JP5232359B2 - 脱ロウ生成物の収率をより増大するための脱ロウ触媒の含酸素化合物処理 - Google Patents
脱ロウ生成物の収率をより増大するための脱ロウ触媒の含酸素化合物処理 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5232359B2 JP5232359B2 JP2005501107A JP2005501107A JP5232359B2 JP 5232359 B2 JP5232359 B2 JP 5232359B2 JP 2005501107 A JP2005501107 A JP 2005501107A JP 2005501107 A JP2005501107 A JP 2005501107A JP 5232359 B2 JP5232359 B2 JP 5232359B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrodewaxing
- catalyst
- hydrocarbon
- waxy
- synthesis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 185
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 169
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 167
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 37
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002453 autothermal reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001193 catalytic steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 cobalt hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011959 amorphous silica alumina Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003869 coulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000769 gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003947 neutron activation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7461—MRE-type, e.g. ZSM-48
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/064—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/068—Noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/65—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively
- B01J29/66—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/67—Noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/12—Oxidising
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
- B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G2/331—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals
- C10G2/332—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used containing group VIII-metals of the iron-group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/64—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7453—MFS-type, e.g. ZSM-57
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7484—TON-type, e.g. Theta-1, ISI-1, KZ-2, NU-10 or ZSM-22
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/7492—MTT-type, e.g. ZSM-23, KZ-1, ISI-4 or EU-13
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0201—Oxygen-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
前記炭化水素を、水素化成分および10員環一次元ゼオライト成分(ZSM−22、ZSM−23、ZSM−35、ZSM−48、ZSM−57、SSZ−32および希土類交換されたフェリエライトの少なくとも一種である)を含む未硫化の処理水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下に、前記ワックス質炭化水素を水素化脱ロウしてそれらの流動点およびくもり点を低下するのに効果的な反応条件で水素と接触させる工程を含み、
前記触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウ前に、還元され、次いで一種以上の含酸素化合物を含むストリームで処理されていることを特徴とするワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の水素化脱ロウ方法に関する。
(a)硫黄1ppm未満を有する合成ガスを、天然ガスから製造する工程;
(b)ガス中のH2とCOを、コバルトフィッシャー−トロプシュ触媒の存在下に、燃料および潤滑油範囲で沸騰する留分を含むワックス質炭化水素を合成するのに効果的な反応条件で反応させる工程;および
(c)ワックス質炭化水素の少なくとも一部を、品質向上設備に送る工程であって、前記設備において、硫黄を含まない水素および未硫化10員環一次元ゼオライト水素化脱ロウ触媒(水素化脱ロウ前に、還元され、次いでそれを一種以上の含酸素化合物を含むコバルト接触フィッシャー−トロプシュ合成炭化水素と接触させることによって処理されて、その分解活性が低減され、ガスメークが減少され、(i)流動点およびくもり点が低下された水素化脱ロウ炭化水素、および(ii)硫黄を含まない水素リッチテールガスが製造され、並びに(iii)硫黄を含まないテールガスの少なくとも一部が炭化水素合成に用いられる)の存在下に水素化脱ロウする工程
を含むことを特徴とする、ワックス質炭化水素を合成し、水素化脱ロウする方法に関する。硫黄を含まないテールガスおよび水素とは、水素化脱ロウのためのテールガスおよび水素が、1vppm未満、好ましくは50vppb(10億分の1容積部)未満、より好ましくは20vppb未満の硫黄を含むことを意味する。
700゜F+転化率=[1−(生成物中の700゜F+留分wt%)/(原料中の700゜F+wt%)]×100
ZSM−48触媒を、水素流中で、温度500゜F(260℃)および圧力500psig(3549kPa)で6時間還元した。水素の流速は、ガス空間速度(GHSV)445であった。還元に続いて、水素流および圧力を保持しながら、温度を、350゜F(177℃)に下げ、次いでフィッシャー−トロプシュ450゜F+(232℃)含酸素化合物含有液体ワックスを、反応器中に6時間かけてゆっくり導入して、触媒を処理した。圧力、水素および反応器中への含酸素化合物含有ワックスの流速1LHSVを保持しながら、温度を610〜630゜F(321〜332℃)の水素化脱ロウ温度範囲に上げ、脱ロウを50日間継続した。次いで、原料を、逐次に、45日間で320゜F+(160℃)および700゜F+(371℃+)ワックス質異性化油に切替えた。これらの異性化油は、予め、一部が水素化脱ロウされており、含酸素化合物を含まない。これは、含酸素化合物含有フィッシャー−トロプシュワックスを水素化脱ロウすることによって得られた。この処理触媒に対する結果を図1〜6に示す。
この実施例は、還元触媒を処理したことを除いて、実施例1に類似であった。この実験においては、還元触媒を、含酸素化合物含有フィッシャー−トロプシュワックスで処理する代わりに、還元触媒を、320゜F+(160℃+)の含酸素化合物を含まないワックス質異性化油中に6時間浸漬した。次いで、実施例1におけるように、温度を、570〜620゜F(299〜327℃)の水素化脱ロウ範囲に上げた。脱ロウ反応を、45日間行った。その間、供給物を、320゜F+(160℃+)異性化油から700゜F+(371℃+)異性化油(やはり含酸素化合物を含まない)に切替えた。結果を図1〜3に示し、実施例1で上記に論じた。
この実験では、焼成触媒を、実施例1におけるように還元し、次いでそれを、水素中2%硫化水素を用いて700゜F(371℃+)および500psig(3549kPa)で4時間処理することによって硫化した。硫化に続いて、含酸素化合物を含まない320゜F+(160℃+)ワックス質異性化油を用いて、それを、温度540〜580゜F(282〜304℃)で約20日間通油した。純水素が、2500SCF/Bおよび500psig(3549kPa)で用いられた。ワックス質異性化油の原料速度は1LHSVであった。次いで、原料を、450゜F+(232℃)の含酸素化合物含有フィッシャー−トロプシュワックスに切替え、同じ条件で更に84日間運転した。結果を、実施例1の本発明の処理触媒と比較して、図4、5および6に示す。
この実験は、次の点を除いて、全ての面で実施例1のものに類似であった。即ち、(i)処理後、生のワックスが、600゜F(316℃)および水素500psig(3549kPa)で単に6日間脱ロウされた点、次いで(ii)圧力が250psig(1825kPa)に低下され、原料が生のワックスから上記の軽質異性化油に切替えられる前に、脱ロウが更に25日間継続された点である。これは、600゜F(316℃)および250psig(1724kPa)で脱ロウされた。軽質異性化油に対する脱ロウ結果を図7および8に示す。
この実験は、次の点を除いて、実施例1および2のものに類似であった。即ち、触媒を、500゜F(260℃)および500psig(3549kPa)に換えて、250゜F(121℃)および250psig(1825kPa)で還元し、脱ロウ前に、含酸素化合物含有ワックスに換えて、上記の含酸素化合物含有軽質油を用いて、還元触媒を250psig(1724kPa)および350゜F(177℃)で処理した点である。次いで、温度を、600゜F(316℃)の増大し、原料を、ゆっくり異性化油原料の700〜950゜F(371〜482℃)カットに、単に14日間のラインアウト期間に亘って切替えた。軽質異性化油(この実施例の軽質油により処理された触媒によって脱ロウされた)に対する脱ロウ結果を図7〜8に示す。
