JP5666610B2 - アンモニアおよびcosの除去により高温合成ガス流を処理して化学的生成物に変換する方法 - Google Patents
アンモニアおよびcosの除去により高温合成ガス流を処理して化学的生成物に変換する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/102—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids containing free acid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/52—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/308—Carbonoxysulfide COS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/406—Ammonia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/408—Cyanides, e.g. hydrogen cyanide (HCH)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/048—Composition of the impurity the impurity being an organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0485—Composition of the impurity the impurity being a sulfur compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
この出願の発明に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、以下のものがある(国際出願日以降国際段階で引用された文献及び他国に国内移行した際に引用された文献を含む)。
(先行技術文献)
(特許文献)
(特許文献1) 米国特許第7258848号明細書
(特許文献2) 米国特許第6107353号明細書
(特許文献3) 国際公開第2009/114127号
(特許文献4) 米国特許第4189307号明細書
(特許文献5) 国際公開第96/30110号
(特許文献6) 米国特許第6340581号明細書
(特許文献7) 米国特許第6136577号明細書
(特許文献8) 米国特許第7285402号明細書
(特許文献9) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0215139号明細書
(特許文献10) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0215163号明細書
(特許文献11) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0305540号明細書
(特許文献12) 米国特許第5976868号明細書
(特許文献13) 米国特許第5705072号明細書
(特許文献14) 米国特許第7655205号明細書
(特許文献15) 国際公開第2008/154301号
(特許文献16) 特開昭57―209695号公報
(特許文献17) 米国特許第4189307号明細書
(特許文献18) 米国特許第6998098号明細書
(非特許文献)
(非特許文献1) CLAUSEN,E.C.,ET AL.,"Ethanol From Biomass By Gasification/Fermentation",Presented at Plastics,Tires,Auto Wastes/Biomass MSW Symposium,Fall 1993,Chicago,38(3).
(非特許文献2) KLASSON,K.T.,ET AL.,"Biological Production of Liquid and Gaseous Fuels from Synthesis Gas,"Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.,Vol 24−25,No.1,March 1990,857−873.
(非特許文献3) VEGA,J.L.,ET AL.,"The Biological Production of Ethanol from Synthesis Gas,"Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.Vol.20−21,No.1,January 1989,781−797.
(非特許文献4) PHILLIPS,JOHN R.,ET AL.,"Synthesis Gas as Substrate for the Biological Production of Fuels and Chemicals,"Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.Vol.45−46,No.1,March 1994,145−157.
(非特許文献5) BARIK,S.,ET AL.,"Biological Production of Alcohols from Coal Through Indirect Liquefaction,"Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol.Vol 18,No.1,August 1988,363−387.
Claims (13)
- 高温合成ガス流から粒子状物質とアンモニアとCOSとを除去することにより当該高温合成ガス流を処理して化学的生成物に変換する方法であって、
前記高温合成ガス流をスクラバーに送る工程と、
パージ水を有する酸性溶液をスクラバー循環水に加える工程であって、前記スクラバー循環水のpH値を8.0未満に保つものである、前記加える工程と、
前記スクラバー循環水中のアンモニアと、COSと、粒子状物質とを捕捉し、前記高温合成ガス流から前記スクラバー循環水へ水を凝縮させる工程と、
前記スクラバーから吸収されたCOSとアンモニアと粒子状物質とを含有するスクラバー廃水流出液を前記スクラバーから回収し、無酸素流出液流を生じるために前記スクラバー廃水流出液流の少なくとも一部を無酸素生物学的処理工程に通す工程であって、
前記無酸素流出液流の少なくとも一部は、好気性生物学的処理工程を経るものであり、
生物学的に処理された廃水流は前記好気性生物学的処理工程から回収されるものであり、
前記生物学的に処理された廃水流の一部は、リサイクルされて前記無酸素生物学的処理工程に戻されるものである、前記通す工程と、
COSとアンモニアと粒子状物質との含有濃度が低下した処理済み合成ガス流を前記スクラバーから回収する工程と
を有する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、前記高温合成ガス流は分離装置へ送られ、前記スクラバーへ送られる前に前記粒子状物質の大半が除去されるものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記酸性溶液は、前記処理済み高温合成ガス流を化学的生成物に変換する工程からのパージ水を含有し、前記処理済み高温合成ガス流を化学製品に変換する工程は、発酵工程であり、前記パージ水は、酢酸および水を含有するものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記酸性溶液は酢酸を含有し、当該酸性溶液は、前記アンモニアガスを十分捕捉できるよう前記スクラバーのpH値を十分低減して前記スクラバーの効率を十分高められる量だけ、前記スクラバー循環水に加えられるものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記好気性生物学的処理工程から前記無酸素生物学的処理工程へリサイクルされる前記生物学的に処理された廃水の量は、所定の流出液中硝酸塩濃度を保つよう調整され、前記無酸素生物学的処理工程は、6.0〜9.0のpH値範囲で保たれるものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記高温合成ガス流はHCNを含み、前記スクラバーからの前記処理済み合成ガス流の流出流の少なくとも一部は、HCNスクラバーへ送られ、HCN洗浄水流出液の少なくとも一部は、前記無酸素生物学的処理工程へ送られることにより、HCNが除去されるものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記パージ水の少なくとも一部を生成する過程は発酵過程を有するものであり、前記スクラバーからの前記処理済み合成ガス流の流出流の少なくとも一部は前記発酵過程の発酵ゾーンに入って、前記処理済み合成ガスが水性培養液中の嫌気性微生物に接触