JP5905568B2 - 引裂抵抗性フィルムを備えた吸収性物品 - Google Patents
引裂抵抗性フィルムを備えた吸収性物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5905568B2 JP5905568B2 JP2014261366A JP2014261366A JP5905568B2 JP 5905568 B2 JP5905568 B2 JP 5905568B2 JP 2014261366 A JP2014261366 A JP 2014261366A JP 2014261366 A JP2014261366 A JP 2014261366A JP 5905568 B2 JP5905568 B2 JP 5905568B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- absorbent article
- disposable absorbent
- ear
- laminate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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Landscapes
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Description
「吸収性物品」とは、身体滲出液を吸収及び収容するデバイスを意味し、より具体的には、着用者の身体に接触して、又は近接して配置され、身体から排泄された様々な排出物を吸収及び収容するデバイスを意味する。代表的な吸収性物品としては、おむつ、トレーニングパンツ、プルオンパンツ型おむつ(すなわち、米国特許第6,120,487号に示されているような予備形成腰部開口部及び脚部開口部を有するおむつ)、再締結可能おむつ、あるいは、パンツ型おむつ、失禁用ブリーフ及び下着、おむつホルダー及びライナー、パンティーライナーなどの女性用生理衣類、吸収性挿入物などが挙げられる。
可塑的延伸性材料に接合された弾性材料を含むラミネートの活性化によって、典型的には、可塑性材料が恒久的に変形する結果となり、その一方で弾性材料はその当初の寸法に実質的に戻る。「活性化」及びその変形は、材料を活性化プロセスに供することを意味する。
多くの弾性ポリマーを、弾性フィルムを作製するのに使用することができる。弾性ポリマーの非限定的な例としては、ホモポリマー、ブロックコポリマー、ランダムコポリマー、交互コポリマー、グラフトコポリマーなどが挙げられる。裂け目の広がりに対して抵抗性を示すフィルムに使用するのに特に好適なポリマーは、ブロックコポリマーであり、このブロックコポリマーは、典型的には、各々がポリマーの特性に寄与する個別の繰り返し単位のブロック(又はセグメント)から作製されている。ブロックコポリマーが有用であると認識される理由の1つは、コポリマーのブロックが、互いに共有結合し、優れた延伸性を提供するゴムドメインと、機械的な一体性(例えば、優れた機械的強度及び不必要な応力緩和又は流れの回避)を提供するガラス状末端ブロックドメインとともにミクロ相分離構造を形成するからである。本明細書に用いるのに好適なブロックコポリマーは、弾性特性及び熱可塑性特性の両方を示し得る。例えば、末端ブロックは、最終用途中に実施される温度(例えば、20〜40℃)で強健で剛性である機械的特性を示すドメインを形成し、ポリマー全体に剛性及び強度を加えることができる。かかる末端ブロックは、「硬ブロック」といわれることもある。中間ブロックは、エラストマーと関連する比較的大きな変性に適応し、材料が歪む(すなわち、伸張する又は延出する)際の反発力を提供し得る。かかる中間ブロックは、「軟ブロック」又は「ゴム状ブロック」といわれることもある。本明細書に用いるのに好適なブロックコポリマーは、少なくとも1つの硬ブロック(A)及び少なくとも1つの軟ブロック(B)を含む。ブロックコポリマーは、多元ブロックを有してもよい。特定の実施形態では、ブロックコポリマーは、A−B−A三元ブロックコポリマー、A−B−A−B四元ブロックコポリマー、又はA−B−A−B−A五元ブロックコポリマーであってよい。他の好適なコポリマーは、末端ブロックA及びA’を有する三元ブロックコポリマーを含み、ここで、A及びA’は、異なる化合物から得られる。
特定の実施形態では、1つ以上の硬ブロック及び/又は1つ以上の軟ブロックを有して、それぞれの硬ブロックが同一又は異なるモノマーから誘導されてもよく、またそれぞれの軟ブロックが同一又は異なるモノマーから誘導されてもよい、ブロックコポリマーである。
