JP5465239B2 - 耐熱超合金から成るワークを溶接する方法と装置 - Google Patents
耐熱超合金から成るワークを溶接する方法と装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/007—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of copper or another noble metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
- F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/80—Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
複数の溶接パラメータが、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように選定され、前記溶加材の付着が層毎に行われ、先に肉盛りされた層の少なくともその層厚さの半分以下が再溶融されることによって、層間に多結晶の溶接継目を発生させることを特徴とする。
例えば500mm/分より大きなプロセス速度の場合、溶接出力並びに入熱ゾーンの直径についての運転パラメータは、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように調節することができる。
前記移送装置は相対運動を引き起こすために熱源と供給装置を動かすために、有利には熱源および溶加材の供給装置に接続されている。これは一般にワークを動かすより煩雑でない。本発明に基づく溶接装置において熱源として特にレーザが利用される。本発明に基づく溶接装置はさらに、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように溶接パラメータを調整する制御プログラムを備えた制御装置を有している。特にその制御装置は、溶接パラメータとして、少なくとも前記レーザの出力、ビーム直径、プロセス速度を制御することにより、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように調整する。この場合、溶接は少なくとも250mm/分のプロセス速度で実施され、特に500mm/分より大きなプロセス速度で実施することができる。
これは特に、母材並びに溶加材がγ′相形成ニッケル基耐熱合金である場合においても成り立つ。その結果、本発明に基づく方法および本発明に基づく装置で得られる溶接の品質は、例えばタービン翼あるいは他の部材の大きく負荷される部位における修繕や接合の目的における構造的な溶接に対して受け入れられる品質である。
環状燃焼器110に内張りされた遮熱要素のほかに、作動媒体113の流れ方向に見て最初のタービン段112の静翼130と動翼120が最も強く熱負荷される。
Claims (12)
- 複数層においてワーク表面(10)への溶加材(13)の付着が入熱ゾーン(11)および該入熱ゾーンに溶加材を供給するための供給ゾーンにおいて行われ、その入熱ゾーン(11)および供給ゾーンが、ワーク表面(10)と相対運動される耐熱超合金から成るワーク(9)を溶接する方法であって、
複数の溶接パラメータが、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように選定され、前記溶加材(13)の付着が層毎に行われ、先に肉盛りされた層(19)の少なくともその層厚さの半分以下が再溶融されることによって、層間に多結晶の溶接継目を発生させることを特徴とする耐熱超合金から成るワーク(9)を溶接する方法。 - 前記入熱ゾーンへの入熱をレーザにより行い、溶接パラメータとして、少なくとも前記レーザの出力、ビーム直径、プロセス速度を制御することにより、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように調整されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- プロセス速度が少なくとも250mm/分であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 各層(19、21)に対して入熱ゾーン(11)および供給ゾーンが溶接方向(S1、S2)に沿ってワーク表面(10)に対して相対運動され、相前後する層(19、21)の溶接方向(S1、S2)が相対的に回転されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 入熱ゾーン(11)および供給ゾーンが、溶接方向(S1、S2)に沿って溶接方向を中心に振動する軌道(P1、P2)上をワーク表面(10)に対して相対運動されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- ワーク(9)がγ′相含有ニッケル基超合金から成り、溶加材(13)がγ′相形成ニッケル基超合金であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 溶加材(13)の付着に続いて熱処理が行われることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- ワーク表面(10)に入熱ゾーン(11)を発生するための熱源(3)と、
入熱ゾーン(11)に溶加材(13)を供給するための供給装置(5)と、
熱源(3)および供給装置(5)と、ワーク表面(10)との相対運動を発生するための移送装置(15)と、
を備えた耐熱超合金から成るワーク(9)を溶接するための溶接装置であって、
前記溶加材(13)の付着が層毎に行われ、先に肉盛りされた層(19)の少なくともその層厚さの半分以下が再溶融されることによって、層間に多結晶の溶接継目を発生させ、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように複数の溶接パラメータを調整する制御装置(17)が設けられていることを特徴とする耐熱超合金から成るワーク(9)を溶接するための溶接装置。 - 熱源(3)がレーザであり、制御装置(17)が、溶接パラメータとして、少なくとも前記レーザの出力、ビーム直径、プロセス速度を制御することにより、材料の凝固時における冷却速度が少なくとも8000ケルビン温度/秒であるように調整することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の溶接装置。
- 制御装置(17)が相対運動を少なくとも250mm/分のプロセス速度で実施することを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の溶接装置。
- 制御プログラムが入熱ゾーン(11)および供給ゾーンを溶接方向(S1、S2)に沿って溶接方向(S1、S2)を中心に振動する軌道(P1、P2)上をワーク表面(10)にわたり動かすことを特徴とする請求項8ないし10のいずれか1つに記載の溶接装置。
- 制御プログラムが層毎の溶接時に相前後する層(19、21)の溶接方向(S1、S2)を相対的に回転することを特徴とする請求項8ないし11のいずれか1つに記載の溶接装置。
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EP08009767.8 | 2008-05-29 | ||
EP08009767 | 2008-05-29 | ||
PCT/EP2008/066129 WO2009143909A1 (de) | 2008-05-29 | 2008-11-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schweissen von werkstücken aus hochwarmfesten superlegierungen |
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US (1) | US9347318B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2280801B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5465239B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102112266B (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2466841C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009143909A1 (ja) |
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DE102009016260A1 (de) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-07 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren beim Schweißen und Bauteil |
DE102009049518A1 (de) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schweißen von Werkstücken aus hochwarmfesten Superlegierungen |
US20120160443A1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-06-28 | Quinlan Yee Shuck | Gas turbine engine component material addition process |
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- 2008-11-25 RU RU2010152578/02A patent/RU2466841C2/ru active
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RU2466841C2 (ru) | 2012-11-20 |
EP2280801A1 (de) | 2011-02-09 |
US20110073636A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
CN102112266B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
EP2280801B1 (de) | 2015-02-25 |
US9347318B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
CN102112266A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
WO2009143909A1 (de) | 2009-12-03 |
JP2011530409A (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
RU2010152578A (ru) | 2012-07-10 |
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