JP5442456B2 - 軸方向の大きい塑性歪みに適応する炭素鋼構造およびパイプライン中の耐食合金溶接部 - Google Patents
軸方向の大きい塑性歪みに適応する炭素鋼構造およびパイプライン中の耐食合金溶接部 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Description
本出願は、2007年2月27日に出願された米国特許仮出願第60/903,765号の利益を主張する。
本発明は二片の金属を接合する方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、炭化水素などの流体の製造または輸送、または、他の歪みベースの用途に利用してもよい二つのフェライト材料を接合するためのオーステナイト系溶接材料の使用に関する。
一般に、普通炭素鋼および低合金鋼溶接材料はフェライトミクロ組織に支配される溶接部を生成する。これらのフェライト溶接金属中の一般的なミクロ組織成分には、フェライト、パーライト、ベイナイト、マルテンサイトまたはそれらの派生物またはこれら成分の混合物が含まれる。一般的に、これらのフェライト溶接では、特に低温における靭性および引き裂き抵抗に限界がある。これらの限界によって、構造設計において適応でき、許容溶接欠陥サイズを制限する歪み量が制限される。一般的なフェライト溶接の限界の許容歪みでは、溶接確認検査、調査、および、溶接の生成を行うための時間/労力も増加する。
本発明では、フェライト構造用鋼の要素間に弾力のある溶接接合部を生成ための手法を提供し、これによって溶接部は歪みベースの設計に役に立つ。歪みベースの設計は、予測される全体塑性歪みを稼働中に吸収することができる構造要素の設計に関する。本発明によって提供される溶接金属は、歪みベースの設計のために、従来のフェライト溶接よりも優れている。それらの溶接金属は大きい歪みを吸収することができ、補修をしないでより大きい溶接欠陥を受け入れることができ、一般的な建設プロジェクトの溶接検査および品質管理を簡素化することができる。本発明によって提供される溶接部は、ミクロ組織が公称オーステナイトである溶接材料を使用して製造される、歪みベース用途に固有のものである。耐食合金(CRA)溶接材料は、この溶接材料群を参照するために本発明において使用される名称である。この群には、これに限定されるものではないが、ニッケルベースの合金、ステンレス鋼、および二重のステンレス鋼、または同等物が含まれる。該材料の例には、限定されるものではないが、米国溶接学会(AWS)ENiCrMo−4、ENiCrMo−6、ENiCrMo−14、ENiMo−3、E310、E308、E316、E2209およびE2553、それらの派生物およびこれらの合金が含まれる。
(概要および定義)
本発明の実施形態では、オーステナイト系溶接材料を使用した二つのフェライト金属を接合するために使用される方法および装置を提供する。
まず、図3は、本発明の一実施形態に従った二片の金属を使用した溶接に関する、参照番号30で参照される、典型的なフローチャートである。図3において、歪みベースの設計は、流体輸送システムまたはパイプラインの中を通る二つの位置の間の流体の輸送に利用され形成されてもよい。ブロック32では、特定の歪みベースの設計が特定の位置に対して決定される。本出願は、二つ以上の位置間で、炭化水素または他の同様の流体等の流体を輸送するために使用されるパイプラインの部分を含んでもよい。パイプラインは、さらに以下に論じる管材または管状部材で製造されてもよい。歪みベースの設計ではパイプラインが受けることが予測される範囲の歪みを含んでもよい。予測される範囲の歪みは、パイプラインモデルまたは経験に基づいてもよい。すなわち、歪みベースの設計では、ある用途で予測される環境要因に基づく変形または歪みを含んでもよい。
本明細書に記載される技法に従ってもたらされる実際の溶接の最初の試験は、外形直径ODが24で肉厚が12.5mmのAPI5LグレードX70の管状物の二つの部分を使用して遂行された。該部分はCRA溶接材料を用いたガース溶接で接合された。AWSENiCrMo−6は、その材料特性(低YR、高均一伸び、高靭性および高引き裂き抵抗など)に基づいてCRA溶接材料として使用された。溶接プロセスには、ルート溶接のためのGTAWおよび隅肉溶接およびキャップ溶接のためのSMAWが含まれる。
Claims (12)
- 炭化水素を輸送するためのパイプライン接合部を構築する方法であって、
前記パイプラインに加わると予測される荷重に基づいて、前記パイプラインのための歪みベースの設計を行うステップと、
前記歪みベースの設計に基づいて、前記パイプラインの全体塑性歪みを予測するステップと、
主にフェライト特性を有する材料から製造される二つの管材部分を供給するステップと、
前記予測される全体塑性歪みに持ちこたえるように設計される溶接接合部を形成するために、主にオーステナイト特性を有する材料によって前記二つの管材部分を接合するステップと、
前記溶接接合部、および、炭化水素を輸送するための前記二つの管材部分を使用するステップとを含む方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記溶接接合部は、0.5%を超える全体塑性歪みに持ちこたえるように構成される方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記溶接接合部は全体塑性歪みに持ちこたえるように構成され、表面の開口幅が3mm〜4mmであり、深さが50mmである欠陥領域を含む溶接欠陥が存在する方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記接合には溶接プロセスが含まれる方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記主にオーステナイト特性を有する材料は耐食合金(CRA)を含有する方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記主にオーステナイト特性を有する材料は、ENiCrMo−4、ENiCrMo−6、ENiCrMo−14、ENiMo−3、E310、E308、E316、E2209、E2553、またはこれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を使用して作製される溶接材料を含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記二つの管材部分は、API5LグレードX52、X56、X60、X65、X70、X80、X100、X120およびこれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、最終的な接合をする前に二つの部分の一方の用意された表面上にCRA溶接材料の層をバターリングすることで溶接品質を高めるために、接合する前に前記二つの管材部分の一方の少なくとも一端を用意するステップをさらに含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、主にオーステナイト特性を有する材料によって前記二つの管材部分を接合する前に、さらに主にフェライト特性を有する材料によって前記二つの管材部分を事前に接合するステップを含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記二つの管材部分は、クラッド材料から形成される管状部材を含む方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記主にオーステナイト特性を有する溶接材料の降伏強度は、前記管状部分の降伏強度の10%以上30%未満である方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、溶接材料は引張強度に対する降伏強度の比が0.75未満である方法。
