JP5616064B2 - 燃料電池の熱交換システム及び方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池の熱交換システム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
- F28F1/06—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular crimped or corrugated in cross-section
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
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- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Description
110 燃料電池スタックアセンブリ
120 熱交換システム
124 燃料電池熱回収/バーナオフガス凝縮用熱交換器
126 アノードオフガス凝縮用熱交換器
130 バーナ/改質ユニット
134 改質装置
136 水蒸気/燃料ガス混合器
138 改質装置熱交換器
139 水蒸気発生器
140 空気予熱ユニット
142 空気予熱器熱交換器
144 起動バーナ
150 凝縮水貯蔵タンク
160 凝縮用熱交換器及びバーナの一体化アセンブリ
172 送風機
174 パワーエレクトロニクス熱交換器
180 可制御空気側路弁
182 空気側路ライン
210 第1の流体路
212 第2の流体路
214 第3の流体路
216 第4の流体路
222 更なる熱交換素子
224 第2の熱交換素子
226 第1の熱交換素子
380/480 追加の熱交換素子
412 第2の流体路
418 第5の流体路
590 更なる追加の空冷熱交換器
610 チューブ(第1の流体路)
612 第2の流体路
614 第3の流体路
624 第2の熱交換素子
626 第1の熱交換素子
Claims (22)
- 分離したアノードオフガス及びカソードオフガスの流路を有する少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックから流出するオフガスの温度を変更する温度変更方法であって、
前記少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックからの分離したアノードオフガス及び少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体を第1の熱交換素子に通し、前記アノードオフガスと前記少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体との間で熱交換させる工程と、
分離したアノードオフガスを前記第1の熱交換素子からバーナに通す工程と、
前記少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックから流出する分離したカソードオフガスを前記バーナに通す工程と
を有し、更に
混合したアノードオフガス及びカソードオフガスを燃焼させてバーナオフガスを生ぜしめる工程と、
このバーナオフガスと前記少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体とを第2の熱交換素子に通して、バーナオフガスと前記少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体との間で熱交換を行わせる工程と、
分離したアノードオフガスを、前記第1の熱交換素子が受ける前に更なる熱交換素子に通し、この更なる熱交換素子が前記アノードオフガスと流体の流れとの間で熱交換させる工程と、
前記バーナオフガスを、前記第2の熱交換素子が受ける前に別の更なる熱交換素子に通し、この別の更なる熱交換素子が前記バーナオフガスと前記流体の流れとの間で熱交換させる工程と
を有する温度変更方法。 - 請求項1に記載の温度変更方法において、前記第1の熱交換素子によりアノードオフガスを冷却するとともに、前記少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体を加熱するようにする温度変更方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の温度変更方法において、前記第2の熱交換素子により前記バーナオフガスを冷却するとともに、前記少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体を加熱する温度変更方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、前記バーナオフガスからの凝縮体を前記第2の熱交換素子内で形成し、この第2の熱交換素子から流出させる温度変更方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、前記第2の熱交換素子が、前記第1の熱交換素子から流出された後の熱伝達流体を受ける温度変更方法。
- 請求項2に記載の、又は請求項2に従属する請求項3〜5のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、前記アノードオフガスからの凝縮体を前記第1の熱交換素子内で形成し、この第1の熱交換素子から流出させる温度変更方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、前記第1の熱交換素子が複数の熱伝達流体を受けるようにし、この温度変更方法が更に、これらの熱伝達流体への又はこれらの熱伝達流体への熱交換を最適にするようにこれらの熱伝達流体の各々の流速をそれぞれ独立に制御する工程を有する温度変更方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、前記更なる熱交換素子がアノードオフガスを冷却するとともに、前記流体の流れをあたためる温度変更方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、前記更なる熱交換素子中への流体の流れをカソード側の送給ガスの流れとし、続いてこのカソード側の送給ガスを前記少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックに入れ、カソードオフガスとして流出させる温度変更方法。
- 請求項4又は6に記載の、又は請求項4又は6に従属する請求項5、7〜9のいずれか一項に記載の温度変更方法において、凝縮水を再利用し、これを、燃料電池に入れる前に燃料を改質するのに用いる温度変更方法。
- アノードオフガス及びカソードオフガスをそれぞれ流すための分離した出口及び流路を有する少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックと、
前記少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックのアノードオフガスの出口から流出されるアノードオフガスを受けるように結合され、この少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックからのアノードオフガスと、少なくとも1種類の熱伝達流体との間で熱を交換する第1の熱交換素子と、
この第1の熱交換素子から流出するアノードオフガスと、前記少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックから流出するカソードオフガスとを受けて混合し、且つこの混合ガスを燃焼させてバーナオフガスを生ぜしめるように構成したバーナと
を具え、更に、
前記熱伝達流体と、前記バーナからのバーナオフガスとを受けるように結合された第2の熱交換素子であって、このバーナオフガスと前記熱伝達流体との間で熱を交換する当該第2の熱交換素子を具え、
前記少なくとも1つの燃料電池スタックのアノードオフガスの出口と、前記第1の熱交換素子との間に結合された更なる熱交換素子を具え、アノードオフガスが前記第1の熱交換素子に入る前にこのアノードオフガスの温度を低減させるようになっており、
前記バーナと、前記第2の熱交換素子との間に結合された別の更なる熱交換素子を具え、バーナオフガスが前記第2の熱交換素子に入る前にこのバーナオフガスと流体の流れとの間で熱交換させるようになっている
