JP5175301B2 - 寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブ - Google Patents
寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5175301B2 JP5175301B2 JP2009544154A JP2009544154A JP5175301B2 JP 5175301 B2 JP5175301 B2 JP 5175301B2 JP 2009544154 A JP2009544154 A JP 2009544154A JP 2009544154 A JP2009544154 A JP 2009544154A JP 5175301 B2 JP5175301 B2 JP 5175301B2
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- nonwoven fibrous
- fibrous web
- web
- fibers
- bonded nonwoven
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
- Y10T442/615—Strand or fiber material is blended with another chemically different microfiber in the same layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
- Y10T442/619—Including other strand or fiber material in the same layer not specified as having microdimensions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
- Y10T442/622—Microfiber is a composite fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
- Y10T442/626—Microfiber is synthetic polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/68—Melt-blown nonwoven fabric
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
下記の実施例の代表的な不織繊維ウェブ上で、さまざまな測定及び試験が行われた。示差走査熱量測定(DSC)は、調節されたDSC(商標)システム(デラウェア州ニューキャッスル(New Castle)のTAインストルメンツ(TA Instruments)社より提供されるQ1000モデル)を使用して行われた。かみそりの刃を用いて試験用ウェブから約2〜4ミリグラムの試験サンプルを切断し、下記の条件を用いて試験した。
透過配置形態で検証するサンプルを、個々の繊維束として調製した。繊維束は、不織ウェブから個々の繊維の群を取り除き、それらの繊維の長軸をそろえて繊維束を形成させることによって調製した。
本発明の不織メルトブロウンウェブを、ウェンテ、ヴァンA.(Van A. Wente)、「超微細熱可塑性繊維(Superfine Thermoplastic Fibers)」、生産工学化学(Industrial Engineering Chemistry)、48巻、1342頁以下(1956年)、又はウェンテ、ヴァンA.(Van A. Wente)、ブーン、C.D.(Boone, C. D.)、及びフルハーティー、E.L.(Fluharty, E. L.)、「超微細有機繊維の製造(Manufacture of Super Fine Organic Fibers)」、海軍研究試験所(Naval Research Laboratories)という題名の報告書番号4364(1954年5月25日出版)で教示されたのと同様の方法(ドリルダイが好ましくは使用されたという点を除いて)により調製した。ダイを通じて、加熱された空気の高速流の中に熱可塑性材料を押し出した。この高速流は、繊維の固化及び回収前に、繊維を引き伸ばして細化させる。繊維を無作為に有孔スクリーン上などに集めた。
実施例4は、米国特許第4,118,531号(ハウザー(Hauser)ら)に教示されている手順に従ってウェブの中に短繊維を添加する以外は、実施例1と同じであった。この短繊維は、配向ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)(4.7デシテックス、長さ約5cm)のけん縮短繊維(コサ(Kosa)T224繊維、ジョージア州コビントン(Covington)のファイバービジョンズ社(Fiber Visions Incorporated))によるものであった。ウェブの組成は、実施例2の繊維密集体50%、短繊維50%であった。
装置のある部分と動作条件が表1に詳しく説明されている。表に報告されていない装置パラメータは、以下の通りである。図2のプレート104は、0.95センチメートル(3/8インチ)の間隔で、0.64センチメートル(1/4インチ直径)の孔を含有し、プレート面積の40%などを構成する。捕集器18は、1.27メートル(50インチ幅)、0.43mm×0.60mmの開口を有する山形模様の40メッシュステンレススチール網ベルト(stainless steel woven belt)(テネシー州ポートランド(Portland)のアルバニー・インターナショナル・エンジニア・ファブリックス(Albany International Engineered Fabrics)からの2055型)であった。
ウェブの収縮
ウェブの収縮は、当初のサンプル寸法からの寸法減少率として測定した。ASTM D 3776−96に従って調製したウェブの機械方向に印を付けて、ウェブのサンプルを1辺10cmの正方形のサンプル寸法にダイカットした。ASTM D 1204−84に従ってサンプルを試験した。サンプルをアルミニウムパンの中に置いた。アルミニウムパンは、サンプルがアルミニウムパンに貼りつくのを防ぐために、軽くタルク処理した。続いて、サンプルを対流式オーブン内に置き、オーブンを2時間、一定温度に保持した。ウェブをオーブンから取り出し、約22℃及び50%の相対湿度で24時間調湿した。ウェブを測定し、機械方向及び横断方向の双方のサンプル長で除した収縮値を得ることによって、収縮を計算した。その結果を表2に記す。ウェブのアニーリング処理は、収縮を有用なレベルまで低下させ、この場合のウェブは、その処理温度を上回る温度において安定的である。
