JP5509403B2 - Maitake Cultivation Method and Maitake Yield Increaser - Google Patents
Maitake Cultivation Method and Maitake Yield Increaser Download PDFInfo
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本願発明は、マイタケ増収剤とマイタケ栽培用培地又は培養基ならびにマイタケ栽培方法に関し、なお詳しくは低分子化処理したヘミセルロースの有効利用によりマイタケの菌糸体伸長、マイタケの子実体増収を実現する新規なマイタケ栽培技術に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a maitake yield enhancer, a maitake cultivation medium or culture medium, and a maitake cultivation method. It is about cultivation technology.
食用きのこの人工栽培の主流は、今日では種々の制約を受ける原木人工栽培から菌床栽培法に移行し、マイタケについても環境を人工的に制御した施設内における大規模周年栽培が盛んになり、年間を通じて安定供給が行われるようになっている。
マイタケは美味な食用きのことしてその需要も大きいものであるが、エノキタケなどの安価な針葉樹を使用しての人工栽培にくらべ広葉樹を使用するため、生産コストが安価とは言えず、このため栽培期間の短縮、子実体収量の安定化、増収、高品質化が課題となっている。
The mainstream of artificial cultivation of edible mushrooms is now shifting from raw wood artificial cultivation, which is subject to various restrictions, to fungus bed cultivation, and large-scale anniversary cultivation in facilities where the environment is artificially controlled for maitake, Stable supply is provided throughout the year.
Maitake is a delicious edible mushroom, and its demand is great, but because it uses broadleaf trees compared to artificial cultivation using cheap conifers such as enokitake, it can not be said that the production cost is low, so the cultivation period Reduction, stabilization of fruit yield, increase in sales, and improvement in quality are issues.
きのこが旺盛に生育する第一段階としては、きのこの菌糸が培地内で速やかに生育することが必要であり、従来各種の対策が講じられている。
すなわち、例えば特開２０００−２７０６７５には高収量を得る目的で、豆皮と乾燥おからとを混合してなるマイタケ人工栽培用栄養剤が開示されている。
しかしながら、このような収量増加資材は、今後のバイオ燃料の増加が想定されることより、主原料であるおから、豆皮の安定的確保がより困難になるものと想定され、全体的な見地において、必ずしもマイタケ生産コストの低減に結びつくものではない。
As the first stage in which mushrooms grow vigorously, it is necessary that the mycelia of mushrooms grow quickly in the medium, and various measures have been taken conventionally.
That is, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-270675 discloses a nutritional agent for artificial cultivation of maitake, which is made by mixing soybean hulls and dried okara for the purpose of obtaining a high yield.
However, such yield-increasing materials are assumed to be more difficult to secure a stable bean hull because it is the main raw material because of the expected increase in biofuel in the future. However, this does not necessarily lead to a reduction in maitake production costs.
また、栽培期間の短縮、子実体の増収や品質の向上の目的で、きのこ菌糸の生育促進物として種々の物質（例えば、ピロロキノリンキノン，Ｃ−アデノシンモノフォスフェート（Ｃ−ＡＭＰ）、酸性プロテアーゼ阻害剤Ｓ−ＰＩ、セレブロシド、安息香酸、アルカロイド類など）が培地に添加される例がある。
そして、これらきのこ栽培後には、大量の廃菌床、すなわち腐朽材（粉）が排出されているが、これらの処分廃棄によって環境への負荷が危惧されている。
In addition, various substances (for example, pyrroloquinoline quinone, C-adenosine monophosphate (C-AMP), acidic protease) are used as growth promoters for mushroom mycelia for the purpose of shortening the cultivation period, increasing yield of fruit bodies and improving quality. Inhibitors S-PI, cerebroside, benzoic acid, alkaloids, etc.) are added to the medium.
After the cultivation of these mushrooms, a large amount of waste fungus bed, that is, decayed wood (powder) is discharged, but there is a concern about the environmental load due to disposal of these.
