JP2006304755A - Food for pet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide food for pets such as dogs, cats, monkeys, birds, mice, rats, marmots, rabbits, hamsters, pigs, cows, sheep, horses, alligators, snakes, and lizards, having effect of treating, improving and preventing diabetes or diabetic complication by blending with Jerusalem artichoke and astaxanthin which have effect of treating, improving and preventing diabetes or diabetic complication. <P>SOLUTION: The food for pets contains as active ingredients Jerusalem artichoke and astaxanthin, and can be used for treating, improving and preventing diabetes or diabetic complication. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to dogs, cats, monkeys, birds, mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, hamsters, pigs, cows, sheep, horses, which contain chrysanthemums and astaxanthin, which have the effect of treating, improving and preventing diabetes or diabetic complications. It relates to pet food such as crocodiles, snakes and lizards.

Chrysanthemum is a asteraceae plant native to North America, with flowers resembling chrysanthemums and rhizomes resembling ginger. Chrysanthemum rhizomes have been cultivated by Native Americans as an edible food since ancient times and used as their important food.
In the hunger era after Germany collapsed in 1945 in World War I, people living west from the Berlin border were forced to grow chrysanthemum potatoes as a substitute for potatoes to overcome food shortages in the sand. Later, inulin was discovered in the rhizome of chrysanthemum, and interest in this plant increased and systematic cultivation and research began.
In particular, in Germany, research has been conducted mainly at the Technical University of Berlin, and many papers have been published on the effectiveness of Kikuto for humans. Mainly improved diabetes, decreased arteriosclerotic index, decreased serum uric acid concentration, improved ventilation, kidney stones, improved renal function, decreased serum cholesterol level, improved intestinal environment due to growth of bifidobacteria, etc. and diet effect, etc. The paper has been published. Chrysanthemum carp is a plant that contains vitamins, minerals, amino acids, enzymes, hydrogen acceptors, etc. in a well-balanced manner, and has recently attracted attention in Japan for its effectiveness. However, a satisfactory effect has not been obtained for the treatment, improvement, or prevention of diabetes or diabetic complications.

Astaxanthin is one of the same carotenoids as β-carotene, and is widely distributed in nature, especially in the ocean, including crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs, fish such as salmon and Thailand, algae such as the green alga Hematococcus, and yeasts such as the red yeast Phaffia. It is a food-rich red pigment.
In recent years, it has been found that astaxanthin has a powerful antioxidant action 100 to 1,000 times that of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) and about 40 times that of β-carotene, and has been treated as a simple pigment. Currently, it has been expected by the industry as a health food.
Other functional properties of astaxanthin include anti-inflammatory action, anti-arteriosclerosis action, action against diabetes, retinal protection action against light damage, diurnal rhythm regulation action, immunostimulation action, anti-stress action, muscle sustainability improvement action, sperm Numerous reports have been made, such as improving the quality of cancer and suppressing bladder cancer induction. Moreover, as an effect | action with respect to skin, the effect of pigmentation suppression, melanin production suppression, and photoaging suppression is reported.
It has been reported that astaxanthin is administered to diabetic mice to lower the blood concentration of glucose, and is effective in improving nephropathy due to diabetic nephropathy (Non-patent Document 1).
However, the effect does not appear unless it is administered for a long period of 18 weeks.
Naito Y. Et al, Astaxanthin protects beta-cells against glucosity in diabetic db / db mice. Redox Rep, 7 (5), 290-3, 2002. The number of pets with diabetes has increased due to an increase in the number of pets, changes in the pet breeding environment, and overdose of food due to lack of knowledge of owners. Most of them develop due to genetic factors, as well as increased blood glucose levels due to lifestyle habits such as overdose of food and lack of exercise due to indoor breeding, and are accompanied by various complications. Due to the lifestyle of pets, dietary restrictions and insulin injection are difficult, and the administration of drugs has various adverse effects, so it is desirable to treat, improve, and prevent diabetes and diabetic complications with non-toxic foods derived from natural products. ing.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have searched for natural substances having therapeutic, ameliorative and preventive effects on diabetes or diabetic complications. As a result, it has been found that chrysanthemum and astaxanthin have an effect of improving diabetes immediately. I found it.
The present invention has been completed based on such findings, and provides a pet food containing chrysanthemums and astaxanthin.
An object of the present invention is to provide a pet food containing chrysanthemums and astaxanthin as active ingredients, and a pet food containing chrysanthemums and astaxanthin having the effect of treating, improving, or preventing the diabetes or diabetic complications. The pet food of the present invention is useful for preventing the onset of diabetes and diabetic complications, treating and improving diabetes, and treating and improving diabetic complications.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that chrysanthemums and astaxanthin have a therapeutic, ameliorating, and preventive effect on diabetes or diabetic complications. The present invention is based on such knowledge.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is pet food characterized by containing chrysanthemums and astaxanthin, and the invention according to claim 2 is a diabetes or diabetic complication comprising chrysanthemums and astaxanthin. The pet food according to claim 1, which has a therapeutic / improvement / preventive effect, and the pet according to claim 3 is a dog, cat, monkey, bird, mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, hamster. The pet food according to claim 1, wherein the pet is a dog, characterized in that it is at least one of pig, cow, sheep, horse, crocodile, snake, and lizard. The pet food according to claim 1, wherein the pet food is a cat.

