蒙古産、（株）栃本天海堂より入手、導入番号：ＨＫ１５７３９−０９）を、畝幅８０ｃｍ及び株間１０ｃｍの栽培密度（１２．５株／ｍ２）で播種し、以下に示す施肥条件で約５年間栽培した。ただし、この５年間は、灌水及び農薬散布を一切行わなかった。また、畝間を乗用管理機で、及び株間を手で、月に１回程度除草を行った。なお、上記センターの圃場における土壌の理化学性は、図２に示した通りであり、ウラルカンゾウ栽培中の気象条件は、図３〜５に示した通りである。
（１）２００４年
On June 7, 2004, Hokkaido Research Dept., Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Research (Location: Nayoro City, Hokkaido (North latitude: 44 ° 21 ', East longitude: 142 ° 27'), Annual average temperature: 5 At 4 ° C. (−30.1 to 30.9 ° C.) and annual precipitation: 860 mm (2003)), Ural licorice seeds (obtained from Inner Mongolia, China, Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., introduction number: HK15739- 09) was sown at a cultivation density (12.5 strains / m 2 ) having a ridge width of 80 cm and a strain of 10 cm, and cultivated under the fertilization conditions shown below for about 5 years. However, no irrigation or pesticide spraying was performed during the last 5 years. Moreover, weeding was carried out about once a month by using a passenger management machine in the furrow and by hand between the stocks. In addition, the physicochemical property of the soil in the farm field of the said center is as having shown in FIG. 2, and the meteorological conditions during the cultivation of Ural licorice are as having shown in FIGS.
(1) 2004
１）基肥：炭酸カルシウム１００ｋｇ／１０ａ、完熟堆肥を２ｔ／１０ａ施し、５月２６日に化成肥料４４４を４０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝５．６、５．６、５．６ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用 1) Basic fertilizer: 100 kg / 10a of calcium carbonate, 2t / 10a of fully matured compost, and 40 kg / 10a of chemical fertilizer 444 on May 26 (N, P, K = 5.6, 5.6, 5.6 kg / 10a) ) Application
２）追肥：８月６日化成肥料Ｓ３２５を４０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝１．２、８．８、６ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用
（２）２００５年
2) Additional fertilizer: August 6 chemical fertilizer S325 applied 40kg / 10a (N, P, K = 1.2, 8.8, 6kg / 10a) (2) 2005
１）追肥：５月２６日に炭酸カルシウム１００ｋｇ／１０ａ、化成肥料４４４を６０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝８．４、８．４、８．４ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用、８月４日に化成肥料Ｓ３２５を６０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝１．８、１３．２、９ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用
（３）２００６年
1) Additional fertilization: Application of calcium carbonate 100kg / 10a and chemical fertilizer 444 on May 26 at 60kg / 10a (N, P, K = 8.4, 8.4, 8.4kg / 10a), August 4 Application of chemical fertilizer S325 at 60kg / 10a (N, P, K = 1.8, 13.2, 9kg / 10a) (3) 2006
１）追肥：５月下旬に炭酸カルシウム１００ｋｇ／１０ａ、化成肥料４４４を６０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝８．４、８．４、８．４ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用、８月上旬に化成肥料Ｓ３２５を６０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝１．８、１３．２、９ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用
（４）２００７年
1) Additional fertilizer application: 100 kg / 10a calcium carbonate and 60 kg / 10a (N, P, K = 8.4, 8.4, 8.4 kg / 10a) of chemical fertilizer 444 in late May, chemical fertilizer in early August Application of S325 to 60kg / 10a (N, P, K = 1.8, 13.2, 9kg / 10a) (4) 2007
１）追肥：５月下旬に炭酸カルシウム１００ｋｇ／１０ａ、化成肥料４４４を９０ｋｇ／１０ａ（Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ＝１２．６、１２．６、１２．６ｋｇ／１０ａ）施用
（５）２００８年
1) Additional fertilization: Application of calcium carbonate 100kg / 10a and chemical fertilizer 444 90kg / 10a (N, P, K = 12.6, 12.6, 12.6kg / 10a) in late May (5) 2008
１）追肥：なし 1) Additional fertilizer: None
その後、２００８年８月２７日に、ウラルカンゾウ畑（およそ３６０ｍ２）の約４０ｍ×２畝に植えられていたウラルカンゾウ（概算６００個体）を、デガーを用いて収穫した。次いで、同２８日に、収穫されたウラルカンゾウの絡まったストロンを解き、これらの中から根の生育が旺盛で健全な１００個体を選別して個体ごとにラベリング（Ｎｏ．１〜１００）し、茎葉、根及びストロンを切り分け、根及びストロンを水洗浄した。
After that, on August 27, 2008, larvae (approx. 600 individuals) planted in about 40 m × 2 の in the uralcanzo fields (approximately 360 m 2 ) were harvested using a degar. Next, on the
［実施例２］ [Example 2]
実施例１で得られた本発明のウラルカンゾウ（Ｎｏ．１〜１００）について、水洗浄後の根の表皮の色及び横断面の色を観察した結果を図６〜８に示した。なお、根の表皮の色については、赤みが強いものを５とした５段階評価を行い、横断面の色については、黄色みが強いものを５とした５段階評価を行った。 6 to 8 show the results of observing the color of the root epidermis and the cross section after washing with water for the Uralphanthus (No. 1 to 100) of the present invention obtained in Example 1. FIG. In addition, about the color of the root epidermis, the five-step evaluation which set the thing with strong redness to 5 was performed, and about the color of a cross section, the five-step evaluation which set the thing with strong yellowness to 5 was performed.
