JP5905460B2 - 抗がんアデノウイルス - Google Patents
抗がんアデノウイルス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5905460B2 JP5905460B2 JP2013524945A JP2013524945A JP5905460B2 JP 5905460 B2 JP5905460 B2 JP 5905460B2 JP 2013524945 A JP2013524945 A JP 2013524945A JP 2013524945 A JP2013524945 A JP 2013524945A JP 5905460 B2 JP5905460 B2 JP 5905460B2
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Description
本願は、2010年8月16日に出願された米国仮出願第61/374,215号の利益を主張する。米国仮出願第61/374,215号は、その全体が、全ての目的のために、本明細書中に参考として援用される。
連邦政府の後援による研究または開発の下でなされた発明に対する権利に関する記載
本発明は、国立衛生研究所(National Institutes of Health)に認定されたCA137094の下で政府支援によりなされた。政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有する。
異なるヒト組織に感染する52種のヒトアデノウイルス、および魚類から霊長類までにわたる他の種に感染する数百のアデノウイルスが存在する。これらのウイルスは、感染後1時間以内にそれらのゲノムのペイロードを核に送達する非常に効率的なナノマシンである。DNAウイルスと同様に、これらは宿主DNA内には組み込まれず、確立されたGMPプロトコールを使用して高力価に産生させることができ、また、異所性遺伝子を発現させることに関して、研究およびヒト遺伝子治療への適用において安全性が実証されている。しかし、現在まで、これらの潜在的な適用は、ほぼ1つの変種、Ad5またはAd2/5キメラのみが用いられていること、および急速かつ系統的に複数の遺伝子改変を工学的に作り出し、組み合わせることができないことによって妨げられてきた。したがって、アデノウイルスベクターのレパートリーをAd2/5のそれを越えて広げる必要性および構成要素の部分から新規のアデノウイルスゲノムを急速に新規に構築することを容易にする科学技術的なプラットフォームを開発し、複数の改変および異種性エレメントの系統的な組み入れを可能にする必要性が高い。そのような系は、36遺伝子(スプライスバリアントを含めず)の送達および発現の両方において非常に効率的な天然のウイルスの構築様式(architecture)を利用する。この系により、異なる腫瘍試料において調節解除された経路活性の複合的かつ定量的な測定を組み入れる有力な診断薬および治療薬がもたらされ得る。
特定の実施形態では、例えば以下が提供される:
(項目1)
p53により複製が障害される、かつE4−ORF3が障害されたアデノウイルス。
(項目2)
単離されている、項目1に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目3)
組換え体である、項目1に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目4)
変異したE4−ORF3遺伝子を含む、項目1に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目5)
前記E4−ORF3遺伝子またはその機能部分が欠失している、項目4に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目6)
前記E4−ORF3が障害されたアデノウイルスはE1B−55kもまた障害されている、項目1に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目7)
変異したE1B−55k遺伝子を含む、項目6に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目8)
前記E1B−55k遺伝子またはその機能部分が欠失している、項目7に記載のアデノウイルス。
(項目9)
項目1に記載のE4−ORF3が障害されたアデノウイルスに感染した細胞。
(項目10)
がんを処置する方法であって、有効量の、項目1に記載のアデノウイルスを、それを必要とする被験体に投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目11)
前記がんがp53に関連するがんである、項目10に記載の方法。
(項目12)
前記がんが肺がん、皮膚がんまたは乳がんである、項目10に記載の方法
(項目13)
処置しようとするがんが前がん状態の乳がんである、項目10に記載の方法。
定義
「核酸」とは、デオキシリボヌクレオチドまたはリボヌクレオチドおよび一本鎖または二本鎖のいずれかの形態のそのポリマー、ならびにその相補物を指す。この用語は、公知のヌクレオチド類似体または修飾された骨格残基または結合(linkage)を含有する核酸、合成核酸、天然に存在する核酸、天然に存在しない核酸、参照核酸と同様の結合特性を有する核酸、および参照ヌクレオチドと同様に代謝される核酸を包含する。そのような類似体の例としては、限定することなく、ホスホロチオエート、ホスホロアミデート(phosphoramidate)、メチルホスホネート、キラル−メチルホスホネート、2−O−メチルリボヌクレオチド、ペプチド核酸(PNA)が挙げられる。