Claims (19)
- コバルト触媒により製造されたワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素を水素化脱ロウする方法であって、
前記炭化水素を、第VIII族金属成分およびZSM−48である10員環一次元ゼオライト成分を含む未硫化の含酸素化合物で処理された水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下に、温度232〜399℃、圧力170〜13891kPa、時間液空間速度0.1〜5.0および時間処理ガス比89〜1789m3/m3を含む反応条件で水素と接触させる工程を含み、
前記触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウ前に、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ温度と同じかまたはそれより低い温度で、水素化脱ロウに対する触媒の選択性を高めるために、水;あるいは、ヒドロキシル、モノおよび多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはそれらの混合物を含む一種以上の官能基を含む分子;から選ばれる一種以上の含酸素化合物を含むストリームで処理されていることを特徴とするワックス質フィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素の水素化脱ロウ方法。 - 前記一種以上の含酸素化合物は、前記ストリーム中に、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記一種以上の含酸素化合物は、酸素として測定して少なくとも200wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウされた炭化水素は、(a)燃料基材、または(b)潤滑油基材の少なくとも1種の基材を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記基材は、水素仕上げされ、任意にヘイズ除去されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記基材は、潤滑油基材を含み、前記潤滑油基材は、更に一種以上の潤滑油添加剤と組合わされて、潤滑油を形成することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の水素化脱ロウ方法。
- ワックス質炭化水素を合成および水素化脱ロウする方法であって、
H2およびCOを、コバルト触媒成分を有する非シフトフィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素合成触媒の存在下に反応させて、ワックス質炭化水素を形成する工程;および
前記ワックス質炭化水素の少なくとも一部を、水素、並びに第VIII族金属成分およびZSM−48である10員環一次元ゼオライト成分を含む未硫化の含酸素化合物で処理された水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下に、温度232〜399℃、圧力170〜13891kPa、時間液空間速度0.1〜5.0および時間処理ガス比89〜1789m3/m3を含む反応条件で水素化脱ロウする工程
を含み、
前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、前記水素化脱ロウ前に、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ温度と同じかまたはそれより低い温度で、水素化脱ロウに対する触媒の選択性を高めるために、水;あるいは、ヒドロキシル、モノおよび多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはそれらの混合物を含む一種以上の官能基を含む分子;から選ばれる一種以上の含酸素化合物を含むストリームで処理されていることを特徴とするワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。 - 前記水素化脱ロウは、水素リッチの水素化脱ロウテールガスを生成し、前記テールガスの少なくとも一部は、前記炭化水素合成に用いられることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記一種以上の含酸素化合物の少なくとも一部は、前記処理用のストリームに固有であり、酸素として測定して少なくとも200wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする請求項8に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記ストリームの少なくとも一部は、水素化脱ロウすべきフィッシャー−トロプシュワックス質炭化水素を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記脱ロウされた炭化水素は、燃料基材または潤滑油基材の一種以上の基材を含み、前記一種以上の基材は、水素仕上げされ、任意にヘイズ除去されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記基材は、潤滑油基材を含み、前記潤滑油基材は、さらに一種以上の潤滑油添加剤と組合わされて、潤滑油を形成することを特徴とする請求項11に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 下記の(a)〜(d)の工程を含むことを特徴とするワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
(a)H2およびCOの混合物を含む合成ガスを、天然ガスから製造する工程;
(b)前記合成ガスを非シフトコバルトフィッシャー−トロプシュ炭化水素合成触媒と接触させて、燃料および潤滑油範囲で沸騰する炭化水素を含むワックス質炭化水素を形成する工程;
(c)前記ワックス質炭化水素の少なくとも一部を、水素化脱ロウ品質向上設備に送る工程であって、前記設備において、
(i)前記ワックス質炭化水素を、水素、並びに第VIII族金属成分およびZSM−48である10員環一次元ゼオライト成分を含む未硫化の含酸素化合物で処理された水素化脱ロウ触媒の存在下に、温度232〜399℃、圧力170〜13891kPa、時間液空間速度0.1〜5.0および時間処理ガス比89〜1789m3/m3を含む反応条件で水素化脱ロウし、
(ii)前記水素化脱ロウ前に、前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、還元され、次いで前記水素化脱ロウ温度と同じかまたはそれより低い温度で、水素化脱ロウに対する触媒の選択性を高めるために、水;あるいは、ヒドロキシル、モノおよび多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはそれらの混合物を含む一種以上の官能基を含む分子;から選ばれる一種以上の含酸素化合物を含むストリームで処理されており、前記一種以上の含酸素化合物は、前記処理炭化水素中に、酸素として測定して少なくとも100wppmの量で存在することを特徴とする工程;
(d)前記水素化脱ロウは、水素リッチの水素化脱ロウテールガスを生成し、前記テールガスの少なくとも一部は、前記炭化水素合成に用いられる工程 - 前記工程(b)で形成された前記ワックス質炭化水素は、前記水素化脱ロウ品質向上設備に送られる前に、水素処理されないことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記第VIII族金属成分は、第VIII族貴金属を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記貴金属は、PtまたはPdの少なくとも一種であることを特徴とする請求項15に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記水素化脱ロウ触媒は、アルミナまたはアルミナ含有金属酸化物結合剤を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記処理に用いる水は、炭化水素を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
- 前記処理に用いる水は、少なくとも一種の含酸素化合物を更に含み、前記含酸素化合物は、ヒドロキシル、モノおよび多価アルコール、エステル、エーテル、ケトン、アルデヒド、カルボン酸またはそれらの混合物を含む一種以上の官能基を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のワックス質炭化水素の合成および水素化脱ロウ方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US41695102P | 2002-10-08 | 2002-10-08 | |
US60/416,951 | 2002-10-08 | ||
US10/652,391 US7201838B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-08-29 | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product |
US10/652,391 | 2003-08-29 | ||
PCT/US2003/031741 WO2004033092A1 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-07 | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006501999A JP2006501999A (ja) | 2006-01-19 |
JP5232359B2 true JP5232359B2 (ja) | 2013-07-10 |
Family
ID=32045430
