JP5785095B2 - 配列変種の対立遺伝子特異的抑制を用いる核酸増幅 - Google Patents
配列変種の対立遺伝子特異的抑制を用いる核酸増幅 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5785095B2 JP5785095B2 JP2011544052A JP2011544052A JP5785095B2 JP 5785095 B2 JP5785095 B2 JP 5785095B2 JP 2011544052 A JP2011544052 A JP 2011544052A JP 2011544052 A JP2011544052 A JP 2011544052A JP 5785095 B2 JP5785095 B2 JP 5785095B2
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- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
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Description
特に明記しない場合は、本明細書で使用されるすべての技術用語及び科学用語は、本発明が関係する分野の当業者により通常理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。本発明の説明と特許請求の範囲において、以下の定義が使用される。
(1)充分に低い融解温度で標的配列のいくつかの変種と2本鎖を形成して、5’−3’ヌクレアーゼ活性が有意に欠如したポリメラーゼが、ブロッカーオリゴヌクレオチドを置換し、かつ標的配列のこれらの変種を複製することを可能にするオリゴヌクレオチド、及び
(2)充分な高い融解温度で標的配列の他の変種と2本鎖を形成して、5’−3’ヌクレアーゼ活性が有意に欠如したポリメラーゼが標的配列のこれらの変種を複製することを弱めるオリゴヌクレオチド。
野生型とKRAS−変異体標的の別々の増幅と融解分析
各50μlの反応物は、104コピーの野生型配列又は変異体標的配列、0.7μMのエクソン2上流(過剰)プライマー(配列番号2)、0.025μMの第1のエクソン2下流(制限)プライマー(配列番号3:化学修飾無し)、0.075μMの第2のエクソン2下流(制限)プライマー(配列番号4、化学修飾有り)、0.3μMのエクソン2融解プローブ(配列番号5)、0.7μMのエクソン3上流(過剰)プライマー(配列番号6)、0.1μMのエクソン3下流(制限)プライマー(配列番号7)、0.3μMのエクソン3融解プローブ(配列番号8)、50mM トリシン(pH7.7)、57mM酢酸カリウム(pH7.5)、8%グリセロール、1% DMSO、200μMの各dATP、dCTP及びdGTP、400μM dUTP、50μM dTTP、0.01%ツイーン20、0.04単位/μlのウラシル−N−グリコシラーゼ(UNG)、0.6単位/μlのΔZ05GOLD DNAポリメラーゼ、及び3mM酢酸マグネシウムを含有した。エクソン2用に2つの制限プライマーの混合物を使用した:非修飾3’末端シトシンを有する第1のプライマー(配列番号3)を1/4、N4ベンジル化3’末端シトシンを有する第2のプライマー(配列番号4)を3/4。反応物中の2つの制限プライマーの比率は、野生型抑制の最適な程度を可能にした(実施例2参照):変異DNAが欠如している時、野生型DNAが増幅された。しかし変異DNAも存在すると、野生型より変異DNAが優先的に増幅された(データは示していない)。
野生型試料と変異体試料の混合物中のKRAS変異の対立遺伝子特異的増幅と検出
本例では、同じ試験管中の野生型標的と変異体標的の混合物について、増幅と融解分析を行った。各50μlの反応物は、野生型配列と変異配列との混合物を含む標的DNAの8,000コピーを含有した。変異配列は、反応物中の全コピー数の1%又は5%を占め、残りの99%又は95%は野生型配列であった。増幅と融解分析は、実施例1について一般的に記載した条件と温度プロフィールとを使用して、各実験について修飾を加えて行った。結果を図3〜8に示す。変異体標的は野生型標的より低い融解ピーク極大値(Tm)により同定される。実線は「抑制条件」を示し、点線は各実験で特定される「対照条件」を示す。
患者由来のホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋組織(FFPET)試料中のKRAS変異の対立遺伝子特異的増幅と検出
本例では、7個の市販のFEPET試料から抽出したDNAについて増幅と融解分析を行った。各50μlの反応物は、3×10μmの組織切片から抽出しNanodrop分光光度計で定量したFFPET DNAの25ngを含有した。95%の野生型標的と混合した5%の変異体標的を含有する反応物を対照として使用した(点線)。反応混合物中にエクソン3プライマーとプローブが存在せず、ΔZ05GOLDポリメラーゼの量を0.3単位/μlに減らし、酢酸マグネシウムの量を2.5mMに減らした以外は、実施例1に記載した条件と温度プロフィールを使用して増幅と融解分析を行った。結果は融解ピークとして図9に示す。変異体標的は、野生型標的より低い融解ピーク極大値(Tm)により同定される。点線は野生型配列を示し、実線は、変異配列が存在する患者試料を示す。一部の患者試料は野生型と変異配列との両方を含む。
Claims (10)
- 2種以上の変種の形で存在する標的配列の所望の変種の選択的増幅法であって、
a)反応混合物中に標的配列の少なくとも1種の変種を含み得る試料を提供し、
b)標的配列の2種以上の変種にハイブリダイズし得る第1のオリゴヌクレオチドを提供し、
c)標的配列の2種以上の変種にハイブリダイズし得る第2のオリゴヌクレオチドを提供し、ここで、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドの少なくとも一部は、3’末端又はその近傍の1又は2以上のヌクレオチドに修飾塩基を含有し、ここで、前記修飾塩基が、環外アミノ基において修飾されており、
