JP5566877B2 - バルク金属ガラスマトリクス複合体の半溶融加工 - Google Patents
バルク金属ガラスマトリクス複合体の半溶融加工 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5566877B2 JP5566877B2 JP2010502234A JP2010502234A JP5566877B2 JP 5566877 B2 JP5566877 B2 JP 5566877B2 JP 2010502234 A JP2010502234 A JP 2010502234A JP 2010502234 A JP2010502234 A JP 2010502234A JP 5566877 B2 JP5566877 B2 JP 5566877B2
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 59
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017532 Cu-Be Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000931 vitreloy 1 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003821 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si](C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C(OC([H])([H])[*])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002970 Calcium lactobionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/10—Refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/10—Amorphous alloys with molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, or zirconium or Hf as the major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2200/00—Crystalline structure
- C22C2200/02—Amorphous
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Description
米国政府は、国防省により授与されたNDSEG奨学金によってなされた本発明について一定の権利を有する。
Rp (1/2)(K1c/Y)2 (式1)
本発明により生成される例示的な合金は、2ステップの方法で準備された。第1に、超音波洗浄された純粋材料が、TiゲッターのAr雰囲気下でアーク溶融された。第2に、インゴットが水冷銅ボート上に載置され、高温計でモニターされる温度で誘導加熱された。第2のステップは合金の固相線温度と液相線温度の間で合金を半溶融加工する方法として用いられる。この手順は樹枝状結晶を粗大化し、RF撹拌し、そして混合物を均質化する。サンプルは、銅ボートの形状に基づいて、35gまでの質量及び約1cmの厚さで製作された。機械試験のためのサンプルは、これらのインゴットから直接機械加工され、試験は適用可能な場合ASTM標準により実行された。弾性特性が超音波で計測された。
従来の元の複合物と比べると、本発明により作成されたBMG複合体は、密度を減少させNiを含有させないためにTi量を増加させた。Niを排除することによりガラスの破壊靭性が増大し、加工中、脆い金属間の核形成を抑制する。3つの合金Zr36.6Ti31.4Nb7Cu5.9Be19.1、Zr38.3Ti32.9Nb7.3Cu6.2Be15.3及びZr39.6Ti33.9Nb7.6Cu6.4Be12.5(DH1,DH2およびDH3)が、本発明で試験用に生成された。Be含有量は、Zr、Ti、Nb及びCuの相互比率を固定して、(atom%で)x=12.5〜19.1に変更された。xが減少したとき、樹枝状結晶相の容積(又はモル)分率がガラスマトリクスで増加した。走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)、エネルギー分散型X線分光計(EDS)及びX線回折(XRD)分析は、樹枝状結晶及びガラスマトリクスの組成が変動するxにも近似的に不変のままであることを示す。本発明で生成される例示的な合金で、樹枝状結晶相は、図3に示すように、X線及びEDS分析により確証されるように、Zr,Ti及びNbを主として含む体心立方(bcc)固溶体であった。特に、図3は、bcc樹枝状結晶材料、完全アモルファスガラスマトリクス及びその2つの重畳物である複合体を表すDH1についてのX線回折データを示す。この結果は、DH1がこのようにガラスマトリクス及びbcc樹枝状結晶の組合せであるという証拠である。もしガラスマトリクスが部分的に結晶質であったなら、誤りのピークがDH1のX線走査で目視可能だろう。図示されていないが、この結果がDH2及びDH3に当てはまることが理解されるべきである。加えて、ガラスマトリクスからのアモルファスの背景がDH1からの走査でさらに目視可能である。
元の複合体がアーク溶融器での溶融から固化することが早くに報告された。インゴット内の冷却速度の変化によって、全樹枝状結晶の長さスケール及び樹枝状結晶間の間隔は約1から100μmの大きな変化を示した。先に検討したように、より均一なマイクロ構造を製作するために、例示的な合金は、合金の液相線と固相線の間の半溶融二相領域(T=約800〜900℃)に加熱され、そこで数分等温に保たれ、必ず溶融状態(1,100℃超)以下を維持する。
要約すると、本発明は、金属ガラスにおいて、マイクロ構造の靭性化及び延性向上を用いるBMG複合体を生成する方法に関する。2つの基本原理は、(1)不均一部周辺に局部的剪断帯を発生させるために、金属ガラスマトリクスで「柔軟な」弾性/塑性の不均一性を導入し、(2)剪断帯の伸展を制限し、剪断帯の開口を抑制し、かつ亀裂の発達を避けるために、(開口亀裂先端の塑性シールドのための)特性長さスケールRpにマイクロ構造の長さスケール(例えば、L及びS)を整合させること、である。
Claims (10)
- バルク金属ガラス複合体を生成する方法であって、
バルク金属ガラスマトリクス内に分散された多数の樹枝状結晶を含むバルク金属ガラス複合体を生成可能な合金を準備することと、
前記合金の固相線温度以上で液相線温度以下の複合体生成温度に前記合金を加熱することと、
前記多数の樹枝状結晶のマイクロ構造の長さが、前記バルク金属ガラスマトリクスの開口亀裂先端を塑性的にシールドするために特性長さスケール(Rp)に整合して最大長さに到達するよう増大するまで、前記合金を前記複合体生成温度に保持することと、
前記バルク金属ガラスマトリクス内に均質に配置される前記多数の樹枝状結晶を含むバルク金属ガラス複合体を生成するために、前記合金を、前記バルク金属ガラスマトリクスのガラス転移温度以下に急冷すること、
を含む方法。 - 前記合金がZr−Ti−Nb−Cu−Beバルク金属ガラスである、請求項1の方法。
- 前記加熱が、誘導コイル、プラズマアーク及びオーブン加熱からなる群から選択される方法により行われる、請求項1の方法。
- 急冷期間の冷却速度が1〜100K/sの範囲である、請求項1の方法。
- 前記樹枝状結晶が約10〜200μmの範囲の枝径を有する、請求項1の方法。
- 前記樹枝状結晶が5〜500μmの各枝の粒子サイズをもつ、請求項5の方法。
- 前記樹枝状結晶が放射状に等方性である、請求項1の方法。
- 前記樹枝状結晶の容積分率が1%以下から約95%の範囲である、請求項1の方法。
- 前記バルク金属ガラス複合体を機械的に変形させることをさらに含む、請求項1の方法。
- 前記合金が、Zr36.6Ti31.4Nb7Cu5.9Be19.1、Zr38.3Ti32.9Nb7.3Cu6.2Be15.3及びZr39.6Ti33.9Nb7.6Cu6.4Be12からなる群から選択される組成物である、請求項1の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US92219407P | 2007-04-06 | 2007-04-06 | |
US60/922,194 | 2007-04-06 | ||
PCT/US2008/058896 WO2008156889A2 (en) | 2007-04-06 | 2008-03-31 | Semi-solid processing of bulk metallic glass matrix composites |
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JP2010523822A JP2010523822A (ja) | 2010-07-15 |
JP5566877B2 true JP5566877B2 (ja) | 2014-08-06 |
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JP2010502234A Expired - Fee Related JP5566877B2 (ja) | 2007-04-06 | 2008-03-31 | バルク金属ガラスマトリクス複合体の半溶融加工 |
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US (2) | US7883592B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2137332A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5566877B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008156889A2 (ja) |
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WO2008156889A2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
US9222159B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
EP2137332A2 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
WO2008156889A3 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
EP2137332A4 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
US7883592B2 (en) | 2011-02-08 |
US20090000707A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
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