JP5688133B2 - Lingo−1、lingo−2、lingo−3及びlingo−4リガンドの同定のためのツール、及びその使用 - Google Patents
Lingo−1、lingo−2、lingo−3及びlingo−4リガンドの同定のためのツール、及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5688133B2 JP5688133B2 JP2013501921A JP2013501921A JP5688133B2 JP 5688133 B2 JP5688133 B2 JP 5688133B2 JP 2013501921 A JP2013501921 A JP 2013501921A JP 2013501921 A JP2013501921 A JP 2013501921A JP 5688133 B2 JP5688133 B2 JP 5688133B2
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Description
a)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体及び検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブによって形成されるカップリング生成物を含むシステム、及び候補分子をインキュベートする工程、
b)プローブの少なくとも1つによって放出される斯かるシグナルの変更を検出するとともに、シグナルの斯かる変更によりカップリング生成物の少なくとも1つへの候補分子の結合を明らかにする工程、
を含む。
本発明の第一の対象は、
a)上述の、Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に変更される検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブを含む第一のカップリング生成物、
b)上述の、Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に変更される検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブを含む第二のカップリング生成物、
を含むシステムであると共に、第一のカップリング生成物及び第二のカップリング生成物が二量体を形成し、単量体間の相互作用における変化がシグナル変化を生じるシステムに関する。
a)上述のシステム及び候補分子をインキュベートする工程であって、システムが:
(i)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び斯かる単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に変化する検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブ、を含む第一のカップリング生成物、
(ii)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び斯かる単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に変化する検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブ、を含む第二のカップリング生成物、
を含む工程、
b)プローブの少なくとも1つによって放出されるシグナルを検出する工程、
を含むとともに、シグナルが候補分子のカップリング生成物の少なくとも1つへの結合を明らかにする、方法に関する。
1. 細胞
HEK-293(ヒト胚腎臓線維芽細胞、ATCC CRL-1573)及びSH-SY5Y(ヒト神経芽細胞腫、ATCC CRL-2266)細胞株を、ウシ胎仔血清(10%、BioWest、France)、ペニシリン(100 U/ml、Eurobio)、ストレプトマイシン(100 μg/ml、Eurobio、France)及びL-グルタミン(2 mM、Eurobio)を追加したDMEM培地(Dulbecco's修正イーグル培地)中に培養する。一次ニューロン培養物を、E18(胎生期18日)にラット胚の皮質から調製する。