JP5840327B1 - 半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010265 fast atom bombardment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001036 glow-discharge mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002710 Au-Pd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002696 Ag-Au Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
(1)Ag含有量が90質量%以上である半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤであって、
ワイヤ中心を含みワイヤ長手方向に平行な断面(以下「ワイヤ中心断面」という。)において、長径aと短径bの比a/bが10以上であって面積が15μm2以上である結晶粒(以下「繊維状組織」という。)が存在せず、
前記ワイヤ中心断面におけるワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位を測定した結果、前記ワイヤ長手方向に対して角度差が15°以下である結晶方位<100>の存在比率が面積率で10%以上50%未満であり、
ワイヤ表面におけるワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位を測定した結果、前記ワイヤ長手方向に対して角度差が15°以下である結晶方位<100>の存在比率が面積率で70%以上であることを特徴とする半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(2)前記半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤは、Pd、Cu、Au、Zn、Pt、Ge、Sn、Ti、Niの1種以上を含み、Pd、Cu、Au、Znを含む場合はそれらの合計が0.01〜8質量%であり、Pt、Ge、Sn、Ti、Niを含む場合はそれらの合計が0.001〜1質量%であり、残部Ag及び不純物であることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(3)前記不純物に含まれるSが1質量ppm以下、Clが0.5質量ppm以下であることを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
(4)1回以上伸線加工を行う伸線工程を有し、伸線工程中に減面率が15.5〜30.5%である伸線加工を少なくとも1回有し、伸線工程の途中に1回以上の熱処理と伸線工程終了後に最終熱処理を行い、前記最終熱処理の直前の熱処理の温度が300℃以上600℃未満であり、前記最終熱処理の温度が600℃以上800℃以下であることを特徴とする上記(1)〜(3)のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤの製造方法。
ボンディングワイヤ中の含有成分(不純物以外)の濃度は、ICP分析、ICP質量分析等により測定した。ボンディングワイヤ中の不純物濃度は、GDMS(Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry)分析により測定した。GDMS分析とは、Ar雰囲気下で試料を陰極としてグロー放電を発生させ、プラズマ内で試料表面をスパッタし、イオン化された構成元素を質量分析計で測定する手法である。
ワイヤ中心を含みワイヤ長手方向に平行な断面(ワイヤ中心断面)及びワイヤ表面を観察面として、結晶組織の評価を行った。評価手法として、後方散乱電子線回折法(EBSD、Electron Backscattered Diffraction)を用いた。EBSD法は観察面の結晶方位を観察し、隣り合う測定点間での結晶方位の角度差を図示出来るという特徴を有し、ボンディングワイヤのような細線であっても、比較的簡便ながら精度よく結晶方位を観察できる。
評価用のリードフレームに、ループ長5mm、ループ高さ0.5mmで100本ボンディングした。評価方法として、チップ水平方向からワイヤ直立部を観察し、ボール接合部の中心を通る垂線とワイヤ直立部との間隔が最大であるときの間隔(リーニング間隔)で評価した。リーニング間隔がワイヤ径よりも小さい場合にはリーニングは良好、大きい場合には直立部が傾斜しているためリーニングは不良であると判断した。100本のボンディングしたワイヤを光学顕微鏡で観察し、リーニング不良の本数を数えた。不良が0本を◎、1〜5本を○、6本以上を×とした。
評価用のSiチップに、ループ長2.5mm、ループ高さ0.15mmで100本ボンディングした。スプリング特性の評価のために、電極上に形成されたスタッドパンプの上にボンディングワイヤのウェッジ接合を行う接続方法である逆ボンディングを行い、ボンディングワイヤが屈曲するスプリング不良を観察した。評価方法として、100本のボンディングしたワイヤを光学顕微鏡で観察し、スプリング不良の本数を数えた。不良が0本を◎、1〜3本を○、4〜5本を△、6本以上を×とした。
高湿加熱評価としてHAST試験を行った。ワイヤボンダーでボンディングを行った半導体装置について、温度130℃、湿度85%RH、5Vという環境下に放置し、48時間おきに取り出して評価した。評価方法として、電気抵抗を測定し、抵抗が上昇したものをNGとした。NGになるまでの時間が480時間以上を◎、384時間以上480時間未満のものを○、288時刊以上384時間未満のものを△、288時間未満のものを×とした。
1st接合のFAB形状を評価した。評価用のリードフレームに、ワイヤボンダーでFABを100個作製した。評価方法として、FABをSEM(電子顕微鏡)で100個観察し、真球状のものをOK、偏芯、引け巣をNGとし、その数をカウントした。NGが0個を◎、NGが1〜5個を○、6〜10個を△、11個以上を×とした。
1st接合のボール形状を評価した。評価用のSiチップに、ワイヤボンダーで100本ボンディングした。評価方法として、圧着ボール部を光学顕微鏡で100個観察し、真円に近いものをOK、花びら状になっているものをNGとし、その数をカウントした。NGが0個を◎、NGが1〜5個を○、6〜10個を△、11個以上を×とした。
Claims (4)
- Ag含有量が90質量%以上である半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤであって、ワイヤ中心を含みワイヤ長手方向に平行な断面であるワイヤ中心断面において、長径aと短径bの比a/bが10以上であって面積が15μm2以上である結晶粒が存在せず、前記ワイヤ中心断面におけるワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位を測定した結果、前記ワイヤ長手方向に対して角度差が15°以下である結晶方位<100>の存在比率が面積率で10%以上50%未満であり、ワイヤ表面におけるワイヤ長手方向の結晶方位を測定した結果、前記ワイヤ長手方向に対して角度差が15°以下である結晶方位<100>の存在比率が面積率で70%以上であることを特徴とする半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤは、Pd、Cu、Au、Zn、Pt、Ge、Sn、Ti、Niの1種以上を含み、Pd、Cu、Au、Znを含む場合はそれらの合計が0.01〜8質量%であり、Pt、Ge、Sn、Ti、Niを含む場合はそれらの合計が0.001〜1質量%であり、残部がAg及び不純物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 前記不純物に含まれるSが1質量ppm以下、Clが0.5質量ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤ。
- 1回以上の伸線加工を行う伸線工程を有し、前記伸線工程中に減面率が15.5〜30.5%である伸線加工を少なくとも1回有し、前記伸線工程の途中に1回以上の熱処理と伸線工程終了後に最終熱処理を行い、前記最終熱処理の直前の熱処理の温度が300℃以上600℃未満であり、前記最終熱処理の温度が600℃以上800℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置用ボンディングワイヤの製造方法。
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