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005501107A Expired - Lifetime JP5232359B2 (ja) | 2002-10-08 | 2003-10-07 | 脱ロウ生成物の収率をより増大するための脱ロウ触媒の含酸素化合物処理 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7201838B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1558382A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5232359B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003279861B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0314933A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2498926C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004033092A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7344631B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2008-03-18 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product |
US7125818B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2006-10-24 | Exxonmobil Research & Engineering Co. | Catalyst for wax isomerate yield enhancement by oxygenate pretreatment |
BR0318301A (pt) * | 2003-05-12 | 2006-07-11 | Chevron Usa Inc | processos para produzir produtos de hidrocarboneto e de material bruto sintético de ponto de fluidez baixo, e produto de óleo base lubrificante de ìndice de viscosidade ultra-alto, de ponto de fluidez baixo a partir de uma instalação fischer-tropsch |
US20050284797A1 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-29 | Genetti William B | Integrated plant process to produce high molecular weight basestocks from fischer-tropsch wax |
US20060219597A1 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-05 | Bishop Adeana R | Paraffinic hydroisomerate as a wax crystal modifier |
WO2008080072A2 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Petroradiant Inc. | Radiation processing of heavy oils |
US7759533B2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2010-07-20 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Lightly branched higher olefin oligomerization with surface modified zeolite catalyst |
US8298403B2 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2012-10-30 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Dewaxing catalysts and processes |
CN106355563B (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-05-24 | 河南工业大学 | 一种图像去雾方法和装置 |
WO2023247624A1 (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | A process to prepare kerosene |
Family Cites Families (117)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US588538A (en) * | 1897-08-17 | Bicycle-brake | ||
US2250410A (en) * | 1938-05-21 | 1941-07-22 | Shell Dev | Catalytic treatment of hydrocarbons |
US3711399A (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1973-01-16 | Texaco Inc | Selective hydrocracking and isomerization of paraffin hydrocarbons |
US4097364A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1978-06-27 | Chevron Research Company | Hydrocracking in the presence of water and a low hydrogen partial pressure |
US4053532A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1977-10-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for improving the fischer-tropsch synthesis product distribution |
US4181597A (en) * | 1977-01-26 | 1980-01-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method of stabilizing lube oils |
US4388177A (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1983-06-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of natural ferrierite hydrocracking catalyst and hydrocarbon conversion with catalyst |
US4335019A (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1982-06-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Preparation of natural ferrierite hydrocracking catalyst and hydrocarbon conversion with catalyst |
US4490242A (en) | 1981-08-07 | 1984-12-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Two-stage hydrocarbon dewaxing hydrotreating process |
US4377469A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-03-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Maintaining catalytic activity of sodium aluminosilicates |
US4431516A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1984-02-14 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Hydrocracking process |
US4431527A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1984-02-14 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for hydrogen treating high nitrogen content hydrocarbon feeds |
US4460698A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1984-07-17 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Hydrocarbon conversion catalyst |
US4431517A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1984-02-14 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for mild hydrocracking of hydrocarbon feeds |
US4483764A (en) | 1981-11-13 | 1984-11-20 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Hydrocarbon conversion process |
US4402866A (en) * | 1981-12-16 | 1983-09-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Aging resistance shape selective catalyst with enhanced activity |
US4784747A (en) | 1982-03-22 | 1988-11-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalysts over steam activated zeolite catalyst |
US4510045A (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1985-04-09 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydrocarbon dewaxing process using steam-activated alkali metal zeolite catalyst |
US4568449A (en) * | 1982-08-16 | 1986-02-04 | Union Oil Company Of California | Hydrotreating catalyst and process |