一態様では、改変アデノウイルスが提供される。上記改変アデノウイルスは、p53により複製が障害されるアデノウイルスであってよい。上記p53により複製が障害されるアデノウイルスは、p53発現細胞内に存在する場合には複製が障害され、p53が障害された細胞内に存在する場合には複製が障害されない。「複製が障害される」という用語は、本明細書で使用される場合、p53発現細胞内に存在する場合に、ウイルスの複製が、p53が障害された細胞におけるウイルスの複製と比較して減弱されていることを意味する。p53発現細胞は、正常な活性を有する正常なレベルのp53を発現する細胞である。
別の態様では、がんを処置する方法が提供される。当該方法は、有効量(例えば、治療有効用量または量の改変アデノウイルス(上記の通り)または上記改変アデノウイルスをコードする1種または複数種の核酸を、それを必要とする被験体に投与するステップを含む。
上記改変ウイルス(または上記改変アデノウイルスをコードする1種または複数種の核酸)を、静脈内投与、例えば、ボーラスとしてまたはある期間にわたる連続的な注入によって、筋肉内経路、腹腔内経路、脳脊髄内(intracerobrospinal)経路、皮下経路、関節内経路、滑液包経路、髄腔内(intrathecal)経路、経口経路、局所経路、腫瘍内経路または吸入経路による公知の方法に従ってヒト患者に投与する。その投与は局所的または全身的であってよい。
以下の実施例は、例示のために提供されるが、特許請求された発明を限定するものではない。
p53は、DNAウイルスタンパク質であるSV40ラージT抗原の細胞標的として最初に発見された。しかし、ほぼ30年のp53についての研究にもかかわらず、p53による活性化転写を決定する決定的な因子については、依然として完全には理解されていない。p53は、正常細胞において構成的に発現されており、その活性は高度に制御されたp53タンパク質分解により制限されていると考えられている。p53による活性化転写は、がん遺伝子およびDNA損傷シグナルに反応して誘発され、そのどちらもp53を安定化する。これにより、p53のレベルおよびリン酸化の誘導が、細胞のクロマチン内の標的プロモーターにおけるp53の転写活性と同義であるという一般的な考えが導かれる。それとして、p53レベルの誘導がp53の活性化についての読み取り値として用いられ、また、それが、放射線および遺伝子毒性薬、ヌトリンなどのMDM2アンタゴニスト、およびE1B−55k欠失腫瘍崩壊性アデノウイルス療法、ONYX−015を含めたいくつかのがん療法についての理論的根拠になっている。
Claims (4)
- がんを処置するための組成物であって、有効量の、組換えアデノウイルスを含み、該組換えアデノウイルスは、E1B−55kおよびE4−ORF3が障害されており、そして、該組換えアデノウイルスは、p53発現細胞内に存在する場合には複製が障害され、p53が障害された細胞内に存在する場合は複製が障害されない、組成物。
- 前記がんがp53に関連するがんである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記がんが肺がん、皮膚がんまたは乳がんである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 処置しようとするがんが前がん状態の乳がんである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
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WO2013138505A1 (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Salk Institute For Biological Studies | Selective cell targeting using adenovirus and chemical dimers |
AU2014236207B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2019-05-23 | Salk Institute For Biological Studies | Oncolytic adenovirus compositions |
AU2016333996B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2020-05-28 | Salk Institute For Biological Studies | Synthetic adenoviruses with tropism to damaged tissue for use in promoting wound repair and tissue regeneration |
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BR112013003579A2 (pt) | 2016-06-07 |
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