して溶解性化学的生成物に変換され、前記酸性溶液は、前記水性培養液の一部を含有するものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記廃水流出液流はアンモニウムを含み、前記スクラバー廃水流出液流の少なくとも一部は、前記生物学的処理ゾーン内の無酸素生物学的処理工程へ送られて、アンモニアから生成された硝酸塩の一部が変換され、アンモニウムが窒素ガスに変換され、またCOSの少なくとも一部が主にCO2およびH2Sに変換されて、無酸素流出液流を生成し、前記無酸素流出液流の少なくとも一部は、前記生物学的処理ゾーン内の好気性生物学的処理工程へ送られて、アンモニウムが硝酸塩へと硝化され、前記生物学的に処理された廃水流は、前記好気性生物学的処理工程から回収され、前記生物学的に処理された廃水流の一部は、リサイクルされて前記無酸素生物学的処理工程に戻されるものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記高温合成ガス流はHCNを含み、前記処理済み合成ガス流の流出流の少なくとも一部は、HCNスクラバーへ送られてHCN洗浄水流と接触し、HCN洗浄水流出液の少なくとも一部は、前記生物学的処理ゾーン内の前記無酸素生物学的処理工程へ送られ、そこで前記好気性生物学的処理工程の微生物に無害な化合物へとHCNが変換されるものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記パージ水は、微生物の細胞を成長させ、前記無酸素生物学的処理工程で硝酸塩をN2ガスに還元する上で十分な炭素をもたらす酢酸を含有するものである方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記生物学的に処理された廃水流出液流の少なくとも一部は、前記HCNスクラバーへ送られて前記HCN洗浄水流に接触するものである方法。
- 請求項11記載の方法において、前記HCN洗浄水流出液の少なくとも一部は、HCN除去システムへ送られ、HCNの少なくとも一部が除去されてHCN除去システム流出液を生じ、そのHCN除去システム流出液の少なくとも一部は、前記HCNスクラバーへ戻されるものである方法。
- 請求項12記載の方法において、HCN処理済み合成ガス流の流出流の少なくとも一部は、発酵システムへ送られて、合成ガスが水性培養液中の嫌気性微生物に接触してエタノールおよび他の液体生成物に変換され、前記酸性洗浄液は、前記水性培養液の少なくとも一部を含有するものである方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/606,469 | 2009-10-27 | ||
US12/606,469 US7927513B1 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2009-10-27 | Method of treating a hot syngas stream for conversion to chemical products by removing ammonia and COS |
PCT/US2010/052429 WO2011056368A2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-13 | Method of treating a hot syngas stream for conversion to chemical products by removing ammonia and cos |
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JP2013508531A JP2013508531A (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
JP2013508531A5 JP2013508531A5 (ja) | 2013-12-05 |
JP5666610B2 true JP5666610B2 (ja) | 2015-02-12 |
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US (1) | US7927513B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2477729A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5666610B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120109488A (ja) |
CN (2) | CN104971604A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010315756B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112012009830A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2778932A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011056368A2 (ja) |
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BRPI0909841B1 (pt) * | 2008-03-10 | 2019-02-05 | Ineos Bio Sa | métodos de sustentação e de prevenção de perda rápida de cultura de microorganismos em reator de fermentação de singás em concentração diminuída ou ausência de vários substratos |
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- 2010-10-13 CN CN201510295904.6A patent/CN104971604A/zh active Pending
- 2010-10-13 CA CA2778932A patent/CA2778932A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-13 KR KR1020127013763A patent/KR20120109488A/ko unknown
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US7927513B1 (en) | 2011-04-19 |
JP2013508531A (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
EP2477729A4 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
AU2010315756A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
US20110095234A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
CN102665872B (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
EP2477729A2 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
CA2778932A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
AU2010315756B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
WO2011056368A3 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
CN102665872A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
BR112012009830A2 (pt) | 2016-11-22 |
CN104971604A (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
WO2011056368A2 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
KR20120109488A (ko) | 2012-10-08 |
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