JP5571573B2 - 触媒反応器 - Google Patents
触媒反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5571573B2 JP5571573B2 JP2010540174A JP2010540174A JP5571573B2 JP 5571573 B2 JP5571573 B2 JP 5571573B2 JP 2010540174 A JP2010540174 A JP 2010540174A JP 2010540174 A JP2010540174 A JP 2010540174A JP 5571573 B2 JP5571573 B2 JP 5571573B2
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
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- B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
- B01J19/249—Plate-type reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/341—Apparatus, reactors with stationary catalyst bed
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- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
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Description
H2O+CH4→CO+3H2
この反応は、吸熱反応であり、第1のガス流れチャネル内のロジウム又は白金/ロジウム触媒によって触媒できる。この反応を生じさせるのに必要な熱は、燃料ガス、例えばメタン又は別の短鎖炭化水素(例えばエタン、プロパン、ブタン)、一酸化炭素、水素若しくはかかるガスの混合物の燃焼によって提供でき、この燃焼は、発熱反応であり、隣りの第2のガス流れチャネル内のパラジウム/白金触媒により触媒できる。変形例として、周知のプロセスである部分酸化プロセス又は自熱プロセスにより合成ガスを生成することができ、これらは、組成が互いに僅かに異なる合成ガスを生じさせる。
nCO+2nH2→(CH2)n+nH2O
この反応は、発熱反応であり、触媒、例えば鉄、コバルト又は溶融マグネタイト存在下において高い温度、代表的には190℃〜280℃で且つ高い圧力、代表的には1.8MPa〜2.8MPa(絶対値)で起こる。フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成に好ましい触媒は、約10%〜40%コバルト(アルミナと比較した重量で)が添加されると共にコバルトの重量の10%未満の促進剤、例えばルテニウム、白金又はガドリニウム及び塩基度促進剤、例えば酸化ランタンが添加された比表面積が140〜230m2/gのガンマ−アルミナの被膜から成る。好ましい反応条件は、温度が215℃〜235℃であり、圧力が2.1MPaから最高2.7MPaまでであり、例えば、2.6MPaである。
Claims (12)
- フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成のための反応器モジュール(50)であって、全体として長方形の反応器ブロック(10,110)を有し、前記反応器ブロックは、前記ブロック(10,110)内に交互に配置されていて、それぞれ第1及び第2の流体を運搬する多数本の第1及び第2の流れチャネル(15;17,117)を画定するプレート(12)の積み重ね体を有し、前記第1の流体は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成を受けるガス混合物であり、前記第2の流体は、冷却用流体であり、前記第1の流れチャネル(17,117)は、前記反応器ブロック(10,110)の上面と下面との間で全体として鉛直方向に延び、前記第2の流れチャネル(15)は、前記第1の流れチャネル(17,117)の方向に全体として平行な方向に延び、したがって、全体として鉛直方向に延びると共に、水平に延びるディストリビューターチャンバ(26)を介して前記反応器ブロック(10,110)の1つ又は2つ以上の側面のところに設けられた入口及び出口ポート(28,30)と連通し、前記第2の流れチャネル(15)は、波形シート(14)によって互いに間隔を置いて設けられた平べったいプレート(12)の間に構成され、各第1の流れチャネル(17,117)は、金属基体を有する取り外し可能な気体透過性触媒構造体(20,120)を収容している、反応器モジュール。
- 前記ガス混合物は、前記第1の流れチャネル(17,117)を通って下向きの方向に流れるよう供給される、請求項1記載の反応器モジュール。
- 前記第1の流れチャネル(17,117)の各々は、前記プレート(12)に平行な平面で測定して200mm以下の幅を有する、請求項1又は2記載の反応器モジュール。
- 前記第1の流れチャネル(17)は、プレート(12)及び互いに間隔を置いた支持体(18)により画定されている、請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一に記載の反応器モジュール。
- 前記第1の流れチャネル(117)は、平べったいプレート(12)及び隆起付きプレート(119)により画定されている、請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一に記載の反応器モジュール。
- 前記隆起付きプレート(119)は、スプライン加工部を備えている、請求項5記載の反応器モジュール。
- 長鎖炭化水素を得るよう天然ガスを処理するプラントであって、請求項1〜6のうちいずれか一に記載のフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応器モジュール(50)を多数備え、前記反応器モジュールを通る合成ガスの流れは、互いに平行であり、したがって、使用中の前記反応器モジュール(50)の個数を変化させることにより天然ガス流量の変化に対応することができるようになっている、プラント。
- 各反応器モジュール(50)は、遮断弁(59)を経てシャットダウンガスの供給源(58)に連結されている、請求項7記載のプラント。
- 多数のフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応器モジュール(50)は、交換可能であり且つ容易に置換可能であるように処理量及び外部連結方式が互いに実質的に同等である、請求項7又は8記載のプラント。