本願発明に関して、以下のような先行文献が存在している。
ヘミセルロースはセルロースに次ぐバイオマス中の構成多糖類であり、木材成分の２０−３５％を占めていて再生可能な資源である。このようなヘミセルロースの多方面における有効利用の開発は、森林資源の適正な再生活用に結びつくものである。
本願発明は、天然物由来で、実際にきのこによって利用されているヘミセルロースの生理作用を利用して食用きのことして、日常の食生活に不可欠ともなっているマイタケの効率的な栽培を実現して生産者、消費者の双方の需要に対応しようとするものである。
Hemicellulose is a constituent polysaccharide in biomass after cellulose and occupies 20-35% of wood components and is a renewable resource. The development of effective utilization of such hemicellulose in various fields leads to the appropriate recycling of forest resources.
The invention of the present application is a producer of edible mushrooms that are essential for daily eating habits by using the physiological effects of hemicellulose that is derived from natural products and actually used by mushrooms. It is intended to meet the demands of both consumers.
本願発明は、以下の工程からなるマイタケ栽培における菌糸伸長促進方法を提供して、上記従来の課題を解決しようとするものである。
（イ） グルコマンナンに10kGy/hの線量率で100kGy又は500kGyのいずれかでγ線照射を行う工程、
（ロ） 前記工程を経たグルコマンナンをpH5.6-5.7に調整した培地に0.25ないし４％の範囲のいずれかを添加する工程、
（ハ） マイタケ菌糸を前記工程（ロ）による培地に接種して培養する工程。
The present invention provides a method for promoting hyphal elongation in maitake cultivation comprising the following steps, and intends to solve the above-described conventional problems.
(B) A step of γ- irradiating glucomannan at a dose rate of 10 kGy / h at either 100 kGy or 500 kGy ,
(B) A step of adding any of 0.25 to 4% to the medium in which the glucomannan having undergone the above step is adjusted to pH 5.6-5.7,
(C) A step of inoculating maitake mycelia in the medium of step (b) and culturing.
また、本願発明は以下の工程からなるマイタケ栽培における菌糸伸長促進方法を提供して上記従来の課題を解決しようとするものである。
（イ） 限外ろ過によりラクトース等の糖類を除去したマンナーゼ製剤に係る
酵素液を透析処理する工程、
（ロ） グルコマンナン水溶液に前記工程（イ）に係る酵素液を加え分解反応させる工程、
（ハ） 前記工程（ロ）にかかる酵素分解液を凍結乾燥する工程、
前記工程（ハ）により得られた粉末状の糖類を添加した培地にマイタケ菌又はマイタケ菌糸を接種して培養する工程。
Moreover, this invention intends to solve the said conventional subject by providing the mycelium elongation promotion method in the maitake cultivation which consists of the following processes.
(A) a step of dialysis of an enzyme solution according to a mannase preparation from which sugars such as lactose have been removed by ultrafiltration;
(B) a step of adding an enzyme solution according to the step (a) to a glucomannan aqueous solution to cause a decomposition reaction;
(C) a step of freeze-drying the enzyme decomposition solution according to the step (b);
A step of inoculating and cultivating maitake fungi or maitake mycelium on the medium to which the powdered saccharide obtained in the step (c) is added.
さらに、本願発明は以下の工程からなるマイタケ栽培における菌糸伸長促進方法を提供して上記従来の課題を解決しようとするものである。
（イ） 限外ろ過によりラクトースその他の糖類を除去したマンナーゼ製剤に係る酵素液を透析処理する工程、
（ロ） ガラクトマンナン水溶液に前記工程（イ）に係る酵素液を加え分解反応させる工程、
（ハ） 前記工程（ロ）にかかる酵素分解液を凍結乾燥する工程、
（ニ） 前記工程（ハ）により得られた粉末状の糖類を添加した培地にマイタケ菌又はマイタケ菌糸を接種して培養する工程。
Furthermore, the present invention seeks to solve the above conventional problems by providing a method for promoting hyphal elongation in maitake cultivation comprising the following steps.
