JP5037490B2 - ナノ粒子/活性成分結合体 - Google Patents
ナノ粒子/活性成分結合体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5037490B2 JP5037490B2 JP2008505731A JP2008505731A JP5037490B2 JP 5037490 B2 JP5037490 B2 JP 5037490B2 JP 2008505731 A JP2008505731 A JP 2008505731A JP 2008505731 A JP2008505731 A JP 2008505731A JP 5037490 B2 JP5037490 B2 JP 5037490B2
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- nanoparticles
- nanoparticle
- cancer
- therapeutically active
- bound
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Description
−S−S−,−O−P(=O)(O−)−O−,−CO−CO−,−NH−CO−CO−NH−,−C=N−C,ケタール,−CO−NH−N=C−,トリオキシシラン(−O−)(−O−)(−O−)Si−Cまたはアセタール。
放出させるマイトマイシンと結合させたナノ粒子の調製:
アミノシランによって安定化された鉄酸化物ナノ粒子に細胞分裂阻害性のマイトマイシンを結合させるために、マイトマイシンとトリエトキシシリルブチルアルデヒドとの結合体を合成する。このために、マイトマイシンとトリエトキシシリルブチルアルデヒドとを1:1のモル比で溶解し、そして2時間撹拌する。そうすると、活性成分がイミン結合によってシランに結合される。次いで、該結合体を、以下のように鉄酸化物ナノ粒子をコーティングするために用いる:コーティングされていない鉄酸化物粒子の懸濁液(水酸化ナトリウムによる沈殿によって塩化鉄(II)および塩化鉄(III)から調製される)を、酢酸を用いてpH5に設定する。次いで、マイトマイシン/シラン結合体とアミノプロピルトリエトキシシランとの混合物を連続撹拌下で添加する。アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランに対するマイトマイシンのモル比を予め1:50に設定する。24時間後、懸濁液の体積が2倍になるようにエチレングリコールを添加する。次いで、水を蒸留によって除去する。したがって、シランは鉄酸化物粒子に固定されて結合される。懸濁液を、超純水に対する透析によって精製し、そして(蒸留によって)1mol/lの鉄濃度まで濃縮する。
リンカーとしてグルタルアルデヒドを用いた、鉄酸化物ナノ粒子へのアミノ修飾オリゴヌクレオチドの結合
アミノシランによって安定化されたナノ粒子を、水酸化ナトリウムによる塩化鉄(II)および塩化鉄(III)の沈殿によって調製し、アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランの添加によってコーティングする(WO97/38058にしたがう)。懸濁液を2mol/lの鉄濃度まで濃縮する。
生分解性層の付与
実施例2にしたがって調製した、グルタルジアルデヒドリンカーおよびそこに固定化されたオリゴヌクレオチドを有するナノ粒子を、凍結乾燥し、そしてスプレー法を用いて、ポリグリコールを含むエタノール溶液で処理する。溶媒の除去後、生分解性ポリグリコールコーティングを備えるナノ粒子が得られる。このようなコーティングは、例えば、アプタマーおよび腫瘍細胞特異的抗体を付着させるために役立つ。
オリゴヌクレオチドを介する活性物質の結合
最近では、オリゴヌクレオチド合成は、大部分は自動化され、そして確立された保護基化学を用いて行われている。15ヌクレオチドからなる短いオリゴヌクレオチドを、ナノ粒子に共有結合させる(実施例2を参照のこと)。第1のオリゴヌクレオチドに相補的である第2のオリゴヌクレオチドを、末端修飾を介して活性成分のドキソルビシンと結合させる。両方の構成成分を一緒にし、そして95℃の温度に短時間加熱し、オリゴヌクレオチドを変性させる。次いで、オリゴヌクレオチドの融点のすぐ下の温度でインキュベートすることによって2つの鎖を対合させ、二本鎖を形成させる。オリゴヌクレオチドの配列は、二本鎖の融解が起こらないように生理的条件下での融点が約48℃となるように選択する。50℃よりも高くに加熱することによって、調製されたDNA二本鎖は量的に融解され、そして活性成分は、付着されているオリゴヌクレオチドと一緒になって放出される。一本鎖DNAは、細胞に進入するとすぐに急速に分解されるため、活性成分は完全に放出される。