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項11に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第1の熱交換素子は、アノードオフガスを冷却するとともに、前記熱伝達流体を加熱するように構成されている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11又は12に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第1の熱交換素子は、前記バーナの動作温度を低減させるようになっている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第2の熱交換素子は、バーナオフガスを冷却するとともに、前記熱伝達流体を加熱するように構成されている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜14のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第2の熱交換素子は、凝縮用の熱交換器を具えている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜15のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記熱伝達流体の流路が、前記第1の熱交換素子と、これに続く前記第2の熱交換素子とによって規定され、前記熱伝達流体が前記第1の熱交換素子に入り、この第1の熱交換素子を通り、この第1の熱交換素子から流出するとともに、続いて前記第2の熱交換素子に入り、この第2の熱交換素子を通り、この第2の熱交換素子から流出するようになっている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜16のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第2の熱交換素子が、複数の種類の熱伝達流体を受けるようになっている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜17のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第1の熱交換素子が、凝縮用の熱交換器を有している燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜18のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第1の熱交換素子が、複数の種類の熱伝達流体を受けるようになっている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜19のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第1の熱交換素子と、前記更なる熱交換素子とが単一ユニットに一体化されている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項11〜20のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、前記第1の熱交換素子と、前記第2の熱交換素子とが単一ユニットに一体化されている燃料電池システム。
- 請求項15又は18に記載の、又は請求項15又は18に従属する請求項16、17及び19〜21のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、この燃料電池システムは、凝縮用の熱交換器からの水を再利用し、この水を燃料電池に入れる前に燃料を改質するために改質装置に供給するように構成されている燃料電池システム。
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- 2007-10-31 MX MX2009004491A patent/MX2009004491A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2007-10-31 KR KR1020097011013A patent/KR101437134B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-10-31 WO PCT/GB2007/004156 patent/WO2008053213A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-10-31 US US11/932,925 patent/US8062802B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2087547B1 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
CN102509808B (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
GB2456239A (en) | 2009-07-15 |
EP2087547A1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
GB0711108D0 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
WO2008053213A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
CN101589498B (zh) | 2014-03-26 |
KR20090089859A (ko) | 2009-08-24 |
CA2668007C (en) | 2014-12-30 |
BRPI0718070A2 (pt) | 2013-11-05 |
US8062802B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
CA2668007A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
HK1118386A1 (en) | 2009-02-06 |
GB2443492B8 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
ZA201303379B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
KR101437134B1 (ko) | 2014-09-02 |
US20080118800A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
WO2008053213A8 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
GB2456239B (en) | 2010-07-21 |
HK1132378A1 (en) | 2010-02-19 |
CN102509808A (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
MX2009004491A (es) | 2009-06-24 |
IL198389A0 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
GB2443492B (en) | 2009-04-08 |
CN101589498A (zh) | 2009-11-25 |
GB0621784D0 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
GB0902336D0 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
GB2443492A (en) | 2008-05-07 |
JP2010508633A (ja) | 2010-03-18 |
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