JP4956427B2 - レンチウイルスベクターおよびその使用 - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、ウイルス粒子および/または哺乳動物細胞の表面上における候補ポリペプチドの発現を提供する組成物、およびその使用方法に関する。
抗体ライブラリは、目的の抗体の同定、および新規の抗体−抗原複合体のスクリーニングに有用である。例えば、Mehta I、およびMehta II単鎖抗体ライブラリは、270億もの非免疫性ヒト抗体を包含する。これまでこのようなライブラリは、ファージディスプレイを用いてスクリーニングされていた。抗体表示法をファージ提示から哺乳動物提示へ適応させるには、新規のベクター送達系が必要となる。
Reiserら、PNAS(1996)93:15266−15271 Naldiniら、Science(1996)272:263−267 G.P.Smith,Science(1985)228:1315 Daughertyら、Protein Eng 1999,12:613−621 Shustaら、Nat Biotechnol 2000,18:754−759 Choeら、Cell 2003,114;161−170 Huangら、PNAS 2004,101:2706−2711
本発明は、抗体またはそのフラグメントのような候補ポリペプチドの、哺乳動物細胞またはウイルス粒子の表面上での提示を提供する組成物および方法の発見に、一部基づいている。
本発明は、ウイルス粒子(即ちビリオン)、または真核細胞(例えば、哺乳動物細胞)の表面上で候補ポリペプチドを提示させるための方法および組成物を提供する。本発明の方法および組成物は、候補ポリペプチドを含有する融合タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含有するウイルス提示ベクターを使用する。パッケージング細胞が、融合タンパク質をコードする核酸を含有し、かつウイルス粒子の表面上に候補ポリペプチドを提示するウイルス粒子を1つ以上産生するように、このベクターはパッケージング細胞に導入される。候補ポリペプチドがその細胞の表面上に提示されるように、哺乳動物細胞が融合タンパク質を発現するよう(即ち、一過的または安定に)、哺乳動物提示細胞をこのウイルス粒子に接触させる。
本発明のウイルス提示ベクターは、構成的にかまたは誘導によって、融合タンパク質を発現することのできる核酸ベクターである。例えば、ウイルス提示ベクターとしては、レンチウイルスベクターである。レンチウイルスベクターには、例えば、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)(例えばHIV−1およびHIV−2)、サル免疫不全ウイルス(SIV)、ウマ伝染性貧血ウイルス(EIAV)、ビスナウイルス、ヤギ関節炎脳炎ウイルス(CAEV)、ウシ免疫不全ウイルス(BIV)、ウシ白血病ウイルス(BLV)、またはネコ免疫不全ウイルス(FIV)が挙げられる。
融合タンパク質は、リーダーペプチド、候補ポリペプチド、免疫グロブリン分子の少なくとも一部、および膜貫通部分を含有する。必要に応じて、融合タンパク質はエンベロープ組み込みシグナルを含有する。リーダーペプチド、候補ポリペプチド、免疫グロブリン分子の少なくとも一部、および膜貫通部分は、作動可能に連結されている。「作動可能に連結される」によって、対象とする核酸配列が、(例えば、ベクターが宿主細胞に導入されたときにその宿主細胞内で)その核酸配列の発現を可能にする様式で存在していることが意味される。リーダーペプチドをコードする核酸は、膜貫通部分の核酸に作動可能に連結された、候補ポリペプチドをコードする核酸に、作動可能に連結されていることが好ましい。
リーダーペプチドには、リボソームにて新たに合成されたタンパク質を、細胞膜あるいは細胞外へ輸送するために、ゴルジ体へ向かわせるペプチドが含まれる(Nielsenら、「Identification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic signal peptides and prediction of their cleavage sites」Protein Engineering,第10巻、第1号、p.1−6,1997を参照のこと)。リーダーポリペプチドは、シグナルペプチドあるいはシグナルポリペプチドとしても公知である。リーダーペプチドは、一般に、線状の疎水性アミノ酸を含む。リーダーペプチドとしては、免疫グロブリンリーダー配列、ポリヒスチジンまたはポリバリン配列、および、当業者に周知の他のものが挙げられる。例示的なリーダーペプチドを表1に示す。
候補ポリペプチドは、ウイルスキャプシドあるいは哺乳動物細胞表面上での発現が所望される任意のポリペプチドあるいはそのフラグメントである。候補ポリペプチドは、天然の細胞表面ポリペプチドである。あるいは、候補ポリペプチドは、天然の細胞表面ポリペプチドではない。候補ポリペプチドは、抗体あるいはそのフラグメント、毒素、ホルモン、成長因子、レセプター、あるいはシグナル分子である。
融合タンパク質はさらに、免疫グロブリンポリペプチドの少なくとも一領域を含有する。「少なくとも一領域」によって、免疫グロブリン分子の任意の一部が含まれることが意味され、これは例えば、軽鎖、重鎖、Fc領域、ヒンジ領域、CH1領域、CH2領域、CH3領域、Fab領域、Fv領域、あるいはこれらの任意のフラグメントもしくは組み合わせである。好ましくは、免疫グロブリンポリペプチドは、IgG分子(例えばIgG1)のヒンジ領域、CH2領域およびCH3領域を含有する。
膜貫通部分(または膜貫通ドメイン)は、細胞膜あるいは細胞小器官の膜のような、細胞の生体膜を横切って伸びることのできる複数のアミノ酸である。膜貫通部分は、ウイルスキャプシド表面および/または哺乳動物細胞の細胞膜の内部に入っていき、繋ぎ留められたままになることができるポリペプチドである。本発明の融合タンパク質に含まれる場合、膜貫通部分は、その融合タンパク質を、ウイルスキャプシド表面および/または哺乳動物細胞の細胞膜に局在させることができる。膜貫通部分は、レンチウイルス膜貫通部分のようなウイルスの膜貫通部分である。レンチウイルス膜貫通部分としては、例えば、HIV、SIV、CAEV、BLV、およびFIVあるいはこれらの機能的フラグメントに由来するエンベロープポリペプチドが挙げられる。
融合タンパク質をコードする核酸を含有するウイルス提示ベクターを、パッケージング細胞に導入する。本明細書中で使用する場合、細胞へのDNAの導入は形質導入と呼ばれ、あるときは形質移入または感染としても公知である。
