JP5422387B2 - 非天然型抗生物質の製造方法 - Google Patents
非天然型抗生物質の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5422387B2 JP5422387B2 JP2009532254A JP2009532254A JP5422387B2 JP 5422387 B2 JP5422387 B2 JP 5422387B2 JP 2009532254 A JP2009532254 A JP 2009532254A JP 2009532254 A JP2009532254 A JP 2009532254A JP 5422387 B2 JP5422387 B2 JP 5422387B2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
- C12P19/56—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
- C12N9/0006—Oxidoreductases (1.) acting on CH-OH groups as donors (1.1)
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/02—Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/06—Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Description
(1)本来ダウノルビシンを生産する能力を有した放線菌に、L-エピバンコサミンの生合成に関わるケトレダクターゼ遺伝子を導入した、形質転換体。
(2)ダウノルビシン誘導体としてエピダウノルビシンを生産する、上記(1)に記載の形質転換体。
(3)L-エピバンコサミンの生合成に関わるケトレダクターゼ遺伝子が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含むタンパク質をコードする遺伝子、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、又は付加されたアミノ酸を含み、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子、又は
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と90%以上の同一性を有し、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子
である、上記(1)又は(2)に記載の形質転換体。
(4)L-エピバンコサミンの生合成に関わるケトレダクターゼ遺伝子が以下のa)若しくはb)のDNAからなる、上記(1)若しくは(2)に記載の形質転換体:
a)配列番号2で表される塩基配列からなるDNA
b)配列番号2で表される塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるDNAとストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズし、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードするDNA。
(5)宿主の放線菌がストレプトマイセス・ケルレオルビダス(Streptomyces
coeruleorubidus)である、上記(1)〜(4)に記載の形質転換体。
(6)上記(1)〜(5)に記載の形質転換体を培養して、培養液からダウノルビシン誘導体を採取する工程を含んでなるダウノルビシン誘導体の製造方法。
coeruleorubidus)が知られており、これらを本発明の形質転換体を調製するための宿主として利用することが出来る。また、バウマイシンはダウノルビシンのアミノ糖(L-ダウノサミン)部分が修飾された物質でダウノルビシンが生合成の中間体であるため、バウマイシンを生産する放線菌も宿主として利用することが出来る。また、上述のダウノルビシン若しくはバウマイシン生産菌において、ダウノルビシンのL-ダウノサミン部分の4位水酸基生合成に関与するケトレダクターゼ遺伝子が欠損することによって、ダウノルビシン生産能を失った菌株を宿主として用いるのが好ましい。
「活性に影響を与えない改変」の例としては、保存的置換が挙げられる。「保存的置換」とは、ポリペプチドの活性を実質的に変化しないように1若しくは数個のアミノ酸残基を、別の化学的に類似したアミノ酸残基で置き換えることを意味する。例えば、ある疎水性アミノ酸残基を別の疎水性アミノ酸残基によって置換する場合、ある極性アミノ酸残基を同じ電荷を有する別の極性アミノ酸残基によって置換する場合などが挙げられる。このような置換を行うことができる機能的に類似したアミノ酸は、アミノ酸毎に当該技術分野において公知である。具体例を挙げると、非極性(疎水性)アミノ酸としては、アラニン、バリン、イソロイシン、ロイシン、プロリン、トリプトファン、フェニルアラニン、メチオニン等が挙げられる。極性(中性)アミノ酸としては、グリシン、セリン、スレオニン、チロシン、グルタミン、アスパラギン、システイン等が挙げられる。陽電荷をもつ(塩基性)アミノ酸としては、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、リジン等が挙げられる。また、負電荷をもつ(酸性)アミノ酸としては、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸等が挙げられる。
