JP5356242B2 - NOx成形が無い又は少ないアンモニアと一酸化炭素の二重酸化用触媒 - Google Patents
NOx成形が無い又は少ないアンモニアと一酸化炭素の二重酸化用触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5356242B2 JP5356242B2 JP2009537324A JP2009537324A JP5356242B2 JP 5356242 B2 JP5356242 B2 JP 5356242B2 JP 2009537324 A JP2009537324 A JP 2009537324A JP 2009537324 A JP2009537324 A JP 2009537324A JP 5356242 B2 JP5356242 B2 JP 5356242B2
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
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- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
SCR触媒;
SCR触媒の上流にあるアンモニア源;
酸素源;及び
SCR触媒の下流に設置された二重酸化触媒を含む触媒システムであって、
二重酸化触媒がともに金属酸化物担体上に分散されたアルカリ成分と遷移金属を含み、
二重酸化触媒が実質的に貴金属成分を含まず、
システムが固定発生源の排ガス流れ中に設置され、アンモニア(NH3)及び一酸化炭素(CO)を実質的に同時に酸化することを特徴とする触媒システムが提供される。
金属酸化物担体を用意する工程;
担体にアルカリまたはアルカリ土類成分と遷移金属とを含む溶液を含浸させる工程;及び
含浸させた担体を乾燥及び焼成して、触媒を形成する工程を有する触媒の製造方法であって、
触媒が、金属酸化物担体状に分散されたアルカリまたはアルカリ土類成分と遷移金属を有し、触媒が実質的に貴金属成分を含まないことを特徴とする製造方法が提供される。ある詳細な実施形態においては、当該方法は、金属酸化物担体を用意する工程、担体にアルカリまたはアルカリ土類成分と遷移金属とを含む溶液を含浸させる工程、含浸した担体を乾燥及び焼成させる工程、担体を遷移金属を含む第二の水溶液と接触させる工程、含浸した担体をもう一度乾燥及び焼成させる工程、及びこの担体を養生させて触媒を形成する工程を含む。
SCR触媒;
SCR触媒の上流にあるアンモニア源;
酸素源;及び
SCR触媒の下流に設置された二重酸化触媒を含む触媒システムであって、
該二重酸化触媒が金属酸化物担体上にともに分散されたアルカリ成分と遷移金属を含み、
該二重酸化触媒が実質的貴金属成分を含まず、システムが固定発生源の排ガス流中に設置され、実質的に同時にアンモニア(NH3)と一酸化炭素(CO)を酸化する触媒システムを提供する。
一つ以上の実施形態においては、一種以上の触媒組成物が支持体上に配置される。この支持体は、触媒の製造に通常使用される材料ならいずれでもよいが、好ましくはセラミックまたは金属のハニカム構造を有している。いずれか好適な支持体を、例えば支持体の入口面または出口面から伸びる微細で平行なガス流の流路を有し、流路が内部を通過する流体に開放されているタイプのモノリス支持体(ハニカム流支持体と称す)などの支持体を使用できる。この流路、すなわち流体入口から流体出口に向かって実質的に直線状に延びる流路は、触媒材料が薄膜状に塗布された壁面を有し、流路内を流れるガスがこの触媒材料と接触する。モノリス支持体の流路は、隔壁の薄い流路であり、これは、台形、長方形、正方形、正弦波形、六方晶形、卵形、丸形等のいずれか適当な断面形状と寸法を有していてもよい。このような構造は、断面1平方インチ当たり約60個〜約600個以上のガス導入孔(すなわち、セル)を有していてもよい。
本発明の触媒組成物は、従来からよく知られている方法で容易に製造可能である。二層構造の薄膜を形成する代表的な方法を以下に記す。下記の方法は、本発明の異なる実施形態に応じて変更可能であり、たとえば、第2層を形成する工程を除くことで単層の薄膜を形成でき、また以下の二層の薄膜に一層以上の層を追加することができることは明白であろう。
以下に、本発明の例示的な実施形態をいくつか述べるが、本発明は、以下に記載の構造や工程段階の詳細に限定されるものではない。本発明には他の実施形態もあり、いろいろな方法で実施可能である。
触媒を、以下の一般的な方法により合成した。高表面積の金属酸化物担体を、第一のアルカリ成分の水溶液で、例えばアルカリまたはアルカリ土類成分の、具体的にはKやBa、Mgの水溶液で含浸させた。含浸させた固体を、90℃で16時間乾燥し、540℃で2時間焼成した。焼成後の固体を、遷移金属化合物を含む第二の水溶液で含浸させた。この材料を90℃で16時間乾燥し、540℃で2時間焼成した。得られた固体を、必要に応じて10%の水蒸気(残りは空気)中で500℃で16時間養生させた。セリア、チタニア、またはアルミナから選ばれる担体と、酸化物として約1〜3質量%のアルカリ成分(Mg、Ba、またはK)と、酸化物として約1〜2質量%の遷移金属(Mn)とから、多くの触媒を調製した。
標準的な方法で64セル/in3の小型円柱形のコージェライトモノリス(直径3/4インチ×長さ1.0インチ)を水性スラリー中に浸漬塗工することで、モノリス上に触媒粉末を塗布して、触媒の評価を行った。最終的な触媒担持量は、通常2.5〜3.0g/in3であった。以下の実施例中で、似た負荷量でまた同じ空間速度で触媒を比較した。
これらの試料の性能の分析は、円管形の流通反応器を用いて行った。64セル/in3のコージェライトモノリス支持体上に担持された二重酸化触媒試料を通して、模擬の供給排ガス流を通過させた。この反応器システムは、二重酸化触媒に入る/出るCO濃度レベル(および他の種の濃度レベル)の測定用のフーリエ変換赤外分光装置や、触媒空間速度(SV)に変換可能な排ガス流量を測定するための流量計などの適当なセンサーを備えている。空間速度は、触媒単位体積当たりの供給ガス量(体積)であり、その単位は時間の逆数(hr-1)である。
100gのセリアから出発し、44.232mlの0.5MKOHを添加して、概略組成が3%MnO2/1%K2O/セリアである触媒を合成した。この材料を、90℃で16時間乾燥し、次いで540℃で2時間焼成した。これに、17.972mlの2.0M−Mn(NO3)2を添加した。この材料を次いで、90℃で16時間乾燥し、540℃で2時間焼成した。得られた固体を500℃で16時間、10%の水蒸気(残りは空気)中で養生させた。
100gのセリアから出発し、25.841mlの1.0M−Mg(NO3)2を添加して、概略組成が3%MnO2/1%MgO/セリアである触媒を合成した。この材料を、90℃で16時間乾燥し、次いで540℃で2時間焼成した。これに、17.972mlの2.0M−Mn(NO3)2を添加した。この材料を次いで、90℃で16時間乾燥し、540℃で2時間焼成した。得られた固体を、500℃で16時間、10%の水蒸気(残りは空気)中で養生させた。