(A) a step of dialysis of an enzyme solution according to a mannase preparation from which lactose and other saccharides have been removed by ultrafiltration;
(B) a step of adding the enzyme solution according to the step (a) to a galactomannan aqueous solution to cause a decomposition reaction;
(C) a step of freeze-drying the enzyme decomposition solution according to the step (b);
(D) A step of inoculating and cultivating maitake fungi or maitake mycelium on the medium added with the powdered saccharide obtained in the step (c).
またさらに、本願発明は以下の工程からなるマイタケ栽培方法を提供して上記従来の課題を解決する。
（イ） グルコマンナンに500kGyのγ線照射を行う工程、
（ロ） 前記工程（イ）で得られたグルコマンナンを乾燥重量で0.5ないし４％を滅菌処理した菌床培地へ添加する工程、
（ハ） 前記工程（ロ）に係る菌床培地へマイタケ菌糸体を接種する工程、
（ニ） マイタケ菌糸体の接種後、所定の温度ならびに湿度の暗所で培養して原基形成する工程、
（ホ） 前記工程（ニ）で形成された原基を高湿度条件下で子実体を発生させる工程。
Furthermore, this invention provides the maitake cultivation method which consists of the following processes and solves the said conventional subject.
(A) A process of irradiating glucomannan with 500 kGy of γ-rays,
(B) A step of adding the glucomannan obtained in the step (a) to a sterilized bacterial bed medium having a dry weight of 0.5 to 4%,
(C) a step of inoculating maitake mycelium on the fungal bed medium according to the step (b),
(D) After inoculation with maitake mycelium, culturing in the dark at a predetermined temperature and humidity to form a primordium,
(E) A step of generating a fruit body from the primordium formed in the step (d) under high humidity conditions.
本願発明はまた、以下の工程からなるマイタケ栽培方法を提供して上記従来の課題を解決する。
（イ） ブナオガ粉にふすまを添加して菌床培地を形成する工程、
（ロ） 前記工程（イ）に係る菌床培地に乾燥重量比率あたり４％のγ線（500kGy）照射したグルコマンナンを添加するとともにマイタケ種菌種を接種して培養する工程、
（ハ） 暗所での所定期間培養後、点灯により子実体の原基形成を促し、管孔が明白なった時点で子実体を採取する工程。
This invention also provides the maitake cultivation method which consists of the following processes and solves the said conventional subject.
(I) a process for forming a fungus bed medium by adding bran to beech wood powder,
(B) adding glucomannan irradiated with γ-rays (500 kGy) of 4% per dry weight ratio to the bacterial bed medium according to the step (b) and inoculating and inoculating a maitake inoculum species;
(C) A step of collecting the fruiting body when the tube hole becomes apparent after the primordial formation of the fruiting body is promoted by lighting after culturing in a dark place for a predetermined period.
本願発明はさらに、γ線（500kGy）照射処理したグルコマンナンを主成分とするマイタケ増収剤を提供して、上記従来の課題を解決する。 The present invention further provides a maitake yield-increasing agent mainly composed of glucomannan that has been irradiated with γ-rays (500 kGy) to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.
本願発明はまた、マイタケ栽培用の菌床培地であって、ブナオガ粉とふすまならびにγ線（500kGy）照射グルコマンナンからなり、所定の含水率を有してなるマイタケ栽培用菌床培地を提供する。 The present invention also provides a fungus bed medium for cultivating maitake, comprising a beech tree powder, bran and γ-ray (500 kGy) irradiated glucomannan, and having a predetermined moisture content. .
また、上記段落００１３記載のマイタケ栽培用の菌床培地において、γ線（500kGy）照射グルコマンナンは、ブナオガ粉とふすまの乾燥重量比率あたり４％となすように構成することがある。 Moreover, in the fungus bed culture medium for maitake cultivation described in paragraph 0013 above, the γ-irradiated glucomannan (500 kGy) may be configured to be 4% per dry weight ratio of beech leaf powder and bran.