US4436614A (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-03-13 | Chevron Research Company | Process for dewaxing and desulfurizing oils |
US4431519A (en) * | 1982-10-13 | 1984-02-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for catalytically dewaxing oils |
US4610778A (en) * | 1983-04-01 | 1986-09-09 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Two-stage hydrocarbon dewaxing process |
US4594146A (en) * | 1983-10-06 | 1986-06-10 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Conversion with zeolite catalysts prepared by steam treatment |
DE3587895T2 (de) * | 1984-05-03 | 1994-12-01 | Mobil Oil Corp | Katalytische Entwachsung von leichten und schweren Ölen in zwei Parallelreaktoren. |
US4601993A (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1986-07-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalyst composition dewaxing of lubricating oils |
US4599162A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-07-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Cascade hydrodewaxing process |
US4919788A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1990-04-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant production process |
US4636299A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-01-13 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Process for the manufacture of lubricating oils |
US5419830A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1995-05-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for controlling hydrocracking and isomerization dewaxing |
US4808296A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1989-02-28 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for dewaxing hydrocarbon feedstock |
US5037528A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1991-08-06 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant production process with product viscosity control |
AU603344B2 (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1990-11-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Two stage lubricant dewaxing process |
US4975177A (en) | 1985-11-01 | 1990-12-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High viscosity index lubricants |
US4622130A (en) | 1985-12-09 | 1986-11-11 | Shell Oil Company | Economic combinative solvent and catalytic dewaxing process employing methylisopropyl ketone as the solvent and a silicate-based catalyst |
US4684756A (en) * | 1986-05-01 | 1987-08-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for upgrading wax from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis |
US4954325A (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1990-09-04 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Composition of synthetic porous crystalline material, its synthesis and use |
US4908120A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-03-13 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic dewaxing process using binder-free zeolite |
US4921593A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-05-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic dewaxing process |
US5059299A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1991-10-22 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Method for isomerizing wax to lube base oils |
US5075269A (en) | 1988-12-15 | 1991-12-24 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Production of high viscosity index lubricating oil stock |
US5015361A (en) * | 1989-01-23 | 1991-05-14 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Catalytic dewaxing process employing surface acidity deactivated zeolite catalysts |
US5246566A (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1993-09-21 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Wax isomerization using catalyst of specific pore geometry |
WO1990015120A1 (en) * | 1989-06-01 | 1990-12-13 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic dewaxing process for producing lubricating oils |
US5456820A (en) * | 1989-06-01 | 1995-10-10 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic dewaxing process for producing lubricating oils |
US5837639A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1998-11-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydroprocessing catalyst |
EP0460300A1 (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-12-11 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the preparation of a presulphided catalyst; Process for the preparation of a sulphided catalyst, and use of said catalyst |
US5110445A (en) * | 1990-06-28 | 1992-05-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant production process |
US5358628A (en) * | 1990-07-05 | 1994-10-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
US5110573A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1992-05-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Silica-alumina-organic amine product, its synthesis and use in zeolite production |
