JP5940521B2 - 複合体のインターリーフ中の構造化熱可塑性物質 - Google Patents
複合体のインターリーフ中の構造化熱可塑性物質 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5940521B2 JP5940521B2 JP2013511747A JP2013511747A JP5940521B2 JP 5940521 B2 JP5940521 B2 JP 5940521B2 JP 2013511747 A JP2013511747 A JP 2013511747A JP 2013511747 A JP2013511747 A JP 2013511747A JP 5940521 B2 JP5940521 B2 JP 5940521B2
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Classifications
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Description
両側を開口構造化シート(4gsm(Protecnic(フランス)からの128D04))で取り囲まれた145gsmのIM7−12K UD繊維のシートを作製した。この開口構造化シートとUD繊維とからプリプレグを、エポキシをベースにした36gsmのM56樹脂フィルム(MY721エポキシ樹脂(Huntsmanから入手可能)と溶解されたポリエーテルスルホン及びメチレンビスアニリン硬化剤との混合物)のどちらかの側に張り付けること、及び圧密ローラーを通過させてプリプレグを形成することによって作製した。生じたプリプレグは32%の樹脂含有量を有した。
ベールなしでUD繊維を使用して例1のように比較プリプレグを製造し、同一目付けで樹脂含有量が35%のプリプレグを形成した。
36gsmのM56樹脂フィルムを134gsmのAS7−12K UD繊維のどちらかの側に張り付けること、及び圧密ローラーを通過させることによって、プリプレグを製造した。続いて、128D04ベールをプリプレグの片側に張り付けた後、さらなる組の圧密ローラーを通過させた。本発明に従うこのプリプレグは、35%の樹脂含有量を有した。
開口構造化シートをなしとし、それ以外は例3により比較プリプレグを作製した。該プリプレグは35%の樹脂含有量を有した。
混合中に、Arkemaから入手できる10%Orgasol 1002 DNAT1粒子(20ミクロンのPA6)を添加することによって改質されたM56樹脂を製造した。この改質されたM56樹脂からプリプレグを、39gsmのフィルムを145gsmのUD IM7−12K繊維のどちらかの側に張り付けること、及び圧密ローラーを通過させてプリプレグを形成することによって作製した。生じたプリプレグは、35%の樹脂含有量を有した。
混合中に、Chemopharma(チェコスロバキア共和国)から入手できる10%Micropan777粒子(7ミクロンのPA6)を添加することによって改質されたM56樹脂を製造した。145gsmのIM7−12K繊維を用い、例5と同様の方式で、樹脂含有量が35%のプリプレグを作製した。
プリプレグA〜Fを使用して、大きさが400×400mmの32プライ擬似等方性積層体を製造した。プライは、4プライ毎にデバルク(debulk)した。積層体を、空気循環オーブン内の真空バッグ中で、次の硬化サイクルにより硬化した。
1℃/分の傾斜で110℃まで
110℃で60分間保持
1℃/分の傾斜で180℃まで
180℃で120分間保持。
積層体の厚み及び硬化したプライの厚みを下表1に示す。AとBとを、及びCとDとを比較すると、構造化熱可塑性物質を使用することは、真空圧のみで硬化した場合でさえ、積層体の厚みを増大させないことがわかる。
積層体A〜Fを、試験法AITM1.0010(EN6038)に従って、衝撃後圧縮強度(CAI)について試験した。本発明による積層体(A及びC)は、開口構造化シートなしの積層体(B及びD)に比較して有意に向上したCAI強度を有することがわかった。積層体E及びFと同一のIM7−12K繊維を使用している積層体Aは、有意により高いCAI値を有する。このことは、オートクレーブを使用しないで硬化する場合に、熱可塑性粒子の代わりに本発明による構造化熱可塑性ポリマー層を使用することの利点を立証している。
材料C及びDに関するその他の複合体特性を、下表により試験した。結果は、ベールがこれらのその他の特性に対していかなる有害効果も有さないことを立証している。
本発明に包含されうる諸態様は、以下のとおり要約される。
[1].
複数の繊維層及び未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む未硬化積層体を作製するのに使用するためのプリプレグであって、
前記繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され、
前記プリプレグが、
繊維層と、
構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの少なくとも1つの層であって、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーは、前記熱硬化性樹脂に不溶性であり、且つ0.5〜50ミクロンの厚み及び平方メートル当たり1〜20グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有する層と、
未硬化熱硬化性樹脂とを含む、プリプレグ。
[2].