以上の構成により本願発明にあっては、マイタケの人工栽培において、木材等の天然物由来のヘミセルロースを使用することにより効率的な栽培を可能とし、併せて森林資源の有効活用が実現できる。また、使用済みの培地、培養基の廃棄に際しても環境に過分な負荷を与える恐れがない。 With the above configuration, in the present invention, in the artificial cultivation of maitake, efficient cultivation is possible by using hemicellulose derived from natural products such as wood, and effective utilization of forest resources can be realized. In addition, there is no risk of overloading the environment when discarding used media and culture media.
本願発明に係るマイタケ増収剤はヘミセルロースを主成分としており、これは植物の細胞壁を構成する多糖類のうち、セルロース、ペクチン以外のものをさしている。したがって、酸性多糖類、ポリガラクツロン酸、アルギン酸は除かれる。 The maitake yield enhancer according to the present invention contains hemicellulose as a main component, and this refers to polysaccharides other than cellulose and pectin among the polysaccharides constituting the cell walls of plants. Therefore, acidic polysaccharides, polygalacturonic acid, and alginic acid are excluded.
ヘミセルロースは、高分子であることから粘性が高い、若しくは水溶性が低いなどの性質を有しているが、本願発明では低分子化処理によりこれらの点を改善して培地等の内部への速やかな混合を可能としている。ヘミセルロースの低分子化処理は、硫酸、塩酸などによる化学的な処理方法もあるが、酸処理による分解では反応後に酸の中和や余剰の塩を除去する処理などが必要となる。本願発明では、このような化学的酸処理によらず、γ線照射処理、酵素処理により低分子化処理をなすため前記のような問題は発生しない。 Hemicellulose has properties such as high viscosity and low water solubility because it is a polymer, but in the present invention, these points are improved by the low molecular weight treatment, and the inside of the medium or the like can be promptly introduced. Mixing is possible. The hemicellulose molecular weight reduction treatment includes a chemical treatment method using sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or the like, but decomposition by acid treatment requires treatment of neutralizing the acid or removing excess salt after the reaction. In the present invention, the above-described problems do not occur because the molecular weight reduction treatment is performed by γ-ray irradiation treatment and enzyme treatment regardless of such chemical acid treatment.
本発明における放射線照射量、すなわち線量は、ヘミセルロースの低分子化処理するのに必要十分な線量である必要がある。具体的には、γ線の照射に関しては、その線量率を10kGy/hとして、ほぼ100kGy前後からの照射効果がみられるが、より望ましくは500kGy程度である。 In the present invention, the irradiation dose, that is, the dose needs to be a dose that is necessary and sufficient for the treatment for lowering the molecular weight of hemicellulose. Specifically, with respect to the irradiation of γ-rays, an irradiation effect from about 100 kGy is observed with a dose rate of 10 kGy / h, but more preferably about 500 kGy.
低分子化処理はヘミセルロース、換言すればヘミセルロースにおける多糖類であるが、例えばグルコマンナンを処理した場合、寒天培地（PDA）における添加濃度は、4%を添加した場合、無添加に比べて、菌糸体密度が高くなる。 Low molecular weight treatment is hemicellulose, in other words, polysaccharides in hemicellulose. For example, when glucomannan is treated, the concentration in the agar medium (PDA) is 4%. Increases body density.
子実体の形成についても、菌床培地培養において4%添加の場合に収量増加傾向が顕著である。 Regarding the formation of fruiting bodies, the tendency of increasing the yield is remarkable when 4% is added in the culture of the bacterial bed medium.