^MD(機械方向)
ウェブの成形
実施例2及び4のウェブの成形性能は、従来の成形条件であるが、以下の表3に示される130℃の成形温度を用いて、典型的なサンプルをレスピレータ型のカップ形状に成形することによって調べられる。成形手順は、米国特許出願第11/461,192号(フォックス(Fox)ら)に記載されている。5秒の成形サイクルを用いて、実施例2の2層のサンプル、並びに、実施例4の2つのサンプル(4(#1)及び4(#2))を成形した。成形型を5秒間閉じ、成形型を開けたら、サンプルを室温の成形型の上に5秒間置いた。成形高さは5.7センチメートル(2.2インチ)であり、11.5センチメートル(4.5インチ)の短軸及び13センチメートル(5.1インチ)の長軸を有する、ほぼ楕円形状を形成した。成形部分の間には0.5センチメートル(0.2インチ)の間隔があった。成形されたカップの高さは、テーブル面にこれを固定し、成形されたカップの頂部に平刃を置き、テーブル面からナイフの刃までの距離を測定することによって測定される。100グラムのおもりを刃の上に置き、高さをもう一度測定した。成形温度及び高さの測定値が表3に報告されている。実施例2及び4のウェブは、130℃の温度で成形した場合でも、成形型の形どおりにうまく成形された。C1及びC2の成形物は、ウェブ収縮の結果、成形型から外すときに裂けた。本開示に記載されているアニーリング処理は、未処理ウェブとは異なり、成形可能であるウェブを提供する。
(態様1)
a)高分子材料を含むメルトブローン繊維を押出成形する工程と、
b)最初の不織繊維ウェブとして、前記メルトブローン繊維を集める工程であって、前記繊維が、歪み誘導結晶化を実質的に含まない工程と、
c)制御された加熱及び冷却作業で、前記最初の不織繊維ウェブをアニーリングする工程であって、前記加熱及び冷却作業は、
i)ステップa)の高分子材料の低温結晶化温度(T cc )超の温度を有する第1の流体で、前記最初の不織繊維ウェブを加熱して、結合した不織繊維ウェブを提供する前記メルトブローン繊維の非晶質領域の配向を低減することと、
ii)ステップa)の前記高分子材料のガラス転移温度(T g )未満の温度を有する第2の流体で、結合した不織繊維ウェブを冷却して、冷却された結合した不織繊維ウェブを提供する前記メルトブローン繊維の前記非晶質領域を維持することと、を含む工程と、
d)寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブを提供する前記冷却された結合した不織繊維ウェブを集める工程と、
を逐次的に含んでなる、結合した不織繊維ウェブを製造するための方法。
(態様2)
前記結合した不織繊維ウェブのメルトブローン繊維が、実質的に未配向である、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様3)
前記最初の不織繊維ウェブ、前記結合した不織繊維ウェブ、前記冷却された結合した不織繊維ウェブ、及び寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブが、拘束されていない、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様4)
前記寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブの収縮が、前記最初の不織繊維ウェブに比較して4パーセント未満である、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様5)
前記メルトブローン繊維が、少なくとも一成分である、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様6)
前記高分子材料が、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、環状ポリオレフィン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様7)
前記高分子材料が、ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)を含む、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様8)
前記高分子材料が、ポリ(乳酸)を含む、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様9)
前記メルトブローン繊維の直径が、1マイクロメートル〜20マイクロメートルの範囲である、態様1に記載の方法。
(態様10)
1マイクロメートル〜20マイクロメートルの範囲の直径を有するメルトブローン繊維を含む結合した不織繊維ウェブであって、前記繊維が、歪み誘導結晶化を実質的に含まない、結合した不織繊維ウェブ。
(態様11)
前記メルトブローン繊維が、実質的な低温結晶化発熱を保有する、態様10に記載の結合した不織繊維ウェブ。
(態様12)
前記ウェブが、80℃〜200℃の範囲の温度で、少なくとも2時間、寸法的に安定である、態様10に記載の結合した不織繊維ウェブ。
(態様13)
態様10に記載の前記結合した不織繊維ウェブを含む絶縁物品であって、そして更に短繊維を含む絶縁物品。
(態様14)
態様10に記載の前記結合した不織繊維ウェブを含む成形物品。
(態様15)
態様1に記載の方法によって調製された、寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブ。
Claims (10)
- a)高分子材料を含むメルトブローン繊維を押出成形する工程と、
b)最初の不織繊維ウェブとして、前記メルトブローン繊維を集める工程であって、前記繊維が、歪み誘導結晶化を実質的に含まない工程と、