本発明はまた、哺乳動物細胞の表面上にて候補ポリペプチドを提示させるための方法を提供する。これは、例えば、ポリペプチド、抗体、あるいは抗体フラグメントを含むライブラリをスクリーニングするのに有用である。ポリペプチド(例えば、抗体)の翻訳後修飾(例えば、N結合およびO結合グリコシル化、ならびに硫酸化)が、重要な構造的役割を果たしていることが、近年認識されている。したがって、本発明の用法によって産生されたポリペプチドは、こうした翻訳後修飾を含有し、一方、細菌内で産生されたポリペプチド(例えばファージディスプレイ法を使用したもの)は、こうした翻訳後修飾を欠くこととなる。
ウイルス提示ベクター(図1に概説される)を、以下のように構築する。MehtaI/IIライブラリ由来の、候補ペプチドをコードする1つ以上の挿入フラグメントを増幅することによって、融合タンパク質をコードする核酸を産生する。例示的なsFv挿入フラグメントとしては、ヒトサイクリンT1のTRMモチーフに免疫特異的に結合するsFvである「PS11」;HIV−1 tatタンパク質のアルギニンに富む領域に免疫特異的に結合するsFvである「E46」;CCR5のN末端に免疫特異的に結合するsFvである「A8」;およびCD25(IL−2Rのα鎖)に免疫特異的に結合するsFvである「抗Tac」が挙げられる。これらの挿入フラグメントを、免疫グロブリンリーダータンパク質をコードする核酸の下流、かつヒトIgGのヒンジ、CH2、およびCH3領域をコードする核酸の上流に連結させ、その結果、発現した核酸が翻訳されたときに、候補ポリペプチドはリーダーポリペプチドおよび免疫グロブリン分子と作動可能に連結される。核酸分子の発現は、CMVプロモーターによって制御される。免疫グロブリン分子をコードする核酸の下流は、gp41の膜貫通部分をコードする核酸である。高感度緑色蛍光タンパク質(eGFP)をコードする核酸分子を、CMVプロモーターによって制御されるIRESの下流に置く。
CaCl2またはPOLYFECTTM形質移入剤を使用して、MehtaI/IIライブラリ由来のsFv挿入フラグメントを含有するウイルス提示ベクターの集団を、ヘルパーベクターおよびエンベロープベクターと一緒に293T細胞へ同時形質移入する。あるいは、構成的にVSV−gを発現する239T細胞株を使用する。融合タンパク質ウイルス粒子を産生するために、80%〜100%のコンフルエンスにまで増殖した293T細胞を、10cmのプレート上にて、2倍HeBS溶液において約12μgのウイルス提示ベクター(1.0μg/μl)、約12μgのエンベロープベクター(1.0μg/μl)、約6μgのヘルパーベクターpCMVΔR8.2(0.5μg/μl)、62μlの2M CaCl2を含有する形質移入カクテルを用いて形質移入する。感染後約37時間および61時間において、ウイルス粒子が含まれる上清(マスターウイルスストック)を回収し、濾過して−80℃で保存する。あるいは、感染後48時間、72時間、96時間目に、マスターウイルスストックを回収する。必要であれば、SW28ローターにて17,000rpmで2時間遠心分離することによって、ウイルス粒子上清を濃縮する。沈殿物を、1/10量の培地に再懸濁する。ウイルス粒子は、蛍光補助細胞選別器(FACS)でeGFPを検出することによって分別する。多重感染度(moi)は、293T細胞を感染させ、続いてeGFP陽性細胞をフローサイトメトリー定量することによって決定する。ウイルス粒子への融合タンパク質の取り込みは、ウエスタン分析を用いて測定する。遠心分離によってウイルスストックを濃縮し、SDS−PAGEローディング緩衝液を加え、続いてPAGEによって分離し、メンブランに移して、抗gp41または抗ヒトIgGでブロッティングする。
マスターウイルスストックに、哺乳動物提示細胞の懸濁液を、約1のMOIで一晩接触させる。抗Fc抗体結合能またはeGFP含量に基づいて、この哺乳動物細胞をFACSで選別する。選別した細胞を、あらかじめ標識した標的抗原に接触させる。適切な標識としては、FITC、ストレプトアビジン/ビオチン、および常磁性ビーズが挙げられる(図11を参照のこと)。続いて、結合した抗原を有する選別された哺乳動物細胞を選択する。選択後、次回の選択のため、選択した細胞集団を培地中で増殖させる。あるいは、選択した細胞の集団から核酸を採取し、候補ポリペプチドをコードする核酸を増幅して、1回以上のさらなる選択のために提示ベクター内に挿入する。抗原に結合する目的の候補ポリペプチドの配列を得るために、選択した細胞を溶解し、抗原結合哺乳動物細胞内に含有される、候補ポリペプチドをコードする核酸配列をベクターにクローニングし、次いで配列決定する。
選択した抗原結合哺乳動物細胞を、非結合哺乳動物細胞から分離し、培地中で増殖させて、標的抗原特異的抗体を産生する哺乳動物細胞の数を増やす。標的抗原濃度を、50%、90%、95%、99%、99.9%、99.99%、あるいはそれ以上減らして、実施例4の抗体提示法を繰り返す。例えば、第1回目の選択では、約200ng/mlの抗原濃度を使用し、第2回目の選択ではこの濃度を約1ng/mlに減らす。
非常に高い特異性および非常に高い結合親和性(Kdが小さい)で標的抗原に結合する候補ポリペプチド(例えば、抗体)を同定することが望ましい。本発明は、親和性成熟による特異性の高い抗体の産生を提供する。
実施例1にて作製したウイルス提示ベクターを、tetR誘導性エレメントの挿入によって改変する。2つのtetO配列鎖状体を、CMV最小プロモーターに融合させる。tetR配列は、本発明の融合タンパク質をコードする核酸の下流に挿入する。こうして、融合タンパク質の産生は、テトラサイクリンを添加することによって調節される。
本発明は、哺乳動物提示細胞表面上で発現した抗体の密度を測定するための方法を提供する。抗体の細胞表面発現の定量によって、抗体提示の効率、および、例えばウイルス提示ベクター内のプロモーターおよび/またはエンハンサーの変更による、改善の判定が可能となる。
本発明は、gp41エンベロープ(env)組み込みシグナルを含有する融合ウイルス提示ベクターを提供する。図16は、いくつかの融合タンパク質構築物を示す。構築物1は、gp41 TM領域の1〜50番アミノ酸を含有する。構築物2は、CD8膜貫通ドメインを含有する。構築物3は、CD28膜貫通ドメインを含有する。構築物4は、作動可能にgp41 env組み込みシグナルに連結されたCD8膜貫通ドメインを含有する。構築物3は、gp41 env組み込みシグナルに作動可能に連結されたCD28膜貫通ドメインを含む。表9に列挙した構築物を、以下のように293T細胞に形質移入した。293T細胞を、6ウェルプレート上に播種した(1×106個/ウェル)。リポフェクタミンを使用して細胞に形質移入し、形質移入から48時間後に、5mM EDTAで細胞を収集し、GFPおよびFcの細胞表面発現について、α−ヒトIgG−APCを使用して分析した。結果を図17および18に示す。この結果は、CD8、CD28、およびgp41 TMドメインが、実質的に、形質移入された融合タンパク質の細胞表面発現をもたらすことを実証し;エンベロープ取り込みシグナルが存在するにせよ存在しないにせよ、CD8およびCD28は、gp41 TMよりも高レベルの細胞表面発現をもたらすことを実証している。
