JP5496480B2 - 酵母変異株 - Google Patents
酵母変異株 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5496480B2 JP5496480B2 JP2008196787A JP2008196787A JP5496480B2 JP 5496480 B2 JP5496480 B2 JP 5496480B2 JP 2008196787 A JP2008196787 A JP 2008196787A JP 2008196787 A JP2008196787 A JP 2008196787A JP 5496480 B2 JP5496480 B2 JP 5496480B2
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Description
(2) また、本発明は、前記(1)に記載の酵母変異株の乾燥酵母菌体を提供するものである。
(3) また、本発明は、前記(1)に記載の酵母変異株を培養して、当該酵母株菌体内に含硫化合物を乾燥重量で1.6wt%以上に蓄積させることを特徴とする、含硫化合物高含有酵母の製造方法を提供するものである。
(4) また、本発明は、前記(1)に記載の酵母変異株の培養物を提供するものである。
これらの中でも、可食性であることから、キャンディダ・トロピカリス(Candidatropicalis)、キャンディダ・リポリティカ(Candida lypolitica)、キャンディダ・ユーティリス(Candida utilis)、キャンディダ・サケ(Candida sake)、サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)などが好ましく、より好ましくは汎用されているサッカロマイセス・セレビシエである。
また、他の遺伝子の変異株であってもよい。例えば、S代謝に関連する遺伝子の変異株を用いることにより、より含硫化合物を高含有する酵母変異株が得られる。
なお、本発明においては、含硫有機化合物とは、S(硫黄)含有アミノ酸を有する化合物を意味する。具体的には、図1に示すサッカロマイセス・セレビシエのS代謝マップ中に記載されている、グルタチオン、システイン、ホモシステイン、メチオニン、アデノシルメチオニン、アデノシルホモシステイン、シスタチオニン、γグルタミルシステイン等が挙げられる。本発明においては、有用な生理活性が高い点から、グルタチオンであることが好ましい。
このようにして本発明では、サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ ABYC1592株を親株とし、戻し交配を行なうことによって、新規な変異株であるサッカロマイセス・セレビシエ ABYC1569株が得られた。
本発明におけるグルタチオンとは、還元型および酸化型のグルタチオンの総グルタチオン量を意味するものである。
具体的には、上記ABYC1569株を培養して、当該菌体内に含硫化合物を乾燥重量当たり0.8wt%以上、好ましくは1.6wt%以上含有させることができる。
本発明を実施するには、前述の方法で得られた酵母変異株を炭素源、窒素源及び無機塩等を含む培地で培養すればよい。
培養物から含硫化合物を含有する分画物を分画する方法としては、通常行われている方法であればいずれの方法でもよい。例えば、熱水抽出、菌体破砕による抽出等により得られた抽出物を、含硫化合物と親和性の高い物質を担持したアフィニティカラムを用いて分画することにより、含硫化合物を高濃度に含む画分に濃縮精製することが可能となる。
野生型サッカロマイセス・セレビジエYNN27株を、YPD培地(グルコース2%、ポリペプトン2%、イーストエキス1%)を含む試験管で対数増殖期まで培養した。この菌体を回収し、常法に従いEMSを用いて変異処理を行った。変異処理は死滅率約70%になるような条件で行った。
YNN27株およびmet30点変異株であるABYC1592株を用いて、doa1Δ株の取得を行った。
また、反応溶液の組成は下記のとおりである。
ゲノムDNA 1μl
10×Colned Pfu Reaction
Buffer(STRATAGENE社) 5μl
2nM each dNTP 5μl
10pmol/μl DOA1−Fプライマー 1μl
10pmol/μl DOA1−Rプライマー 1μl
Pfu Turbo(STRATAGENE社) 0.25μl
超純水(MilliQ水) 36.75μl
Total 50μl
まず、YNN27株及びABYC1592株をYPD培地で培養し、その対数増殖期に集菌した。滅菌水で洗浄した後、10mMトリス、1mM EDTA、0.1M酢酸リチウム溶液に懸濁し、コンピテントセルとした。PCR産物0.1μg、キャリヤーDNA100μg、調製したコンピテントセル100μlを含むチューブに40%ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、10mMトリス、1mM EDTA、0.1M酢酸リチウム溶液を400μl添加し、30℃で30分間保持した。さらに40μlジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)を添加した後、42℃で15分間保持した。この菌液を15000rpm 5分間遠心し集菌し、YPD培地に懸濁し、30℃で18時間培養した。この培養液を、G418を500μg/mlの濃度で含有するYPD培地に塗布しG418耐性株を取得した。
親株、ABYC1569株及びABYC1592株をSD培地(Yeast nitrogen base without amino acid 0.67%、グルコース2%)で培養し、培養開始16時間後のグルタチオン蓄積量を測定した。変異株におけるグルタチン含有量の測定結果を表1に示す。
変異株における各種MET遺伝子のmRNA量の網羅的解析を、DNAマイクロアレイを用いて実施した。測定は親株であるYNN27株とmet30変異株(ABYC1592株)、実施例2で作製したYNN27株のdoa1Δ株、及びABYC1592株のdoa1Δ株間で行った。
doa1遺伝子欠失株では、MET16やMET5など、親株と比較して発現量が増加している遺伝子が存在した。一方、met30、doa1二重変異株では、met30点変異株で認められたS代謝関連遺伝子群の発現量の増加が、さらに亢進していた。
親株、met30点変異株(ABYC1592株)および実施例2で取得したdoa1Δ株をSD培地で16時間培養した。実施例4と同様の方法により全RNAを抽出し、得られた全RNA100ngを用いて定量PCR法により定量を行った。定量PCRを実施した遺伝子は、SUL2、MET5、MET16、MET25、CYS3、GSH1およびインターナルマーカーとしてACT1である。定量PCR法で増幅させた領域と同一の領域をpCR2.1−TOPOベクターに挿入したプラスミドを作製し、モル濃度を計算し、スタンダードとして用いた。SUL2、MET5、MET16、MET25、CYS3、GSH1およびACT1の増幅用プライマーとして、表4に示す合成DNAを用いた。
2xSYBR Green PCR Master Mix 25μl
(Applied Biosystems社製)
MultiScribe Reverse 0.25μl
Transcriptase(Applied Biosystems社製)
RNase Inhibitor 1μl
(Applied Biosystems社製)
Forward primer(10pmol/μl) 1μl
Reverse primer(10pmol/μl) 1μl
Template 100ng
Total 50μl
Claims (4)
- サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ ABYC1569(受託番号FERM P−20386)である酵母変異株。
- 請求項1に記載の酵母変異株の乾燥酵母菌体。
- 請求項1に記載の酵母変異株を培養して、当該酵母株菌体内に含硫化合物を乾燥重量で1.6wt%以上に蓄積させることを特徴とする、含硫化合物高含有酵母の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の酵母変異株の培養物。
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