JP5651753B2 - 液晶偏光格子を基板上に作る方法及び関連する装置 - Google Patents
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
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- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Description
Claims (27)
- ホログラフィックパターンを有する複屈折性マスクを用いてフォトリソグラフィによりある配向表面をパターン化して、前記ホログラフィックパターンに基づき前記配向表面に配向状態を作り出すステップと、
前記配向表面にある層を形成し、該層の局所的な光軸の方向が前記配向表面の配向状態により定められるようにするステップと
を含む、光学素子を製造する方法。 - 前記ホログラフィックパターンが空間的に変化する光軸を有するものである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フォトリソグラフィによる前記配向表面のパターン化が、完全なコヒーレントではない光を前記マスクに透過させて、前記マスクのホログラフィックパターンに基づいて前記配向表面の配向状態を作り出すことを含むものである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記光が、部分的にコヒーレントであることと、部分的に偏光であることとのいずれか又は両方である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記光が、インコヒーレントであることと、非偏光であることとのいずれか又は両方である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記マスクが前記光の波長帯につき半波長の位相遅延をもたらすものである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記配向状態が前記配向表面に沿って空間的に変化するものである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記配向状態が周期的である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記配向表面が、光重合性ポリマーを含んだ光配向層を有するものである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フォトリソグラフィによる前記配向表面のパターン化が、前記ホログラフィックパターンを有する前記マスクに、部分的にコヒーレント又はインコヒーレントである紫外線光を透過させ、前記マスクの空間的に変化する近接場の出力を前記光配向層に転移させて、前記光配向層に配向状態を作り出すことを含むものである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- コヒーレント光を用いてホログラフィにより配向層をパターン化して、パターンを定めるステップと、
前記配向層に複屈折性層を形成し、該複屈折性層の局所的な光軸の方向が前記パターンにより定められて、複屈折性マスクがホログラフィックパターンを有するものとなるようにするステップと
をさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記複屈折性層が液晶層を含むものである、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記液晶層が重合可能であり、該液晶層を重合させて前記複屈折性マスクがホログラフィックパターンを有するものとなるようにするステップをさらに含む請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記液晶層を重合させる前に該液晶層にキラルドーパントを添加するステップをさらに含む請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記層が液晶層を含むものである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記液晶層が非反応性を有する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記フォトリソグラフィによる前記配向表面のパターン化の前に、該配向表面を実質的に透明な基板に形成するステップをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フォトリソグラフィによる前記配向表面のパターン化の前に、該配向表面を反射性基板に形成するステップをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記配向表面が第1の配向表面であり、
透過性基板に第2の配向表面を形成するステップと、
前記複屈折性マスクを用いて前記第2の配向表面をフォトリソグラフィによりパターン化して、前記ホログラフィクパターンに基づいて前記第2の配向表面に配向状態を作り出すステップと、
前記反射性基板を前記透過性基板に隣接させて組み合わせ、前記第1の配向表面と前記第2の配向表面との間のギャップを形成するステップであって、前記層の形成が、前記液晶層の分子が前記第1の配向表面及び前記第2の配向表面の配向状態に基づいて配向されるように、前記第1の配向表面及び前記第2の配向表面の上に直接的に位置する前記ギャップに液晶層を形成することを含むものである、ステップと
をさらに含む請求項18に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の配向表面と前記第2の配向表面との間のギャップが、紫外線の波長帯内の光の約半波長の位相遅延の厚みである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- ホログラフィックパターンを有する複屈折性マスクを作るステップと、
基板の上に光配向層を形成するステップと、
完全なコヒーレントではない光を前記複屈折性マスクに透過させ、該マスクのホログラフィックパターンにより前記光配向層に配向状態を作り出すステップと、
前記光配向層に液晶層を形成し、該液晶層の分子が前記光配向層の配向状態に基づいて配向されるようにするステップと
を含む、光学素子を製造する方法。 - 前記ホログラフィックパターンが空間的に変化する光の出力をもたらすものである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記配向状態が前記配向表面に沿って空間的に変化するものである、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記配向状態が周期的である、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記光が、高々、部分的にコヒーレントであることと、部分的に偏光であることとのいずれか又は両方である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記光を前記マスクに透過させることが、部分的にコヒーレント又はインコヒーレントである紫外線光を前記マスクに透過させ、前記マスクの空間的に変化する近接場の出力を前記光配向層に転移させて、前記光配向層に配向状態を作り出すことを含むものである、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記複屈折性マスクを作るステップが、
コヒーレント光を用いてホログラフィにより配向層をパターン化して、前記ホログラフィックパターンを定めるステップと、
前記配向層に重合性液晶層を形成し、該重合性液晶層の分子が前記ホログラフィックパターンにより配向されるようにするステップと、
前記重合性液晶層を重合させて、前記複屈折性マスクが前記ホログラフィックパターンを有するものとなるようにするステップと
を含むものである、請求項21に記載の方法。
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