JP5822433B2 - ワクチン中に薬剤標的として用いるサイトメガロウイルス表面タンパク質複合体 - Google Patents
ワクチン中に薬剤標的として用いるサイトメガロウイルス表面タンパク質複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5822433B2 JP5822433B2 JP2009514365A JP2009514365A JP5822433B2 JP 5822433 B2 JP5822433 B2 JP 5822433B2 JP 2009514365 A JP2009514365 A JP 2009514365A JP 2009514365 A JP2009514365 A JP 2009514365A JP 5822433 B2 JP5822433 B2 JP 5822433B2
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Description
本願は、各々の内容全般が参照により援用される2006年6月7日に出願された米国仮出願番号60/811,689、および2007年2月20日に出願された米国仮出願番号60/902,544の利益を主張する。
本発明につながる研究には、一部、国立衛生研究所より資金が供給された(認可番号:CA85786、CA82396、AI54430、およびGM71508)。従って、アメリカ合衆国政府はここに記載の本発明に関して一定の権利を有し得る。
本発明は、概して、ワクチン開発、受動免疫および抗ウイルス薬の創薬(antiviral drug discovery)の分野に関する。すなわち、本発明は、サイトメガロウイルスに対するワクチン、サイトメガロウイルス感染の治療用治療薬としての抗体の開発、およびサイトメガロウイルス感染力を阻害する分子を同定するスクリーニング試験に関する。
特許、公開出願、技術論文および学術論文を含む様々な刊行物が、本明細書全体に引用されている。これらの引用刊行物は、各々、本明細書にそのままの状態で参照することにより援用される。
本発明の一態様は、医薬的に許容可能な担体、および、pUL128またはpUL130と適宜少なくとも一つの他のウイルスまたはCMVビリオン複合体の細胞成分を含有するサイトメガロウイルス(CMV)タンパク質の複合体を含有する免疫原性組成物を特徴とする。様々な態様において、該CMVタンパク質は、例えばヒト、チンパンジーまたはアカゲザルのCMVといった、霊長類CMV由来である。
を含む、CMVの宿主細胞へ侵入を阻害する能力を有する化合物のスクリーニング方法を特徴とする。
本明細書および請求項中に、本発明の方法および他の態様に関する様々な用語が用いられる。他に定義のない限り、ここに用いる全ての技術的および科学的用語は、本発明分野の当業者が通常理解しているのと同じ意味を有する。ここに記載のものと類似または同等のいくつかの方法および物質を本発明の試験の実施に用いることができるけれども、望ましい物質および方法をここに記載する。本発明の記載および請求項において、以下の専門用語が用いられる。
本発明の一態様は、医薬的に許容される担体、ならびに、pUL128またはpUL130を含むサイトメガロウイルス(CMV)タンパク質複合体および他のウイルスまたはpUL128またはpUL130を含むビリオン複合体の細胞成分の少なくとも1つ、を含有する免疫原性組成物である。一態様において、該ビリオン複合体は、pUL128またはpUL130を単独で有する。別の態様において、該ビリオン複合体はpUL128およびpUL130を含む。別の態様において、該ビリオン複合体は糖タンパク質gLおよび/またはgH、あるいはその両方を含む。別の態様において、該ビリオン複合体はpUL128、pUL130、gLおよびgHを含む。別の態様において、該ビリオン複合体はpUL131を含むか、またはpUL131に関連する。さらに別の態様において、上記のタンパク質のフラグメントが、単一のポリペプチドか融合産物のいずれかとして用いられる。
いくつかの態様において、ここに記載のpUL128および/またはpUL130タンパク質またはタンパク質複合体、およびその誘導体は、付加的なCMV遺伝子産物を含むより大きな複合体ワクチンの成分として投与される。これらの付加的なCMV遺伝子産物は、完全タンパク質および/またはタンパク質のフラグメントであり得る。一態様において、pUL128および/またはpUL130の免疫原性フラグメントは単独で存在するか、あるいはpUL128-pUL130ビリオン複合体の付加的な成分(例えば、gH)の免疫原性フラグメント、および/またはビリオンの付加的な成分(例えば、gBなど)を含む1つのポリペプチド鎖に結合し得る。そのような複合的免疫原性フラグメントを含むポリペプチドは、非-CMVおよび/または合成アミノ酸配列もまた有し得る。
いくつかの態様において、ここに記載のpUL128および/またはpUL130タンパク質またはタンパク質複合体、およびその誘導体はワクチンベクターの成分として投与され得る。ワクチンベクターには、改変ウイルス、バクテリアおよび他の微生物が含まれる。例えば、1以上のアデノウイルス遺伝子または遺伝子フラグメントを欠き、その代わりに、pUL128および/またはpUL130タンパク質またはタンパク質複合体およびその誘導体をコードする核酸を含む、アデノウイルス誘導体を産生することができる。
