JP5101855B2 - バイオリアクタ - Google Patents
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- JP5101855B2 JP5101855B2 JP2006279319A JP2006279319A JP5101855B2 JP 5101855 B2 JP5101855 B2 JP 5101855B2 JP 2006279319 A JP2006279319 A JP 2006279319A JP 2006279319 A JP2006279319 A JP 2006279319A JP 5101855 B2 JP5101855 B2 JP 5101855B2
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 241001453382 Nitrosomonadales Species 0.000 claims description 20
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 15
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
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- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000232 Lipid Bilayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000605122 Nitrosomonas Species 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002468 redox effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020411 cell activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019522 cellular metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005515 coenzyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001729 effect on metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000852 hydrogen donor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004020 intracellular membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001730 nitrous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013842 nitrous oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Description
アンモニア態窒素を含有する液体を導入する被処理液導入部と、処理液排出部と、窒素ガス排出部と、空気導入部とを有し、アンモニア酸化細菌と共脱窒菌とを担持する微生物担持電極と対極からなる一対の電極を有する反応槽を備えたバイオリアクタであって、
前記微生物担持電極にアンモニア態窒素から亜硝酸態窒素を生成するアンモニア酸化細菌と、亜硝酸態窒素とアンモニア態窒素から窒素を生成する共脱窒菌とを担持してなり、
前記微生物担持電極に、アンモニア態窒素から亜硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起し進行するが、硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起しない電位を印加して成ることを特徴とするバイオリアクタ。
アンモニア態窒素から亜硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起し進行するが、硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起しない電位は、pHが5.5〜8.5の場合、電極電位領域+0.2〜+0.5V(対標準水素電極電位基準)の範囲の電位であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のバイオリアクタ。
前記微生物担持電極が、電子導伝性の炭化物であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のバイオリアクタ。
前記反応槽内で、前記微生物担持電極の表面に沿って被処理液が流通する構造、及び又は、前記微生物担持電極内を被処理液が流通する構造であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載のバイオリアクタ。
アンモニア酸化細菌や共脱窒菌の細胞と前記微生物担持電極の間に、前記細胞の活性化や抑制に関与する物質を存在させることを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れかに記載のバイオリアクタ。
活性汚泥処理水にアンモニアを添加した液を試験に用いた。100mlビーカーに被験液50mlを入れ、前述した方法と同じく1600℃焼成、表面酸化処理を施したPAN系炭素繊維フェルト(厚さ約3mm、長さ7cm、幅2cm)をまるめて全線リード線として巻きつけたものを作用極としてビーカー内に固定した。
pH :ガラス電極法
硝酸濃度 :イオンクロマトグラフ法
亜硝酸濃度 :同上
アンモニア濃度:同上
COD :過マンガン酸カリウム法
図1に示すテスト用セルを用いて連続実験を行った。本テストでは作用極内部にガラス管を挿入して、そこから定量ポンプ(シリンダーポンプ)で、被処理液を約1mL/10分の割合で注入した。
10:反応槽
10A:本体
10B:蓋体
100:被処理液導入部
101:処理液排出部
102:窒素ガス排出部
103:空気導入部
104:微生物担持電極
104A:アンモニア酸化細菌が生息するように担持される領域
104B:共脱窒菌が生息するように担持される領域
105:対極
107:隔膜あるいは隔壁
108:参照極
109:pH測定部
110:電位制御部
111:電位印加部
Claims (5)
- アンモニア態窒素を含有する液体を導入する被処理液導入部と、処理液排出部と、窒素ガス排出部と、空気導入部とを有し、アンモニア酸化細菌と共脱窒菌とを担持する微生物担持電極と対極からなる一対の電極を有する反応槽を備えたバイオリアクタであって、
前記微生物担持電極にアンモニア態窒素から亜硝酸態窒素を生成するアンモニア酸化細菌と、亜硝酸態窒素とアンモニア態窒素から窒素を生成する共脱窒菌とを担持してなり、
前記微生物担持電極に、アンモニア態窒素から亜硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起し進行するが、硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起しない電位を印加して成ることを特徴とするバイオリアクタ。 - アンモニア態窒素から亜硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起し進行するが、硝酸態窒素を生成する反応は生起しない電位は、pHが5.5〜8.5の場合、電極電位領域+0.2〜+0.5V(対標準水素電極電位基準)の範囲の電位であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のバイオリアクタ。
- 前記微生物担持電極が、電子導伝性の炭化物であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のバイオリアクタ。
- 前記反応槽内で、前記微生物担持電極の表面に沿って被処理液が流通する構造、及び又は、前記微生物担持電極内を被処理液が流通する構造であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れかに記載のバイオリアクタ。
- アンモニア酸化細菌や共脱窒菌の細胞と前記微生物担持電極の間に、前記細胞の活性化や抑制に関与する物質を存在させることを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れかに記載のバイオリアクタ。
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JP4821809B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-12 | 2011-11-24 | 株式会社石垣 | 微生物担持体の製造方法並びに生物脱窒装置 |
JP5025020B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-07 | 2012-09-12 | 国立大学法人帯広畜産大学 | 有機性廃棄物の処理システムおよび方法 |
JP5372826B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-12-18 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | 微生物群担持担体の作製方法並びに微生物を利用した物質処理方法及び物質生産方法 |
JP5314647B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-21 | 2013-10-16 | 国立成功大学 | 透過性電気化学式バイオバリアとその使用方法 |
US20110042233A1 (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2011-02-24 | Yung-Fu Wang | Permeable electrochemical reactive biobarrier and method for using the same |
JP2011212513A (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 微生物処理システム |
CN102267763B (zh) * | 2010-06-04 | 2014-04-16 | 国立成功大学 | 透水性电化学微生物反应墙及其使用方法 |
CN114426933B (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-07-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种提高亚硝酸细菌细胞产率的方法 |
CN116239213B (zh) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-10-24 | 北京工业大学 | 一种电化学-厌氧氨氧化装置及其运行方法 |
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JP4801244B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-13 | 2011-10-26 | 日華化学株式会社 | 生物電気化学的処理による排水中の窒素成分の除去方法および除去装置 |
WO2005095289A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Kumamoto Technology And Industry Foundation | アンモニア含有廃水の処理方法 |
JP2006159112A (ja) * | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-22 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 微生物担持電池兼電解装置及びこれを用いた電解方法 |
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