JP5139282B2 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 172
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 265
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 208
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000287462 Phalacrocorax carbo Species 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical group O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る燃料電池発電システムの構成を示すブロック図である。
2 改質器
3 燃料電池
4 空気供給器
5 バーナ
6 燃焼ファン
7 冷却水ポンプ
8 冷却水経路
9 冷却水タンク
10 貯湯水経路
11 貯湯タンク
12 回収水経路
13 回収水タンク
14 相互循環ポンプ
15 相互循環経路
16 改質水ポンプ
17 改質水経路
18 排水経路
19 電気ヒータ
20 温度検知器
21 制御器
22 可燃性ガスセンサ
23 COセンサ
24 燃焼ファン異常検知器
25 改質器温度検知器
26 圧力検知器
27 排燃焼ガス経路
28 冷却水ポンプ異常検知器
29 水素供給経路
30 排水素ガス経路
31 熱交換器
32 電源
33 入切スイッチ
34 凍結防止停止スイッチ
35 貯湯水ポンプ
36 CO除去器
37 酸化ガス経路
38 排空気経路
39 凍結防止回路
41 電気配線
42 インバータ
43 スタック電圧低下異常検知器
44 インバータ異常検知器
51 冷却水水位検知器
52 冷却水温度検知器
53 回収水水位検知器
54 改質水供給異常検知器
55 貯湯水ポンプ異常検知器
56 貯湯水温度検知器
57 酸化ガス流量異常検知器
58 スタック空気供給異常検知器
Claims (9)
- 燃料と酸化剤とを用いて発電する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池の運転に関連する水の経路である水経路と、
前記水経路を加熱する電気ヒータと、
可燃性ガスの漏洩に関係する異常を含む第1の異常を検知する第1の異常検知器と、
前記第1の異常と異なる第2の異常を検知する第2の異常検知器と、
制御器と、を備え、前記制御器が、前記第1の異常検知器で第1の異常が検知され又は前記第2の異常検知器で第2の異常が検知された場合に運転を停止するよう構成された燃料電池システムであって、
前記制御器は、前記第2の異常検知器で第2の異常が検知されたことによって前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止せず、
前記第1の異常検知器で第1の異常が検知されたことによって前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止するよう構成されている、燃料電池システム。 - 前記水経路が、前記燃料電池を冷却するための冷却水が流れる冷却水経路と、前記冷却水を貯える冷却水タンクと、前記冷却水経路を流れる冷却水から熱を回収する貯湯水が流れる貯湯水経路と、前記貯湯水を貯える貯湯タンクと、前記燃料電池からの排ガスから回収された回収水が流れる回収水経路と、前記回収水を貯える回収水タンクと、の少なくともいずれか一つである、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記第1の異常検知器として、可燃性ガス濃度を検知する可燃性ガスセンサを備え、前記制御器は、前記可燃性ガスセンサが所定の閾値以上の可燃性ガス濃度を検知して前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止するよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 原料から前記燃料として水素含有ガスを生成する改質器と、前記改質器を加熱するバーナと、前記バーナからの排ガスのCO濃度を検知する前記第1の異常検知器としてのCOセンサとを備え、前記制御器は、前記COセンサが所定の閾値以上のCO濃度を検知して前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止するよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 原料から前記燃料として水素含有ガスを生成する改質器と、前記改質器を加熱するバーナと、前記バーナに酸化ガスを供給する酸化ガス供給器と、前記酸化ガス供給器の異常を検知する前記第1の異常検知器としての酸化ガス供給異常検知器とを備え、前記制御器は、前記酸化ガス供給異常検知器が異常を検知して前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止するよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 原料から前記燃料として水素含有ガスを生成する改質器と、前記改質器の温度を検知する前記第1の異常検知器としての改質器温度検知器とを備え、前記制御器は、前記改質器温度検知器が所定の閾値以上の温度を検知して前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止するよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 原料から前記燃料として水素含有ガスを生成する改質器と、前記改質器内部の圧力を検知する前記第1の異常検知器としての圧力検知器とを備え、前記制御器は、前記圧力検知器が所定の閾値以上の圧力を検知して前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止するよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記第2の異常検知器が、前記第2の異常としての、前記燃料電池システムの運転に関連する水または空気の流量を制御する流量制御器(除く燃焼空気供給器)の異常、燃料電池の運転に関連する水の温度に関する異常、前記燃料電池の運転に関連する水の水位に関する異常、前記燃料電池の運転に関連する流体(除く燃焼空気)の流量に関する異常、及び前記燃料電池で発電される電気の出力に関する異常の少なくともいずれかを検知するものであり、
前記制御器は、前記第2の異常検知器で前記第2の異常が検知されたことによって前記燃料電池システムが停止している場合には、前記凍結防止運転としての前記電気ヒータの動作を禁止しないよう構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 冷却水を流す為の冷却水ポンプと、前記燃料電池の運転に関連する流体の流量に関する異常としての前記冷却水ポンプの異常を検知する前記第2の異常検知器としての冷却水ポンプ異常検知器と、を備える、請求項8に記載の燃料電池システム。
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