US5146022A (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1992-09-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High VI synthetic lubricants from cracked slack wax |
US5232579A (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1993-08-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic cracking process utilizing a zeolite beta catalyst synthesized with a chelating agent |
US5164170A (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1992-11-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Synthesis of zeolite Beta |
US5164169A (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1992-11-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Zeolite Beta |
US5288395A (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1994-02-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
US5208403A (en) * | 1992-01-09 | 1993-05-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High VI lubricant blends from slack wax |
US5516736A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1996-05-14 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Selectivating zeolites with organosiliceous agents |
US5275719A (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1994-01-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
US5284985A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-02-08 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Process for the selective hydrocracking of distillates to produce naphta range high octane isoparaffins |
US5362378A (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-11-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Conversion of Fischer-Tropsch heavy end products with platinum/boron-zeolite beta catalyst having a low alpha value |
US5366945A (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1994-11-22 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Supported heteropoly acid catalysts |
US5885438A (en) | 1993-02-12 | 1999-03-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Wax hydroisomerization process |
US5643440A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1997-07-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
NZ263659A (en) | 1993-03-05 | 1996-11-26 | Mobil Oil Corp | Low emission diesel fuel comprising hydrocarbon distillate and an additive package comprising a detergent, friction reducing additive and a cetane number improver |
US5827491A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1998-10-27 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for preparing the synthetic porous crystalline material MCM-56 |
US5405596A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-04-11 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Synthesis of crystalline ZSM-23 |
US5854170A (en) | 1993-07-22 | 1998-12-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method for preparing a modified solid oxide |
JP3769293B2 (ja) * | 1993-07-22 | 2006-04-19 | モービル オイル コーポレイション | 変性された固体酸化物触媒の製造方法 |
US6217747B1 (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 2001-04-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for selective wax hydrocracking |
US6080904A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 2000-06-27 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Isomerization process |
BR9303997A (pt) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-05-30 | Petroleo Brasileiro Sa | Processo para produção de óleos librificantes básicos de altos índices de viscosidade e óleo diesel de alto número de cetano |
US5457078A (en) | 1993-11-29 | 1995-10-10 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Manufacture of improved zeolite Beta catalyst |
US5488191A (en) | 1994-01-06 | 1996-01-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydrocarbon lube and distillate fuel additive |
US5780703A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1998-07-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for producing low aromatic diesel fuel with high cetane index |
US5399337A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-03-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Synthesis of crystalline SUZ-9 |
US5603824A (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 1997-02-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydrocarbon upgrading process |
US5498821A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1996-03-12 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Carbon dioxide addition in hydrocracking/hydroisomerization processes to control methane production |
US5612270A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1997-03-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Ammonium treated selectivated zeolite catalyst |
US5849968A (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1998-12-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydrocarbon conversion process with alkaline earth metal ion exchanged selectivated zeolite catalyst |
US5611192A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-03-18 | Southpac Trust International, Inc. | Apparatus for dispensing and wrapping a sheet of material about a flower pot or floral grouping |