c)制御された加熱及び冷却作業で、前記最初の不織繊維ウェブをアニーリングする工程であって、前記加熱及び冷却作業は、
i)ステップa)の高分子材料の低温結晶化温度(Tcc)超の温度を有する第1の流体で、前記最初の不織繊維ウェブを加熱して、結合した不織繊維ウェブを提供する前記メルトブローン繊維の非晶質領域の配向を低減することと、
ii)ステップa)の前記高分子材料のガラス転移温度(Tg)未満の温度を有する第2の流体で、結合した不織繊維ウェブを冷却して、冷却された結合した不織繊維ウェブを提供する前記メルトブローン繊維の前記非晶質領域を維持することと、を含む工程と、
d)寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブを提供する前記冷却された結合した不織繊維ウェブを集める工程と、
を逐次的に含んでなり、
任意選択的に、前記結合した不織繊維ウェブのメルトブローン繊維が、実質的に未配向である、結合した不織繊維ウェブを製造するための方法。 - 前記最初の不織繊維ウェブ、前記結合した不織繊維ウェブ、前記冷却された結合した不織繊維ウェブ、及び寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブが、拘束されていない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記寸法的に安定な結合した不織繊維ウェブの収縮が、前記最初の不織繊維ウェブに比較して4パーセント未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記メルトブローン繊維が、少なくとも一成分である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記高分子材料が、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、環状ポリオレフィン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記高分子材料が、ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)またはポリ(乳酸)を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記メルトブローン繊維が1マイクロメートル〜20マイクロメートルの範囲の直径を有し、そして前記メルトブローン繊維が歪み誘導結晶化を含まず、任意選択的に、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)プロットに示される前記高分子材料のTg超で、前記ポリマー鎖の非結晶領域が組織化および配向するTccにおいて、前記メルトブローン繊維が、低温結晶化発熱を保有する、請求項1に記載の方法により調製された結合した不織繊維ウェブ。
- 前記ウェブが、80℃〜200℃の範囲の温度で、少なくとも2時間、寸法的に安定である、請求項7に記載の結合した不織繊維ウェブ。
- 請求項7に記載の前記結合した不織繊維ウェブを含む絶縁物品であって、そして更に短繊維を含む絶縁物品。
- 請求項7に記載の前記結合した不織繊維ウェブを含む成形物品。
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US11/617,274 US8802002B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Dimensionally stable bonded nonwoven fibrous webs |
PCT/US2007/087106 WO2008082872A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2007-12-12 | Dimensionally stable bonded nonwoven fibrous webs |
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BRPI0910011A2 (pt) | 2008-06-12 | 2016-01-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | composição hidrofílica durável, artigo e processos para fabricar uma composição hidrofílica durável |
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EP2102401B1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
US20140024279A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
KR20090118026A (ko) | 2009-11-17 |
BRPI0720613A2 (pt) | 2014-04-15 |
CN101622388A (zh) | 2010-01-06 |
WO2008082872A8 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
CN101622388B (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
US8802002B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
KR101432854B1 (ko) | 2014-08-26 |
EP2102401A4 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
WO2008082872A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
US20080160861A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
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