JP5722779B2 - 水溶性又は非水溶性治療剤の身体内腔表面への局所送達 - Google Patents
水溶性又は非水溶性治療剤の身体内腔表面への局所送達 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5722779B2 JP5722779B2 JP2011527028A JP2011527028A JP5722779B2 JP 5722779 B2 JP5722779 B2 JP 5722779B2 JP 2011527028 A JP2011527028 A JP 2011527028A JP 2011527028 A JP2011527028 A JP 2011527028A JP 5722779 B2 JP5722779 B2 JP 5722779B2
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Description
本一部係属出願は、2008年9月15日に出願された係属中の米国特許出願第12/210,344号の優先権の利益に関し、該特許出願を引用により組み入れるとともに、本明細書によりこの特許出願の優先権の利益を主張する。
1つの態様では、本発明の実施形態が、1又はそれ以上の両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーを含む両親媒性ポリマー皮膜を開示する。1つの実施形態では、両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーが、非イオン性熱可塑性ポリマー又はコポリマーである。1つの実施形態では、両親媒性ポリマーが、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC)又はポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)である。1つの実施形態では、両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーがヨウ素と錯体形成し、このヨウ素は、両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーに共有結合されない。例えば、PVP及びHPCがヨウ素と錯体形成することができる。ヨウ素と錯体形成したPVPは、ポビドンヨードとしても知られている。驚いたことには、表Iの結果によって示唆するように、非イオン両親媒性ポリマーをヨウ素と錯体形成させることにより、生体内におけるパクリタキセル、ラパマイシン及びエベロリムスなどの非水溶性治療剤の溶解度を高めることができ、従って非水溶性治療剤の組織内取り込みを支援することができる。これにより、医療処置の時間要件、及び機械的圧力の量、及び/又は拡張可能構造の持続的膨張により引き起こされる代謝不全を低減することができる。1つの実施形態では、皮膜中のヨウ素錯体形成可能両親媒性ポリマー及び/又はコポリマーと錯体形成したヨウ素の量が、乾燥したヨウ素錯体形成可能両親媒性ポリマー及び/又はコポリマーの重量の1〜30重量パーセントである。
別の態様では、本発明の実施形態が、治療剤を送達して身体内腔壁に生じる様々な疾患を治療するための器具及び方法を開示する。本発明による有用な治療剤は、単独で又は組み合わせて使用することができる。治療剤は、非水溶性(すなわち、溶媒可溶性)及び/又は水溶性とすることができる。1つの実施形態では、乾燥皮膜が、25〜100%の治療剤(薬物)対ポリマーマトリクス重量比(D/P)を有する。本明細書で使用するD/P比のDは、D/P比が皮膜内の単一の薬剤を具体的に表すように別様に利用されない限り、皮膜内の薬剤を全て含む。D/Pは、両親媒性ポリマー及び/又はコポリマーの分子量、及び可塑剤及び/又はワックスなどの追加成分の存在に依存することができる。D/P比が100%よりも高いと、生体内における溶解時間が長くなり、この結果、送達バルーンの膨張時間が300秒未満の場合に治療作業中の薬剤送達の効率が悪くなる恐れがある。また、D/P比が100%よりも高いと、特に非水溶性薬剤の場合に粒子が発生する可能性が高まる恐れがある。D/P比が25%を下回ると、医療用使い捨て装置に必要な治療剤を装填するために過剰な皮膜厚が必要となる場合がある。1つの実施形態では、D/P比が35〜60%である。
1又は複数の治療剤を含む両親媒性ポリマー皮膜及び両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーは、蒸着、噴霧被覆、及び浸漬被覆を含む様々な技術で形成することができる。図1A〜図1Cは、バルーンカテーテルのバルーンなどの医療用使い捨て装置の拡張可能構造を被覆溶液又は被覆混合物に浸漬被覆することによって両親媒性ポリマー皮膜を形成する特定の実施形態を示す図である。本発明の実施形態を利用すると、この浸漬被覆プロセスでは、単純で再現可能な単一浸漬を使用してバルーン表面全体に均一な治療剤濃度が提供され、これにより皮膜内に治療剤を装填するために浸漬を複数回行う必要性を排除することができる。
図2A〜図2Cは、治療剤及び両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーを含む両親媒性ポリマー皮膜を身体内腔の表面に局所送達する特定の実施形態を示す図である。図2Aに示すように、非拡張バルーン212上に両親媒性ポリマー皮膜216を施したバルーンカテーテル210を提供し、これを身体内腔220に挿入する。カテーテル210は、カテーテルが身体内腔220に挿入されたときに両親媒性ポリマー皮膜216が時期尚早に溶解するのを防ぐための任意の保護シース218を非拡張バルーン212上にさらに含むことができる。1つの実施形態では、身体内腔220を、非摂動原発性アテローム血栓症又は再狭窄病変などの焦点領域222を含む動脈とすることができる。1つの実施形態では、身体内腔220を共通胆管又は共通胆管の分枝とし、焦点領域222を腔内腫瘍とすることができる。
表I 光学濃度測定値
0.1グラムのパクリタキセルを、アセトン中の0.1グラムのエタノール及び0.18グラムの50%PEG−400に45℃で溶解させた。その後、溶液を室温まで冷却し、2−プロパノール中の20%のポビドンヨード0.55グラムに加えた。結果として得られた被覆溶液は、50%のD/P比、31.8重量パーセントの不揮発性成分を含み、パクリタキセルが不揮発性成分の33.3重量パーセントを示していた。
本発明の実施形態を適用できる1つの治療領域に、血管系の管腔疾患の治療がある。一般に、管腔疾患は、先天性(アテローム硬化性、血栓塞栓性)又は医原性(再狭窄)の疾患として分類することができる。これらの管腔疾患としては、以下に限定されるわけではないが、アテローム性動脈硬化症、アテローム病変、不安定プラーク、血栓塞栓性閉塞、血管移植病、動静脈瘻病、動静脈移植病及び再狭窄を挙げることができる。