［実施例３］ [Example 3]
実施例１で得られた本発明のウラルカンゾウ（Ｎｏ．１〜１００）について、水洗浄後の根及びストロンの重量（生重量）をそれぞれ測定し、次いで、これらの生重量を合算して地下部の生重量を算出した結果を図６〜８に示した。 About the Ural licorice (No. 1-100) of this invention obtained in Example 1, the weight (raw weight) of the root and the stron after water washing was measured, respectively, and then these raw weights were added together and underground The results of calculating the raw weight of the parts are shown in FIGS.
図６〜８に示した通り、Ｎｏ．１０及びＮｏ．１５のウラルカンゾウの地下部生重量は８２４ｇ及び８５０ｇであった。これより、他のウラルカンゾウの地下部生重量と比較して、非常に大きな根及びストロンを有するウラルカンゾウを得られることが確認できた。 As shown in FIGS. 10 and no. The underground weight of 15 Uralph's elephants was 824 g and 850 g. From this, it was confirmed that a larval elephant having very large roots and strons can be obtained as compared with the raw weight of the other subterranean licorice.
[実施例４] [Example 4]
実施例１で得られた本発明のウラルカンゾウ（Ｎｏ．１〜１００）について、水洗浄後の根のうち図１に示した主根の頭部から下部に向けて約１２ｃｍの部分（分析用試料）を採取し、乾燥機を用いて５０℃で１０日間乾燥させることで乾燥物を得た。次いで、得られた乾燥物を粉砕器で粉砕して粉末試料を得た後、この粉末試料を、乾燥機を用いて５０℃で１２時間乾燥させて乾燥粉末試料を得た。次いで、得られた乾燥粉末試料を５０％エタノールで抽出し、局方に規定された方法に準じてグリチルリチン酸の含有率（ＧＬ含有率）を、ＨＰＬＣを用いて測定した結果を図６〜８に示した。 About the Uralphanthus (No. 1 to 100) of the present invention obtained in Example 1, a portion of about 12 cm from the head of the main root shown in FIG. ) Was collected and dried at 50 ° C. for 10 days using a dryer to obtain a dried product. Next, after the obtained dried product was pulverized with a pulverizer to obtain a powder sample, the powder sample was dried at 50 ° C. for 12 hours using a dryer to obtain a dry powder sample. Next, the obtained dry powder sample was extracted with 50% ethanol, and the content of glycyrrhizic acid (GL content) was measured using HPLC according to the method prescribed in the pharmacopoeia. The results are shown in FIGS. It was shown to.
図６〜８に示した通り、Ｎｏ．５、Ｎｏ．２０、Ｎｏ．４６、Ｎｏ．５３、Ｎｏ．７０、Ｎｏ．７５及びＮｏ．７９のウラルカンゾウのＧＬ含有率は４．０〜４．７％であった。これより、局方に規定されたＧＬ値２．５％以上を遥かに超えたＧＬ含有率のウラルカンゾウを得られることが確認できた。 As shown in FIGS . 5, no. 20, no. 46, no. 53, no. 70, no. 75 and no. The GL content of 79 Uralphanthus was 4.0 to 4.7%. From this, it was confirmed that a larval elephant having a GL content far exceeding the GL value of 2.5% or more stipulated by the pharmacopoeia can be obtained.
［実施例６］ [Example 6]
ウラルカンゾウの高ＧＬ含有率系統を選抜するにあたり、実施例２で得られた外部形態（水洗浄後の根の表皮の色及び横断面の色）と実施例４で得られたＧＬ含有率の間に何らかの関連性を見出すことができれば選抜の効率が大幅に向上することから、これを検証して系統選抜に応用できるか否かを検討した結果を図９（ａ）、（ｂ）に示した。 In selecting the high GL content rate line of Ural licorice, the external form obtained in Example 2 (the color of the epidermis and the color of the cross section after water washing) and the GL content rate obtained in Example 4 If any relationship can be found in between, the efficiency of selection will be greatly improved. The results of examining this and examining whether it can be applied to system selection are shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). It was.
