JP4976426B2 - 冷凍サイクル系統、天然ガス液化設備、及び冷凍サイクル系統の改造方法 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル系統、天然ガス液化設備、及び冷凍サイクル系統の改造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4976426B2 JP4976426B2 JP2008553932A JP2008553932A JP4976426B2 JP 4976426 B2 JP4976426 B2 JP 4976426B2 JP 2008553932 A JP2008553932 A JP 2008553932A JP 2008553932 A JP2008553932 A JP 2008553932A JP 4976426 B2 JP4976426 B2 JP 4976426B2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 199
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 102
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 51
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241001125929 Trisopterus luscus Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0253—Surge control by throttling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0298—Safety aspects and control of the refrigerant compression system, e.g. anti-surge control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
- F25B2600/0261—Compressor control by controlling unloaders external to the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
- F25J2280/10—Control for or during start-up and cooling down of the installation
Description
5 受液器
6 凝縮器
12 戻り流路
13 絞り弁
14 放風流路
15 放風弁
25 膨張部
26 蒸発部
27 ガスタービン
31 IGV
35 回転数検出器
36 操作盤
45 可変静翼
50 真空ポンプ
60 エジェクタ
100 主熱交換器
120 混合冷媒冷凍サイクル系統
130 プロパン冷凍サイクル系統
本発明に係る冷凍サイクル系統は、冷媒と熱交換させることで被冷却媒体を冷却するものである。冷却後の被冷却媒体は、これを冷熱源として利用する熱利用施設に供給される。熱利用施設の一例としては、例えば気体の状態の天然ガスを冷却し液化する施設が挙げられる。天然ガスは液化することにより体積が減少し運搬効率が向上する。勿論、天然ガスを液化する施設に限らず冷却後の被冷却媒体を熱源として利用できる施設であれば、本発明の冷凍サイクル系統の被冷却媒体の利用先とすることができる。
図1を用いて本発明に係る冷凍サイクル系統の第1実施例を説明する。
図1及び図2を用いて本実施例の冷凍サイクル系統の定常運転状態の動作を説明する。以下の説明では、作動媒体にプロパンを用いた場合を例に挙げて説明し、各段階において考えられ得る冷媒や被冷却媒体の温度や圧力の一例を(括弧)内に記載する。また、以下の動作は、操作盤36による手動操作によるものであっても、操作盤36内に予め格納してある自動運転プログラムに順ずる操作盤36内の制御装置の自動制御によるものであっても良い。
次に本実施例の冷凍サイクル系統の起動時の動作を説明する。
本実施例の冷凍サイクル系統により得られる作用効果を説明する。
本発明の冷凍サイクル系統の場合、最も特徴的な構成要素が戻り流路12及び絞り弁13と簡便なものであるため、冷媒圧縮機を有する既存の冷凍サイクル系統に、戻り流路12と絞り弁13に相当する部材を追加することで構成可能である。放風流路14・放風弁15に相当する部材が既存の冷凍サイクル系統にない場合、これも追加することが好ましい。
図3は本実施例の冷凍サイクル系統を用いた天然ガス液化設備の全体構成図である。図3を用いて本実施例の冷凍サイクル系統の天然ガス液化設備への適用例を説明する。
Claims (8)
- 被冷却媒体を冷却する冷凍サイクル系統において、
被冷却媒体を冷却した後の冷媒を圧縮する冷媒圧縮機と、
この冷媒圧縮機で圧縮された冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器と、
前記冷媒圧縮機に直結された一軸式のガスタービンと、
前記凝縮器の下流側と前記冷媒圧縮機の入口とを接続する戻り流路と、
この戻り流路の流量を制御する絞り部と、
前記ガスタービンの回転数を検出する回転数検出器と、
この回転数検出器からの検出信号を基に前記ガスタービンの回転数を演算する演算部と、
この演算部の演算結果を基に、前記ガスタービンが定格回転数に達するまでは昇速率が目標値に近付くように、前記ガスタービンが定格回転数に達した後は回転数が実質一定になるように、前記絞り部を制御する制御部と
を備えたことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統。 - 被冷却媒体を冷却する冷凍サイクル系統において、
凝縮した冷媒を受け入れる受液器と、
この受液器から供給された冷媒を膨張させる膨張部と、
この膨張部で膨張した冷媒を被冷却媒体と熱交換させて蒸発させる蒸発部と、
この蒸発部で被冷却媒体を冷却した後の冷媒を圧縮する冷媒圧縮機と、
この冷媒圧縮機で圧縮された冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器と、