- 前記プラントは、前記反応器モジュール(50)に供給される冷却剤の温度及び前記反応器モジュール(50)に供給される冷却剤の流量のうちの少なくとも一方を制御する手段を含む冷却剤温度制御手段(44)を更に有する、請求項7〜9のうちいずれか一に記載のプラント。
- 請求項10記載のプラントを用いてフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成を実施するプロセスであって、冷却剤の流量を前記反応器モジュールの通過時における前記冷却剤の温度の上昇が10K以下であるように制御する、方法。
- 前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応器モジュール(50)から出た反応生成物を熱交換器(46)に通して前記反応生成物が20℃〜90℃の初期温度状態にある冷却剤と熱を交換するようにする、請求項11記載の方法。
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GBGB0725140.8A GB0725140D0 (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2007-12-24 | Catalytic Reactor |
PCT/GB2008/050855 WO2009081175A1 (en) | 2007-12-24 | 2008-09-24 | Catalytic reactor |
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JP5581028B2 (ja) | 2009-09-16 | 2014-08-27 | 住友精密工業株式会社 | 触媒反応器 |
KR101031886B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-05-02 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Ft 슬러리 기포탑 반응기의 반응열 제거용 혼합형 냉각장치 |
GB0918738D0 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2009-12-09 | Compactgtl Plc | Reactor with channels |
KR101297597B1 (ko) * | 2011-04-19 | 2013-08-19 | 한국화학연구원 | 합성가스로부터 탄화수소를 제조하기 위한 반응장치 |
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WO2015037597A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | 株式会社Ihi | リアクタ |
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KR102003429B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-07-24 | 주식회사 포스코건설 | 합성석유 제조장치 및 제조방법 |
US10543470B2 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2020-01-28 | Intramicron, Inc. | Reactors and methods for processes involving partial oxidation reactions |
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BRPI0711443A2 (pt) * | 2006-05-08 | 2011-11-01 | Compactgtl Plc | reator catalìtico compacto, métodos de realizar combustão, e de realizar uma reação rápida no mesmo, e, de controlar o gradiente térmico em um reator catalìtico |
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AU2008339634A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
GB0725140D0 (en) | 2008-01-30 |
CA2708821C (en) | 2015-12-29 |
EP2227325B1 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
JP2011508043A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
DK2227325T3 (da) | 2014-06-30 |
ZA201004401B (en) | 2011-08-31 |
MY157456A (en) | 2016-06-15 |
EA201070797A1 (ru) | 2010-12-30 |
WO2009081175A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
EA019964B1 (ru) | 2014-07-30 |
US8444939B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
BRPI0821525A2 (pt) | 2015-06-16 |
BRPI0821525A8 (pt) | 2016-03-22 |
EP2227325A1 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
KR20100101158A (ko) | 2010-09-16 |
CA2708821A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
CN101932379B (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
AU2008339634B2 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
US20100324158A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
CN101932379A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
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