JP5631743B2 - 量子暗号装置 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0855—Quantum cryptography involving additional nodes, e.g. quantum relays, repeaters, intermediate nodes or remote nodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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Description
Claims (46)
- 量子鍵配送のための方法であって、量子交換ステップと、その後の鍵合意ステップとを含み、量子交換ステップでは、第1の量子ノードおよび第2の量子ノードが、それらの間の量子リンクを介して量子信号を交換し、第1の遠隔ノードが、第1のノードにより送信および/または検出された量子信号に関する情報を有するように、第1のノードが第1の遠隔ノードと通信し、第1の遠隔ノードが、その後の鍵合意ステップで第1の量子ノードの代理をする、方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードが、第1の量子ノードにより送信および/または検出された光子ごとの適用された符号化基底およびデータ値を知るように、第1の量子ノードと通信する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードが、第2の量子ノードと鍵合意ステップを実行する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第2の量子ノードの間にが直接の量子リンクがない、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードおよび第2の遠隔ノードが、鍵交換を相互に認証する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第2の量子ノードが、第2の量子ノードにより送信および/または受信された量子信号に関する情報を第2の遠隔ノードと通信し、鍵合意ステップが、第1の遠隔ノードと第2の遠隔ノードの間で実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第2の量子ノードの間の鍵合意ステップで合意された量子鍵を使用して、エンドツーエンド暗号化配列でこれらのノード間の通信を暗号化するステップを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の通信が暗号化される、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の通信が、それを第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の量子鍵配送により得られる量子鍵を使って暗号化することにより保護される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 従来の量子鍵配送により、第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の量子鍵を得る初期ステップをさらに含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 別の量子リンクに対して繰り返して反復される、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の量子ノードと第2の量子ノードの間には認証がない、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードが、チェーン内の各ノードと認証を行う、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 第1の量子ノードが、少なくとも1つの量子信号送信機および/または少なくとも1つの量子信号受信機を含む、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1の量子ノードが、量子信号を第2の量子ノードに送信するための量子送信機を含み、第2の量子ノードが、量子信号を第1の量子ノードから受信するための量子受信機を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の通信は、第1の量子ノードが、量子信号に適用された変調に関する情報を第1の遠隔ノードに送信するステップを含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の通信は、第1の遠隔ノードが、量子信号に適用される変調に関する情報を第1の量子ノードに送信するステップを含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 乱数のストリングを第1の遠隔ノードから第1の量子ノードに送信し、第1の量子ノードで乱数のストリングを使用して、送信される量子信号を決定するステップを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 第1の量子ノードにある量子送信機が、それに動作可能に接続される乱数発生器を有さない、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 乱数ストリングを第1の遠隔ノードから第1の量子ノードに送信し、送信された乱数ストリングを疑似乱数発生器のシードとして使用するステップを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間で合意された第1の量子鍵を使用して、第1の量子ノードと第2の量子ノードの間で送信される量子信号に適用される変調を決定するステップを含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 第1の量子鍵を疑似乱数発生器のシードとして使用するステップを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 第1の量子ノードが量子受信機を含み、第2の量子ノードが量子送信機を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 第1の遠隔ノードと第1の量子ノードの間の通信は、第1の量子ノードが、受信された量子信号に対して測定された変調に関する情報を第1の遠隔ノードに送信するステップを含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの中間QKD装置を介してエンドポイントQKD装置と直列にリンクされる制御QKD装置を含み、各QKD装置が、隣接QKD装置と量子信号を交換するように配列される少なくとも1つの量子送信機および/または量子受信機を有して、量子信号を直列の次のQKD装置に送信するように配列され、各中間QKD装置が、直列の次のQKD装置に送信されまたはそこから受信された、量子鍵を合意するのに要求される量子信号に関する全ての情報を制御QKD装置にある暗号ユニットと通信するための暗号ユニットを含み、制御QKD装置が、量子鍵を順次、直列の各QKD装置と合意するように配列される、直列量子鍵配送装置。
- エンドポイントQKD装置と合意された量子鍵を使用して、制御QKD装置とエンドポイントQKD装置の間の従来のエンドツーエンド通信を暗号化するように配列される、請求項25に記載の装置。
- QKD装置がすべて、標準的通信手段によりリンクされる、請求項25または26に記載の装置。
