JP5645938B2 - Scr活性ゼオライト触媒の生産方法およびscr活性ゼオライト触媒 - Google Patents
Scr活性ゼオライト触媒の生産方法およびscr活性ゼオライト触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5645938B2 JP5645938B2 JP2012527217A JP2012527217A JP5645938B2 JP 5645938 B2 JP5645938 B2 JP 5645938B2 JP 2012527217 A JP2012527217 A JP 2012527217A JP 2012527217 A JP2012527217 A JP 2012527217A JP 5645938 B2 JP5645938 B2 JP 5645938B2
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- zeolite
- catalyst
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- ions
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 160
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 150
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 148
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 144
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 165
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000441 X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012713 reactive precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004435 EPR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000833 X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/072—Iron group metals or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/42—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/46—Iron group metals or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/7215—Zeolite Beta
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/084—Decomposition of carbon-containing compounds into carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/12—Oxidising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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- B01D2255/20738—Iron
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Description
がわかっている。さらなる適切なゼオライトは、フォージャサイト、フェリエライト、Y、ZSM−20、MCM−41、チャバザイトおよびSABOであることが発見された。ゼオライトの一般的命名法については、Kirk−Othmer,「Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology」,3rd ed.,Vol.15,John Wiley & Sons,New York,1981,p.640−669を参照されたい。ゼオライトの分類については、「Chemical Nomenclature and Formulation of Compositions of Synthetic And Natural Zeolites」 by R.M.Barrer,Pure Appl.Chem.51(1979),p.1091−1100という論文も参照されたい。個々のゼオライトの構造は、より具体的には、「Zeolite Atlas:Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types」,5th ed.,Ch.Baerlocher,W.M.Meier and D.H.Olson,Amsterdam,Elsevier(2001)からも得ることができる。
図1は、概略的流れ図によって、例示的実施形態に係るSCR活性ゼオライト触媒の生産を示す。第1のステップ1では、3重量%の割合で鉄を伴う粉体Feイオン交換型合成MFIゼオライト(Fe ion-exchanged synthetic MFI zeolite)を加工して、可塑性で自由流動性の組成物を得る。この目的で、粉体MFIゼオライトをガラス繊維と、同様に粉体ベーマイトと、混合し、セルロース、市販の可塑化剤および有機助剤としてのポリエチレンオキシドを添加しながら、5未満のpHを有する酸性水溶液中で加工して、可塑性で自由流動性の混合物を得る。可塑性混合物を次に押出し成形して、流路(channel)を介して浸透(permeate)され、丸い断面を有し、300cpsi(平方インチあたりのセル数)のセル密度を有する、ハニカム触媒体を得る。その後、触媒体を乾燥させる。非坦持触媒は、直径約2.5cm(1インチ)の接触部域および約7cmの流動長(flow length)を有する。
一変形形態において、熱処理3および4は共通の炉内で実施される。この場合、第1の熱処理3が完了した時点で、触媒体を400℃未満の温度まで冷却し、その後還元性炭化水素雰囲気を除去して、炉内に空気を入れる。その後直ちに第2の熱処理4を、実施例1aと類似の要領で一貫して行なう。
実施例1aに従って、可塑性で自由流動性の組成物を生産する。不活性支持体と同じ寸法で同じセル密度のコーディエライトで構成された触媒体を、可塑性組成物で被覆する。その後、被覆された支持体を、実施例1aに従ったさらなる方法ステップ3および4に付す。結果は、被覆触媒体5’である。
これとの比較のため、実施例1aの方法ステップ1に従って全く同じように生産されたゼオライト触媒を製造する。これを次に、500℃を超える温度で空気中で従来の技術によってか焼する。
実施例1aに従って、円形断面、300cpsiのセル密度、直径2.5cmの接触部域および約7cmの流動長を有する触媒体を、再度押出し加工する。しかしながらMFIタイプのゼオライトに代って、使用されるゼオライトはベータタイプのFeイオン交換型合成ゼオライトである。ベータタイプのゼオライトは、異なる特徴的3次元構造により、MFIタイプのゼオライトと異なっている。
2 か焼
3 第1の還元性熱処理
4 第2の酸化性熱処理
5 押出し加工された非坦持触媒
5’ 被覆された非坦持触媒
10 グラフ
12 NOx転換(NOx conversion)
14 温度
15 MFI触媒についての測定曲線1a
16 比較用触媒についての測定曲線2
17 ベータ触媒についての測定曲線3
Claims (17)
- SCR活性ゼオライト触媒を生産する方法において、
第1にFeイオン交換型ゼオライトが還元性炭化水素雰囲気中で300℃〜600℃の範囲内の第1の熱処理(3)に付され、これにより、前記Feイオンの酸化状態が低減されかつ/または前記ゼオライト上の前記Feイオンの分散度が増大され、その後、前記還元されたゼオライトは酸化性雰囲気中で300℃〜600℃の範囲内の第2の熱処理(4)に付され、これにより炭化水素残渣および/または炭素残渣が酸化的に除去され、前記ゼオライトは前記第1および第2の熱処理(3および4)の間にか焼されて(2)、触媒を提供し、
前記第1の熱処理(3)が、不活性雰囲気中で実施され、
(i)炭化水素が不活性雰囲気中に供給されるか、又は
(ii)前記ゼオライトが予め有機可塑化剤の添加により加工されて自由流動性組成物を提供し、前記有機可塑化剤は熱分解の結果として前記不活性ガス雰囲気中に炭化水素を放出すること