酵素分解による、低分子化処理は周知の酵素を用いて処理し、反応後に得られる酵素分解糖液を凍結乾燥して粉末化したものを、寒天培地（PDA）の例えば4%添加により、顕著な菌糸増殖活性が得られる。 Low molecular weight treatment by enzymatic degradation is performed using a well-known enzyme, and the enzyme-decomposed sugar solution obtained after the reaction is freeze-dried and pulverized, for example by adding 4% of agar medium (PDA). Excellent mycelial growth activity.
以下、本願発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
実施例１：
イ． まず、キシラン（カバ由来のキシランから水溶性キシランを調整）、ガラクトマンナン（ローカストビーン由来）、グルコマンナン（コンニャク由来）および酸性多糖類であるポリガラツロン酸、アルギン酸をγ線照射により低分子化し、これらの照射産物を所定の添加量を含む寒天培地（ＰＤＡ）を作製し、これらの培地上に食用担子菌（エノキタケ、シイタケ、ブナシメジ、マイタケ）を接種し、菌糸伸長活性を調べた。
ロ． 前記多糖類試料をポリエチレン製の袋に詰め、10kGy/hの線量率で100kGy、500kGyのγ線照射を行った。
ハ． あらかじめ上記とは別の寒天培地（ＰＤＡ）上で生育させた各食用担子菌（エノキタケ、シイタケ、ブナシメジ、マイタケ）の菌糸を培地ごと５ｍｍ径のコルクボーラーで打ち抜き、γ線照射処理をなした前記多糖類を、0.25,0.50,0.75,1%をそれぞれ添加したＰＤＡ培地（pH5.6-5.7に調整）に接種した。他方、γ線処理していない前記多糖類を同様量添加した培地を用意して、前記同様に接種した。接種後、各培地は摂氏２４度の暗所で恒温静置培養を行い、エノキタケおよびシイタケは７日培養、ブナシメジは１２日培養、マイタケは１３日の培養をなした。
菌糸伸長の程度をコロニーの大きさを測定することにより比較した。
ニ． 前記培養後、菌糸伸長の程度をコロニーの大きさを測定することにより比較したところ、γ線照射前の多糖類の添加では担子菌の菌糸を伸長させる結果は得られなかったが、γ線照射処理を行った多糖類のうち、グルコマンナンの添加がマイタケの成長に好影響を与えることが明らかとなった。なお、照射は、100kGy、500kGyのいずれでも効果がみられたが、特に500kGyの場合が顕著であった。
ホ． マイタケ以外の担子菌（エノキタケ、シイタケ、ブナシメジ）では有意義な効果は認められなかった。なお、γ線照射処理のグルコマンナンの添加量を４％まで拡げて検討したところ、４％添加の場合、マイタケ菌糸体は無添加の場合に比べて約１．８倍となった。また、目視において、無添加より４％添加の方が菌糸体密度は高かった。
Example 1:
A. First, xylan (adjusting water-soluble xylan from hippo-derived xylan), galactomannan (derived from locust bean), glucomannan (derived from konjac), and polygalaturonic acid and alginic acid, which are acidic polysaccharides, are reduced in molecular weight by gamma irradiation. An agar medium (PDA) containing a predetermined amount of the irradiated product was prepared, edible basidiomycetes (Enokitake, Shiitake, Bunashimeji, Maitake) were inoculated on these mediums, and mycelial elongation activity was examined.
B. The polysaccharide sample was packed in a polyethylene bag and irradiated with 100 kGy and 500 kGy of γ rays at a dose rate of 10 kGy / h.
C. The hyphae of each edible basidiomycete (enokitake, shiitake, bunashimeji, maitake) previously grown on an agar medium (PDA) different from the above was punched with a 5 mm diameter cork borer together with the medium and subjected to γ-ray irradiation treatment The polysaccharide was inoculated into PDA medium (adjusted to pH 5.6-5.7) supplemented with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1%, respectively. On the other hand, a medium supplemented with the same amount of the polysaccharide not treated with γ-rays was prepared and inoculated in the same manner as described above. After inoculation, each medium was subjected to constant temperature culture in the dark at 24 degrees Celsius. Enokitake and Shiitake were cultured for 7 days, Bunashimeji were cultured for 12 days, and Maitake were cultured for 13 days.