構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの層が、前記繊維層の両側に配置される、上記[1]項に記載のプリプレグ。
[3].
前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、熱可塑性ポリマー繊維の不織ベールの形態である、上記[1]項に記載のプリプレグ。
[4].
前記未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、少なくとも1種のエポキシ樹脂及び熱可塑性強靭化剤を含む、上記[1]項に記載のプリプレグ。
[5].
前記熱可塑性強靭化剤が、ポリエーテルスルホン及びポリエーテルイミドからなる群から選択される、上記[4]項に記載のプリプレグ。
[6].
前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、ポリアミドを含む、上記[5]項に記載のプリプレグ。
[7].
複数の繊維層であって、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離されている複数の繊維層と、
前記インターリーフ帯内に配置された構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの少なくとも1つの層であって、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーは、前記熱硬化性樹脂に不溶性であり、且つ0.5〜50ミクロンの厚み及び平方メートル当たり1〜20グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有する層と、
未硬化熱硬化性樹脂とを含む、未硬化積層体。
[8].
構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの2つの層が、単一のインターリーフ帯内に配置されている、上記[7]項に記載の未硬化積層体。
[9].
上記[7]項に記載の未硬化積層体を硬化することによって形成された複合部品。
[10].
上記[9]項に記載の複合部品を含む航空宇宙用輸送手段。
[11].
複数の繊維層及び未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む積層体の作製方法であって、
前記繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され、
前記方法が、構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの少なくとも1つの層を少なくとも1つの前記インターリーフ帯内に配置するステップを含み、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、前記熱硬化性樹脂に不溶性であり且つ0.5〜50ミクロンの厚み及び平方メートル当たり1〜20グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有する、上記作製方法。
[12].
前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、熱可塑性ポリマー繊維の不織ベールの形態である、上記[11]項に記載の積層体の作製方法。
[13].
前記未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、少なくとも1種のエポキシ樹脂及び熱可塑性強靭化剤を含む、上記[11]項に記載の積層体の作製方法。
[14].
前記熱可塑性強靭化剤が、ポリエーテルスルホン及びポリエーテルイミドからなる群から選択される、上記[13]項に記載の積層体の作製方法。
[15].
前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、ポリアミドを含む、上記[14]項に記載の積層体の作製方法。
[16].
上記[7]項に記載の未硬化積層体を硬化するステップを含む、硬化積層体の作製方法。
[17].
前記硬化ステップ中に、約1気圧以下の圧力が、前記未硬化積層体に印加される、上記[16]項に記載の硬化積層体の作製方法。
[18].
繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され且つ熱可塑性ポリマーの不溶性粒子が、硬化される際の損傷に対する積層体の抵抗性を増強するために前記インターリーフ帯内に配置されている、複数の繊維層及び未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む積層体の作製方法において、
改善が、前記インターリーフ帯中の熱可塑性ポリマーの前記不溶性粒子のかなりの部分を構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの少なくとも1つの層で置き換えること、並びに、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、前記熱硬化性樹脂に不溶性であり且つ0.5〜50ミクロンの厚み及び平方メートル当たり1〜20グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有することを含む、上記作製方法。
[19].
前記未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、少なくとも1種のエポキシ樹脂及び熱可塑性強靭化剤を含む、上記[18]項に記載の積層体の改善された作製方法。
[20].
繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され且つ熱可塑性ポリマーの不溶性粒子が、硬化される際の損傷に対する積層体の抵抗性を増強するために前記インターリーフ帯内に配置されている、複数の繊維層及び未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む積層体において、
改善が、前記インターリーフ帯中の熱可塑性ポリマーの前記不溶性粒子のかなりの部分が構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの少なくとも1つの層で置き換えられていること、並びに、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性樹脂に不溶性であり且つ0.5〜50ミクロンの厚み及び平方メートル当たり1〜20グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有することを含む、上記積層体。
[21].
