JP5592882B2 - ポリイソブチレンウレタン、尿素およびウレタン/尿素コポリマーならびにこれを含む医療機器 - Google Patents
ポリイソブチレンウレタン、尿素およびウレタン/尿素コポリマーならびにこれを含む医療機器 Download PDFInfo
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Description
患者の体内に移植または挿入するための医療機器においてポリマー材料を使用することは、現代医療活動において一般的である。例えば、シリコンゴム、ポリウレタン、ならびにフルオロポリマー、例えばポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、延伸PTFE(ePTFE)およびエチレンテトラフルオロエチレン(ETFE)などのポリマー材料を、メディカルリード(medical lead)用コーティング材料/絶縁体として使用して、機械的保護、電気絶縁性、または両者を得る。
本明細書で記載される様々なポリマーセグメントを、ポリオール(例えば、ジオール、トリオールなど)およびポリアミン(例えば、ジアミン、トリアミンなど)の形態で提供することによって、本発明のポリウレタン、ポリ尿素およびポリウレタン/ポリ尿素中に組み入れることができる。後に続く議論は一般的にポリオールの使用に基づくが、当然のことながら、ポリアミンおよびポリオール/ポリアミンの組み合わせを用いて、類似の方法を実施することができ、類似の組成物を作製することができる。
例えば、いくつかの実施形態において、有機修飾されたシリケートを、補助的薬剤としてのポリマー領域を形成するポリマーとブレンドする。このような薬剤は、水分の蛇行経路を形成し、これによって、この領域の水分透過性を減少させる働きをし得る。さらに、このようなシリケートは、物質の強度を維持し、弾性を増大させることができる。補助的薬剤は、さらに、アルミナ、銀ナノ粒子、およびシリケート/アルミナ/銀ナノ粒子複合体などの薬剤を含む。
例えば、本発明のポリイソブチレンウレタン、尿素、またはウレタン/尿素コポリマーが熱可塑性特性を有する場合、様々な標準的熱可塑性加工技術を用いて、これからポリマー領域を形成することができる。これらの技術を用いて、例えば、(a)(1つもしくは複数の)ポリマーおよび、シリケート、治療薬などの任意の他の薬剤を含む溶融物をまず提供し、(b)続いて溶融物を冷却することによって、ポリマー領域を形成することができる。熱可塑性加工技術の例としては、圧縮成形、射出成形、ブロー成形、スプレー、真空成形およびカレンダー成形、押し出して、シート、繊維、ロッド、チューブおよび様々な長さの他の断面形状にすること、ならびにこれらのプロセスの組み合わせが挙げられる。これらや他の熱可塑性加工技術を用いて、装置全体またはその部分を作製することができる。
ポリイソブチレンポリウレタン(PIBPU)の以下の調製法は、二重結合を有するポリイソブチレンジオール(アリルPIBジオール)の一段階バルク重合についての一般的手順の一例である。アリルPIBジオールは、例えば、WO2008/060333A1(Faustら)で記載されている次式であり得る
ポリイソブチレンジオール(PIBジオール)中の二重結合を有さないポリイソブチレンポリウレタン(PIBPU)の以下の調製法は、一段階バルク重合についての一般的手順の一例である。不飽和を有さないPIBジオールの使用は、例えば、紫外線、熱、酸化、腐食、酵素、および免疫原性因子によって起こる分解を最小限にするのが望ましい場合に好ましい。PIBジオールは、例えば次式
第1段階において、実施例1のものなどのアリルポリイソブチレンジオール(アリルPIBジオール)を化学量論的に過剰のMDIと混合して、プレポリマーを形成する。第2段階において、1,4−ブタンジオールを鎖延長剤として添加して、高分子量ポリウレタンを得る。代表的な手順を以下に記載する。
軟質セグメントとして異なる割合のPIBジオールおよびポリエーテルジオールの混合物を有するPIBPUを、二段階法において合成することができる。ポリウレタン硬質セグメントは、BDOおよびMDIによって形成される。この実施例における軟質セグメント中のポリオールの分布は、PIBジオール(75重量%)およびポリヘキサメチレンオキシドジオール(PHMOジオール)(25重量%)である。
PIBジオールおよびポリエーテルジオールの異なる割合の混合物を軟質セグメントとして有するPIBPUを次のようにして二段階法において合成することができる。ポリウレタン硬質セグメントをBDOおよびMDIによって形成する。この実施例における軟質セグメント中のポリオールの分布は、PIBジオール(80重量%)およびポリテトラメチレンオキシドジオール(PTMOジオール)(20重量%)である。
PIBジオールおよびポリエーテルジオールの異なる割合の混合物を軟質セグメントとして有するPIBPUを次のようにして二段階法において合成することができる。ポリウレタン硬質セグメントをBDOおよびMDIによって形成する。この実施例における軟質セグメント中のポリオールの分布は、PIBジオール(90重量%)およびPTMOジオール(10重量%)である。
ある実施形態において、本発明のポリイソブチレンウレタンコポリマーは、反応押出によって合成される。例えば、ポリイソブチレンジオール(PIBジオール)および1以上の任意のさらなるジオール、例えば1,4−ブタンジオール(BDO)および/またはポリエーテルジオール(例えば、ポリテトラメチレンオキシドジオール(PTMOジオール)および/またはポリヘキサメチレンオキシドジオール(PHMOジオール)、ならびに好適な触媒(例えば、Sn(Oct)2)の混合物を、好適な流量コントローラーを用いて二軸圧縮押出機中に供給することができる。この種の押出機は、例えば、US3,642,964(Rausch Jr.ら)およびUS6,627,724(Meijsら)に記載されている。メチレンビスフェニレンジイソシアネート(MDI)を、別の流量コントローラーを用いて別の供給源から押出機中に供給することができる。押出機を、重合プロセスを促進する温度で作動させる。PIBジオール、BDO、任意のポリエーテルジオール(例えば、PTMOジオールおよび/またはPHMOジオール)、Sn(Oct)2およびMDIの相対的供給量を変えて、様々なショア硬度、広範囲の物理的および機械的特性、ならびに多くの機能性能を有するポリウレタンを調製することができる。合成は、一段階法で、または多段階で実施することができる。