核酸の三重らせんを介する活性物質の結合
二重鎖RNAは、特異的遺伝子を不活性化するために、いわゆるsiRNA(低分子干渉RNA)として治療で用いられ得る。このようなRNAが、輸送体として用いられるナノ粒子から外部制御下に放出される場合、選り抜きの方法は、特異的三重らせんを介する結合にある。
オリゴペプチド分子を介する活性物質の結合
温度感受性オリゴペプチドドメインを介する温度感受性結合は、腫瘍壊死因子(TNFα)のようなポリペプチドエフェクターの遺伝子操作産物のターゲッティングのために特に適している。この場合、ヘテロダイマー化、いわゆるロイシンジッパーが用いられる。荷電基(アルギニン/リジン対グルタミン酸/アスパラギン酸)のイオン性相互作用によって、結合が安定化され、そして同時に特異化される。
オリゴヌクレオチドペプチド結合を介する活性物質の結合
核酸と核酸との、およびタンパク質とタンパク質との(またはポリペプチドとポリペプチドとの)特異的な熱に不安定な相互作用に加えて、タンパク質またはポリペプチドと核酸との間の特異的(および非特異的)な生物学的相互作用もまたある。このような相互作用は同じ非共有結合に基づくため、これは、基本的には上記とまさに同じく熱に不安定であり、したがって、活性成分の熱的放出のための熱に不安定なリンカー系として同等に用いられ得る。核酸と非特異的に相互作用するタンパク質(例えば、ヒストンまたはDNA複製フォークの一本鎖SSBタンパク質)あるいは核酸と非常に特異的に相互作用するタンパク質(例えば、リプレッサー、転写因子)のいずれも用いられる。リプレッサータンパク質のいわゆる「ヘリックス・ターン・ヘリックス」モチーフおよび核レセプタータンパク質のいわゆる「ジンクフィンガー」モチーフが、特異的DNA結合ポリペプチドとして用いられる。それらは両方とも、代表的には約60アミノ酸を含む。(ジンクフィンガーモチーフは、2つの同等のサイズのループからなり、それぞれが2対のシステインを有するか、または1対のシステインおよび1対のヒスチジンを有し、これらが、錯形成亜鉛原子によって一緒に保持される)。したがって、2つの指様構造が形成され、DNAの主溝の中に達する。これらの2つの構造の間に、15〜20のアミノ酸を含むリンカーが位置し、このリンカーは、ステロイドホルモンレセプターの場合には、パリンドロームのDNA配列を特異的に認識するアミノ酸配列を含む。
治療薬としてのハプテンの自己由来タンパク質に対する自発的な結合は、免疫反応をもたらし得る。抗体の結合は、効果の中和もまたもたらし得る。該効果は、ハプテン/抗体複合体の熱的分解によって局所的な活性化を実現するために用いられる。
ビタミンであるビオチンと雌鳥卵白由来の結合タンパク質であるアビジン(またはその細菌のアナログであるストレプトアビジン)との間の非共有結合は、知られている最も強い非共有結合の相互作用である。しかし、高い結合エネルギーによって、この結合は、利用できる温度区間内では融解され得ない。該非常に特異的な結合をなお利用できるようにするには、減少した結合強度を有するビオチンの誘導体、例えば、デスチオビオチン(ビオチンの場合の1×1015と比較して5×1013の解離定数を有する)またはイミノビオチン(3.5×1011の解離定数)が用いられなければならない。(ストレプト)アビジンに対するこれらの結合は、治療上達成され得る温度で生理的に融解される。
放出させるシスプラチンと結合させたナノ粒子の調製:
アミノシランによって安定化された鉄酸化物ナノ粒子に細胞分裂阻害性のシスプラチンを結合させるために、まず、実施例1の特徴を有するナノ粒子を、アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランによって誘導体化する。このために、コーティングされていない鉄酸化物粒子の懸濁液(水酸化ナトリウムによる沈殿によって塩化鉄(II)および塩化鉄(III)から調製される)を、酢酸を用いてpH5に設定する。アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランを、水酸基の理論最大数に対するモル比で液滴により添加し、室温で1時間撹拌し、次いで、シスプラチンの等モル量と混合し、シランのアミノ基と求核置換反応で反応させる。
該シスプラチンナノ粒子の水溶液を非誘導体化ナノ粒子と比較して神経膠芽腫細胞で調べた。