ニューロンを、B27(特に、d-ビオチン、ウシ血清アルブミン、脂肪酸不含有、カタラーゼ、L-カルニチンHCl、コルチコステロン、エタノールアミンHCl、D-ガラクトース、グルタチオン、インスリン、リノール酸、リノレン酸、プロゲステロン、プトレシン2HCl、亜セレン酸ナトリウム、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ、T-3/アルブミン、DL-αトコフェロール、DL-αトコフェロール酢酸、トランスフェリン、ビタミンA酢酸、Gibco(商標登録)から構成される)、ペニシリン(100 U/ml)及びストレプトマイシン(100 μg/ml)を追加した、Neurobasal(登録商標)(Gibco(商標登録)、Invitrogen)、グリシン、L-アラニン、L-アルギニン塩酸塩、L-アスパラギン-H2O、L-システイン、L-ヒスチジン塩酸塩-H2O、L-イソロイシン、L-ロイシン、L-リジン塩酸塩、L-メチオニン、L-フェニルアラニン、L-プロリン、L-セリン、L-スレオニン、L-トリプトファン、L-チロシン、L-バリン、塩化コリン、D-パントテン酸カルシウム、葉酸、ナイアシンアミド、ピリドキシン塩酸塩、リボフラビン、チアミン塩酸塩、ビタミンB12、i-イノシトール、塩化カルシウム、硝酸第二鉄、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸一ナトリウム、硫酸亜鉛、HEPES、フェノールレッドから成る)中で培養する。細胞を、37°C、加湿雰囲気下で、5% CO2でインキュベーター中で培養する。
Lingo-1-HA: ヒトLingo-1タンパク質をコードする配列(620個のアミノ酸、受入番号NP 116197)及びそれに続く赤血球凝集素タグ(HA)を、PCR(「ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応」)によって増幅した。得られた断片を、pcDNA3プラスミド(Invitrogen)に導入した。Lingo-1-HAプラスミドは、配列番号19の配列を有する。
ウエスタンブロット及び免疫共沈降実験(図1)のために、形質移入脂質: リポフェクタミン(登録商標)LTX(Invitrogen(登録商標))を使用してHEK-293細胞に形質移入する。
化学架橋化を行う場合、溶解前に生細胞上で行う。細胞をPBSでリンスした後、細胞をDSP(Lomant’s Reagent、ジチオビス[スクシンイミジルプロピオナート]、Cat No. 22585、Thermo Scientific)(160 μg/ml、HBSS緩衝液中に希釈)で10分間環境温度でインキュベートする。PBS(「リン酸緩衝生理食塩水」)での3回のリンス後に、細胞を溶解する。溶解は氷上で行う。冷PBSでの3回のリンス後に、細胞を溶解緩衝液(50 mMトリス/HCl、pH 7.5、実験に応じて0.5〜1%のトリトン X100、100 mM NaCl、50 mM NaF、5 mM EDTA、アプロチニンの10 μg/ml、10 mMピロリン酸ナトリウム)中で10分間インキュベートし、プロテアーゼとホスファターゼ抑制剤との混合物をそれに添加する。続いてスクレーパーを使用して細胞を回収し、遠心分離する(22 000 g、4°Cで15分間)。上清を-20°Cで保存し、ゲルに負荷する又は免疫共沈降実験のために直接使用する。これを行うために、細胞可溶化液の定量を抗HA抗体に結合されたアガロースのビーズ(ビーズ40 μl、EZview、Sigma)で4°Cで回転させながら一晩インキュベートする。溶解緩衝液での5回の連続洗浄後に、40 μlの4X Laemmli緩衝液(200 mM トリス、pH 6.8、4% SDS、40% グリセロール、0.5 mM β-メルカプトエタノール、0.02% ブロモフェノールブルー)を添加することによって免疫沈降物を回収する。細胞可溶化液及び免疫沈降物を、続いて8%アクリルアミドゲルに変性且つ還元条件下で負荷する。トリス/グリシン泳動緩衝液中で電気泳動を行い、続いてタンパク質をPVDF Hybond-P細胞膜(Amersham Biosciences)上に移動させる。TBS-T(0.1% Tween 20)-5% スキムミルクの溶液中で細胞膜を1時間飽和させる。一次抗体: 抗Lingo(Lingo-1配列のアミノ酸40〜556に対する抗体; 受入番号AAH11057、Cat No. AF3086、R&Dシステム)を1/1000thで、抗HA(Roche、ラット)を1/5000thで、Living Colors(商標登録)抗体(Clontech)を1/5000thで、環境温度で同一溶液中で2時間インキュベートする。TBS-T(トリス緩衝液生理食塩水- 0.1% Tween 20)中で数回洗浄後に、1/33 000th希釈の過酸化酵素に結合された対応の二次抗体で細胞膜をTBS-T(0.1% Tween 20)-5%スキムミルク中で1時間インキュベートする。再度、数回の洗浄後、細胞膜を基質(SuperSignal West Dura、Pierce)で5分間インキュベートした後、フィルム(CL-Xposure、Amersham Biosciences)上に曝露する。