Claims (5)
- ポリマー領域を有する、移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器であって、
前記ポリマー領域は、ポリイソブチレンセグメントと、ジイソシアネートの残基を含むセグメントと、ポリエーテルジオールの残基を含むさらなるポリマーセグメントと、を含む、ポリイソブチレンウレタン、尿素またはウレタン/尿素コポリマーを含み、
ポリイソブチレンのさらなるポリマー対するモル比が、1.5:0.5〜0.5:1.5である、移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器。 - 前記さらなるポリマーセグメントが、ポリテトラメチレンオキシドジオールの残基を含む、請求項1に記載の移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器。
- 脂肪族ジオール、芳香族ジオール、脂肪族ジオールと芳香族ジオールとの組み合わせ、脂肪族ジアミン、芳香族ジアミン、および脂肪族ジアミンと芳香族ジアミンとの組み合わせから選択される鎖延長剤残基をさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載の移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器。
- 炭素原子の長さが1〜17個の範囲のアルキル、アルケニルまたはアルキニル鎖を含む末端基をさらに含む、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器。
- 前記移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器が、医療用導線である、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の移植可能または挿入可能な医療機器。
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US7632708P | 2008-06-27 | 2008-06-27 | |
US61/076,327 | 2008-06-27 | ||
PCT/US2009/048827 WO2009158600A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-06-26 | Polyisobutylene urethane, urea and urethane/urea copolymers and medical devices containing the same |
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JP2011526326A JP2011526326A (ja) | 2011-10-06 |
JP2011526326A5 JP2011526326A5 (ja) | 2012-08-16 |
JP5592882B2 true JP5592882B2 (ja) | 2014-09-17 |
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JP2011516708A Active JP5592882B2 (ja) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-06-26 | ポリイソブチレンウレタン、尿素およびウレタン/尿素コポリマーならびにこれを含む医療機器 |
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US (3) | US8324290B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2291204A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5592882B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102131530A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2009262097B2 (ja) |
WO (2) | WO2009158600A1 (ja) |
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CN102131530A (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
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WO2009158600A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
US8324290B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 |
WO2009158609A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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AU2009262097A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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