Claims (12)
- ナノ粒子であって、少なくとも1つの治療上活性物質が、リンカー分子を介して該ナノ粒子に結合されており、該リンカー分子が、DNA−DNA、DNA−RNA、DNA−PNA、RNA−RNA、RNA−PNAまたはPNA−PNAからの二本鎖核酸構築物、二重らせん、ホモハイブリッドまたはヘテロハイブリッドであり、そして該ナノ粒子からの該少なくとも1つの治療上活性物質の解離が、交流磁場によって引き起こされる、または開始される、または増強される、ナノ粒子。
- 前記少なくとも1つの治療上活性物質が、前記ナノ粒子に共有結合されている、請求項1に記載のナノ粒子。
- 前記ナノ粒子が、保護被覆またはコーティングのいずれかを備える、請求項1または2に記載のナノ粒子。
- 前記保護被覆またはコーティングが、アミノ基またはカルボキシ基を有する、請求項3に記載のナノ粒子。
- 前記少なくとも1つの治療上活性物質が、抗増殖性、抗遊走性、抗血管新生性、抗血栓性、抗炎症性、消炎性、細胞分裂阻害性、細胞障害性、抗凝固性、抗細菌性、抗ウイルス性および/または抗真菌性の薬剤を含む群から選択される、請求項1から4のいずれかの項に記載のナノ粒子。
- 前記少なくとも1つの治療上活性物質が、アクチノマイシンD、アメタントロン、9−アミノカンプトテシン、アミノグルテチミド、アムサクリン、アナストロゾール、プリンおよびピリミジン塩基のアンタゴニスト、アントラサイクリン、アロマターゼインヒビター、アスパラギナーゼ、抗エストロゲン剤、ベンダムスチン、ベキサロテン、バイオリムスA9、ブレオマイシン、ブセレリン、ブスルファン、カリケアマイシン、カンプトテシン、カンプトテシン誘導体、カペシタビン、カルボプラチン、カルムスチン、クロラムブシル、シスプラチン、クラドリビン、シクロホスファミド、シタラビン、シトシンアラビノシド、アルキル化細胞分裂阻害剤、ダカルバジン、ダクチノマイシン、ダウノルビシン、5’−デオキシ−5−フルオロウリジン、ドセタキセル、ドキソルビシン(アドリアマイシン)、ドキソルビシンリポ、エピルビシン、エストラムスチン、エトポシド、エキセメスタン、フルダラビン、フルオロウラシル、葉酸アンタゴニスト、ホルメスタン、ゲムシタビン、グルココルチコイド、ゴセレリン、ホルモンおよびホルモンアンタゴニスト、ハイカムチン、ヒドロキシ尿素、イダルビシン、イホスファミド、イマチニブ、イリノテカン、レトロゾール、リュープロレリン、ロムスチン、メイタンシノイド、メルファラン、メルカプトプリン、メトトレキサート、ミルテホシン、マイトマイシン、ミトポドジド、抗有糸分裂剤、ミトキサントロン、ニムスチン、オキサリプラチン、オキサザホスホリン、パクリタキセル、ペントスタチン、ポドフィロトキシン誘導体、プロカルバジン、ラパマイシン、ロドマイシンD、タモキシフェン、テモゾロミド、テニポシド、テストラクトン、チオテパ、チオグアニン、トポイソメラーゼインヒビター、トポテカン、トレオスルファン、トレチノイン、トリプトレリン、トロホスファミド、ビンカアルカロイド、ビンブラスチン、ビンクリスチン、ビンデシン、ビノレルビン、細胞分裂阻害活性抗生物質を含む群から選択される、請求項5に記載のナノ粒子。
- 前記少なくとも1つの治療上活性物質が、核酸、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、炭水化物、脂質、糖タンパク質、グリカンまたはリポタンパク質を含む群から選択され、該物質が、抗増殖性、抗遊走性、抗血管新生性、抗血栓性、抗炎症性、消炎性、細胞分裂阻害性、細胞障害性、抗凝固性、抗細菌性、抗ウイルス性および/または抗真菌性の特性を有する、請求項5に記載のナノ粒子。
- 前記ナノ粒子が、超常磁性の鉄酸化物または酸化物層を有する純鉄で構成されている、請求項1から7のいずれかの項に記載のナノ粒子。
- 通常の癌治療方法を補助するための増感剤、放射線増感剤および/または増幅剤が、前記ナノ粒子に結合されている、請求項1から8のいずれかの項に記載のナノ粒子。
- モノクローナル抗体または抗体フラグメントおよび/またはアプタマーが、前記ナノ粒子の表面に結合されている、請求項1から9のいずれかの項に記載のナノ粒子。
- 請求項1から10のいずれかの項に記載のナノ粒子を含む点滴液。
- 増殖性疾患、癌および細菌感染の治療および/または予防のための医薬品組成物の調製のための、請求項1から10のいずれかの項に記載のナノ粒子の使用。