本発明はまた、pUL128またはpUL130内のエピトープまたは、ウイルス粒子においてpUL128およびpUL130を含む複合体の成分を特異的に認識する抗体についても特徴とする。これらは、1以上の糖タンパク質gH、糖タンパク質gLまたはpUL131を含む。望ましい態様において、該抗体は、ウイルスが細胞表面の受容体に結合できなくすることにより細胞のCMV感染を阻害する。そのような抗体は、当分野で認識されている定義に従って、ときに中和抗体と呼ばれる。
本発明はまた、CMV pUL130-pUL128-含有表面複合体と細胞受容体の間の相互作用、または宿主細胞の表面におけるウイルス侵入媒体を阻害する化合物のスクリーニング方法も特徴とする。一態様において、該スクリーニング試験には、CMV粒子の試験化合物への接触、および試験化合物-処理CMV粒子のCD46またはCD46を有する細胞または膜フラグメントへの接触、および試験化合物がCMV粒子のCD46への結合を阻害するかどうかの確認が含まれる。本発明の方法により試される候補化合物には、精製された分子、実質的に精製された分子、1以上の成分の混合化合物である分子、あるいは他の物質との混合化合物が含まれる。試験化合物は、有機または無機化学物質または生体分子、および全てのフラグメント、アナログ、ホモログ、複合体、およびその誘導体であり得る。試験化合物は、天然または合成起源であり得、それらの天然資源から単離または精製でき、あるいはde novoで合成できる。試験化合物は、構造または組成に関して特定または未特定であり得る。該化合物は、未知の構造の単離生成物、いくつかの既知の生成物の混合、または1以上の化合物を有する未特定の組成物であり得る。未特定の組成物の例としては、細胞および組織抽出物、原核生物、真核生物、および古細菌細胞を培養する増殖培地(、発酵もろみ液、タンパク質発現ライブラリー、などが含まれる。本発明の一態様において、該試験化合物は、pUL128-pUL130-含有複合体の成分に対応するアミノ酸配列を含有する小さいペプチドである。該ペプチドは天然のアミノ酸、化学修飾アミノ酸および/またはアミノ酸の合成誘導体を含む。本発明の望ましい態様において、該ペプチドは8から20アミノ酸ユニット長である。
上皮細胞指向性(Tropism)にはヒトサイトメガロウイルス UL131 ORFが必要である。
本実施例は、異なる器官及び組織由来の培養細胞集団(a panel of)を用いた、上皮細胞のヒトCMV感染の体系的調査(systematic investigation)について説明する。培養上皮細胞は、野生型 UL131-UL128 遺伝子座を有するヒトCMV株により、効率的に感染し得ることが見いだされた。該AD169 実験室株は、そのUL131 ORFにおける突然変異が修復される場合、上皮および内皮細胞の両方を効率的に感染させ得る。
細胞とウイルス。10から15継代の初期(Primary)ヒト包皮線維芽細胞(HFFs)を、10%ウシ新生仔血清添加Dulbecco’s minimal essential medium(DMEM)中で維持した。2つの型の内皮細胞、不死化ヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞(HUVECs)および肺大血管内皮細胞(LMVECs)、は私的な供給源から得たが、他からも利用可能または入手可能である。該内皮細胞を、EGM-2 培地(Combrex、East Rutherford、NJ)で培養した。ヒーラ細胞、初期ヒトMRC-5胚性肺線維芽細胞およびARPE-19 網膜色素上皮細胞をATCCから購入した。MRC-5細胞およびARPE-19細胞の両方を24から30継代で用いた。該MRC-5細胞を10%ウシ胎仔血清(fetal bovine medium)添加DMEM培地中で培養し、ARPE-19細胞を10%ウシ胎仔血清含有DMEM/Ham’s F12 (1:1)培地中で増殖させた。SW480、HCT116、H1299、MCF-7、SK-N-SH、SK-N-AS、IMR-32細胞を10%ウシ胎仔血清添加DMEM中で増殖させた。
修復UL131 ORFを有するAD169変異体の構築および特性解析。共通のpolyA付加部位を有する2つの挿入転写産物(spliced transcript)がUL131-UL128遺伝子座により生じることが示されたが(Akter PC ら、2003, supra; Hahn G ら、2004, supra)、それらの5’末端は配置されなかった。この遺伝子座による転写産物をさらに特徴づけるため、5’-RACE解析を用いて2つの開始部位(図1A)をマップし、RNaseプロテクションアッセイを用いて結果を裏付けた(データ未提示)。該5’末端は、配列位置176835(UL131のちょうど上流)、および176207(UL130内)(Chee, MS ら、1990, supraに従って番号付与)に位置する。UL131 コード領域の上流に5’末端を有するmRNAは全3つのORFによりコードされるポリペプチドをコードする能力を有する一方、5’末端がUL130内にマップされる該RNAはUL130およびUL128の一部をコードする能力を有する。この5’マッピングは、AD169のUL131 ORFに存在する該1塩基対挿入(図1A)が、実際には、この遺伝子座にマップされたmRNA内に存在することを裏付ける。
ヒトサイトメガロウイルスビリオンタンパク質複合体は上皮および内皮細胞指向性に必要である。
細胞培養。 ヒトMRC-5 胚性肺線維芽細胞(American Type Culture Collection)を10%FBSを添加したDMEMで培養し、ARPE-19網膜色素上皮細胞(ATCC)を10% FBSを添加したDMEM/Ham’s F-12 培地(1:1)で培養した。各細胞種を24〜30継代で用いた。