切断した(1〜50番アミノ酸)か、または完全長のgp41 TM、CD8 TM、もしくはCD28 TMのいずれかを含有するウイルス提示構築物(表10に列挙)を、pSINレンチウイルス提示ベクターに導入し、哺乳動物細胞の表面上の融合タンパク質の発現を確認した。このレンチウイルスベクターは、検出を助けるためにGFPの形態のZsGreenを含有し、これを上記のように293T細胞に形質移入した。結果を図19および図20に示す。この結果は、レンチウイルスベクターに含まれるウイルス提示構築物が効率よく293T細胞内で発現され、融合タンパク質の細胞表面発現をもたらすことを実証している。
Claims (10)
- 哺乳動物細胞の表面上で候補ポリペプチドを提示する方法であって、
a) パッケージング細胞と、融合タンパク質をコードする核酸配列を含むレンチウイルス提示ベクターとを、該パッケージング細胞が該核酸配列を含むウイルス粒子を1つ以上産生するような条件下で接触させる工程であって、該融合タンパク質は、
i)リーダーペプチド;
ii)候補ポリペプチド;
iii)IgG分子のヒンジ領域、CH2領域、またはCH3領域、あるいはこれらの組み合わせを含む免疫グロブリン分子の少なくとも一部;
iv)哺乳動物膜貫通部分、
v) エンベロープ組み込みシグナル
を含む、工程;ならびに
b)該ウイルス粒子と哺乳動物提示細胞とを接触させる工程
を包含し、該哺乳動物提示細胞が該融合タンパク質を発現し、該候補ポリペプチドが、該哺乳動物提示細胞の表面上で提示され、該パッケージング細胞がエンベロープベクターおよびヘルパーベクターをさらに含み、該エンベロープベクターは、プロモーターおよびポリアデニル化配列に作動可能に連結されたenv遺伝子を含み、ここで該env遺伝子は、機能性エンベロープ遺伝子をコードし、該ヘルパーベクターは、1つ以上のウイルス構造遺伝子を含む、方法。 - 前記免疫グロブリン分子が、前記哺乳動物細胞の表面上にさらに提示される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記候補ポリペプチドが、抗体またはそのフラグメントである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体が単鎖抗体、ドメイン抗体、二重特異性抗体、Fab、Fab’、またはF(ab’)2である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記候補ポリペプチドがライブラリに由来する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記レンチウイルスベクターが、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)、サル免疫不全ウイルス(SIV)、ウマ伝染性貧血ウイルス(EIAV)、ビスナウイルス、ヤギ関節炎脳炎ウイルス(CAEV)、ウシ免疫不全ウイルス(BIV)、ウシ白血病ウイルス(BLV)、およびネコ免疫不全ウイルス(FIV)から成る群から選択されるレンチウイルスから得られる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記候補ポリペプチドが、前記ウイルス粒子と前記哺乳動物細胞とを接触させる前に、該ウイルス粒子の表面上にて発現させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物細胞が、ラモス−バーキットリンパ腫細胞である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記エンベロープ組み込みシグナルが、gp41エンベロープ組み込みシグナルを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記レンチウイルス提示ベクターがpSINである、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US58961004P | 2004-07-21 | 2004-07-21 | |
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PCT/US2005/018330 WO2006022944A2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-05-23 | Lentiviral vectors and uses thereof |
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JP2007522497A Expired - Fee Related JP4956427B2 (ja) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-05-23 | レンチウイルスベクターおよびその使用 |
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US (3) | US8828727B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1784506B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4956427B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE478965T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2574282A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20180137192A (ko) | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-27 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 파울링 방지방법 및 올레핀의 올리고머화 방법 |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1858332A4 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2011-06-22 | Lentigen Corp | LENTIVIRUS VECTORS AND ITS USE |