前記未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、少なくとも1種のエポキシ樹脂及び熱可塑性強靭化剤を含む、上記[20]項に記載の改善された積層体。
Claims (11)
- 複数の繊維層及び未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む未硬化積層体を作製するのに使用するためのプリプレグであって、
前記繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され、前記未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、室温より高められた温度であって80℃以上200℃以下の温度で硬化性であり、
前記プリプレグが、
一方向性繊維からなる繊維層であって、第一の側面及び第二の側面を有する繊維層と、
室温より高められた温度で硬化性である未硬化熱硬化性樹脂であって、エポキシ樹脂、このエポキシ樹脂のための硬化剤、及び、エポキシ樹脂に溶解した熱可塑性強靭化剤を含み、この熱可塑性強靭化剤が、ポリエーテルスルホン及びポリエーテルイミドからなる群から選択され、この未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、前記繊維層の第二の側面にて前記プリプレグの表面上に樹脂に富む領域を形成している、未硬化熱硬化性樹脂と、
構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層であって、前記繊維層の第一の側面にのみ配置され、平方メートル当たり2〜10グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有するポリアミド又はコポリアミド繊維のベールを含む、構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層と
を含む、プリプレグ。 - 前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、ポリアミドを含む、請求項1に記載のプリプレグ。
- 一方向性繊維からなる複数の繊維層であって、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離されている複数の繊維層と、
室温より高められた温度であって80℃以上200℃以下の温度で硬化性である未硬化熱硬化性樹脂であって、エポキシ樹脂、このエポキシ樹脂のための硬化剤、及び、エポキシ樹脂に溶解した熱可塑性強靭化剤を含み、この熱可塑性強靭化剤が、ポリエーテルスルホン及びポリエーテルイミドからなる群から選択される、未硬化熱硬化性樹脂と、
前記インターリーフ帯内に配置された構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層であって、平方メートル当たり2〜10グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有するポリアミド又はコポリアミド繊維のベールを含む、構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層と
を含む、未硬化積層体。 - 請求項3に記載の未硬化積層体を硬化することによって形成された複合部品。
- 請求項4に記載の複合部品を含む航空宇宙用輸送手段。
- 一方向性繊維からなる複数の繊維層及び未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む積層体の作製方法であって、
前記繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され、
前記未硬化熱硬化性樹脂が、室温より高められた温度であって80℃以上200℃以下の温度で硬化性であり、エポキシ樹脂、このエポキシ樹脂のための硬化剤、及び、エポキシ樹脂に溶解した熱可塑性強靭化剤を含み、この熱可塑性強靭化剤が、ポリエーテルスルホン及びポリエーテルイミドからなる群から選択され、
前記方法が、構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層を少なくとも1つの前記インターリーフ帯内に配置するステップを含み、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層が、平方メートル当たり2〜10グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有するポリアミド又はコポリアミド繊維のベールを含む、上記作製方法。 - 前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーが、ポリアミドを含む、請求項6に記載の積層体の作製方法。
- 請求項3に記載の未硬化積層体を硬化するステップを含む、硬化積層体の作製方法。
- 前記硬化ステップ中に、1気圧以下の圧力が、前記未硬化積層体に印加される、請求項8に記載の硬化積層体の作製方法。
- 一方向性繊維からなる繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され、且つ熱可塑性ポリマーの不溶性粒子が、硬化される際の損傷に対する積層体の抵抗性を増強するために前記インターリーフ帯内に配置されている、複数の繊維層及び室温より高められた温度であって80℃以上200℃以下の温度で硬化性である未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む積層体の作製方法において、
改善が、前記インターリーフ帯中の熱可塑性ポリマーの前記不溶性粒子の50重量%以上を構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層で置き換えることを含み、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層が、平方メートル当たり2〜10グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有するポリアミド又はコポリアミド繊維のベールを含む、上記作製方法。 - 一方向性繊維からなる繊維層が、隣接繊維層間に配置されたインターリーフ帯によって隔離され、且つ熱可塑性ポリマーの不溶性粒子が、硬化される際の損傷に対する積層体の抵抗性を増強するために前記インターリーフ帯内に配置されている、複数の繊維層及び室温より高められた温度であって80℃以上200℃以下の温度で硬化性である未硬化熱硬化性樹脂を含む積層体において、
改善が、前記インターリーフ帯中の熱可塑性ポリマーの前記不溶性粒子の50重量%以上が構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層で置き換えられていることを含み、前記構造化熱可塑性ポリマーの1つの層が、平方メートル当たり2〜10グラムの単位面積当たり重量を有するポリアミド又はコポリアミド繊維のベールを含む、上記積層体。
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