d)標的配列の所望の変種に対し、標的配列の不要な変種に対するよりも小さい親和性でハイブリダイズし得るとともに、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドと同じ鎖に0〜60ヌクレオチド下流でハイブリダイズするように設計された、第3のオリゴヌクレオチドを提供し、
e)実質的に5’−3’ヌクレアーゼ活性が欠如した核酸ポリメラーゼを提供し、
f)反応混合物をポリメラーゼ連鎖反応に付す、ことを含んでなり、
ここで、第1のオリゴヌクレオチドと第2のオリゴヌクレオチドとは等量ではなく、第1のオリゴヌクレオチドが過剰に存在し、
第3のオリゴヌクレオチドが標的配列の不要な変種にハイブリダイズした時は、第3のオリゴヌクレオチドが前記核酸ポリメラーゼによる前記第2のオリゴヌクレオチドの伸長を実質的に阻害するが、前記第3のオリゴヌクレオチドが標的配列の所望の変種に対しハイブリダイズした時は、前記核酸ポリメラーゼによる前記第2のオリゴヌクレオチドの伸長を実質的に阻害しない、方法。 - 第2のオリゴヌクレオチドの修飾塩基がN4−ベンジル−2’−デオキシシチジンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1、第2、及び第3のオリゴヌクレオチドのうち少なくとも1つが標識されるとともに、増幅された核酸配列の検出をさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 第1のオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号2であり、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号3であり、及び/又は、第3のオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号5である、請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の方法。
- 2種以上の変種の形で存在する標的配列の所望の変種の選択的増幅のための反応混合物であって、
a)標的配列の2種以上の変種にハイブリダイズし得る第1のオリゴヌクレオチドと、
b)標的配列の2種以上の変種にハイブリダイズし得る第2のオリゴヌクレオチドであって、その少なくとも一部が、3’末端又はその近傍の1又は2以上のヌクレオチドに修飾塩基を含有し、前記修飾塩基が環外アミノ基において修飾される、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドと、
c)標的配列の所望の変種に対し、標的配列の不要な変種に対するよりも小さい親和性でハイブリダイズし得るとともに、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドと同じ鎖に0〜60ヌクレオチド下流でハイブリダイズするように設計された、第3のオリゴヌクレオチドと、
d)5’−3’ヌクレアーゼ活性が実質的に欠如した核酸ポリメラーゼと、を含み、
ここで、第1のオリゴヌクレオチドと第2のオリゴヌクレオチドとは等量ではなく、第1のオリゴヌクレオチドが過剰に存在し、
第3のオリゴヌクレオチドは、標的配列の不要な変種の増幅を検出できる程度に阻害できるが、標的配列の所望の変種の増幅を阻害できない、反応混合物。 - 第2のオリゴヌクレオチドの修飾塩基がN4−ベンジル−2’−デオキシシチジンである、請求項5に記載の反応混合物。
- 第1のオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号2であり、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号3であり、及び/又は、第3のオリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号5である、請求項5又は6に記載の反応混合物。
- 2種以上の変種の形で存在する標的配列の所望の変種の選択的増幅のためのキットであって、
a)標的配列の2種以上の変種にハイブリダイズし得る第1のオリゴヌクレオチドと、
b)標的配列の2種以上の変種にハイブリダイズし得る第2のオリゴヌクレオチドであって、その少なくとも一部が、3’末端又はその近傍の1又は2以上のヌクレオチドに修飾塩基を含有し、前記修飾塩基が環外アミノ基において修飾される、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドと、
c)標的配列の所望の変種に対し、標的配列の不要な変種に対するよりも小さい親和性でハイブリダイズし得るとともに、第2のオリゴヌクレオチドと同じ鎖に0〜60ヌクレオチド下流でハイブリダイズするように設計された、第3のオリゴヌクレオチドと、
d)実質的に5’−3’ヌクレアーゼ活性が欠如した核酸ポリメラーゼと、
e)核酸の増幅に必要な試薬と溶液と、を含んでなり、
ここで、第1のオリゴヌクレオチドと第2のオリゴヌクレオチドとは等量ではなく、第1のオリゴヌクレオチドが過剰に存在し、
第3のオリゴヌクレオチドは、標的配列の不要な変種の増幅を検出できる程度に阻害できるが、標的配列の所望の変種の増幅を阻害できない、キット。 - 第2のオリゴヌクレオチドの修飾塩基がN4−ベンジル−2’−デオキシシチジンである、請求項8に記載のキット。
- 核酸のピロリン酸分解を最小にするのに適した試薬、及び核酸による増幅反応のキャリーオーバー汚染を防ぐのに適した試薬の1個以上をさらに含んでなる、請求項8又は9に記載のキット。
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