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DE102005016873A DE102005016873A1 (de) | 2005-04-12 | 2005-04-12 | Nanopartikel-Wirstoff-Konjugate |
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PCT/DE2006/000653 WO2006108405A2 (de) | 2005-04-12 | 2006-04-12 | Nanopartikel-wirkstoff-konjugate |
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ITRM20030376A1 (it) | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-01 | Univ Roma | Procedimento per l'isolamento e l'espansione di cellule staminali cardiache da biopsia. |
US11660317B2 (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2023-05-30 | The Johns Hopkins University | Compositions comprising cardiosphere-derived cells for use in cell therapy |
US9034380B2 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2015-05-19 | Midatech Ltd. | Nanoparticles comprising antibacterial ligands |
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EP1871423A2 (de) | 2008-01-02 |
JP2008536837A (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
WO2006108405B1 (de) | 2007-04-05 |
KR20130098441A (ko) | 2013-09-04 |
DK1871423T3 (da) | 2012-10-29 |
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ES2392346T3 (es) | 2012-12-07 |
CN101247836A (zh) | 2008-08-20 |
AU2006233483B2 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
KR20080007323A (ko) | 2008-01-18 |
CA2603734C (en) | 2012-06-05 |
DE102005016873A1 (de) | 2006-10-19 |
WO2006108405A2 (de) | 2006-10-19 |
EP1871423B1 (de) | 2012-08-01 |
IL186521A (en) | 2013-03-24 |
CN101247836B (zh) | 2013-07-10 |
ZA200708692B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
NZ561928A (en) | 2010-10-29 |
AU2006233483A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
KR20120101727A (ko) | 2012-09-14 |
RU2007141588A (ru) | 2009-05-20 |
US9345768B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
BRPI0610220A2 (pt) | 2012-09-25 |
WO2006108405A3 (de) | 2007-02-01 |
RU2490027C2 (ru) | 2013-08-20 |
RU2490027C9 (ru) | 2013-09-27 |
MX2007012670A (es) | 2008-01-28 |
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