KR20080073293A (ko) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-08-08 | 메디뮨 엘엘씨 | 항체 라이브러리의 세포 디스플레이 |
KR20100115346A (ko) | 2007-12-06 | 2010-10-27 | 다나-파버 캔서 인스티튜트 인크. | 인플루엔자 바이러스에 대한 항체 및 그의 이용 방법 |
EP2096121A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-02 | Institut Pasteur Of Shanghai | Antiviral peptides comprising lipid attachment signals and methods of use |
EP2112164A1 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-10-28 | Institut Pasteur Of Shanghai | Antiviral peptides comprising lipid attachment signals and methods of use |
EP2098536A1 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-09 | 4-Antibody AG | Isolation and identification of antigen- or ligand-specific binding proteins |
EP2620447B1 (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2015-09-09 | Universität Leipzig | Vector(s) containing an inducible gene encoding a CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor useful for treating neurodegenerative disorders |
FR2981946B1 (fr) | 2011-10-28 | 2015-02-20 | Lfb Biotechnologies | Unites de transcription et leur utilisation dans des vecteurs d'expression (yb2/0) |
WO2016176652A2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-03 | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center | Modified stem cells and uses thereof |
CN106754756B (zh) * | 2015-11-23 | 2020-01-14 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | 一种用于非人灵长类神经细胞快速标记的西门利克森林病毒复制子及应用 |
EP3235828A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-25 | Genethon | Stable pseudotyped lentiviral particles and uses thereof |
BR112018075281A2 (pt) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-02-11 | Wellstat Immuno Therapeutics, Llc | Vírus envelopado resistente à inativação pelo complemento para o tratamento de câncer |
Family Cites Families (14)
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US5665577A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1997-09-09 | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | Vectors containing HIV packaging sequences, packaging defective HIV vectors, and uses thereof |
US5723287A (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1998-03-03 | Medical Research Council | Recombinant viruses displaying a nonviral polypeptide on their external surface |
WO1994012626A1 (en) * | 1992-11-20 | 1994-06-09 | University Of Medicine & Dentistry Of New Jersey | Cell-type specific gene transfer using retroviral vectors containing antibody-envelope fusion proteins |
US6051427A (en) * | 1993-06-11 | 2000-04-18 | Cell Genesys, Inc. | Method for production of high titer virus and high efficiency retroviral mediated transduction of mammalian cells |
US5834256A (en) | 1993-06-11 | 1998-11-10 | Cell Genesys, Inc. | Method for production of high titer virus and high efficiency retroviral mediated transduction of mammalian cells |