The extent of hyphal elongation was compared by measuring the size of the colonies.
D. After the culture, the degree of mycelial elongation was compared by measuring the size of the colony. The addition of the polysaccharide before γ-irradiation did not result in the elongation of basidiomycete hyphae, but γ-irradiation Among the treated polysaccharides, it was revealed that the addition of glucomannan had a positive effect on the growth of maitake. Irradiation was effective at both 100 kGy and 500 kGy, but the effect was particularly remarkable at 500 kGy.
E. No significant effect was observed with basidiomycetes other than maitake (enokitake, shiitake, bunashimeji). In addition, when the addition amount of the glucomannan of the γ-ray irradiation treatment was expanded to 4%, the mycelia of the maitake mycelia were about 1.8 times that of the case of 4% addition compared to the case of no addition. In addition, visually, the mycelial density was higher when 4% was added than when it was not added.
実施例２：
酵素分解したグルコマンナン、ガラクトマンナンのマイタケ菌糸伸長に対する特性を検証した。
イ． まず、マンナーゼ製剤セルロシンＧＭ５（ＨＢＩ社製）を用い、製剤中に含まれるラクトース等の糖類を除くため、限外ろ過により酵素液を透析処理した。
ロ． 各１０ｇのガラクトマンナン、グルコマンナン水溶液（２％）に酵素液（13.8U/ml）を200ml加え、摂氏４０度で６時間分解反応させた。
ハ． 得られた酵素分解糖液を凍結乾燥した。
ニ． 凍結乾燥により得られた粉末状の糖類を0,0.5,1,2,4%添加した寒天培地（ＰＤＡ）を作製して、前記実施例１と同様の比較試験を行ったところ、４％添加の場合、マイタケの菌糸伸長は無添加の場合に比べて約１．８倍となった。
Example 2:
The properties of enzymatically degraded glucomannan and galactomannan against maitake mycelium elongation were examined.
A. First, in order to remove saccharides, such as lactose, contained in the preparation using the mannase preparation cellulosin GM5 (manufactured by HBI), the enzyme solution was dialyzed by ultrafiltration.
B. 200 ml of an enzyme solution (13.8 U / ml) was added to 10 g of each galactomannan and glucomannan aqueous solution (2%), and a decomposition reaction was performed at 40 degrees Celsius for 6 hours.
C. The obtained enzyme-decomposed sugar solution was lyophilized.
D. An agar medium (PDA) supplemented with 0,0.5,1,2,4% of powdered saccharide obtained by lyophilization was prepared, and the same comparative test as in Example 1 was conducted. In this case, the mycelial elongation of maitake was about 1.8 times that in the case of no addition.
実施例３：
500kGyのγ線照射を行ったグルコマンナンを菌床培地へ添加し、マイタケの試験管栽培をなした。
イ． 菌床培地の構成はブナオガ粉とふすまが乾燥重量比３：１、含水率６５％のものにγ線照射グルコマンナンを乾燥重量で0,0.5,1,2,4%含有するものである。
ロ． 上記の菌床培地は、直径２１ｍｍの試験管に高さが約１３ｃｍとなるように培地を３２ｇ充填した。
ハ． 次いで、各試験管を摂氏１２１度で４０分間滅菌後、ＰＤＡ培地上で培養したマイタケ菌糸体を接種した。
ニ． 接種後、摂氏２２度、湿度７０％の暗所で培養し、原基形成後に湿度９５％の発生室に異動させて子実体の発生を試みたところ、子実体の収量増加傾向が認められた。
Example 3:
Glucomannan that was irradiated with 500 kGy of γ-rays was added to the fungal bed medium, and maitake was grown in a test tube.