coeruleorubidus)のダウノルビシン生合成遺伝子に含まれるケトレダクターゼ遺伝子のクローニング
ストレプトマイセス・ケルレオルビダス(Streptomyces
coeruleorubidus)を改変YEME培地(0.3%ディフコイーストエキストラクト、0.5%ディフコバクトペプトン、0.3%オキシドモルトエキストラクト、1%グルコース、3%ショ糖、5mmol/L
MgCl2・6H2O)50mLに植菌し、28℃、24時間、220rpmで振とう培養した。培養液を6300×gで10分間遠心し、上清をデカントして菌体を回収した。菌体を凍結乾燥した後、ISOPLANT(日本ジーン社製)を用い添付マニュアルに従い、ゲノムDNAを調製した。
Biotechnologies社製)を用いてin vitroパッケージングを行った。次に、この組換えファージを大腸菌XL1-Blue MRA (P2)に感染させ、プレート上でプラークを形成させてゲノムDNAライブラリーとした。
SP-dnmV N : 5'-ATGCGGGTCGTGGTTCTGGG-3'(配列番号3)
SP-dnmV C : 5'-CTAGGCCGGGGCGCCGTGCG-3'(配列番号4)
PCR条件は、約1μgのゲノムDNAと1μmol/Lの各プライマーを用い、LA
Taq DNAポリメラーゼ(宝酒造株式会社製)を使用して以下のサイクル条件で行った。94℃・5分間、(94℃・30秒間、48℃・30秒間、72℃・1分間)×25回、72℃・7分間。その結果、約0.9kbpのDNA断片が特異的に増幅された。本DNA断片の塩基配列を解析した結果、目的とするdnmV遺伝子であることが確認できたので、本DNA断片をプローブとして用いた。
Biotech社製)を用いた。添付のマニュアルに従い、上述の約0.9kbpのDNA断片100ngを標識化した。これをプローブとして、プラークハイブリダイゼーションによりゲノムDNAライブラリーをスクリーニングして3個の陽性クローンを得た。
coeruleorubidus)のdnmV遺伝子破壊用プラスミドpDDNMVの構築
翻訳領域の途中に終止コドンを挿入することによってdnmV遺伝子を破壊することとし、終止コドンが挿入されたdnmV遺伝子を含むDNA断片を、実施例1で単離したDNA断片を鋳型として2段階PCR法により作製した。プライマーは、以下のようにHindIII若しくはXbaI消化部位を含むものと、dnmV遺伝子の開始コドンから84番目のチロシン(TAC)の位置に終止コドンTAGが挿入されるようにデザインしたものを用いた。
Dau5−HindIII
5'-GGGAAGCTTGATCGCCCTCACGGAACTGCGCAGGCGCGG-3'(配列番号7)
dnmV-84Yc
5'-CGCAGATGCGACTACGTCATCTCC-3'(下線部が終止コドン、配列番号8)
Dau3−XbaI
5'-GGGTCTAGAGCCGGCATGCGGATCGGCATGGAGGTG-3'(配列番号9)
1段階目のPCR反応は、50μLの反応液中、Dau5−HindIIIとdnmV-84Ycのプライマー(各0.3μmol/L)及び鋳型DNA1μgを用いて、KOD Plus DNAポリメラーゼ(東洋紡績株式会社製)を使用して以下のサイクル条件で行った。94℃・2分間、(94℃・15秒間、50℃・30秒間、68℃・1分30秒間)×25回。
クローニングしたDNA断片の塩基配列の解析を行い、目的とする終止コドンが挿入されたdnmV遺伝子を含むDNA断片であることを確認した。
ダウノルビシン生産菌のストレプトマイセス・ケルレオルビダス(Streptomyces
coeruleorubidus)をMS寒天培地(2%S大豆粉、2%マンニトール、2%寒天)に塗布し、28℃にて7日培養した。培養後、2×YTブロス(1.6%ディフコバクトトリプトン、1%ディフコバクトイーストエキストラクト、0.5%NaCl)3mLで胞子をかきとり、50℃、10分間のヒートショック処理を行い、宿主の胞子液を調製した。
ermE*プロモーターを含むプラスミドpIJ4070[レスキウ(Leskiw,B.K.)ら著,「プロシーディングス・オブ・ザ・ナショナル・アカデミー・オブ・サイエンシーズ・オブ・ザ・ユナイテッド・ステイツ・オブ・アマリカ(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America)」,(米国),1991年,第88巻,p.2461−2465(非特許文献9)]をEcoRI及びBamHIで二重消化し、電気泳動により分画後、ermE*プロモーターを含む約0.3kbpのEcoRI−BamHI断片をゲルより抽出した。このDNA断片をプラスミドpSET152のEcoRI及びBamHI部位に挿入しプラスミドpSET152-E*を得た。