本発明の実施形態を適用できる1つの治療領域は、再狭窄のプロセスを抑制することである。再狭窄は、経皮的又は外科的血管介入に対する反応により活性化される炎症及び増殖を伴う複合プロセスの結果である。これらの経皮的又は外科的介入の例として、以下に限定されるわけではないが、血管バイパス移植、動静脈瘻、動静脈移植の血管再生、並びに冠状動脈、大腿動脈及び頚動脈血管の経皮的血管再生を挙げることができる。動脈壁に起因するアテローム斑は流断面積を減少させ、これが下流器官への流れを制限する恐れがある。病変を変位(拡張可能バルーン又はステントなど)又は除去(方向性又は回転性アテローム切除術など)することにより、流断面積を回復させることができる。血管再生後の数ヶ月から数週間内に、動脈壁の平滑筋細胞の局所増殖性により、元々のアテローム斑の部位において流れに対する閉塞物が形成される可能性がある。パクリタキセルは、微小管重合を促進することにより細胞質分裂を抑制する複合タキサン環を含むジテルペン分子である。パクリタキセルは、哺乳類の動脈におけるバルーン血管形成後の平滑筋細胞の増殖及び再狭窄を抑制する。パクリタキセルは、血管再生処置後に保持された埋め込み金属ステントから数日乃至数週間にわたって送達された場合、人における経皮的冠動脈血管再生後の再狭窄を抑制する。パクリタキセルに短時間(20分未満)さらされることにより、持続期間(14日)にわたって平滑筋細胞の増殖を抑制することができる。臨床研究では、薬剤で被覆した拡張可能バルーンからパクリタキセルが短期間(数分)にわたって送達された場合、大腿動脈及び冠状動脈血管再生後の再狭窄も効果的に抑制できることが実証されている。
本発明の実施形態を適用できる別の治療領域は、肺及び気道の限局性疾患を治療及び予防するための正常な又は病的な気道の管腔表面である。この実施形態は、通常、標的治療領域へのアクセス及びこの領域の視覚化を容易にするために使用される剛性のある気管支鏡又は可搬性のある気管支鏡の両方とともに使用することができる。
本発明の実施形態を適用できる別の治療領域は、以下に限定されるわけではないが、食道、胆道、結腸、及び小腸の良性及び悪性腫瘍を含む消化器疾患である。
Claims (23)
- 外面を有する拡張可能構造と、
前記拡張可能構造の前記外面上に施された両親媒性ポリマー皮膜であって、前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が、ヨウ素と錯体形成した両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーと、分子量が10Kダルトン未満のポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、クエン酸トリエチル、グリセロール、及びセバシン酸ジブチルからなる群から選択された可塑剤と、前記ヨウ素と錯体形成された前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマー中に拡散された疎水性治療剤とを含む、両親媒性ポリマー皮膜と
を含み、
少なくとも90%の前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が生体内で前記拡張可能構造を拡張させる300秒以内に溶解し、
前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーが、非イオン化熱可塑性物質であり、かつ、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC)及びポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)からなる群から選択される、医療用使い捨て装置。 - 前記治療剤が、抗増殖剤、抗血小板剤、抗炎症剤、抗血栓剤、及び血栓溶解剤からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記治療剤が、パクリタキセル及び酢酸デキサメタゾンからなるグループから選択されている、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記拡張可能構造を覆って伸びることができるとともに前記拡張可能構造から引き込み可能なシースをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記拡張可能構造が、バルーンカテーテルのバルーンである、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が、少なくとも1つの治療剤と、ヨウ素と錯体形成した少なくとも1つの両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーとで構成される、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記ヨウ素が、前記ヨウ素と錯体形成した前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーの1〜30%の重量比で前記皮膜中に存在する、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記治療剤が、前記外面上に0.1〜10.0μg/mm2の濃度で存在する、請求項7に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が、25〜100%の治療剤対ポリマーマトリクス重量比を有する、請求項7に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が、さらに第2の両親媒性ポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 前記ヨウ素および疎水性治療剤が、前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜を通して拡散している、請求項1に記載の医療用使い捨て装置。
- 医療用使い捨て装置を被覆する方法であって、
拡張可能部分を有する医療用使い捨て装置を提供するステップと、
前記拡張可能部分の外面上に両親媒性ポリマー皮膜を用いて被覆するステップと
を含み、
前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が、ヨウ素と錯体形成した両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーと、分子量が10Kダルトン未満のポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、クエン酸トリエチル、グリセロール、及びセバシン酸ジブチルからなる群から選択された可塑剤と、前記ヨウ素と錯体形成された前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマー中に拡散された疎水性治療剤とを含み、