The present invention will be specifically described below. Diabetes or diabetic complications can be treated, ameliorated, or prevented by the pet food containing the naturally derived non-toxic chrysanthemum and astaxanthin of the present invention.
In the present invention, the “chrysanthemum pod” may be a cultivated chrysanthemum cultivated normally, and preferably a non-pesticide-grown one.
The cultivation place can be used as the chrysanthemum of the present invention as long as it grows up normally. However, a place where the temperature difference is intense and the temperature difference is 17 ° C. or less is desirable because the content of inulin as an active ingredient increases.
The chrysanthemum buds of the present invention can be used in various states such as ginger, boiled potatoes, raw powder, and dry powder, but dry powder is desirable from the viewpoint of storage.
In the present invention, “astaxanthin” means a product derived from a natural product or obtained by synthesis. Examples of those derived from natural products include crustacean shells such as shrimp, krill and crabs, eggs and organs, various seafood skins and eggs, algae such as the green alga Hematococcus, yeasts such as red yeast Phaffia, Examples thereof include those obtained from seed plants such as marine bacteria, Fukujukusa, and Golden phoenix flowers. Natural extracts and chemically synthesized products are commercially available and are readily available.
Astaxanthin can be obtained, for example, by culturing red yeast Phaffia, green alga Hematococcus, marine bacteria, etc. in an appropriate medium according to a known method.
Various methods for extracting and purifying from the culture or the crustacean are known. For example, since diester type astaxanthin is an oil-soluble substance, an astaxanthin-containing component can be extracted from a natural product containing astaxanthin with an oil-soluble organic solvent such as acetone, alcohol, ethyl acetate, benzene, or chloroform. After extraction, the solvent is removed according to a conventional method to obtain a mixed concentrate of monoester type astaxanthin and diester type astaxanthin. The resulting concentrate may be further purified if desired.
Astaxanthin is used as an extract of astaxanthin obtained by the above method and a powder or aqueous solution containing them, or dried products such as red yeast Phaffia, green alga hematococcus, marine bacteria, and crushed products thereof. Although it is possible, a pulverized green alga Hematococcus or its extract is desirable.
Astaxanthin is 3,3′-dihydroxy-β, β-carotene-4,4′-dione and has stereoisomers. Specifically, three stereoisomers of (3R, 3′R) -astaxanthin, (3R, 3 ′S) -astaxanthin and (3S, 3 ′S) -astaxanthin are known. Any of these can be used.
In the description of the present invention, astaxanthin includes astaxanthin and its esters unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the esters of astaxanthin include monoesters and diesters.
Astaxanthin is not observed to be mutagenic and is known to be a highly safe compound and is widely used as a food additive.
In the pet food of the present invention, at least one of free astaxanthin, monoester, and diester can be used. Diesters are physically more stable than free and monoesters because the two hydroxyl groups are protected by ester bonds, and are less susceptible to oxidative degradation in pet food. However, it is considered that when it is taken into the living body, it is rapidly hydrolyzed to astaxanthin by an in vivo enzyme and exhibits an effect.
Examples of astaxanthin monoesters include esters esterified with lower or higher saturated fatty acids or lower or higher unsaturated fatty acids. Specific examples of the lower or higher saturated fatty acid or the lower or higher unsaturated fatty acid include acetic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, palmitooleic acid, hebutadecanoic acid, elaidic acid, ricinoleic acid, and betroceric acid. , Vaccenic acid, eleostearic acid, punicic acid, licanoic acid, parinaric acid, gadoric acid, 5-eicosenoic acid, 5-docosenoic acid, cetoleic acid, erucic acid, 5,13-docosadienoic acid, ceracholic acid, decenoic acid, Examples thereof include steric acid, dodecenoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, eicosaopentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid. Examples of the diester of astaxanthin include diesters esterified with the same or different fatty acids selected from the group consisting of the above fatty acids.