A. The composition of the fungus bed medium is that the beech powder and bran have a dry weight ratio of 3: 1 and a moisture content of 65%, and γ-irradiated glucomannan contains 0,0.5,1,2,4% by dry weight.
B. The above bacterial bed medium was filled with 32 g of a medium so that a test tube having a diameter of 21 mm had a height of about 13 cm.
C. Next, each test tube was sterilized at 121 degrees Celsius for 40 minutes and then inoculated with maitake mycelium cultured on PDA medium.
D. After inoculation, the cells were cultured in a dark place at 22 degrees Celsius and 70% humidity, and after the formation of the primordial, it was transferred to a generation room with 95% humidity, and generation of fruiting bodies was attempted. .
実施例４：
次に、菌床培地重量1.25kgを使用して袋栽培試験を行った。
イ． 菌床培地の構成は、培地基材はブナオガ粉、培地添加物はふすまとし、これらを乾燥重量比３：１で含み、乾燥重量比率あたり０％から４％のγ線照射（500kGy）したグルコマンナンを添加した菌床培地を含水率６５％で作製した。
ロ． 完成した上記培地を滅菌後、マイタケ種菌種（森５１号）を接種し、培養を行った。
ハ． 培養４８日経過後、点灯により原基形成を促し、１週間経過後に発生室に異動させて、４日後に袋カットを行った。
ニ． 収穫は管孔が開く直前として発生した子実体の生重量を測定した。なお、各処理区の供試数は１２菌床とした。 子実体の収量は、γ線照射処理したグルコマンナンを添加していないケースでその平均収量は２１５ｇであったのに対して、γ線照射処理したグルコマンナンを４％添加したケースではその平均収量は、図1のグラフに示すように、２３８ｇに達し、γ線照射処理したグルコマンナン添加の効果は明らかであった。
Example 4:
Next, a bag cultivation test was conducted using a bacterial bed medium weight of 1.25 kg.
A. The composition of the fungus bed medium is that the medium substrate is beech powder, the medium additive is bran, these are contained at a dry weight ratio of 3: 1, and the glucos irradiated with gamma rays (500 kGy) from 0% to 4% per dry weight ratio. A bacterial bed medium supplemented with mannan was prepared at a water content of 65%.
B. The completed medium was sterilized, and inoculated with maitake seeds (Mori 51) and cultured.
C. After 48 days of culturing, primordium formation was promoted by lighting, and after 1 week, it was moved to the generation chamber, and a bag was cut after 4 days.
D. Harvesting was performed by measuring the fresh weight of the fruiting body just before the opening of the tube. The number of samples in each treatment area was 12 bacterial beds. The yield of fruiting bodies was 215 g in the case where glucomannan treated with γ-irradiation was not added, whereas the average yield was 4% in the case where glucomannan treated with γ-irradiation was added. As shown in the graph of FIG. 1, it reached 238 g, and the effect of adding glucomannan treated with γ-rays was clear.
Claims (8)
（イ） グルコマンナンに10kGy/hの線量率で100kGy又は500kGyのいずれかでγ線照射を行う工程、
（ロ） 前記工程を経たグルコマンナンをpH5.6-5.7に調整した培地に0.25ないし４％の範囲のいずれかを添加する工程、
（ハ） マイタケ菌糸を前記工程（ロ）による培地に接種して培養する工程。 A method for promoting hyphal elongation in maitake cultivation comprising the following steps .
(B) A step of γ- irradiating glucomannan at a dose rate of 10 kGy / h at either 100 kGy or 500 kGy ,
(B) A step of adding any of 0.25 to 4% to the medium in which the glucomannan having undergone the above step is adjusted to pH 5.6-5.7,
(C) A step of inoculating maitake mycelia in the medium of step (b) and culturing.