図９（ａ）、（ｂ）に示した通り、根の表皮の色とＧＬ含有率の関係についてみると、根の赤味が強くなるほど高ＧＬ含有率となる傾向にあったが、それほど顕著ではなかった（図９（ａ）参照）。これに対し、根の横断面の色とＧＬ含有率の関連性は深く、根の横断面の色が５と判定された個体のＧＬ含有率は３．１２％と高く、１〜３と判定された個体との間には有意差が認められた（図９（ｂ）参照）。即ち、根の断面の色が黄色味を帯びる個体ほど高ＧＬ含有率となり、これまでの経験的法則を裏付ける結果となった。ただし、横断の面の黄色味はフラボノイド系化合物によるものであり、無色であるＧＬとは直接的な関連性がないと考えられる。しかしながら、各種フラボノイド含有率とＧＬ含有率の間には高い正の相関関係が認められることから（Ｋｏｎｄｏ ｋ．， ｅｔ ａｌ．， Ｂｉｏｌ． Ｐｈａｒｍ． Ｂｕｌｌ． ３０， １２７１−１２７７（２００７）参照）、フラボノイドの生産能力が高い系統はＧＬ生産能力も高い傾向にあることが示唆された。このことから、根の横断の面の黄色度による判定は、直接的なＧＬ含有率の評価ではないが、系統選抜の手法の一つとしては有効であることが示唆された。 As shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the relationship between the color of the root epidermis and the GL content rate tended to become a higher GL content rate as the root redness became stronger, but notably remarkable. (See FIG. 9 (a)). On the other hand, the relationship between the color of the cross section of the root and the GL content rate is deep, and the GL content rate of individuals whose cross section color of the root is determined to be 5 is as high as 3.12%, determined to be 1 to 3. Significant differences were observed between the individuals (see FIG. 9 (b)). In other words, individuals with a yellow root cross-section have a higher GL content, confirming the previous empirical rules. However, the yellowness of the transverse plane is attributed to the flavonoid compound and is not considered to be directly related to the colorless GL. However, since a high positive correlation is observed between various flavonoid contents and GL contents (see Kondok., Et al., Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30, 1271-1277 (2007)). It was suggested that the lines with high flavonoid production capacity tend to have high GL production capacity. From this, it was suggested that the determination based on the yellowness level of the root crossing plane is not a direct evaluation of the GL content, but is effective as one of the methods for selecting the lineage.
[実施例７] [Example 7]
実施例３で得られた本発明のウラルカンゾウの地下部生重量と、実施例４で得られたＧＬ含有率とを乗算することにより、個体あたりのグリチルリチン酸の総量（概算、ＧＬ収量）を算出した結果を図６〜８に示した。 The total amount of glycyrrhizic acid (approximate, GL yield) per individual was obtained by multiplying the raw weight of the ground part of the Uralphanthus obtained in Example 3 by the GL content obtained in Example 4. The calculated results are shown in FIGS.
図６〜８に示した通り、地下部生重量は８２４ｇ及び８５０ｇであったＮｏ．１０及びＮｏ．１５のＧＬ収量は、１３．５〜１５．０ｇであり、ＧＬ含有率が４．０〜４．７％であったＮｏ．５、Ｎｏ．２０、Ｎｏ．４６、Ｎｏ．５３、Ｎｏ．７０、Ｎｏ．７５及びＮｏ．７９のウラルカンゾウのＧＬ収量は、３．５〜８．５ｇであった。これより、他のウラルカンゾウの地下部生重量と比較して、これらのウラルカンゾウは、高ＧＬ収量のウラルカンゾウであることが示唆された。
［実施例８］
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the raw weight of the underground part was 824 g and 850 g. 10 and no. 15 had a GL yield of 13.5 to 15.0 g and a GL content of 4.0 to 4.7%. 5, no. 20, no. 46, no. 53, no. 70, no. 75 and no. The GL yield of 79 Uralphanthus was 3.5-8.5 g. From this, it was suggested that these larval elephants are high GL yield larval compared with other raw weights of other larval elephants.
[Example 8]
実施例２で得られた洗浄済みのウラルカンゾウのストロンを、濡れ新聞紙に包んで冷蔵庫を用いて保存し、本発明のウラルカンゾウの栽培用ストロンを得た。 The washed sorghum strontium obtained in Example 2 was wrapped in wet newspaper and stored in a refrigerator to obtain a stront for cultivating sorghum of the present invention.
上述したように、本発明のウラルカンゾウは、極めて高いグリチルリチン酸収量性を有するので、鎮けい薬、鎮痛薬、鎮咳薬、去たん薬等の漢方薬や、醤油や菓子等の甘味料等の原料として極めて有用である。また、本発明の栽培用ストロンは、グリチルリチン酸高収量性ウラルカンゾウを簡便且つ効率的に栽培することができ、保存性や運搬性、市場での取り扱い性等にも優れている。 As described above, the larval elephant of the present invention has an extremely high yield of glycyrrhizic acid, so that it is a raw material for sweeteners such as soy sauce, confectionery, etc. As extremely useful. Moreover, the stron for cultivation of the present invention can cultivate glycyrrhizic acid high-yield uracanzo simply and efficiently, and is excellent in preservability, transportability, marketability and the like.
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