JP5336200B2 - 磁気車輪 - Google Patents
磁気車輪 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G39/00—Rollers, e.g. drive rollers, or arrangements thereof incorporated in roller-ways or other types of mechanical conveyors
- B65G39/10—Arrangements of rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
- B66C1/06—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means electromagnetic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
- B66C1/06—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means electromagnetic
- B66C1/08—Circuits therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C7/00—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes
- B66C7/02—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes for underhung trolleys or cranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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Description
本発明は、磁気学の分野に関し、特に複数物体が磁気的付着状態で相互に動き得るようにしながら1つの物体を他の物体に取り付けるための磁力の使用に関する。
複数物体が相互に並進運動又は回転運動を自由に行い得るようにしながら1つの物体を他の物体に固定又は支持することが望ましい、又は必要であるという状況や用途が多数存在する。
大まかに言うと、本発明は、(a)磁束源としての1以上の永久磁石、(b)前記磁束源に関連する少なくとも2つの逆方向分極可能な磁極延長部分であって、該部分は、円板、車輪、ローラ又は外周面を有しそれぞれの回転軸の回りに回転可能に保持される同様形状のもの、及び(c)前記磁極延長部分の外周面と磁気的に接近又は接触するとき前記磁束の外部磁路を提供するために前記磁極延長部分と協働するよう配置された強磁性の対抗部分、を有し、前記磁束源が回転可能な磁極延長部分に対して静止状態に保持される磁気回路にあると規定できる。
図1a、1b及び1cは、本発明の背景にある基礎的概念をかなり単純化した概略図であり、
図2aから2cまでは、異なる磁石配置で使用される回転磁極車輪装置の異なる配置の概略図であり、また図2aは、回転磁極車輪からトルクを与える(又は受ける)ために用いる強磁性摩擦ローラを示しており、
図3aから3cまでは、本発明を具体化した器具及び装置の概略図であり、
図4a、4b及び4cは、図2aのような磁気車輪において選ばれた磁束源に関して回転磁極片形状を最適化する方法を示す略図であり、かつ
図5は、利用可能な磁気吸引力を制動力に変換する磁気車輪ユニット制動装置の概略図である。
図1a及び1bに示されている基本的な磁気車輪ユニットについては、既に上述した通りである。このようなユニットは、多数の異なる機械や器具に組み込むことができる。当然のことながら、能動磁気材料(すなわち永久磁石)又は他の磁束源(例えば電磁石)は専用の筐体内に納めることができ、このため、図1及び2の磁束ユニット16の形状は、例示であって、このユニットの実際の形状を反映するものではない。
図3cは、概略透視図で磁気トロリー(車両)300の自己推進プロトタイプを示しており、これは本質的に、2つの同一で独立して手動で切換可能な永久磁石ユニット316で一般的には米国特許第7012495号に記載された基本型のもの、2つのカップ形状の磁極車輪対312、314で磁束源316にそれぞれ関連するもの、電動機320の形式の原動機、不図示の電動機用電源、例えば蓄電池パック、電動機320から4つの全ての磁極車輪312、314へトルクを伝達するための駆動系配置318、無線遠隔制御車両又は車載コンピュータ制御車両のいずれかに採用されるような車載車両制御システム322、及び全ての前記構成要素を搭載するための靴箱状車両本体324から成る。個々の磁極車輪312、314は、図4a及び4bに詳細に示されているように円筒状カップ形状であり、車両本体324の側壁に固定された個々の車軸要素326に軸支されて(journaled)いる。駆動系配置318は、本体324に支持された従動歯車車軸に運動学的に全4車輪312、314を結合するベルトとプーリのシステムを含んでおり、その歯車は電動機320の出力軸に結合された螺旋ねじ軸にかみ合う。参照番号328及び329は、強力な外部磁界が放射されて存在する活性位置と、磁石316が止められ外部磁界が存在しない不活性位置の各々の間で磁石316を切り替えるために用いる梃子の腕を表記する役目を果たしている。
Claims (19)
- 磁気回路装置であって、
(a)強の値および弱の値(実用上0の値を含む)の外部磁界を切り換えることができる切換可能な磁石デバイスを有する磁束源と、
(b)磁束源に磁気的に関連し、逆極性を有し得る少なくとも2つの磁極延長部分であって、円板、車輪、ローラ又は外周面を有する同様の形状を有する回転可能な磁極延長部分と、
(c)磁極延長部分をそれぞれの回転軸の回りに回転可能に保持し、磁束源を2つの磁極延長部分の間で、これらと物理的に接触させることなく、静止した状態で固定する支持構造体と、
(d)回転可能な磁極延長部分の周面と磁気的に接触して外部磁束経路を構成するために、磁極延長部分と協働するよう配置された強磁性特性を有する対抗部分とを備えた、磁気回路装置。 - 磁気吸引基板に磁気的に取り付け得る車両であって、
車両本体と、
少なくとも2つの回転可能な車輪部材と、
N極とS極を有する少なくとも1つの切換可能な永久磁石デバイスとを備え、
車輪部材は磁気的に受動的であるが分極可能な材料を含み、
切換可能な永久磁石デバイスが2つの回転可能な車輪部材の間で静止した状態で固定され、かつ回転可能な車輪部材がN極とS極の逆極性を有し得る磁極延長要素として機能するように、車輪部材および切換可能な永久磁石デバイスが空間的に車両本体上に配置され、
車輪部材が磁気吸引基板上に載置されるとき、切換可能な永久磁石デバイス、磁極延長要素である車輪部材、および磁気吸引基板を通る閉磁気回路が生成される、車両。 - 磁気吸引基板を着脱可能に磁気的に保持する支持器具であって、
支持構造体と、
支持構造体上の回転軸の回りで回転するように支持された少なくとも2つの車輪部材またはローラ部材と、
2つの車輪部材またはローラ部材の間であって、これらとは離間して静止した状態で支持構造体に固定された、N極とS極を有する少なくとも1つの切換可能な永久磁石デバイスとを備え、
車輪部材またはローラ部材は、磁気的に受動的であるが分極可能な材料を含み、かつ、静止した切換可能な永久磁石デバイスのN極とS極の逆極性を有し得る磁極延長要素を構成するように空間的に車両本体上に配置され、
車輪部材の外周面を磁気吸引基板に面接触させるとき、永久磁石デバイス、車輪部材もしくはローラ部材、および磁気吸引基板を通る閉磁気回路が生成される、支持器具。 - 前記少なくとも1つの切換可能な永久磁石デバイスを車輪又はローラの磁極延長部材と空隙を保つように支持する、それぞれ請求項2又は3記載の車両又は支持器具。
- 更にトルクを少なくとも1つの車輪部材又はローラ部材に伝達するために配置された駆動手段を含む、それぞれ請求項2又は3記載の車両又は器具。
- 更に車両を基板上で自己推進するための手段を含む、請求項2記載の車両。
- 前記自己推進手段がトルクを車載原動機から少なくとも1つの車輪部材へ伝達する配置を含む、請求項6記載の車両。
- 前記駆動手段がベルト駆動、スプロケット駆動、チェーン駆動若しくはウォーム歯車駆動又はこれらの組合わせを含む、請求項5記載の車両又は器具。
- 前記駆動手段が少なくとも1つの車輪部材の外周との係合によりトルクを送受するために配置された1以上の摩擦ローラを含む、請求項8記載の車両又は器具。