- 隣接QKD装置の量子リンク、および装置間の標準的通信リンクが、共通の媒体を介して運ばれる、請求項25から27のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 共通の媒体が、光ファイバケーブルである、請求項28に記載の装置。
- 従来の通信および量子信号が異なる波長を有する、請求項28または29に記載の装置。
- 各QKD装置が、少なくとも1つの量子送信機および/または量子受信機を有する、請求項25から30のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 各中間装置が、少なくとも1つの量子送信機および少なくとも1つの量子受信機を有する、請求項31に記載の装置。
- 量子送信機が、量子信号を直列の隣接QKD装置のうちの一方に送信し、かつもう一方の隣接QKD装置により送信される量子信号を受信するように配列される、請求項32に記載の装置。
- 各中間QKD装置が、量子信号を直列の前のQKD装置から受信し、かつ量子信号を直列の次のQKD装置に送信するように配列される、請求項25から33のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 各中間QKD装置が、暗号ユニットを介して制御QKD装置から送信される情報を使用して、送信される量子信号を変調するように配列される、請求項34に記載の装置。
- 制御QKD装置が、乱数を生成し、かつそれを中間QKD装置のうちの1つ以上に送信して、その中間QKD装置により送信される量子信号の変調のための基底として使用されるように配列される乱数発生器を含む、請求項35に記載の装置。
- 各中間QKD装置の量子送信機が乱数発生器を含まない、請求項36に記載の装置。
- 制御QKD装置も、少なくとも1つの中間装置も、同じ疑似乱数発生器を含む、請求項35から37のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 制御QKD装置が、シード乱数を生成し、暗号ユニットを介して関係する中間QKD装置にシード乱数を送信するように適合され、中間QKD装置が、シード乱数を疑似乱数発生器に渡すように配列される、請求項38に記載の装置。
- 量子信号送信機が、疑似乱数発生器の出力を量子信号の変調のために使用するように配列される、請求項39に記載の装置。
- 少なくとも1つの中間QKD装置を介してエンドポイントQKD装置と直列にリンクされる制御QKD装置を含み、各中間QKD装置が、量子信号を直列の次のQKD装置に送信するように配列される少なくとも1つの量子送信機と、量子信号を直列の前のQKD装置から受信するように配列される少なくとも1つの量子受信機とを含み、少なくとも1つの中間QKD装置が、直列の次のQKD装置に送信されまたはそこから受信された、量子鍵を合意するのに要求される量子信号に関する全ての情報を通信するための暗号ユニットを含み、制御QKD装置が、量子鍵を順次直列の各QKD装置と合意するように配列され、各中間QKD装置が、制御QKD装置と合意された前記量子鍵を使用して、直列の次のQKD装置に送信される量子信号に適用される変調を決定する、直列量子鍵配送装置。
- 各中間QKD装置が疑似乱数発生器を含み、制御QKD装置と合意された前記量子鍵を前記疑似乱数発生器のシードとして使用して、直列の次のQKD装置に送信される量子信号に適用される変調を決定するように適合される、請求項41に記載の装置。
- 次のQKD装置に送信されまたはそこから受信された、量子鍵を合意するのに要求される量子信号に関する全ての情報を通信するための暗号ユニットと、量子信号を直列の次のQKD装置に送信するように配列される量子信号送信機とを含み、量子信号送信機が、遠隔装置から受信されるデータに応答して量子信号を変調するように配列される、中間QKD装置。
- 暗号ユニットを含み、遠隔装置から受信されるデータが、暗号ユニットから出力されるデータである、請求項43に記載の中間QKD装置。
- 前記遠隔装置から受信される前記データが、前記遠隔装置と合意された量子鍵である、請求項43に記載の中間QKD装置。
- 遠隔装置から受信されるデータを拡張するように構成される疑似乱数発生器をさらに含み、量子送信機が、拡張されたデータを量子信号の変調に使用するように配列される、請求項43から45のいずれか一項に記載の中間QKD装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
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US2356408P | 2008-01-25 | 2008-01-25 | |
US61/023,564 | 2008-01-25 | ||
GB0801406A GB0801406D0 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2008-01-25 | Quantum cryptography apparatus |
GB0801406.0 | 2008-01-25 | ||
US7180108P | 2008-05-19 | 2008-05-19 | |
US61/071,801 | 2008-05-19 | ||
GB0809042.5 | 2008-05-19 | ||
GB0809042A GB0809042D0 (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-05-19 | Quantum cryptography apparatus |
PCT/GB2009/000189 WO2009093036A2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-01-23 | Quantum cryptography apparatus |
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JP2011510582A JP2011510582A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
JP5631743B2 true JP5631743B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
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US (1) | US8855316B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2245789B1 (ja) |
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US8855316B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 |
JP2011510582A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
WO2009093036A3 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
EP2245789B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
US20100293380A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
WO2009093036A2 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
EP2245789A2 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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