最少限の引裂抵抗性を呈するか、又は引裂抵抗性を呈さないフィルムを形成する、従来の弾性フィルム(例えば、Vector 4211(Dexco Polymers L.P.,Houston,TX)などの既知のエラストマーから形成されるフィルム)とは異なり、本明細書で開示される弾性フィルムは、フィルムに好適な引裂抵抗性を付与する少なくとも1つの弾性ポリマーを有効量で含む。かかる抵抗性は、フィルムにおいて、裂け目に限定されるものではなく、スリット、孔、開口部、穴、及び/又は任意の他の不連続部分に対するものであると認識される。低速引裂試験は、「Tear Resistant Film」という題目で、2011年2月14日にMansfieldに出願された、同時係属中の米国特許出願第13/026,533号(更に、代理人整理番号第11993 P&Gで識別される)に記載されており、裂け目、穴、孔、又は他の不連続部の増大に対するフィルムの抵抗性を定量化するのに好適な方法が提供されている。本明細書で開示されるフィルムにおける好適な破損時間値は、低速引裂試験により測定した際に、1時間超、2時間超、4時間超、6時間超、10時間超、15時間超、又は更には最大24時間以上であって、例えば、最大30時間、最大36時間、最大40時間、最大44時間、最大48時間、又は更には最大60時間である。理論的に言えば、フィルムは、裂け目の増大に無制限に抵抗することができる。本発明のフィルムは、本明細書で記載されるように、裂け目の増大に好適な抵抗性を提供するのが望ましい、比較的高い量の機械的応力の急激な付加に対する抵抗性を示すのも望ましい。例えば、本発明のフィルムは、「Tear Resistant Film」という題目の上述の同時係属出願に記載されている高速引張試験により測定する際、10〜25MPa、15〜20MPa、16〜19MPa、又は更には17〜18MPaの高速引張強度を有し得る。「Tear Resistant Film」という題目の上述の同時係属出願に記載されている切り欠き高速引張強度試験により測定する際、10〜約20MPa、14〜19MPa、又は更には15〜18MPaの切り欠き高速引張強度を呈するフィルムを提供するのが望ましい。理論によって制限されることなく、フィルム中の好適な高速引張強度及び/又は切り欠き引張強度は、比較的高速率の望ましくない機械的応力に関するフィルム破損に対して少なくとも幾分かの抵抗性を提供するのに重要であり得る。
特定の実施形態では、例えば、1つのフィルム層が2つの不織布層に挟まれている3層ラミネート(例えば、SMS不織布層で挟まれるフィルム層)のようなラミネートにフィルムを組み込むことが望ましい。所望であれば任意数のフィルム及び/又は不織布層を含むようにラミネートを構成し得ることが認識される。本明細書のラミネートは、「Tear Resistant Laminate」という題目で、2011年2月14日にMansfieldによって出願された同時係属中の米国特許出願第13/026,563号(更に、P&G代理人整理番号第11994で識別される)に記載のラミネート一体化試験により試験される際、2時間超、5時間超、10時間超、20時間超、30時間超、又は更には50時間超であるが、典型的には100時間未満のラミネート一体化時間を有し得る。理論的に言えば、本明細書に記載される引裂抵抗性ラミネートは、穴、裂け目、又は孔の増大に無制限に抵抗することができる。ラミネート構造の好適な例は、上記の同時継続出願である、題目「Tear Resistant Laminate」及び「Stretch Laminate,Method of Making and Absorbent Article」という題目で、2006年4月24日にMansfieldにより出願された米国特許出願第2007/0249254号で開示されている。
特定の実施形態では、フィルム及び/又はラミネートは、物品(例えば、おむつ又はトレーニングパンツ)に組み込まれてよく、物品が目的とする所定の時間(例えば、着用者が眠っている夜間)機能するのが特に重要である。したがって、好適なラミネート一体化時間及び破損時間は、ラミネート又はフィルムを含む物品又は物品要素が使用中に壊滅的に破損する可能性が低いことを示す上で重要である。
他の好適なバックシート26材料は、滲出物がバックシート26を通過するのを防ぎつつ、おむつ20から蒸気を逃すことができる通気性材料を含み得る。かかる通気性複合材料は、国際公開第95/16746号及び米国特許第5,865,823号により詳しく記載されている。不織布及び孔形成フィルムを含む他の通気性バックシートは、米国特許第5,571,096号に記載されている。代表的な好適なバックシートは、米国特許第6,107,537号に記載されている。他の好適な材料及び/又は製造技術には、限定はされないが、表面処理、特定のフィルムの選択及び加工、特定のフィラメントの選択及び加工などが挙げられ、好適なバックシート26を提供するために使用され得る。
内層26b又はその一部は、本明細書で開示される弾性のある引裂抵抗性フィルムなどの実質的に水不透過性のフィルムから作製され得る。特定の実施形態では、内層26bの腰部領域36及び38は、引裂抵抗性の弾性フィルム材料を含み得るが、内層26bの股領域37はフィルム又は異なるフィルムを含まない。外部カバー26a内層26bは、接着剤又は他の任意の好適な材料又は方法で接合され得る。加えて、外部カバー26a及び/又は内層26bは、例えば、ラミネート構造体などにおいて、各々が、1つを超える材料層を含んでもよい。