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US90376507P | 2007-02-27 | 2007-02-27 | |
US60/903,765 | 2007-02-27 | ||
PCT/US2008/001409 WO2008105990A1 (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2008-01-31 | Corrosion resistant alloy weldments in carbon steel structures and pipelines to accommodate high axial plastic strains |
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JP2010519053A JP2010519053A (ja) | 2010-06-03 |
JP2010519053A5 JP2010519053A5 (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
JP5442456B2 true JP5442456B2 (ja) | 2014-03-12 |
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US (1) | US9040865B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5442456B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0807605A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2676940C (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2460362B (ja) |
NO (1) | NO20093045L (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2452779C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008105990A1 (ja) |
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CA2823235C (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2018-12-11 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | High toughness weld metals with superior ductile tearing resistance |
FR2973723B1 (fr) * | 2011-04-06 | 2013-05-10 | Alstom Hydro France | Procede de soudage et organe de machine hydraulique fabrique au moyen d'un tel procede |
CN102248023A (zh) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-11-23 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | 一种x70钢级抗大变形直缝埋弧焊管制造方法 |
CN102397941A (zh) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-04-04 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | 一种x90管线钢直缝埋弧焊管制造方法 |
JP6662585B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-23 | 2020-03-11 | 日本発條株式会社 | クラッドパイプ及びクラッドパイプの製造方法 |
CN104933269B (zh) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-11-21 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | 一种油气管道穿越地震断层的设计方法 |
DE102015010977A1 (de) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg | "Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erfassen einer beim Einziehen eines Rohres oder einer Leitung eingeleiteten Zugkraft" |
CN106270965B (zh) * | 2016-04-15 | 2018-09-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种x80级管线钢环形焊缝的焊接工艺 |
RU180844U1 (ru) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-06-28 | Публичное акционерное общество "Трубная металлургическая компания" (ПАО "ТМК") | Труба с внутренним покрытием |
GB201900568D0 (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-03-06 | Saipem Spa | Improvements in the welding of pipes |
CN109940298B (zh) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-11-30 | 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 | 一种Q370qE和Q690qE桥梁用结构钢不同强度对拼接头复合焊接方法 |
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US20100089463A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
GB2460362A (en) | 2009-12-02 |
US9040865B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 |
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