100gのセリアから出発し、6.793mlの1.0M−Ba(CH3CO2)2を添加して、概略組成が3%MnO2/1%BaO/セリアである触媒を合成した。この材料を、90℃で16時間乾燥し、次いで540℃で2時間焼成した。これに、17.972mlの2.0M−Mn(NO3)2を添加した。この材料を、次いで90℃で16時間乾燥し、540℃で2時間焼成した。得られた固体を、500℃で16時間、10%の水蒸気(残りは空気)中で養生させた。
Mn系セリア触媒によるCOとNH3の変換率
セリアと、3%MnO2、1%K2O、BaO、またはMgOを含むMn系セリア触媒による、温度が300〜500℃の範囲でのCO変換率を図2に示す。セリアと、3%MnO2、1%のK2O、BaOまたはMgOを含むMn系セリア触媒による、温度が300〜500℃の範囲でのNH3変換率を図3に示す。
比較例
標準的な方法でアルミナにマンガンを含浸させて、概略組成が10%MnO2/アルミナである触媒を合成した。実施例1と2と3の条件と似た条件下で、この材料を乾燥、焼成、養生した。このMn−アルミナ触媒の実施例1と2と3と同一条件下でのNH3変換率を、表1に示す。図3に示すNH3変換率と比較して、実施例1と2の触媒、Mn/K/セリアとMn/Mg/セリアは、それぞれMn−アルミナ触媒で達成される変換率と比較して、いずれの温度でも高いNH3変換率を示した。実施例3の触媒は、Mn−アルミナ触媒で達成された変換率に較べて、300℃を除いてどの温度でも、高いNH3変換率を示した。
Claims (6)
- セリアを含む金属酸化物担体と、その上に分散された、K、Ba、Mg、またはこれらの組み合わせを含むアルカリ成分及びMnを含む遷移金属とを含む固定発生源用触媒であって、
当該触媒は、排ガス流中に設置されるとアンモニア(NH3)及び一酸化炭素(CO)を実質的に同時に酸化し、さらにタービン排ガス流中で使用されるものであり、そして
金属酸化物担体、アルカリ成分及び遷移金属を含む触媒の合計量に対して、貴金属成分を100ppm以下で含み、K、Ba、Mgまたはこれらの組み合わせをその酸化物として1〜3質量%含み、Mnをその酸化物として1〜3質量%含むことを特徴とする触媒。 - 前記触媒は、アンモニアから窒素酸化物への選択性が、触媒と反応するアンモニアに対して25%未満となるのに効果的である請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 請求項1に記載の触媒がハニカム形態の支持体上に設置されていることを特徴とする触媒システム。
- さらに選択触媒的還元(SCR)触媒を含む請求項3に記載の触媒システム。
- 固定発生源;
選択触媒的還元(SCR)触媒;
SCR触媒の上流にあるアンモニア源;
酸素源;及び
SCR触媒の下流に設置された二重酸化触媒
を含む触媒システムであって、
二重酸化触媒が請求項1に記載の固定発生源用触媒を含むことを特徴とする触媒システム。 - 前記固定発生源用触媒は、アンモニアから窒素酸化物への選択性が、触媒と反応するアンモニアに対して25%未満となるのに効果的である請求項5に記載の触媒システム。
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US11/560,181 US8193114B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2006-11-15 | Catalysts for dual oxidation of ammonia and carbon monoxide with low to no NOx formation |
PCT/US2007/084631 WO2008061119A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-11-14 | Catalysts for dual oxidation of ammonia and carbon monoxide with low to no nox formation |
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EP (1) | EP2125170A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5356242B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101634390B1 (ja) |
IS (1) | IS8829A (ja) |
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2006
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-
2007
- 2007-11-14 KR KR1020097012142A patent/KR101634390B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-11-14 WO PCT/US2007/084631 patent/WO2008061119A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-11-14 JP JP2009537324A patent/JP5356242B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-14 EP EP07864380A patent/EP2125170A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2009
- 2009-05-22 NO NO20091994A patent/NO20091994L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-06-05 IS IS8829A patent/IS8829A/is unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101634390B1 (ko) | 2016-06-28 |
NO20091994L (no) | 2009-06-12 |
US8193114B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
WO2008061119A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
KR20090091754A (ko) | 2009-08-28 |
IS8829A (is) | 2009-06-05 |
EP2125170A1 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
US20080112870A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
JP2010510049A (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
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