Furthermore, astaxanthin monoesters include amino acids such as glycine and alanine; mono- or polyvalent carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and citric acid; inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; sugars such as glucoside; glycerosugar fatty acids and sphingosaccharides. Examples thereof include sugar esters such as fatty acids; fatty acids such as glycero fatty acids; monoesters esterified with glycerophosphoric acid and the like. In addition, the salt of the said monoester is also included when it can be considered.
Astaxanthin diester is a group consisting of the lower saturated fatty acid, higher saturated fatty acid, lower unsaturated fatty acid, higher unsaturated fatty acid, amino acid, mono- or polyvalent carponic acid, inorganic acid, sugar, sugar fatty acid, fatty acid and glycerophosphoric acid And diesters esterified with the same or different acids selected from In addition, the salt of the said diester is also included when it can be considered.
Examples of the diester of glycerophosphoric acid include saturated fatty acid esters of glycerophosphoric acid or glycerophosphoric acid esters containing fatty acids selected from higher unsaturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids or saturated fatty acids.
Specific examples of the glycerophosphate esters of astaxanthin include astaxanthin lyserophosphate, astaxanthin lyserophosphate palmitic acid, astaxanthin lyserophosphatidylcholine palmitate, astaxanthin lyserophosphatidylcholine docosahexaenoic acid, astaxanthin lyserophosphatidylinositol palmitate Examples thereof include compounds such as acid, astaxanthing lyserophosphatidylinositol docosahexaenoic acid, astaxanthing lyserophosphatidylinositol linoleic acid, and astaxanthing lyserophosphatidylcholine linoleic acid.
The pet food of the present invention containing chrysanthemum and astaxanthin can be used for the purpose of treating, improving, and preventing diabetes of pets and / or diabetic complications.
The effect of treatment, improvement, and prevention of pet diabetes or diabetic complications in the present invention is not only genetic factors but also diabetes caused by an increase in blood sugar level caused by lifestyle such as excessive administration of food or lack of exercise due to indoor breeding and its It is treatment, improvement and prevention of complications. The present invention is effective for both type I diabetes and type II diabetes, but is more effective for type II diabetes. Insulin resistance, which is a characteristic of type II diabetes caused by acquired factors, is often associated with obesity, particularly visceral fat accumulation, and is often accompanied by hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The present invention is based on improving hyperglycemia, that is, lowering an elevated blood glucose level in the treatment, improvement, and prevention of diabetes.
The present invention also has the effect of treating, improving and preventing diseases related to neurological disorders, retinal disorders, nephropathy and blood diseases, which are complications of diabetes, by treating, improving and preventing diabetes in pets. In neurological disorders, sudden hearing loss, eye and facial abnormalities (paralysis and pain), orthostatic hypotension, sweating abnormalities, diarrhea and constipation (digestive symptoms), dysuria, limb pain, sensory abnormalities, Effective for muscle atrophy, gangrene, simple retinopathy, preproliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy. In blood diseases, it is also effective in treating, improving and preventing cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction.
The feature of the present invention is that the above-mentioned effect appears immediately.

