JP5831828B2 - W/oエマルションの製造方法及び乳化物 - Google Patents
W/oエマルションの製造方法及び乳化物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5831828B2 JP5831828B2 JP2011051479A JP2011051479A JP5831828B2 JP 5831828 B2 JP5831828 B2 JP 5831828B2 JP 2011051479 A JP2011051479 A JP 2011051479A JP 2011051479 A JP2011051479 A JP 2011051479A JP 5831828 B2 JP5831828 B2 JP 5831828B2
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- 125000005208 trialkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/41—Emulsifying
- B01F23/4105—Methods of emulsifying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/715—Feeding the components in several steps, e.g. successive steps
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
内相が油相であり、外相が水相であり、前記閉鎖小胞体及び/又は前記粒子を含むO/Wエマルションが乳化物に占める量が20体積%以下である乳化物。
市販品のA−重油又は中鎖トリグリセリド(MCT)を乳化対象として用いた。また、両親媒性物質としては、親水性のナノ微粒子を形成するポリオキシエチレン硬化ひまし油の誘導体のうち、エチレンオキシド(EO)の平均付加モル数(E)が40である誘導体(以下、HCO−40という)を用い、これを、表1に示す比率で、水で分散させた分散液を水として使用した。油に対し、水を0.5g/秒の速度で、油と水の質量比が80:20(ただし、両親媒性物質は油に含める)になるように添加し、ホモジナイザーで20000rpm、5分間に亘り撹拌してエマルションを含む乳化物を調製した。
油、両親媒性物質の閉鎖小胞体又は水酸基を有する重縮合ポリマーの粒子として、表2に示すものを用い、乳化剤における水の量を表2に示すようにした点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で乳化物を調製し、乳化性能を評価した。なお、表2において「HCO−10」はエチレンオキシド(EO)の平均付加モル数(E)が10である誘導体であり、「2S10G」はジステアリン酸デカグリセリルである。
油及び両親媒性物質の閉鎖小胞体として、表3及び4に示すものを用いた点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で乳化物を調製し、乳化性能を評価した。なお、両親媒性物質の量は、いずれも2質量%とした。表3及び4において、流動パラフィン(軽)とは「ハイコールK−230」(カネダ社製)であり、流動パラフィン(重)とは流動パラフィン(和光純薬工業社製)である。また、評価結果のCとは、乳化状態が維持されるものの、乳化状態にある水粒子同士が凝集していることを指す(乳化状態が崩壊し、水粒子が合一する現象とは明確に異なる)。なお、表4において、「D−5S」はペンタステアリン酸デカグリセリルであり、「D−3O」はトリオレイン酸デカグリセリルであり、「D−5O」はペンタオレイン酸デカグリセリルであり、「Di−1S」はモノステアリン酸ジグリセリルであり、「S−1P」はモノパルミチン酸ソルビタンであり、「PR−15」はポリリシノレイン酸ヘキサグリセリルであり、「5IS10G」はペンタイソステアリン酸デカグリセリルであり、「SO−10」はモノオレイン酸ソルビタンであり、「SO−15」はセスキオレイン酸ソルビタンである。
油及び両親媒性物質の閉鎖小胞体又は水酸基を有する重縮合ポリマーの粒子として、表5に示すものを用いた点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で乳化物を調製し、乳化性能を評価した。また、油及び両親媒性物質の閉鎖小胞体として、表6に示すものを用い、水の添加速度を0.1g/秒とし、ディスパーサ又は家庭用ハンドミキサで10分間に亘って撹拌した点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で乳化物を調製し、乳化性能を評価した。表5において「3OG10」とはトリオレイン酸デカグリセリルであり、「パーム油」とはパーム硬化油及び菜種油の混合油であり、「再生重油」とは再生重油(使用済みの潤滑油に由来)に灯油を配合した油である。
両親媒性物質及び水の量を表7に示すようにし、水及び油を55℃に加熱した点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で乳化物を調製し、乳化性能を評価した。
油として、軽油(比誘電率(22℃)2.14)に対し、バイオディーゼル燃料(比誘電率(22℃)3.56;BDFという)を表8に示す質量比で添加したものを用い、水及び油の質量比を13(12質量%の水と1質量%のHCO−10とを含む):87で統一した点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で乳化物を調製した。各乳化物を室温で1ヶ月に亘り保持し、乳化状態を観察した結果を表8に示す。
油として、オクタン(比誘電率(22℃)1.95)に対し、オレイン酸(比誘電率(22℃)2.46)を、表9に示すモル比で混合した点を除き、実施例6と同様の手順で乳化物を調製し、乳化性能を評価した。
Claims (12)
- エマルションの油相になる油に対し、自発的に閉鎖小胞体を形成する両親媒性物質により形成された閉鎖小胞体及び/又は水酸基を有する重縮合ポリマーの粒子を含みかつ前記エマルションの水相になる水を添加し、前記油及び水を混合する工程を有するW/Oエマルションの製造方法。
- 前記油の量に対する前記水の添加量の質量比を20/80以上にする請求項1記載の製造方法。
- 前記混合は、前記油に対する前記水の添加が終了する前に撹拌を開始することで行う請求項1又は2記載の製造方法。
- 前記水の添加は、前記油を含む被添加対象の量の50質量%以下の量で行う請求項1から3いずれか記載の製造方法。
- 前記油の親水性を向上させる親水化処理を行う工程を更に有し、前記親水化処理は、前記油に対し、前記油より高い誘電率を有しかつ前記油との相溶性を有する高誘電率材料を混合する工程を有する請求項1から4いずれか記載の製造方法。
- 前記油は、2.1以下の比誘電率(22℃)を有する請求項5記載の製造方法。
- 前記高誘電率材料は、前記油の比誘電率(22℃)が2.2以上になる量で混合する請求項5又は6記載の製造方法。
- 前記油は軽油を含み、前記高誘電率材料はバイオディーゼル燃料を含む請求項5から7いずれか記載の製造方法。
- 前記閉鎖小胞体及び/又は前記粒子の疎水性を向上させる疎水化処理を行う工程を更に有し、前記疎水化処理は、前記水を加熱する工程を有する請求項1から8いずれか記載の製造方法。
- 前記加熱は、前記水の温度を40℃以上に昇温させる請求項9記載の製造方法。
- 内相が水相であり、外相が油相であり、自発的に閉鎖小胞体を形成する両親媒性物質により形成された閉鎖小胞体及び/又は水酸基を有する重縮合ポリマーの粒子を含むW/Oエマルションを含み、
内相が油相であり、外相が水相であり、前記閉鎖小胞体及び/又は前記粒子を含むO/Wエマルションが乳化物に占める量が20体積%以下である乳化物。 - 前記エマルションは、前記水相と前記油相との界面に前記閉鎖小胞体及び/又は前記粒子が介在することで乳化状態を維持するものである請求項11記載の乳化物。
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JP3858230B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-12-13 | 学校法人神奈川大学 | エマルション燃料 |
JP2010104946A (ja) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-13 | Riso Kagaku Corp | 逆ベシクルを用いて形成された油中水(w/o)型エマルション |
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