US5689031A (en) | 1995-10-17 | 1997-11-18 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
US5603822A (en) * | 1995-11-03 | 1997-02-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalytic dewaxing of lube basestock raffinates in contact with pour point depressants |
US5976351A (en) | 1996-03-28 | 1999-11-02 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Wax hydroisomerization process employing a boron-free catalyst |
GB2311789B (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1998-11-04 | Fina Research | Process for converting wax-containing hydrocarbon feedstocks into high-grade middle distillate products |
US5911874A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-06-15 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Raffinate hydroconversion process |
EP0912243B1 (en) | 1996-07-15 | 2001-12-05 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Sulfur resistant hydroconversion catalyst and hydroprocessing of sulfur-containing lube feedstock |
WO1998002502A1 (en) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-01-22 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Base stock lube oil manufacturing process |
US5779882A (en) * | 1996-07-22 | 1998-07-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Modified MCM-56, its preparation and use |
ES2236796T3 (es) * | 1996-10-31 | 2005-07-16 | Exxonmobil Oil Corporation | Proceso para desparafinado altamente selectivo en la forma que retrasa el envejecimiento del catalizador. |
US6096189A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 2000-08-01 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks |
US6099719A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 2000-08-08 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Hydroconversion process for making lubicating oil basestocks |
US5935417A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1999-08-10 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks |
CA2278014A1 (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-07-23 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. | Method for depositing catalyst metals into zeolite to produce hydrocarbon processing catalyst |
US6090989A (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2000-07-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Isoparaffinic lube basestock compositions |
US5935413A (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-08-10 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Interbed gas-liquid mixing system for cocurrent downflow reactors |
US6346498B1 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 2002-02-12 | Exxonmobil Oil Corporation | Zeolite catalysts having stabilized hydrogenation-dehydrogenation function |
US5961951A (en) | 1998-01-12 | 1999-10-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Synthesis ZSM-48 |
US6013171A (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2000-01-11 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Catalytic dewaxing with trivalent rare earth metal ion exchanged ferrierite |
US6231749B1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2001-05-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
US6339051B1 (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 2002-01-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Diesel engine cylinder oils |
US6190532B1 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2001-02-20 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
US6051129A (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2000-04-18 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for reducing haze point in bright stock |
US6180575B1 (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 2001-01-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High performance lubricating oils |
US6179994B1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2001-01-30 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Isoparaffinic base stocks by dewaxing fischer-tropsch wax hydroisomerate over Pt/H-mordenite |
US6080301A (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-06-27 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Premium synthetic lubricant base stock having at least 95% non-cyclic isoparaffins |
US6261441B1 (en) * | 1998-09-24 | 2001-07-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Integrated hydroprocessing scheme with segregated recycle |
US6180550B1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-01-30 | Mobile Oil Corporation | Small crystal ZSM-5, its synthesis and use |
US6210563B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-04-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for producing diesel fuel with increased cetane number |
US6362123B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2002-03-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Noble metal containing low acidic hydrocracking catalysts |
US20010001449A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-05-24 | Thomas R. Kiliany | Low-pressure hydrocracking process |