pUL128およびpUL130はgHとの複合体中に存在する。tUL131-128 遺伝子座によりコードされるタンパク質が、1以上のウイルスコード融合糖タンパク質と協働して機能することを証明するため、UL131-UL128-コードタンパク質についてビリオン糖タンパク質複合体を調査した。線維芽細胞を3つのウイルスに感染させた:(1)BADwt、非機能的UL131 ORFを有するヒトCMVのAD169株の分離株;(2)BADdIUL131-128、UL131-UL128遺伝子座を欠くBADwt誘導体;および(3)BADrUL131、修復UL131 ORFを有するBADwt誘導体。感染後72時間で、細胞を35S-標識メチオニンおよびシステインで1時間処理し、該標識を20分または120分間追跡し、次いでウイルス糖タンパク質複合体を免疫沈降により検査した(図2)。
gBが標識後20分で合成およびグリコシル化されて160-kDaのタンパク質を生成することを認め、また、120分で部分的に切断されて成熟gp55-gp116 gB複合体(図2A)を生成した。該gM分子が、見かけの分子量 38 kDaのタンパク質として合成され、合成後120分に、移動度が38-から46-kDaの拡散バンドとなるように改変した(図2B)。以前に、gMと共沈した〜60kDaタンパク質がgNとして同定された(Mach M ら、(2000) J. Virol. 74:11881-92)。AD169変異体間で、gBまたはgM-gNにおいて差がないことが観察された。
抗CD46抗体を用いた上皮細胞のヒトCMV感染の阻害
ヒトCMV疾病の治療に有用なヒトCMV-特異抗体の混合物の解析
Claims (10)
- 医薬的に許容される担体;および
pUL128、pUL130、gH、gL、およびpUL131からなるサイトメガロウイルス(CMV)タンパク質の複合体;
を含む、免疫原性組成物。 - 該複合体のタンパク質の少なくとも1つがキャリアタンパク質に結合している、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 該複合体のタンパク質が弱毒化CMVウイルス粒子の表面で発現している、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 該タンパク質が該CMVウイルス粒子の表面に存在する1以上の他のタンパク質またはそのフラグメントに融合している、請求項3に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 請求項1−4のいずれか1つに記載の組成物の該pUL128、pUL130、gH、gL、およびpUL131複合体のCMVタンパク質をコードする核酸。
- CMV感染の治療または予防薬の製造における請求項1−4のいずれか1つに記載の組成物または請求項5に記載の核酸の使用。
- サイトメガロウイルス(CMV)の宿主細胞への侵入を阻害する能力に関する化合物のスクリーニング方法であって:
a)試験化合物の存在下または非存在下において、宿主細胞を、pUL128、pUL130、gH、gL、およびpUL131を含む複合体に曝露すること;および、
b)該試験化合物が該CMVビリオンまたはその成分の該宿主細胞または細胞受容体への結合を妨げるかどうかを決定し、その結合妨害を、該試験化合物の有するCMVの宿主細胞への侵入阻害能力の指標とすること;
を特徴とする方法。 - CMVまたはその成分が宿主細胞または細胞受容体に結合するのを妨害する能力を有する選択された試験化合物を:
a)該選択された試験化合物の存在下または非存在下において、該宿主細胞をCMVビリオンに曝露すること;および、
b)該選択された試験化合物が、下記(i)〜(iii):
(i) 宿主細胞内でのCMVタンパク質の産生;
(ii) CMV感染の細胞変性効果;または
(iii)ウイルスタンパク質の細胞から細胞への拡散;
の1つ以上を阻害するかどうかを決定し、該阻害を該試験化合物がCMV感染を阻害する能力を有することの更なる指標とすること、
を特徴とする二次スクリーニングにかける、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 内皮細胞または上皮細胞のヒトサイトメガロウイルス(CMV)感染性の中和能力に関する化合物のスクリーニング方法であって:
a)試験化合物の存在下または非存在下において、上皮細胞または内皮細胞を、pUL128、pUL130、gH、gL、およびpUL131を含むビリオン複合体を含有するCMVビリオンに曝露すること;および
b)該試験化合物が該CMVの宿主細胞への侵入を阻害するかどうかを決定し、該阻害を該試験化合物が内皮細胞または上皮細胞のヒトCMV感染性の中和能力を有することの指標とすること、
を特徴とする方法。 - 該試験化合物が、抗体またはそのエピトープ結合フラグメント、あるいはpUL128、pUL130、gH、gL、およびpUL131を含有するCMVビリオン複合体の中和結合パートナーである、請求項9に記載の方法。
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US6267965B1 (en) * | 1981-12-24 | 2001-07-31 | Virogenetics Corporation | Recombinant poxvirus—cytomegalovirus compositions and uses |
