JP5657836B2 - ダイヤモンドセンサ、検出器及び量子装置 - Google Patents
ダイヤモンドセンサ、検出器及び量子装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(i)コヒーレンス時間が極めて長いことによりそのスピン状態を高い中実度でコヒーレント的に操作できる(これは、横緩和時間T2を用いて定量化できると共に比較できる)。
(ii)その電子構造体により、欠陥を光学的に電子基底状態に光学的にポンピングすることができ、それによりかかる欠陥を非極低温であっても特定の電子スピン状態に置くことができる。これは、小型化が望ましい或る特定の用途について高価且つ嵩張った極低温冷却装置の必要性をなくすことができる。さらに、欠陥は、全てが同一のスピン状態を有するフォトンの源として機能することができる。
(iii)その電子構造体は、欠陥の電子スピン状態をフォトンを介して読み取ることができる発光性及び非発光性電子スピン状態を有する。これは、検知用途、例えば磁力計、スピン共鳴分光及びイメージングに用いられる合成ダイヤモンド材料から情報を読み取る上で好都合である。さらに、これは、長距離量子通信及びスケール変更可能な量子コンピュータ計算のための量子ビット又はキュービット(qubit)としてNV-欠陥を用いる方向に向かう重要な要素である。かかる結果として、NV-欠陥は、ソリッドステート量子情報処理(QIP)に関する競合的候補になっている。
100nm〜50μmの厚さと、
0.1ppb(十億部あたりの部)を超える量子スピン欠陥濃度と、
200ppm(百万部当たりの部)未満の量子スピン欠陥以外の点欠陥濃度とを有し、
合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板の少なくとも1つの主要フェースは、ゼロ核スピン及び/又はゼロ電子スピンを有する表面末端化学種を含むことを特徴とする合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板が提供される。
0.1ppb(十億部あたりの部)を超える量子スピン欠陥濃度及び200ppm(百万部当たりの部)未満の量子スピン欠陥以外の点欠陥濃度を有する合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料を用意するステップと、
合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料を加工して厚さが100nm〜50μmの薄板を形成するステップと、
合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板を処理して合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板の少なくとも1つの主要フェースがゼロ核スピン及び/又はゼロ電子スピンを有する表面末端化学種を含むようにするステップとを含むことを特徴とする方法が提供される。
(1)5×10-5以下、1×10-5以下、5×10-6以下又は1×10-6以下の前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板に垂直な方向における複屈折、
(2)400/cm2以下、300/cm2以下、200/cm2以下又は100/cm2以下のX線トポグラフィにより特徴付けられた拡張欠陥の密度、
(3)50秒角以下、20秒角以下、10秒角以下、7秒角以下、5秒角以下、3秒角以下、2秒角以下又は1.5秒角以下の(004)反射に関するFWHM(半値全幅)X線ロッキング曲線幅のうちの1つ又は2つ以上を有するのが良い。
Claims (15)
- 合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄い板であって、前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板は、
100nm〜50μmの厚さと、
100ppb(十億部あたりの部)以上の負に帯電した窒素空孔欠陥(NV - )と、
200ppm(百万部当たりの部)未満のNV - 欠陥以外の点欠陥濃度と、
10ppm以上の全窒素濃度と、
1ppm以下の全ての非窒素点欠陥の濃度とを有し、
合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板の少なくとも1つの主要フェースは、ゼロ核スピン及び/又はゼロ電子スピンを有する表面末端化学種を含み、
前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板中のNV - 欠陥の濃度とデコヒーレンス時間T 2 の積は、少なくとも0.1ppm・μsである、合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。 - 前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板の厚さは、500nm〜30μm、1μm〜20μm又は5μm〜10μmである、請求項1記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記NV - 欠陥の濃度は、1ppm以上、5ppm以上、10ppm以上又は30ppm以上である、請求項1又は2記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記NV - 欠陥の濃度は、200ppm以下、150ppm以下、100ppm以下又は50ppm以下である、請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記NV - 欠陥相互間の平均投影平面距離は、500nm以上、1μm以上、2μm以上、5μm以上、8μm以上、10μm以上、20μm以上又は50μm以上である、請求項1〜4のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記NV - 欠陥以外の点欠陥の濃度は、150ppm以下、100ppm以下、50ppm以下、20ppm以下、10ppm以下又は5ppm以下である、請求項1〜5のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 全窒素濃度は、20ppm以上、50ppm以上、100ppm以上、150ppm以上、200ppm以上、250ppm以上、300ppm以上、400ppm以上又は600ppm以上であり、全ての非窒素点欠陥の濃度は、これらのレベルの1/10以下、1/100以下又は1/1000以下である、請求項1〜6のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板は、以下の特性、即ち、
(1)5×10-5以下、1×10-5以下、5×10-6以下又は1×10-6以下の前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板に垂直な方向における複屈折、
(2)400/cm2以下、300/cm2以下、200/cm2以下又は100/cm2以下のX線トポグラフィにより特徴付けられた拡張欠陥の密度、
(3)50秒角以下、20秒角以下、10秒角以下、7秒角以下、5秒角以下、3秒角以下、2秒角以下又は1.5秒角以下の(004)反射に関するFWHM(半値全幅)X線ロッキング曲線幅のうちの1つ又は2つ以上を有し、
前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板に垂直な方向の複屈折は、5×10-5以下、1×10-5以下、5×10-6以下又は1×10-6以下である、請求項1〜7のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。 - 前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料は、合成HPHT単結晶ダイヤモンド材料である、請求項1〜8のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板の両方の主要フェースは、ゼロ核スピン及び/又はゼロ電子スピンを有する表面末端化学種を含む、請求項1〜9のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記表面末端化学種は、ゼロ核スピン及びゼロ電子スピンを有する、請求項1〜10のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記NV - 欠陥は、0.05ms以上、0.1ms以上、0.3ms以上、0.6ms以上、1ms以上、5ms以上又は15ms以上のデコヒーレンス時間T2を有し、対応のT2 *値は、400μs以下、200μs以下、150μs以下、100μs以下、75μs以下、50μs以下、20μs以下又は1μs以下である、請求項1〜11のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記NV - 欠陥の濃度とデコヒーレンス時間T2の積は、少なくとも1ppm・μs、少なくとも10ppm・μs、少なくとも20ppm・μs、少なくとも30ppm・μs、少なくとも50ppm・μs、少なくとも100ppm・μs、少なくとも200ppm・μs、少なくとも500ppm・μs、少なくとも1000ppm・μs又は少なくとも5000ppm・μsである、請求項1〜12のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板は、全体が請求項1〜13のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料で作られている、請求項1〜13のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板。
- 装置であって、
請求項1〜14のうちいずれか一に記載の合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料の薄板を含む装置コンポーネントと、
前記合成単結晶ダイヤモンド材料中の前記NV - 欠陥のうちの1つ又は2つ以上を光学的にポンピングする光源とを含む、装置。
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