US6277355B1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2001-08-21 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Synthesis of ZSM-5 and ZSM-11 |
RU2228947C2 (ru) * | 1999-07-26 | 2004-05-20 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Способ получения базового смазочного масла (варианты) |
US6337010B1 (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2002-01-08 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process scheme for producing lubricating base oil with low pressure dewaxing and high pressure hydrofinishing |
US6420063B1 (en) * | 1999-09-13 | 2002-07-16 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Mesoporous oxide compositions and solid oxide fuel cells |
US6398946B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2002-06-04 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Process for making a lube base stock from a lower molecular weight feedstock |
US6294077B1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-09-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity lubricating oil stock with improved ZSM-5 catalyst |
FR2805762B1 (fr) * | 2000-03-02 | 2004-01-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur a base de zeolithe zsm-48 et procede pour l'amelioration du point d'ecoulement de charges paraffiniques |
AU2001282948A1 (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-05 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Potato dough |
-
2003
- 2003-08-29 US US10/652,391 patent/US7201838B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-07 BR BR0314933-1A patent/BR0314933A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-07 EP EP03773185A patent/EP1558382A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-07 WO PCT/US2003/031741 patent/WO2004033092A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-10-07 JP JP2005501107A patent/JP5232359B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-07 AU AU2003279861A patent/AU2003279861B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-07 CA CA2498926A patent/CA2498926C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-20 US US11/708,947 patent/US20070155614A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR0314933A (pt) | 2005-08-02 |
EP1558382A1 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
WO2004033092A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
AU2003279861B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
CA2498926A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
US20040067843A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
AU2003279861A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
US7201838B2 (en) | 2007-04-10 |
US20070155614A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
JP2006501999A (ja) | 2006-01-19 |
CA2498926C (en) | 2013-07-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7670983B2 (en) | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product | |
JP4542902B2 (ja) | フィッシャー−トロプシュ・ワックスからの燃料および潤滑油の製造 | |
US20070155614A1 (en) | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing catalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product | |
AU2006336094B2 (en) | Hydrogenation catalyst and use thereof for hydrogenating Fischer-Tropsch endproducts | |
JP2006502280A (ja) | フィッシャー−トロプシュ・ワックスからの重質潤滑油 | |
JP2005517080A (ja) | フィッシャー・トロプシュ・プラントからの潤滑基礎油の収率を増大するための方法 | |
CA2385522C (en) | Process for the reactivation of sulfur deactivated cobalt titania catalyst | |
AU2010323208B2 (en) | Process for conversion of paraffinic feedstock | |
JP2005503451A (ja) | 分割フィード水素化分解/水素化処理を用いるフィッシャー−トロプシュワックスの改質法 | |
US6702937B2 (en) | Process for upgrading Fischer-Tropsch products using dewaxing and hydrofinishing | |
AU2003229055B2 (en) | Process for upgrading fischer-tropsch products using dewaxing and hydrofinishing | |
JP4764602B2 (ja) | 高オレフィン性のc19以下のフィッシャートロプシュ製品の製造方法 | |
ZA200502505B (en) | Oxygenate treatment of dewaxing caatalyst for greater yield of dewaxed product. | |
ZA200509230B (en) | Process for upgrading fischer-tropsch products using dewaxing and hydrofinishing | |
ZA200306842B (en) | Process for the preparation of middle distillates. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20060926 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100309 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20100601 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20100608 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100907 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111011 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120110 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20121106 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20130205 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20130305 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20130325 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20160329 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5232359 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |