JP5563374B2 - Animal feed - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is, for example, poultry such as chickens, and other livestock, pets, used like fish relates to animal fodder containing apple polyphenols.

Conventionally, as this type of animal feed, there is one that uses a fat accumulation inhibitor containing, as an active ingredient, a fruit polyphenol derived from an apple fruit or an immature fruit (for example, a patent document). 1).
This polyphenol is composed of a polyphenol fraction extracted and purified from fruits or immature fruits, and the polyphenol fraction is first extracted from the juice of the raw fruit or an extract extracted using an organic solvent such as water or ethanol, Through a process such as centrifugation or filtration, a clear fruit juice or extract is obtained, and the polyphenol fraction is further purified by an ion exchange resin, a synthetic adsorption resin, or an adsorbent such as silica gel, a gel filter, or the like, Subsequently, a liquid preparation is obtained by concentration, and a powder preparation is obtained by spray drying or freeze-drying the concentrated liquid.
As an example of production, fruit juice is obtained by crushing and squeezing apple fruit, then centrifuging and clarified by diatomaceous earth filtration, and this clarified fruit juice is passed through an adsorption force ram to adsorb polyphenols. Subsequently, pure water is passed through to remove non-adsorbed substances in the column and then eluted with alcohol, and the alcohol is concentrated under reduced pressure from the obtained fraction to prepare an extracted powder product.

International Publication No. 2005/082390 Pamphlet

However, in such conventional animal feed, since the polyphenol fraction extracted and purified from the immature apple fruit is used, the production of the polyphenol fraction takes time and the production cost is high. Therefore, it has been difficult and unrealistic to provide a sufficient amount of feed for many animals over a long period of time.
For these reasons, animal feeds that have been found to have medicinal effects due to polyphenols of immature apple fruits have not been sold.

An object of the present invention is to cope with such problems, and it is necessary to easily obtain animal feed that contains apple polyphenols and is safe for animal growth, and is necessary for animal breeding purposes. giving nutrients,, etc. it is an object of the present invention.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides, as a feed material, as a residue of unripe apple fruit at the weight ratio, the skin part and its peripheral part that will be squeezed after extracting fruit juice from an immature apple as it is. It is characterized by mixing 5 to 50% without any processing.
In addition to the features described above, the feed material is a mixed feed.
Furthermore, it is characterized in that 8 to 18% of apple immature fruit residue is mixed in the weight ratio with the blended feed .

The present invention having the above-described features allows the feed material to be processed as it is as the residue of unripe apple fruit by weight ratio, and the outer skin part and its peripheral part that will be squeezed after extracting fruit juice from unripe apples. By adding 5 to 50% of the animal feed, the apple polyphenol is bioconcentrated in the body of the animal to which the animal feed is given, and at the same time, the animal lacks the nutrients contained in the feed material. Since it does not cause growth failure, an animal feed that contains apple polyphenols and is safe for animal growth can be easily obtained.
As a result, compared to conventional animal feeds that contain a polyphenol fraction extracted and purified from immature apple fruit, it can be manufactured at low cost without much time for production. Many animals can be expected to obtain the medicinal effects of apple polyphenols.
Furthermore, industrial waste can be effectively used by recovering and using the residue that is the pomace after extracting fruit juice from immature apples.

  Furthermore, when the said feed material is a mixing | blending feed, a required nutrient can be given according to the breeding purpose of an animal.

  Further, when 8 to 18% of the apple immature fruit residue is mixed in the weight ratio with respect to the feed material, the animal is bred with an animal feed with a relatively small amount of apple immature fruit residue added. Regardless, large amounts of apple polyphenols can be bioconcentrated in the animal's body.

In addition, when the animal feed is given to a chicken, apple polyphenol is bioconcentrated in the chicken's body to produce an egg containing apple polyphenol, so that an egg containing apple polyphenol is easily obtained. be able to.
As a result, when a human eats chicken eggs containing this apple polyphenol, the medicinal effect of apple polyphenol can be expected.
Originally, hen's eggs are cheaper than other foods and can be eaten continuously for a long period of time.
In particular, when an animal feed in which 8 to 18%, preferably 10%, of an apple immature fruit residue is given in a weight ratio to the above-mentioned mixed feed, the amount of added apple immature fruit residue is compared. Even if it grows with a small amount of animal feed, many eggs containing a large amount of apple polyphenol can be laid.

In addition, when the animal feed is given to a chicken, apple polyphenol is bioconcentrated in the chicken body and the chicken meat contains the apple polyphenol, so that the chicken meat containing the apple polyphenol can be easily obtained. be able to.
As a result, when a human eats chicken containing this apple polyphenol, the medicinal effect of apple polyphenol can be expected.

Still further, when the animal feed is given to chickens, apple polyphenols are bioconcentrated in the chicken body and the feces containing polyphenols are discharged, so that chicken feces containing apple polyphenols can be easily obtained. be able to.
As a result, if the chicken manure containing this apple polyphenol is used as a fertilizer for plant cultivation, vegetables, fruits and the like containing more apple polyphenol can be produced.
If many kinds of these vegetables and fruits are produced, it becomes possible to eat continuously throughout the year, so that the medicinal effects of apple polyphenols can be sufficiently expected.

It is a graph which shows the egg-laying number of the chicken which gave the animal feed which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and has shown the relationship between content of the immature apple pomace contained in feed material, and the average egg-laying number of a chicken. It is a graph which shows the total polyphenol amount of the chicken egg which gave the animal feed which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and has shown the relationship between content of the immature apple pomace contained in feed material, and the total polyphenol amount in an egg .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, the animal feed according to the embodiment of the present invention is mixed with 5 to 50% of apple immature fruit residues in the weight ratio of the feed material.

  The feed material is made by mixing a single feed made of only one kind of material, a mixed feed made by mixing two or more kinds of simple feeds, and mixing two or more kinds of feeds in an appropriate ratio depending on the target animal. It consists of a blended feed.

Unripe apples are immature fruits of the genus Malus, such as apples Malus domestica and crab apple Malus pumila, and more than half of them are harvested in the so-called “Tickling” process in 1 to 2 months after fruiting. It is picked and thrown away.
This immature fruit is harvested before the occurrence of pests and diseases, so it can be harvested without spraying pesticides such as insecticides and fungicides, which only reduces the cost of pesticides. It is an organic fruit that does not use pesticides.
These immature fruits contain about 10 times more apple polyphenol per unit weight than mature fruits.

In the present invention, an apple immature fruit residue, that is, an outer skin part or its peripheral part, which becomes a pomace after extracting fruit juice from an immature apple, is used.
As a specific example, it is preferable to recover the pomace after extracting the fruit juice from the immature apple and use it without any processing.

For example, when such animal feed is given to poultry such as chickens, other livestock, pets, fish farms, or other animals, the residue of unripe apple fruits is mixed in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight with respect to the feed material. In the case of feed, it has been demonstrated that apple polyphenols are bio-concentrated in the animal's body, as shown in the examples below.
In addition, in the case of animal feed in which less than 5% of apple immature fruit residue is mixed in the weight ratio with respect to the feed material, the mixing amount of apple immature fruit residue relative to the feed material is reduced. A decrease in the amount of bio-enriched apple polyphenols could be demonstrated as shown in the examples below.
Furthermore, in the case of animal feed in which more than 50% of apple immature fruit residue is mixed in the weight ratio with respect to the feed material, nutrients contained in the feed material may be insufficient and adversely affect animal growth. There is.
On the other hand, when the animal feed is mixed with 5 to 50% of an immature apple residue in the weight ratio of the feed material, the animal is included in the feed material of 50% to 95% by weight. This makes it possible to ingest the nutrients that the animal does not suffer from poor growth due to lack of nutrition.
Thereby, an animal feed that contains apple polyphenol and is safe for animal growth can be easily obtained.
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In this example, a mixed feed for chickens is used as a feed material, and, as a residue of apple immature fruits, the pomace after extracting fruit juice from immature apples is 0%, 5%, 10%, 20% by weight. 50% and 50% of each mixture are prepared, each animal feed is given to 20 chickens under the same conditions, the number of eggs laid in each section is measured daily, and the total amount of polyphenols contained in those eggs is determined. Inspected.

As for the mixed feed, corn, milo and other cereals are about 60%, soybean oil cake, rapeseed oil cake, corn gluten meal and other vegetable oil cakes are about 15%, fish meal, meat bone meal, fish soluble adsorption feed About 10% of natural feed, about 5% of rice bran, corn gluten feed and other algae, and about 10% of calcium carbonate, animal fats, salt, calcium phosphate, etc., and about 17% of crude protein % Or more, crude fat is about 2.5% or more, crude fiber is about 5.0% or more, crude ash is about 13% or more, calcium is about 2.8% or more, and phosphorus is about 0.5% or more, A general chicken formula feed was used. That is, the mixed feed does not contain polyphenol.
120 grams of chicken per day, each containing a predetermined amount of unripe apple residue (squeezed after extraction of fruit juice from unripe apples) is added to such a mixed feed for chickens. Then, the number of eggs laid in the chickens in each section was measured every day for 21 days.
In addition, the chickens in each section were observed whether or not they left the animal feed, and the amount of leftovers was also observed.

The egg-laying results are shown in FIG. 1 as a graph showing the average number of eggs laid in each section according to the content (weight ratio) of immature apple pomace that becomes the residue of immature apple fruits.
According to this, the average number of eggs laid is 10% for immature apples, the highest number of eggs in the whole, 0% for immature apples and 20% for immature apples, and 50% for immature apples. There was less than 5% of the unripe apple fruit.
Moreover, according to the graph of FIG. 1, the average number of eggs laid when about 8 to 18% of the residue of apple immature fruits (powder after extracting fruit juice from immature apples) is mixed by weight with respect to the mixed feed, It was found that the average number of eggs laid in the 0% ward of immature apples was exceeded. Furthermore, it can also be estimated that the average number of eggs laid when 51% or more of apple immature fruit residues are mixed in a weight ratio with respect to the mixed feed tends to be smaller than the average number of eggs laid in the 50% apple immature fruit.

Then, the total polyphenol content (in terms of gallic acid: mg / 100g) contained in the eggs laid by the chickens in each section was examined by the Folin-dennis method (lower limit of quantification: 10mg / 100g) (inspector: Food Environment Co., Ltd.) Institute of Health).
The test result of the total polyphenol content in the eggs of each section was as shown in the graph of FIG.
According to this, total polyphenols were not detected in the eggs of 0% apple immature fruit, whereas the same amount of total polyphenols was found in the eggs of 5% apple immature fruit and 10% apple immature fruit. Polyphenols were detected, and eggs in 50% apple immature fruits had the highest amount of total polyphenols.

  The reason why polyphenols are contained in chicken eggs is that when chickens eat animal feed mixed with squeezed fruits of immature apples that contain a large amount of apple polyphenols, the polyphenols are bio-concentrated in each chicken's body and contain apple polyphenols. It is thought that the egg was born.

Furthermore, the eggs of the 20% apple immature fruit had less total polyphenols than the eggs of the apple immature fruit 5% and the apple immature fruit 10%.
The reason is presumed to be related to uneaten animal feed in chickens in each section.
No food leftovers were found in 0% immature apples, 5% immature apples, and 10% immature apples, but 20% immature apples and apples It was observed in chickens of 50% immature fruit. The amount of those left over was higher in 50% immature apples than in 20% immature apples.
In other words, the content of immature apple pomace that becomes the residue of unripe apple fruit is greater than a certain amount, despite being the same as the total amount of animal feed (120 g) given to one chicken in each section per day. As a result, it was found that leftovers were observed, and that the amount of leftovers increased as the content of unripe apple pomace increased. It has been found that chickens lose their appetite when the content ratio of immature apple pomace with respect to the blended feed exceeds a predetermined level.

As a result, chickens in the 20% apple immature fruit group had left over food for animal feed, so the amount of apple polyphenol bioconcentrated in the chicken body in the same area decreased, and the total eggs contained in the eggs laid. It is estimated that the amount of polyphenol has also decreased.
The chicken with 50% immature apples had more leftover than the chicken with 20% immature apples, but the content of immature apple pomace in the mixed feed was higher than the 20% immature apples. The amount of apple polyphenol that is bio-concentrated in the chicken body in the same ward increases, and the total amount of polyphenol contained in the eggs laid is higher than that of the 5% apple immature fruit and 10% apple immature fruit eggs. Presumed to be.