少なくとも90%の前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が生体内で前記拡張可能部分を拡張させる300秒以内に溶解し、
前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーが、非イオン化熱可塑性物質であり、かつ、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC)及びポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)からなる群から選択される、方法。 - 前記治療剤が、抗増殖剤、抗血小板剤、抗炎症剤、抗血栓剤、及び血栓溶解剤からなる群から選択される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜を形成するステップが、前記拡張可能部分を被覆溶液中で浸漬被覆するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記両親媒性ポリマー皮膜が、前記被覆溶液中で単一浸漬を利用して形成される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記被覆溶液が、大部分又は全体が非水性の溶媒中に溶解した1又はそれ以上の両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーと前記治療剤とを含み、前記被覆溶液が5cps〜75cpsの粘度を有する、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記拡張可能部分を前記被覆溶液中に浸漬する前に、前記拡張可能部分を拡張させるステップをさらに含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 疎水性治療剤と、第1の低級アルコールと、アセトンとを含む第1の溶液を調製するステップと、
第2の低級アルコールと、ヨウ素と、前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーとを含む第2の溶液を調製するステップと、
前記第1及び第2の溶液を混合して被覆溶液を形成するステップと、
医療用使い捨て装置の拡張可能構造を前記被覆溶液中で浸漬被覆するステップと
をさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記第2の溶液を調製するステップが、前記ヨウ素を前記第2の低級アルコール中に溶解させるステップと、その後前記両親媒性ポリマー又はコポリマーを加えるステップとを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の低級アルコールがエタノールを含み、前記第2の低級アルコールが2−プロパノールを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記治療剤がパクリタキセルである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記浸漬被覆するステップの前に、前記医療用使い捨て装置の前記拡張可能構造をアルゴンプラズマ中で処理するステップをさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記浸漬被覆するステップが、前記医療用使い捨て装置の前記拡張可能構造を前記被覆溶液から0.05〜0.4インチ/分の速度で取り出すステップを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
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CN102149408B (zh) | 2013-11-13 |
WO2010030995A2 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
CA2736500A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
CN102149408A (zh) | 2011-08-10 |
US9198968B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
US20160058916A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
JP2015126922A (ja) | 2015-07-09 |
WO2010030995A8 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
NZ591719A (en) | 2012-10-26 |
US20100068170A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
CA2736500C (en) | 2016-11-08 |
JP2017080525A (ja) | 2017-05-18 |
EP2337584A2 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
AU2009291552A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
JP2012502690A (ja) | 2012-02-02 |
EP2337584B1 (en) | 2023-03-08 |
WO2010030995A3 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
AU2009291552B2 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
US10046093B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
AU2009291552A8 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
CA2942795A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
HK1160783A1 (en) | 2012-08-17 |
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