JP5926524B2 - 金属の回収または除去方法、および、脂質の生産方法 - Google Patents
金属の回収または除去方法、および、脂質の生産方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/64—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C12P7/6436—Fatty acid esters
- C12P7/6445—Glycerides
- C12P7/6463—Glycerides obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
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- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Description
[試験方法]
シアニディウム目の紅藻を溶液中で培養し、溶液に含まれる金属イオンを紅藻に吸収させて除去する試験を行った。本試験に用いる紅藻を調製するための前培養は、下記溶液にグルコースを添加し、好気条件かつ暗条件で培養した。本試験では、シアニディウム目の紅藻をガルディエリア属のGaldieria sulphurariaとし、溶液は硫酸アンモニウム((NH4)2SO4)を主成分とし、pH2.5である強酸性溶液とした。溶液の組成は以下の通りである。
溶液の組成:(NH4)2SO4:2.62g/l、KH2PO4:0.54g/l、MgSO4・7H2O:0.5g/l、CaCl2・2H2O:0.14g/l、FeCl3・6H2O:0.0008g/l、Arnon’s A6 metals:1ml/l
表1に示す結果から、試験No.1−1〜1−5では細胞濃度を106〜1010個/mlの範囲内で調整し、そのうちで、細胞濃度を109〜1010個/mlとした試験No.1−4および1−5で細胞画分の金属比率が良好であった。これらより、ランタノイドに属するDyを回収する場合、細胞濃度を109〜1010個/mlとするのが好ましいことが確認できた。
[試験方法]
本試験では、「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」で示した組成の溶液(Cl濃度:0.95mM)に、ディスプロシウム(Dy)、ネオジム(Nd)およびランタン(La)をその濃度がいずれも100ppmとなるように添加した。この溶液にガルディエリア属の紅藻であるGaldieria sulphurariaを細胞濃度が108〜1010個/mlとなるように加えて、24時間に亘って培養した。
表2に示す結果から、試験No.2−1〜2−4のうちで試験No.2−4でのみ、分離した紅藻の細胞が赤色に染色された。比較のため、金属イオンを含まない溶液で培養した紅藻の細胞にアリザリンレッドSにて染色を確認したところ、染色は認められなかった。また、試験No.2−4で培養した紅藻を金属キレート剤であるエチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)で洗浄した後、アリザリンレッドSにて染色を確認したところ、染色は認められなかった。これらから、溶液で紅藻を培養することにより、溶液に含まれるランタノイドのイオンが紅藻の細胞に吸収されることが確認できた。
[試験方法]
本試験の試験No.3−1〜3−6では、「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」で示した組成の溶液に、金(Au)をその濃度が350ppmとなるように塩化金(III)を添加し、この溶液にガルディエリア属の紅藻であるGaldieria sulphurariaを細胞濃度が108個/mlとなるように加えて、24時間に亘って培養した。試験No.3−7および3−8では、金の濃度を10ppmとし、紅藻をシアニディオシゾン属の紅藻であるCyanidioschyzon merolaeとした。
表3に示す結果から、いずれの試験でも回収率が80%を超えていることから、金が紅藻に吸収され回収できた。特に試験No.3−1、3−3〜3−8では、紅藻の細胞が変色していることから、細胞表層に金粒子が吸収されていることが確認できた。
[試験方法]
本試験では、「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」で示した組成の溶液50mlに、粒状かつ非水溶性のDyおよびNdの二酸化物(Dy:14.7質量%およびNd:85.3質量%を含有)を50mg加え、この溶液にガルディエリア属の紅藻であるGaldieria sulphurariaを細胞濃度が109〜1010個/mlとなるように加えて、10日間に亘って培養した。
[試験方法]
本試験では、「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」で示した組成の溶液50mlに、粒状かつ非水溶性のネオジム磁石廃材を50mg加え、この溶液にガルディエリア属の紅藻であるGaldieria sulphurariaを細胞濃度が109〜1010個/mlとなるように加えて、4日間に亘って培養した。ネオジム磁石廃材の主要組成は以下の通りである。
ネオジム磁石廃材の主要組成:Nd:19.91質量%、Dy:4.41質量%およびFe:53.87質量%を含有
本試験では、最初に「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」の本発明例2で培養したシアニディウム目の紅藻を採取し、ナイルレッド試薬(Nile red試薬)で紅藻の細胞を染色した。その結果、紅藻の細胞の複数箇所が斑点状に蛍光黄色に染色し、すなわち、TAGを含む脂肪滴が観察された。次に、TLC分析(薄層クロマトグラフィー分析)により、紅藻の脂質について組成を調査した。
本試験では、最初に「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」の本発明例2で培養したシアニディウム目の紅藻を採取し、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより、紅藻のアルコール類について組成を調査した。
本試験では、最初に、「1.細胞濃度、Cl濃度および酢酸添加試験」の本発明例2で培養したシアニディウム目の紅藻を採取し、この紅藻を金属キレート剤であるエチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)で洗浄した。洗浄した紅藻を、酢酸エチル溶液と混合した後で分離することにより、酢酸エチル画分に色素を回収した。色素を回収した酢酸エチル画分を濃縮乾固した後、メタノール可溶画分をHPLCにより分離した。HPLCの分離条件は、ODSカラムで、アセトニトリル(10−60%のグラディエント、流速1ml/分)とした。
Claims (7)
- シアニディウム目の紅藻をその細胞濃度を106〜1010個/mlの範囲内で調整した溶液中で培養し、前記溶液に含まれる金属イオンを前記紅藻に吸収させて回収する金属の回収方法であって、
前記紅藻を溶液中で培養する際に、培養条件を調整し、前記金属イオンを前記紅藻に選択的に吸収させて回収することを特徴とする金属の回収方法。 - 前記紅藻を溶液中で培養する際に、Cl濃度の5mM未満への調整および/または酢酸の添加を行った溶液を用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属の回収方法。
- 前記溶液に含まれる金属イオンの一部または全部が、溶液に固体として含まれる金属から溶出した金属イオンであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の金属の回収方法。
- 金属回収に用いた前記紅藻からトリアシルグリセロール、脂肪酸メチルエステルおよびアルコール類のうちのいずれか1種以上を得ることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の金属の回収方法。
- 金属回収に用いた前記紅藻から、紫外可視吸収スペクトルを行った際に210nm、249nm、393nm、495nm、528nm、565nmおよび663nmに吸収極大を示す色素を得ることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の金属の回収方法。
- シアニディウム目の紅藻をその細胞濃度を106〜1010個/mlの範囲内で調整した溶液中で培養し、前記溶液に含まれる金属イオンを前記紅藻に吸収させて除去する金属の除去方法であって、
前記紅藻を溶液中で培養する際に、培養条件を調整し、前記金属イオンを前記紅藻に選択的に吸収させて除去することを特徴とする金属の除去方法。 - シアニディウム目の紅藻をその細胞濃度を106〜1010個/mlの範囲内で調整した溶液中で培養し、培養した紅藻からトリアシルグリセロール、脂肪酸メチルエステルおよびアルコール類のうちのいずれか1種以上を得ることを特徴とする脂質の生産方法。
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