形質移入後に生理的緩衝液(Hankの緩衝塩類溶液用HBSS(Cat No. 14025100、Gibco、特に塩化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、塩化カリウム、リン酸二水素カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、無水リン酸水素ナトリウムから構成される))中で48時間細胞を再懸濁し、96ウェルプレート(ウェルあたり100 000〜200 000個の細胞)又は384ウェルプレート(ウェルあたり20 000〜40 000 細胞)中に分配する。蛍光及び発光の読み取りを、マイクロプレートリーダー、Mithras LB 940(Berthold)上で環境温度で行う。Lingo-1-eYFP、Lingo-2-eYFP、Lingo-3-eYFP又はLingo-4-eYFPコンストラクトの形質移入由来の収率を、480 nmでの励起後に530-540 nmで発光されたeYFPの蛍光の読み取りによって評価する。Lingo-1-RLuc、Lingo-2-RLuc、Lingo-3-RLuc又はLingo-4-RLucコンストラクトの形質移入由来の収率を、セレンテラジン基質(5 μM)の添加の直後に得られた発光の読み取りによって(1 秒)評価する。
ディッシュ(10 cm 直径)で培養したHEK-293細胞に、BRETmaxの約50-60%を達成するためにLingo-1-RLuc(250 ng)及びLingo-1-YFP(1500 ng)を形質移入した。形質移入後に48時間生理的緩衝液(HBSS)で細胞を再懸濁し、96ウェルプレート中の80 μlに分配した(ウェルあたり100 000〜200 000細胞)。
我々の方法によって同定された斯かる分子の効果の特異性を、β2アドレナリン受容体の二量体の形成から生じているBRETシグナルに基づいて評価した(カウンタースクリーニング試験)。
1/ Lingo-1はHEK-293細胞において二量体を形成する。
HEK-293細胞にまず始めに、HAでタグをつけたLingo-1タンパク質及び蛍光タンパク質、YFPでタグをつけたLingo-1の発現を可能にする、2つのプラスミドを同時形質移入した。免疫共沈降実験から、HAのタグをつけたLingo-1タンパク質が抗HA抗体に結合されたアガロースビーズで免疫沈降される場合(図1a)、YFP-タグをつけたLingo-1タンパク質が免疫共沈降されることが示された(図1b)。これらの結果は、今回初めて、Lingo-1がインビボ(in vivo)で二量体を形成したことを示す。これらの結果はまた、Lingo-1の全細胞及び細胞膜形態は、HEK-293細胞で二量体の形成が可能であることを初めて示す。
抗Lingo-1抗体の確認後(図2)、培養下の皮質ニューロンにおける二量体の存在を試験した(図3a)。溶解中に使用される特定の界面活性剤がタンパク質凝集の形成を誘発し、二量体の人工形成を生じることができる場合、細胞の溶解前の化学架橋形成の効果を試験した(図3b)。
HEK-293又はSHSY-5Y細胞に、固定濃度のドナー(100 ngのLingo-1-RLucプラスミド)及び増加濃度のアクセプター、Lingo-1-YFP又はYFP蛍光タンパク質単独(50 ng〜4000 ngのプラスミド)を形質移入した。生細胞上での形質移入の48時間後に、古フィルター及び新フィルターのセットを使用してBRET測定を行った。
HEK-293細胞に、HAでタグをつけたLingo-1-RLucとLingo-1-YFPとの融合タンパク質(ドナー/アクセプター比は、一定のままである)及び増加濃度の全Lingo-1タンパク質(Lingo-1-HA、アミノ酸1〜620)又はそのドミナントネガティブ(DN-HA、アミノ酸1-577)を形質移入した。生細胞上での形質移入後に、BRET測定を48時間行った。HAのタグをつけたコンストラクトは、Lingo-1-RLucとLingo-1-YFPとの間で得られるBRETシグナルを有意に減少した(p < 0.001 vs 対照、ANOVA、NewMan Keuls)。結果は、図5に示す。
HEK-293細胞に、固定濃度のドナー(100 ngのLingo-1-RLuc、Lingo-2-RLuc又はLingo-3-RLuc又はLingo-4-RLucプラスミド)及び増加濃度のアクセプター、Lingo-2-YFP又はLingo-3-YFP又はLingo-4-YFP(50 ng〜4000 ngのプラスミド)を形質移入した。96ウェル及び384ウェルプレートにおける生細胞上での形質移入の48 時間後に、BRET測定を行った。
高/中ハイスループットBRET測定の再現性を確実にするために、Lingo-1-RLuc又はLingo-1-YFPを発現しているHEK-293細胞の安定株を成長させた。