The pet food containing chrysanthemum candy and astaxanthin of the present invention can be used for the purpose of treating / ameliorating / preventing diabetes or diabetic complications of pets.
The pet food of the present invention may be in the form of a solid preparation, solid, pellet, granule, biscuit, paste, etc. and dry food, semi-dry food (for example, pet feed having a water content of about 10 to 50% by weight), or There is no particular limitation on wet food such as canned food (for example, pet food having a water content of about 50 to 80% by weight). In a conventional pet food production process, chrysanthemum candy and / or astaxanthin can be added to and mixed with pet food ingredients, or a mixture of chrysanthemum candy and astaxanthin can be sprinkled onto pet food. The pet food of the present invention can be prepared by adding a mixture of chrysanthemum and astaxanthin to commercially available pet food, or by sprinkling it. Moreover, it can also be set as solid preparations, such as a tablet and a soft capsule, which are easy to ingest like a human dietary supplement.
The ingredients that can be blended are not particularly limited as long as they can be used as pet foods. However, the ingredients for pet foods include conventional ingredients such as fish meal, fish meat, seafood according to the type of pet food. , Fish meal, fish soluble, livestock meat, meat flour, meat and bones, blood powder, feather meal, rice bran oil, skim milk powder, whey, animal fats (beef fat, pork oil, bone oil, etc.), chicken eggs, milk, etc. Animal raw materials, microorganisms such as beer yeast and torula yeast, corn, milo, wheat, barley, rye, oats, flour, brown rice, millet, soybeans, quinako, cassava and other grains, pregelatinized starch, starches and other starches , Soybean oil cake, defatted soybean oil cake, rapeseed oil cake, peanut oil cake, linseed oil cake, sesame oil cake, coconut oil cake, sunflower oil cake, safflower oil cake, palm oil cake, kabok Rice cakes such as rice cake, rice cakes, barley rice cake, bran and other rice cakes, gluten meal, gluten meal, starch cake, honey, soy sauce cake, beer cake, beet pulp, bagasse, tofu cake, malt root, orange peel, mandarin orange Manufactures such as juice lees, fibrin such as alfalfa meal, timothy hay, excipients, binders, disintegrants, salt, sugars such as sugar, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, etc. It can mix | blend and use it above.
In addition to the above-mentioned raw materials, the raw materials that can be blended in the solid preparation can be produced by, for example, uniformly blending with a carrier generally used in the human food field. Specifically, sugars such as sucrose, sorbitol and fructose, glycols such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, oils such as sesame oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil and soybean oil, flavors such as strawberry flavor and peppermint are used. Can be manufactured. Also in the form of powder, pill, capsule, soft capsule, tablet, excipients such as lactose, glucose, lactose, mannitol, disintegrants such as starch, sodium alginate, lubricants such as magnesium stearate, talc, It can be produced using a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, gelatin, a surfactant such as fatty acid ester, and a plasticizer such as glycerin. Sprinkling the granule formulation on pet food is desirable because it is easy to administer.
The pet food may contain additives such as antibiotics, antibacterial agents, enzymes, antifungal agents, antioxidants, pigments, sweeteners, and fragrances as necessary.
In order to suppress the decomposition of astaxanthin, if necessary, a substance having antioxidant ability can be added to the composition as a stabilizer. For example, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin E or their derivatives, tocotrinol, cysteine, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, citric acids, phosphates, polyphenols, nucleic acids, herbal medicines, seaweeds, inorganic substances, etc. One or a mixture of two or more selected from these antioxidants can also be added, but the use of unicellular heat-treated soybean powder is the most stable and desirable for the pet food of the present invention.
The amount of chrysanthemum potato used in the pet food of the present invention is a dry powder equivalent, 0.1 g to 50 g, preferably 1 g to 3 g per day, and the amount of astaxanthin is equivalent to astaxanthin free form. The dose is orally or parenterally administered at a dose of 0.1 mg to 100 mg, preferably 1 mg to 10 mg per day. The feeding time can be given at any time, and may be given once per day, or may be given several times. The dose varies depending on age, weight, symptom severity, and dosage form.
The present invention is applied to various pets. A pet is a pet animal, not an edible animal, but an animal that has been improved by humans and is often contacted by humans. Specific examples include dogs, cats, monkeys, birds, mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, hamsters, pigs, cows, sheep, horses, crocodiles, snakes, lizards, etc., especially suitable for dogs, cats, etc. Is done.