本明細書の試験方法における周囲条件は、他に指定がなければ、23℃±2℃の温度を含む。場合によっては、試験されるフィルム試料は、フィルム材料と接合される1つ以上他の材料の層を含んでいてもよい(例えば、市販の物品から採った試料など)。このような場合、フィルムが損傷するのを避けるために、他の材料の層からフィルムを注意深く分離する。他の材料からフィルムを分離した結果、フィルムが損傷を受けた場合(すなわち、破断、切断、穿孔など)、試料を破棄し、損傷を受けていない他のものを使用する。
INDA標準試験WSP 130.1(09)により、各フィルムの秤量を測定する。
全ての条件及び試験を23±2℃及び50±5%の相対湿度の雰囲気において行う。
フィルムの有効厚み平均を、以下の平均秤量から算出する。
有効厚み平均=平均秤量/密度
単位:
厚み:マイクロメートル(μm)
秤量:gsm
密度=0.92グラム毎cm3(g/cc)
有効数字3桁で、マイクロメートル(μm)で結果を記録する。
以下の条件ASTM D882−02により、線接触グリップ及び、負荷−保持−非負荷の順序で、例外及び/又は以下の条件に沿って、ヒステリシス試験を実行する。図3に、ヒステリシス試験中によって生じるL200値(すなわち、負荷中の200%歪みにおける工学歪み)とUL50値(すなわち、非負荷中の50%歪みにおける工学歪み)を含む、応力−歪み曲線の一部分を示したものである。負荷−非負荷のサイクルを1回実行する。
・試料幅:25.4mm
・標点距離:25.4mm
・試験速度:4.233mm/秒
・温度:22〜24℃
・付加変位:50.8mm(200%工学歪み)
・付加変位における保持時間:30秒
・グリップの設計が、ASTM D882−02の6.1項で指定される50mmを超える長さの試料に適合しない場合、グリップの他の部分に影響させずに適度な標点距離を保持できる長さに試料を調製する。このような場合、試料が適切な整列、保持、標点定義をして実装されているかに注意を払うべきである。
以下を記録する:
・負荷セグメント中(L200)の200%工学歪みにおける工学応力
・非負荷セグメント中(UL50)の50%工学歪みにおける工学応力
・非負荷中に、試料が弛緩した(Ls)際の工学応力
ポリマーの融解温度(Tm)を測定するためにDSC試験を用いる。図4に示される時間−温度プロファイルを測定に使用することを除いては、Tmは、ASTM D3418−08によるDSC測定により測定される(Tmは、ASTM法ではTmpとされることに注意)。20℃/分の加熱速度で較正を実行する。図4に示されるように、温度プロファイルは、30〜42分の時間でのプロファイルにおいて非直線部分401を含み得る。
非直線部分401は、装置の冷却能力に限界があることを示すものである。公称冷却速度からのこの偏位は、観測された融解曲線にあまり影響を与えないかもしれないが、本明細書の全てのDSCデータにおいて同様のプロファイルが生じている。
規定の圧力低下を受ける試料を通る通常の調整空気の流速を測定することで、基材(例えば、フィルム、ラミネート、又は物品の構成部品)の空気透過性を測定する。この試験は、不織布、有孔フィルム等、比較的高い空気透過性を有する材料に特に適している。以下のように変更して、ASTM D737を用いた。
TEXTEST FX 3300空気透過性テスターマニュアルの操作説明にある、気密性試験及び機能及び較正チェックにおいて記載されている手順を行う。異なる器具を使用する場合、製造業者の説明書により、気密性及び較正に関する同様の規定に従う。
Claims (9)
- 裂け目の増大に抵抗する弾性フィルム材料を含む使い捨て吸収性物品であって、前記弾性フィルム材料がSEEPSブロックコポリマーを含み、前記SEEPSブロックコポリマーが、イソプレン及びブタジエンの水素添加コポリマーのゴム状中間ブロックを含み、前記弾性フィルム材料は、本願明細書に記載のヒステリシス試験による200%歪みでの負荷工学応力が0.8〜2MPaであり、50%歪みでの非負荷工学応力が0.3〜0.8MPaである、使い捨て吸収性物品。
- 前記弾性フィルムが、トップシート、バックシート、外部カバー、カフ、サイドパネル、耳部、留め具、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される使い捨て吸収性物品の構成部品に組み込まれる、請求項1に記載の使い捨て吸収性物品。
- 前記構成部品が通気性である、請求項2に記載の使い捨て吸収性物品。
- 前記中間ブロック中の90%を超えるイソプレン及びブタジエンが水素添加される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の使い捨て吸収性物品。