WO2002066629A2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-29 | Gabriele Hahn | Recombinant vector containing infectious human cytomegalovirus genome with preserved wild-type characteristics of clinical isolates |
DE10232322A1 (de) | 2002-07-16 | 2004-07-29 | Hahn, Gabriele, Dr. | Viral kodierte CxC determinieren den Gewebetropismus von HCMV |
CA2654563A1 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-21 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Cytomegalovirus surface protein complex for use in vaccines and as a drug target |
GB0700133D0 (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2007-02-14 | Humabs Llc | Human cytomegalovirus neutralising antibodies and use thereof |
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2007
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- 2007-06-06 US US11/810,578 patent/US7704510B2/en active Active
- 2007-06-06 JP JP2009514365A patent/JP5822433B2/ja active Active
- 2007-06-06 EP EP07777421.4A patent/EP2037959B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2007-06-06 WO PCT/US2007/013365 patent/WO2007146024A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-06-06 EP EP16152758.5A patent/EP3031469B1/en active Active
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2010
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2014
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JP2013241442A (ja) | 2013-12-05 |
US7704510B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
JP2016128418A (ja) | 2016-07-14 |
CA2654563A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
EP3031469B1 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
US11129891B2 (en) | 2021-09-28 |
US8828399B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
JP6274770B2 (ja) | 2018-02-07 |
WO2007146024A2 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
EP2037959B1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
JP2009539845A (ja) | 2009-11-19 |
US20080187545A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
US20140370026A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
WO2007146024A3 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
US20120226023A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
US20190358317A1 (en) | 2019-11-28 |
US20110200633A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
EP3031469A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
EP2037959A2 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
US8173362B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 |
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