前記冷媒圧縮機に直結された一軸式のガスタービンと、
前記凝縮器の下流側と前記冷媒圧縮機の入口とを接続する戻り流路と、
この戻り流路の流量を制御する絞り部と、
前記凝縮器の下流側を大気開放する放風流路と、
この放風流路の流量を制御する放風弁と、
前記ガスタービンの回転数を検出する回転数検出器と、
この回転数検出器からの検出信号を基に前記ガスタービンの回転数を演算する演算部と、
この演算部の演算結果を基に、前記ガスタービンが定格回転数に達するまでは昇速率が目標値に近付くように、前記ガスタービンが定格回転数に達した後は回転数が実質一定になるように、前記絞り部を制御する制御部と
を備えたことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統。 - 請求項1の冷凍サイクル系統において、
前記ガスタービンの回転数を検出する回転数検出器と、
この回転数検出器からの検出信号を基に前記ガスタービンの回転数を演算する演算部と、
前記絞り部の開度を制御する制御部と
を備えたことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統。 - 請求項1の冷凍サイクル系統において、
前記ガスタービンの吸気流量を制御する吸気流量調整手段と、
前記ガスタービンの回転数を検出する回転数検出器と、
この回転数検出器からの検出信号を基に前記ガスタービンの回転数を演算する演算部と、
この演算部の演算結果を基に前記吸気流量調整手段の開度を増加させ、前記吸気流量調整手段が最大開度になった後に前記絞り部の開度を増加させる制御部と
を備えたことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統。 - 請求項2の冷凍サイクル系統において、前記放風流路における前記放風弁よりも下流側に設けた真空ポンプを備えることを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統。
- 請求項1の冷凍サイクル系統において、前記放風流路における前記放風弁よりも下流側に設けたエジェクタを備えることを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかの冷凍サイクル系統と、
この冷凍サイクル系統で冷却された被冷却媒体を冷媒として天然ガスを冷却し液化する主熱交換器と、
この主熱交換器で天然ガスを冷却した被冷却媒体を圧縮し前記冷凍サイクル系統に供給する混合冷媒冷凍サイクル系統と
を備えた天然ガス液化設備。 - 被冷却媒体を冷却した後の冷媒を圧縮する冷媒圧縮機、前記冷媒圧縮機に直結された一軸式のガスタービン、及び前記冷媒圧縮機で圧縮された冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮器を有する冷凍サイクル系統の改造方法において、
前記凝縮器の下流側と前記冷媒圧縮機の入口とを接続する戻り流路、前記戻り流路の流量を制御する絞り部、前記ガスタービンの回転数を検出する回転数検出器、この回転数検出器からの検出信号を基に前記ガスタービンの回転数を演算する演算部、及びこの演算部の演算結果を基に、前記ガスタービンが定格回転数に達するまでは昇速率が目標値に近付くように、前記ガスタービンが定格回転数に達した後は回転数が実質一定になるように、前記絞り部を制御する制御部を追設し、
前記ガスタービン及び前記冷媒圧縮機の少なくとも一方を前記戻り流路が追設された後の前記冷凍サイクルに相応したものに交換する
ことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル系統の改造方法。
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CN111712619A (zh) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-09-25 | 诺沃皮尼奥内技术股份有限公司 | 包含流体的热力学系统以及用于降低其中的压力的方法 |
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DE102007002779A1 (de) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-31 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes |
EP2217869A4 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2015-06-24 | Dresser Rand Co | COMPRESSOR SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A GAS LIQUID SYSTEM |
EP2304358A2 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-04-06 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and apparatus for controlling a compressor and method of cooling a hydrocarbon stream |
IT1401275B1 (it) | 2010-07-30 | 2013-07-18 | Nuova Pignone S R L | Metodo e dispositivo per controllare un riavvio a caldo di un compressore centrifugo |
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CN111712619A (zh) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-09-25 | 诺沃皮尼奥内技术股份有限公司 | 包含流体的热力学系统以及用于降低其中的压力的方法 |
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