Moreover, according to the graph of FIG. 2, the animal feed in which the residue of the apple immature fruit (powder after extracting fruit juice from an immature apple) was mixed with the mixed feed by less than 5% was given to the chicken. In this case, as the content of the immature apple pomace decreases, the total amount of polyphenol contained in the egg laid tends to decrease.
The reason for this is that the content of immature apple pomace in the blended feed is reduced, so the amount of apple polyphenol bioconcentrated in the body of the chicken is reduced, and the total polyphenol content in the eggs laid is also reduced. Is done.

Furthermore, according to the graph of FIG. 2, when an animal feed in which 51% or more of apple immature fruit residue is mixed by weight with respect to the blended feed is given to chickens, the total amount of polyphenols contained in the eggs laid Tend to be more.
However, when the content of immature apple pomace in the mixed feed increases, the nutrient content originally contained in the mixed feed decreases as the content of the immature apple pomace increases, and the apple immature fruit residue (extract the juice from the immature apple) The squeezed pomace) does not contain the nutrients of the blended feed, so if you continue to feed the blended animal feed with a mixture of 51% or more of immature apple residues by weight with respect to the blended feed over a long period of time It was found from the decrease in the number of eggs laid that the nutrients contained in the mixed feed were insufficient and the animals became poorly grown and had adverse effects.
Furthermore, it is estimated that the amount of uneaten animal feed increases and is wasted as the content of immature apple pomace increases with respect to the blended feed.

Accordingly, it was confirmed by experiments that chicken polyphenols were contained in a large amount of chicken eggs fed with animal feed in which 5 to 50% of apple immature fruit residues were mixed by weight with respect to the blended feed.
Furthermore, chickens fed with animal feed in which about 8-18% of apple immature fruit residues were mixed by weight with respect to the blended feed were compared to chickens fed with animal feed that was not mixed with apple immature fruit residues. It was also confirmed by experiments that the number of eggs laid increased and that the eggs contained a lot of apple polyphenols.
In particular, it was confirmed by experiments that chickens fed with animal feed in which 10% of apple immature fruit residue was mixed by weight with respect to the mixed feed lay eggs and that the eggs contained a large amount of apple polyphenols. It was.
As a result, chickens fed with animal feed in which 10% of apple immature fruit residue was mixed by weight with respect to the compounded feed had a relatively small amount of apple immature fruit residue (content of immature apple pomace). Despite being cultivated with a small amount of animal feed, many eggs containing a large amount of apple polyphenol will be laid.

  On the other hand, in another experiment, as a result of examination of chicken meat and feces excreted from chickens in each ward, polyphenol was not detected in the 0% apple immature fruit ward, whereas chicken and chicken shit in the other wards Polyphenol was detected in.

The reason why polyphenols are contained in these chicken meat and chicken dung is that chickens eat animal feed mixed with apple immature fruit residue (squeezed after extracting fruit juice from immature apples) rich in apple polyphenols. It is considered that apple polyphenols are bio-concentrated in the body of each chicken, so that chicken polyphenols are contained in chicken meat and feces containing apple polyphenols are discharged.
In particular, when an animal feed containing about 8 to 18%, preferably 10%, of a mixture of immature apple fruits by weight with respect to the blended feed is given to chickens, based on the above-described experiment, Despite being grown on animal feed with a relatively small amount of residue added (content of immature apple pomace), a large amount of apple polyphenol is bioconcentrated in the chicken body, It is considered that feces containing a large amount of apple polyphenol are discharged while containing apple polyphenol.

In the previous examples, only the case where the feed for livestock of the present invention was given to chickens was shown, but this is not a limitation, and it is given to livestock such as cattle, pigs and horses, pets and fish farms in addition to chickens. May be.
Also in these cases, as in the previous examples, meat or milk containing apple polyphenols is obtained by bioconcentrating polyphenols in the body of cattle, pigs, horses, fish, etc. to which the livestock feed of the present invention is applied. Etc. can be easily understood.

Claims (3)

  Mixing 5 to 50% of the feed material with the unprocessed apple skin as a residue of unripe apples in the weight ratio without any processing of the outer skin part and its peripheral part that would be squeezed after extracting fruit juice from the immature apple Animal feed characterized by   The animal feed according to claim 1, wherein the feed material is a mixed feed. The animal feed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 8 to 18% of the apple immature fruit residue is mixed in the weight ratio with the feed material .

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