本発明の同定方法の確認
HEK-293細胞に、固定濃度のLingo-1-RLuc(250 ng)及びLingo-1-YFP (1500 ng)を形質移入し、BRETmaxの約50-60%を達成した。96ウェルプレートの生細胞上で、形質移入の48 時間後に、新フィルターのセットを使用して、増加濃度のHAのタグをつけた周知のLingo-1抑制剤(0、200、400、800、1600及び2600 ngのDN-Lingo-1-HA)又はLingo-1と相互作用しないHAのタグをつけた神経タンパク質(0、200、400、800、1600及び2600 ngのLarp6-HA)の存在下で、BRET測定を行った。
HEK-293細胞に、固定濃度のLingo-1-RLuc(250 ng)及びLingo-1-YFP(1500 ng)を形質移入し、BRETmaxの約 50-60%を達成した。96ウェルプレートの生細胞上での形質移入の48 時間後に、固定濃度のリガンド(最終濃度20 μM のBDNF、N2、Fsk、pDBU)又はB27(50x B27、Gibco、参照17-504-044、10 μlの純粋溶液)の溶液の存在下で、新フィルターのセットを使用したBRET測定を行った。それらは、Lingo-1-RLucとLingo-1-YFPのタンパク質との間で得られるBRETシグナルの変更が可能である。
B27の特異性をカウンタースクリーニング試験(β2-アドレナリン受容体、β2ARの二量体化から生じているシグナルの試験)において評価した(この二量体化はAngers等によって以前に記載されている[14])。
Claims (6)
- a)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブを含む、第一のカップリング生成物、並びに
b)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブを含む、第二のカップリング生成物、
を含む組成物であって、
上記プローブのいずれか一方がドナーであり、他方がアクセプターであり、第一のカップリング生成物と第二のカップリング生成物とが、単量体間の相互作用によって二量体を形成し、該単量体間の相互作用の変化によって上記シグナルが放出される、組成物。 - 前記アクセプターが、GFP(緑色蛍光タンパク質)、YFP(黄色蛍光タンパク質)、増強黄色蛍光タンパク質(eYFP)、eGFP、GFP2、GFP10、RGFP(ウミシイタケ(Renilla)緑色蛍光タンパク質)、YPetから選択される蛍光タンパク質である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ドナーが、ウミシイタケルシフェラーゼ、RLuc8、ホタルルシフェラーゼ、ガウシアンルシフェラーゼ又はエクオリンから選択されるルシフェラーゼである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用であって、Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質のリガンドを同定するための、使用。
- Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質のリガンドを同定するための方法であって、
a)請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物及び上記リガンドの候補分子をインキュベートする工程であって、組成物が、
(i)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブ、を含む第一のカップリング生成物、並びに
(ii)Lingo-1、Lingo-2、Lingo-3及びLingo-4から選択されるタンパク質の単量体、及び単量体が立体構造変化を受ける場合に検出可能なシグナルの放出が可能なプローブ、を含む第二のカップリング生成物、
を含む工程、
b)第一のカップリング生成物に含まれるプローブ及び第二のカップリング生成物に含まれるプローブの少なくとも1つによって放出されるシグナルの変化を検出する工程であって、プローブのいずれか一方がドナーであり、他方がアクセプターであり、シグナルの変化が、少なくとも1つのカップリング生成物への候補分子の結合を示す工程、並びに
c)上記変化の検出によって、上記候補分子がタンパク質のリガンドであると同定される工程、
を含む、方法。 - ハイスループットなスクリーニング系が、工程b)で使用される、請求項5に記載の方法。
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