を特徴とする方法。 - 前記第1の熱処理(3)中に50分超の期間にわたり温度が500℃を超過することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ゼオライトが前記第1の熱処理(3)の終りで400℃未満の温度まで冷却させられることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記炭化水素雰囲気が1体積%未満の酸素を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記(i)において供給される炭化水素が、前記第1の熱処理(3)中に気体分解産物に転換される有機ポリマーおよび/またはバイオポリマーであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記供給される炭化水素が、ポリエチレン類、ポリグリコール類および/またはセルロースであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記(ii)において使用される可塑化剤がポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキシドおよび/またはセルロースであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記(ii)又は請求項7においてゼオライトが予め有機可塑化剤の添加により加工されて自由流動性組成物を提供し、前記自由流動性組成物が押出し加工されて非担持触媒(5)を提供し、前記第1の熱処理(3)が不活性ガス雰囲気中で実施され、前記有機可塑化剤は熱分解の結果として前記不活性ガス雰囲気中に炭化水素を放出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記(ii)又は請求項7においてゼオライトが予め有機可塑化剤の添加により加工されて自由流動性組成物を提供し、支持体(5’)が前記自由流動性組成物で被覆されており、前記第1の熱処理(3)が不活性ガス雰囲気中で実施され、前記有機可塑化剤は熱分解の結果として前記不活性ガス雰囲気中に炭化水素を放出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の熱処理(4)が空気中で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第1および第2の熱処理(3および4)が気体交換の直後に引き続き実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記使用されるゼオライトがベータまたはMFIタイプのゼオライトであることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ゼオライトが3〜7重量%の鉄を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 第1にFeイオン交換型ゼオライトが還元性炭化水素雰囲気中で300℃〜600℃の範囲内の第1の熱処理(3)に付され、これにより、前記Feイオンの酸化状態が低減されかつ/または前記ゼオライト上の前記Feイオンの分散度が増大され、その後、前記還元されたゼオライトは酸化性雰囲気中で300℃〜600℃の範囲内の第2の熱処理(4)に付され、これにより炭化水素残渣および/または炭素残渣が酸化的に除去され、前記ゼオライトは前記第1および第2の熱処理(3および4)の間にか焼されて(2)、触媒を提供し、
前記第1の熱処理(3)が、不活性雰囲気中で実施され、
(i)炭化水素が不活性雰囲気中に供給されるか、又は
(ii)前記ゼオライトが予め有機可塑化剤の添加により加工されて自由流動性組成物を提供し、前記有機可塑化剤は熱分解の結果として前記不活性ガス雰囲気中に炭化水素を放出すること
を特徴とする方法によって、調製されたSCR活性ゼオライト触媒。 - +3未満の酸化状態でかつ/またはUV−VIS吸収のピークが400nm未満である、ゼオライト上にFeイオンが主として存在するFeイオン交換型ゼオライトを含む、か焼された触媒組成物を伴うSCR活性ゼオライト触媒において、前記Feイオンのさらに高い+3の酸化状態への転換および/またはその分散度の減少が阻止されていることを特徴とするSCR活性ゼオライト触媒。
- 前記存在するFeイオンの+3未満の酸化状態および/または前記UV−VIS吸収のピークが400nm未満である、薄黄色の基調色から始まる前記触媒組成物が、2時間にわたる空気流を用いた700℃〜900℃の熱処理の間にいかなる色変化も示さないことを特徴とする請求項15に記載のSCR活性ゼオライト触媒。
- 押出し加工された非担持触媒(5)の形または被覆された支持体(5’)の形をしていることを特徴とする請求項14〜16のいずれかに記載のSCR活性ゼオライト触媒。
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PCT/EP2010/005140 WO2011026573A1 (de) | 2009-09-05 | 2010-08-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines scr aktiven zeolith-katalysators sowie scr aktiver zeolith-katalysator |
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US20130136909A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-30 | John Christopher Mauro | Colored alkali aluminosilicate glass articles |
JP6664961B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-19 | 2020-03-13 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | 高温scr触媒としての8員環小孔分子ふるい |
CN104994954B (zh) * | 2013-02-18 | 2018-03-27 | 庄信万丰股份有限公司 | NOx捕集阱组合物 |
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BR112019001997B1 (pt) | 2016-08-05 | 2023-04-18 | Basf Corporation | Artigo de redução catalítica seletiva, sistemas de tratamento de gases de exaustão e método para tratar uma corrente de exaustão |
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RU2506999C2 (ru) | 2014-02-20 |
ZA201202429B (en) | 2012-12-27 |
JP2013503731A (ja) | 2013-02-04 |
MX2012002767A (es) | 2012-06-01 |
KR20120068890A (ko) | 2012-06-27 |
KR101791274B1 (ko) | 2017-10-27 |
MY161878A (en) | 2017-05-15 |
BR112012004819B1 (pt) | 2018-10-30 |
DE102009040352A1 (de) | 2011-03-17 |
US20120208692A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
WO2011026573A1 (de) | 2011-03-10 |
MX350347B (es) | 2017-09-04 |
EP2473276B1 (de) | 2018-12-19 |
RU2012110196A (ru) | 2013-10-10 |
BR112012004819A2 (pt) | 2016-03-15 |
CN102574115B (zh) | 2017-10-24 |
EP2473276A1 (de) | 2012-07-11 |
CN102574115A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US9550182B2 (en) | 2017-01-24 |
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