In order to describe the present invention in more detail, examples will be given below, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples. Astaxanthin in the examples is ASTOTS [registered trademark, Takeda Paperware Co., Ltd.] 1.0 PW, which is powdered astaxanthin extracted from Haematonicus algae, and contains 1% astaxanthin in terms of free form. Chrysanthemum powder is a dried powder of chrysanthemum.
[Example 1]

ASTOTS-1.0PW 5.0 parts by weight chrysanthemum powder 60.0 parts by weight unicellularized heat-treated soybean powder 35.0 parts by weight The above ingredients are mixed in a kneader, granulated using a fluid bed granulator, and granulated. (1 mm mesh pass) A feed additive was obtained.
[Comparative Example 1]
ASTOTS-1.0PW 5.0 parts by weight Unicellularized heat-treated soybean powder 95.0 parts by weight The above ingredients are mixed in a kneader, granulated using a fluid bed granulator, and granular (1 mm mesh pass) feed added An agent was obtained.
[Comparative Example 2]
Chrysanthemum pod powder 60.0 parts by weight Single cell heat-treated soybean powder 40.0 parts by weight The above ingredients are mixed in a kneader and granulated using a fluid bed granulator to obtain a granular (1 mm mesh pass) feed additive It was.
[Example 2]

A streptozocin-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetic dog (female, approximately 10 kg body weight) is first given 48 g of Eukanuba maintenance for adult dogs (Imus Japan Co., Ltd.) plus 2 g of unicellularized heat-treated soybean powder and administered immediately before administration. The blood glucose level was measured up to 10 hours later. To the same dog, 48 g of the same food plus 2 g of the feed additive of Example 1 was given twice a day, and blood glucose fluctuations after 3 days were measured in the same manner. Blood was collected from the jugular vein, and the blood collection time was 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 hours immediately before administration. The blood glucose level was measured by an enzyme method (Yatron Co., Ltd. reagent Iatro QCLU).
The test results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 1, the increase in blood glucose level after meal was suppressed by administration of chrysanthemum and astaxanthin-containing feed additive for a short period of 3 days.
[Comparative Example 3]
One streptozocin-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetic dog (female, approximately 10 kg body weight), first added with 2 g of single-cell heat-treated soybean powder to 48 g of eukanuba maintenance for adult dogs (Imus Japan Co., Ltd.) as in Example 2. The blood glucose level was measured from immediately before administration to 10 hours after administration. The same dog was given twice a day with 48 g of the same food plus 2 g of the feed additive of Comparative Example 1, and the blood glucose level change after 3 days was measured in the same manner. Blood was collected from the jugular vein, and the blood collection time was 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 hours immediately before administration. The blood glucose level was measured by an enzyme method (Yatron Co., Ltd. reagent Iatro QCLU).
The test results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 2, the feed additive containing only astaxanthin did not suppress the increase in blood glucose level after meal 3 days after administration.
[Comparative Example 4]
One streptozocin-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetic dog (female, approximately 10 kg body weight), 48 g of eukanuba maintenance for adult dogs (Imus Japan Co., Ltd.) as in Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, and 2 g of single-cell heat-treated soybean powder The blood glucose level was measured by giving the addition. To the same dog, 48 g of the same food plus 2 g of the feed additive of Comparative Example 2 was given twice a day, and blood glucose fluctuations after 3 days were measured in the same manner.
The test results are shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 3, the increase in blood glucose level after meal was not suppressed by the feed additive of chrysanthemums alone.
According to the present invention, it has been found that the combination of chrysanthemum and astaxanthin effectively suppresses an increase in blood glucose level due to diabetes. That is, it turns out that it is useful as a quick-acting pet food containing chrysanthemums and astaxanthin as active ingredients.

Claims (4)

  A pet food characterized by containing chrysanthemums and astaxanthin.   The pet food according to claim 1, which has the effect of treating, improving or preventing diabetes or diabetic complications comprising chrysanthemum and astaxanthin.   The pet is at least one of dog, cat, monkey, bird, mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, hamster, pig, cow, sheep, horse, crocodile, snake and lizard. Pet food as described in.   The pet food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pet is a dog or a cat.