- 前記摩擦ローラが磁力によりローラを付勢し車輪部材との接触を保つよう動作可能に配置された強磁性材料を内蔵している、請求項9記載の車両又は器具。
- 前記駆動手段が歯車箱又は歯車配置を含む、請求項8記載の車両又は器具。
- 1つの双極子の切換可能な永久磁石デバイスが車輪部材対又はローラ部材対毎に設けられている、それぞれ請求項2又は3記載の車両又は器具。
- 前記双極子磁石が、完全オン又は活性状態での最大磁束密度出力と完全オフ又は不活性化状態での最小の実用上無視可能な磁束密度出力との間で変化できる外部磁界を発生するよう配置された切換可能な永久磁石装置である、請求項12記載の車両又は器具。
- 前記切換可能な永久磁石装置が、完全オン状態と完全オフ状態との間で変更選択するためのトグルスイッチ、及び完全オンの値と完全オフの値の間で磁束出力を設定固定するための増分スイッチの1つを内蔵する、請求項13記載の車両又は器具。
- 前記車輪部材又はローラ部材が断面カップ形状で、双極子の切換可能な永久磁石デバイスの磁極の1つがカップ形状車輪又はローラ内に延びている、請求項12記載の車両又は器具。
- 対として配置された前記車輪又はローラを少なくとも4個有し、1つの前記切換可能永久磁石装置が各々の前記車輪部材対又はローラ部材対毎に存在し、更に2つの切換可能永久磁石装置を独立して又は共同して離散的に切り替えるための装置を含む、請求項13又は14記載の車両又は器具。
- 回転可能磁極延長本体が、車輪形状であり、
(i)磁束源から回転可能磁極車輪への磁束伝達損失を最小化し、
(ii)相対的に大きな面積の実質磁極を提供し、これにより磁極延長車輪と基板面との間の物理的直接接触区域外の磁束伝達を最大化し、かつ
(iii)基板に対する磁気引力を所定の値に保つような、断面形状と大きさを有する、請求項1記載の磁気回路。 - 磁極延長車輪が円筒状カップ形状本体であり、環状突縁部を有し、磁束源の磁界強度の関数である軸方向長さを有する、請求項17記載の磁気回路。
- カップ形状磁極延長車輪は、磁束源が最大磁界強度の約70%を示す程度まで磁束源を覆うのに十分な軸方向長さを有している、請求項18記載の磁気回路。
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AU2006901247 | 2006-03-13 | ||
AU2006901247A AU2006901247A0 (en) | 2006-03-13 | Magnetic wheel and torque transfer method | |
PCT/AU2007/000277 WO2007104082A1 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-03-06 | Magnetic wheel |
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JP2009529473A JP2009529473A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
JP5336200B2 true JP5336200B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
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JP2008558590A Expired - Fee Related JP5336200B2 (ja) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-03-06 | 磁気車輪 |
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US (2) | US20090078484A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2004446B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5336200B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101455407B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101426664B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2007224996B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0708888A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2642888C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007104082A1 (ja) |
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- 2007-03-06 KR KR1020087024965A patent/KR101455407B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-03-06 US US12/282,830 patent/US20090078484A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-06 BR BRPI0708888-4A patent/BRPI0708888A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-06 JP JP2008558590A patent/JP5336200B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2007-03-06 EP EP07710540.1A patent/EP2004446B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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KR20080103105A (ko) | 2008-11-26 |
EP2004446B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
CA2642888A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
AU2007224996B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
EP2004446A4 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
WO2007104082A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
US20090078484A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
CN101426664A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
KR101455407B1 (ko) | 2014-10-27 |
JP2009529473A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
US20120200380A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
US8604900B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 |
CA2642888C (en) | 2015-06-30 |
EP2004446A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
AU2007224996A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
BRPI0708888A2 (pt) | 2011-06-28 |
CN101426664B (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
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