JP5770409B2 - 排ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5770409B2 JP5770409B2 JP2007284810A JP2007284810A JP5770409B2 JP 5770409 B2 JP5770409 B2 JP 5770409B2 JP 2007284810 A JP2007284810 A JP 2007284810A JP 2007284810 A JP2007284810 A JP 2007284810A JP 5770409 B2 JP5770409 B2 JP 5770409B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- catalyst layer
- temperature
- exhaust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 157
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 82
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 51
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
<実施例1>
図1及び図2に示すように、ディーゼルエンジン12の排気管13aに、排ガス上流側から順に酸化触媒17と、選択還元型触媒11を積層したフィルタ14と、アンモニア酸化触媒18とを設けた。また選択還元型触媒11の第2触媒層11bをフィルタ14の排ガス上流側の隔壁14b表面に積層し、第1触媒層11aを第2触媒層11bの表面に積層した。更に酸化触媒17と選択還元型触媒11との間の排気管13aには尿素系液体16bを噴射する液体噴射ノズル16aを設けた。なお、酸化触媒17はアルミナに白金を担持して形成した。また、フィルタ14の担体14aをコージェライトにより多孔質に形成した。また選択還元型触媒11の第1触媒層11aを鉄−ゼオライト触媒により形成し、第2触媒層11bを鉄−アルミナ触媒により形成した。更にアンモニア酸化触媒18はアルミナに白金を担持して形成した。この排ガス浄化装置を実施例1とした。
鉄−アルミナ触媒からなる第2触媒層を用いずに、鉄−ゼオライト触媒からなる第1触媒層のみをフィルタの排ガス上流側の隔壁表面に積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に構成した。この排ガス浄化装置を比較例1とした。
<比較例2>
鉄−ゼオライト触媒からなる第1触媒層を用いずに、鉄−アルミナ触媒からなる第2触媒層のみをフィルタの排ガス上流側の隔壁表面に積層したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に構成した。この排ガス浄化装置を比較例1とした。
実施例1と比較例1及び2の排ガス浄化装置によるNOx低減率を、排ガス温度を変化させてそれぞれ測定した。その結果を図3に示す。図3から明らかなように、比較例1では、排ガス温度が200〜350℃でNOx低減率が75%と比較的高い値を示したが、排ガス温度が500℃以上ではNOx低減率が低く、比較例2では、排ガス温度が400℃以上でNOx低減率が65%前後と比較的高い値を示したが、排ガス温度が300℃以下ではNOx低減率が低かった。これらに対し、実施例1では、排ガス温度が150〜700℃にわたってNOx低減率が70%以上と高効率にNOxを低減できることが分った。
11a 第1触媒層
11b 第2触媒層
13 排気通路
14a 担体
14b 隔壁
14c 貫通孔
Claims (2)
- 排気通路(13)に設けられ排ガスが通過可能な多孔質に形成された第1触媒層(11a)と、前記第1触媒層(11a)の排ガス下流側の表面に積層され前記排ガスが通過可能な多孔質に形成された第2触媒層(11b)とを有する選択還元型触媒(11)を備えた排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記第1触媒層(11a)が鉄−ゼオライト触媒からなり150〜400℃の範囲内の排ガス温度で前記排ガスに含まれるNOxの60%以上を低減する触媒活性を示し、
前記第2触媒層(11b)が鉄−アルミナ触媒からなり前記第1触媒層(11a)の触媒活性を示す温度範囲より高い400〜700℃の範囲内の排ガス温度で前記排ガスに含まれるNOxの60%以上を低減する触媒活性を示し、
前記第1及び第2触媒層(11a,11b)の双方により150〜700℃の範囲内の排ガス温度で前記排ガスに含まれるNOxの70%以上を低減する触媒活性を示す
ことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。 - 排気通路(13)に多孔質の隔壁(14b)で仕切られ互いに平行であって前記排気通路(13)の長手方向に延びる複数の貫通孔(14c)を有する担体(14a)が設けられ、第2触媒層(11b)が排ガス上流側の前記隔壁(14b)表面に積層され、第1触媒層(11a)が前記第2触媒層(11b)の表面に積層された請求項1記載の排ガス浄化装置。
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JP2007284810A JP5770409B2 (ja) | 2007-11-01 | 2007-11-01 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
US12/734,377 US8414837B2 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-27 | Selective reduction catalyst |
PCT/JP2008/069401 WO2009057536A1 (ja) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-27 | 選択還元型触媒 |
EP08845386A EP2206553A4 (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-27 | CATALYST WITH SELECTIVE REDUCTION |
CN2008801126870A CN101835533B (zh) | 2007-11-01 | 2008-10-27 | 选择还原型催化剂 |
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JP2007284810A JP5770409B2 (ja) | 2007-11-01 | 2007-11-01 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
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JP2009106913A5 JP2009106913A5 (ja) | 2011-01-13 |
JP5770409B2 true JP5770409B2 (ja) | 2015-08-26 |
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EP (1) | EP2206553A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5770409B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101835533B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009057536A1 (ja) |
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US9079162B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2015-07-14 | BASF SE Ludwigshafen | Fe-BEA/Fe-MFI mixed zeolite catalyst and process for the treatment of NOX in gas streams |
JP2009262098A (ja) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-12 | Ne Chemcat Corp | 選択還元触媒を用いた排気ガス浄化方法 |
EP2319606B2 (de) | 2008-11-04 | 2019-08-07 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Dieselpartikelfilter mit verbesserten Staudruckeigenschaften |
WO2010138438A2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Corning Incorporated | Particulate filter with low soot loaded coating |
JP2011012563A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Toyota Industries Corp | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
EP2558691B1 (de) | 2010-04-14 | 2016-08-03 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Reduktionskatalytisch beschichtetes dieselpartikelfilter mit verbesserten eigenschaften |
US10504333B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 | 2019-12-10 | Micro-Gaming Ventures, LLC | Location-based wagering via remote devices |
US9978218B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2018-05-22 | Micro-Gaming Ventures, LLC | Systems and methods for enabling remote device users to wager on micro events of games in a data network accessible gaming environment |
FR2971005A1 (fr) * | 2011-02-02 | 2012-08-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Ligne d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne |
AU2013295586B2 (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2016-10-20 | SerVaas Laboratories, Inc. | Catalytic converter, a kit for servicing a catalytic converter, and method for servicing a catalytic converter |
TW201438819A (zh) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-10-16 | Nikki Universal Co Ltd | 耐矽毒性優異之排氣淨化用觸媒 |
WO2014115461A1 (ja) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | フタバ産業株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
GB2520776A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Wall-flow filter comprising catalytic washcoat |
US11783679B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 | 2023-10-10 | Micro-Gaming Ventures, LLC | Location-based wagering via remote devices |
JP6160568B2 (ja) | 2014-06-20 | 2017-07-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置の劣化診断装置 |
JP6392024B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-12 | 2018-09-19 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置 |
JP6278005B2 (ja) | 2015-07-06 | 2018-02-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置の劣化診断装置 |
BR112018003261B1 (pt) * | 2015-08-21 | 2021-08-03 | Basf Corporation | Catalisador, sistema para tratamento de gás de escape, e, método para tratar gás de escape |
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WO2023203203A1 (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-26 | Basf Corporation | Catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of nox |
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US20100254862A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
CN101835533B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
CN101835533A (zh) | 2010-09-15 |
WO2009057536A1 (ja) | 2009-05-07 |
EP2206553A1 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
JP2009106913A (ja) | 2009-05-21 |
EP2206553A4 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
US8414837B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
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