（イ） 限外ろ過によりラクトース等の糖類を除去したマンナーゼ製剤に係る酵素液を透析処理する工程、
（ロ） グルコマンナン水溶液に前記工程（イ）に係る酵素液を加え分解反応させる工程、
（ハ） 前記工程（ロ）にかかる酵素分解液を凍結乾燥する工程、
前記工程（ハ）により得られた粉末状の糖類を添加した培地にマイタケ菌又はマイタケ菌糸を接種して培養する工程。 A method for promoting hyphal elongation in maitake cultivation comprising the following steps.
(A) a step of dialysis of an enzyme solution according to a mannase preparation from which sugars such as lactose have been removed by ultrafiltration;
(B) a step of adding an enzyme solution according to the step (a) to a glucomannan aqueous solution to cause a decomposition reaction;
(C) a step of freeze-drying the enzyme decomposition solution according to the step (b);
A step of inoculating and cultivating maitake fungi or maitake mycelium on the medium to which the powdered saccharide obtained in the step (c) is added.
（イ） 限外ろ過によりラクトースその他の糖類を除去したマンナーゼ製剤に係る酵素液を透析処理する工程、
（ロ） ガラクトマンナン水溶液に前記工程（イ）に係る酵素液を加え分解反応させる工程、
（ハ） 前記工程（ロ）にかかる酵素分解液を凍結乾燥する工程、
（ニ） 前記工程（ハ）により得られた粉末状の糖類を添加した培地にマイタケ菌又はマイタケ菌糸を接種して培養する工程。 A method for promoting hyphal elongation in maitake cultivation comprising the following steps .
(A) a step of dialysis of an enzyme solution according to a mannase preparation from which lactose and other saccharides have been removed by ultrafiltration;
(B) a step of adding the enzyme solution according to the step (a) to a galactomannan aqueous solution to cause a decomposition reaction;
(C) a step of freeze-drying the enzyme decomposition solution according to the step (b);
(D) A step of inoculating and cultivating maitake fungi or maitake mycelium on the medium added with the powdered saccharide obtained in the step (c).
（イ） グルコマンナンに500kGyのγ線照射を行う工程、
（ロ） 前記工程（イ）で得られたグルコマンナンを乾燥重量で0.5ないし４％を滅菌処理した菌床培地へ添加する工程、
（ハ） 前記工程（ロ）に係る菌床培地へマイタケ菌糸体を接種する工程、
（ニ） マイタケ菌糸体の接種後、所定の温度ならびに湿度の暗所で培養して原基形成する工程、
（ホ） 前記工程（ニ）で形成された原基を高湿度条件下で子実体を発生させる工程。 Maitake cultivation method consisting of the following steps.
(A) A process of irradiating glucomannan with 500 kGy of γ-rays,
(B) A step of adding the glucomannan obtained in the step (a) to a sterilized bacterial bed medium having a dry weight of 0.5 to 4%,
(C) a step of inoculating maitake mycelium on the fungal bed medium according to the step (b),
(D) After inoculation with maitake mycelium, culturing in the dark at a predetermined temperature and humidity to form a primordium,
(E) A step of generating a fruit body from the primordium formed in the step (d) under high humidity conditions.
（イ） ブナオガ粉にふすまを添加して菌床培地を形成する工程、
（ロ） 前記工程（イ）に係る菌床培地に乾燥重量比率あたり４％のγ線（500kGy）照射したグルコマンナンを添加するとともにマイタケ種菌種を接種して培養する工程、
（ハ） 暗所での所定期間培養後、点灯により子実体の原基形成を促し、管孔が明白なった時点で子実体を採取する工程。 Maitake cultivation method consisting of the following steps.
(I) a process for forming a fungus bed medium by adding bran to beech wood powder,
(B) adding glucomannan irradiated with γ-rays (500 kGy) of 4% per dry weight ratio to the bacterial bed medium according to the step (b) and inoculating and inoculating a maitake inoculum species;
(C) A step of collecting the fruiting body when the tube hole becomes apparent after the primordial formation of the fruiting body is promoted by lighting after culturing in a dark place for a predetermined period.
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