mycarofaciens)とエリスロマイシン生産菌(Saccharopolyspora erythraea)、アベルメクチン生産菌としてストレプトマイセス・アベルミチリス(Streptomyces avermitilis)JCM5070株、オレアンドマイシン生産菌としてストレプトマイセス・オリボクロモゲネス(Streptomyces olivocromogenes)NBRC12444株より、それぞれの抗生物質に含まれる糖質の生合成に関わるケトレダクターゼ遺伝子(orf29、eryBIV、avrE、oleU)を単離するため、各菌株のゲノムDNAを鋳型とし、以下のプライマーを用いてPCRを行った。即ち、メデマイシン生産菌に対してはorf29N-BglIIとorf29C-XbaI、エリスロマイシン生産菌に対してはeryBIVN-BamHIとeryBIVC-XbaI、アベルメクチン生産菌に対してはavrEN-BamHIとavrEC-XbaI、オレアンドマイシン生産菌に対してはoleUN-BamHIとoleUC-XbaIの組合せを用いた。
orf29N-BglII
5'-GGGAGATCTAGCGAAGGAGAAGTATGAGGCTCACTACCG-3'(配列番号12)
orf29C-XbaI
5'-GGGTCTAGATCAAGAACTCACCGCCGG-3'(配列番号13)
eryBIVN-BamHI
5'-GGGGGATCCAGCGAAGGAGCAAAGCTCCGATGAATGGGA-3'(配列番号14)
eryBIVC-XbaI
5'-GGGTCTAGACTAGTGCTCCTCGGTGGG-3'(配列番号15)
avrEN-BamHI
5'-GGGGGATCCAGCGAAGGAGGGGCCACCAGATGGGG-3'(配列番号16)
avrEC-XbaI
5'-GGGTCTAGACTACACGTAAGCCGCCAC-3'(配列番号17)
oleUN-BamHI
5'-GGGGGATCCAGCGAAGGAGGCAGCGGCCCCATGAGATGG-3'(配列番号18)
oleUC-XbaI
5'-GGGTCTAGATCATGCTGCTCCTCGCCGG-3'(配列番号19)
PCR反応は、50μLの反応液中、0.3μmol/Lの各プライマーと鋳型としてゲノムDNA1μgを用いて、KOD Plus DNAポリメラーゼ(東洋紡績株式会社製)を使用して以下のサイクル条件で行った。94℃・2分間、(94℃・10秒間、50℃・30秒間、68℃・1分間)×25回。それぞれのPCR反応で増幅した約1kbpDNA断片について、メデマイシン生産菌由来のDNA断片はBglII及びXbaI、その他のDNA断片はBamHI及びXbaIで二重消化した後、上述のプラスミドpSET152-E*のBamHI及びXbaI部位に挿入してプラスミドpMED-E(メデマイシン生産菌由来遺伝子)、プラスミドpERY-E(エリスロマイシン生産菌由来遺伝子)、プラスミドpAVR-E(アベルメクチン生産菌由来遺子)、プラスミドpOLE-E(オレンドマイシン生産菌由来遺伝子)を得た。各プラスミドの挿入断片の塩基配列を配列番号20、22、24及び26にそれぞれ示した。
Claims (4)
- 本来ダウノルビシンを生産する能力を有したストレプトマイセス属放線菌に、L-エピバンコサミンの生合成に関わるケトレダクターゼ遺伝子を導入した、形質転換体であって、前記遺伝子が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列において、1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換、又は付加されたアミノ酸を含み、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列と90%以上の同一性を有し、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子、
配列番号2で表される塩基配列からなるDNA、
配列番号2で表される塩基配列と相補的な塩基配列からなるDNAとストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズし、かつケトレダクターゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードするDNA
である、前記形質転換体。 - ダウノルビシン誘導体としてエピダウノルビシンを生産する、請求項1に記載の形質転換体。
- 宿主の放線菌がストレプトマイセス・ケルレオルビダス(Streptomyces coeruleorubidus)である、請求項1又は2に記載の形質転換体。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の形質転換体を培養して、培養液からダウノルビシン誘導体を採取する工程を含んでなる、ダウノルビシン誘導体の製造方法。
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