- 前記弾性フィルムが、ラミネートを形成するために1つ以上の不織布層に接合される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の使い捨て物品。
- 前記使い捨て吸収性物品が、着用者の下部胴体周りに装着するためのものであり、前記吸収性物品が、以下、
トップシートと、バックシートと、それらの間に配置される吸収性コアと、第1長手方向側縁部と、それに対向する第2長手方向側縁部と、前側腰部領域と、それに対向する後側腰部領域と、
前記後側腰部領域の前記第1長手方向側縁部から外側に向かって延伸し、前記トップシート、前記バックシート及び前記吸収性コアのうちの少なくとも1つと接合する第1耳部と、
前記後側腰部領域の前記第2長手方向側縁部から外側に向かって延伸し、前記トップシート、前記バックシート及び前記吸収性コアの少なくとも1つと接合する第2耳部と、
を含み、
前記第1耳部及び前記第2耳部のうちの少なくとも1つが前記ラミネートを含む、請求項5に記載の使い捨て吸収性物品。 - 前記第1耳部及び前記第2耳部のうちの少なくとも1つが通気性である、請求項6に記載の使い捨て吸収性物品。
- 前記使い捨て吸収性物品が、事前に締着されているパンツである、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の使い捨て吸収性物品。
- 湿り度インジケーターを更に含む、請求項8に記載のパンツ。
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CN104939979B (zh) | 2019-05-10 |
CA2817253C (en) | 2016-09-27 |
US8618350B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
MX2013005280A (es) | 2013-06-03 |
SG190107A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 |
US20150173960A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
US20120209230A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
JP2015091357A (ja) | 2015-05-14 |
CN103200916B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
BR112013011431A2 (pt) | 2016-08-02 |
CL2013001273A1 (es) | 2013-10-11 |
JP2013542047A (ja) | 2013-11-21 |
WO2012112501A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
RU2013120421A (ru) | 2015-03-27 |
GB2502439B (en) | 2018-10-17 |
JP5676775B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
CN104939979A (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
DE112012000237T5 (de) | 2013-09-05 |
US9962296B2 (en) | 2018-05-08 |
ZA201303347B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
EP2675415A1 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
US9000253B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
CN103200916A (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
US20140081228A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
GB201308267D0 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
GB2502439A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
CA2817253A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
RU2579347C2 (ru) | 2016-04-10 |
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