US6506604B2 (en) * | 1993-06-11 | 2003-01-14 | Cell Genesys, Inc. | Method for production of high titer virus and high efficiency retroviral mediated transduction of mammalian cells |
IT1261847B (it) * | 1993-09-01 | 1996-06-03 | San Romanello Centro Fond | Metodo per marcare cellule eucariote. |
SI0755386T1 (en) | 1994-04-13 | 2002-10-31 | Romark Laboratories, L.C. | Benzamide derivative, compositions containing said derivative and use thereof |
US5656465A (en) * | 1994-05-04 | 1997-08-12 | Therion Biologics Corporation | Methods of in vivo gene delivery |
DE69634606D1 (de) | 1995-10-16 | 2005-05-19 | Dana Farber Cancer Inst Inc | Neue expressionsvektoren und verfahren zu deren verwendung |
US7276488B2 (en) | 1997-06-04 | 2007-10-02 | Oxford Biomedica (Uk) Limited | Vector system |
US7262049B2 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2007-08-28 | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. | Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors and uses thereof |
WO2001012215A2 (en) | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-22 | The Rockefeller University | Protective antigen of epstein barr virus |
US20050048578A1 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-03-03 | Epitomics, Inc. | Methods of screening for monoclonal antibodies with desirable activity |
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2005
- 2005-05-23 EP EP05783489A patent/EP1784506B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-05-23 US US11/135,235 patent/US8828727B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-23 CA CA002574282A patent/CA2574282A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-05-23 DE DE602005023181T patent/DE602005023181D1/de active Active
- 2005-05-23 AT AT05783489T patent/ATE478965T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2005-05-23 JP JP2007522497A patent/JP4956427B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20180137192A (ko) | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-27 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 파울링 방지방법 및 올레핀의 올리고머화 방법 |
Also Published As
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WO2006022944A2 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
US8828727B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
US20060019395A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
EP1784506B1 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
JP2008507272A (ja) | 2008-03-13 |
ATE478965T1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
US20150031756A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
EP1784506A2 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
US20180327782A1 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
DE602005023181D1 (de) | 2010-10-07 |
WO2006022944A3 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
CA2574282A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
EP1784506A4 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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