JP4944473B2 - Metal fireproof decorative panel, fireproof covering structure using the panel - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a metal fireproof decorative panel having excellent fire resistance, a fireproof covering structure and a fireproof tunnel of a structure using the same, and more particularly, it does not have a complicated structure and has high fire resistance even when installation accuracy is low. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a metal fireproof decorative panel that can be obtained, a fireproof covering structure using the metal fireproof decorative panel, and a fireproof tunnel.

A main material constituting a structure such as a road tunnel or a railway tunnel is concrete, cast iron, steel, or a combination of two or more thereof. Particularly in urban areas, shield tunnels constructed by a shield construction method in which segments are assembled and the tunnel is supported as a ring structure are often employed. When a fire occurs in the tunnel, the strength of the tunnel structure may be reduced by heat generated by the fire, and in some cases, the tunnel may not be used for a long time. For this reason, it has been proposed to install a large number of fireproof panels on the inner wall surface of the tunnel structure. In addition, a fireproof decorative panel in which a decorative layer is provided on the surface of the fireproof panel for the purpose of guiding the line of sight in the tunnel and adapting to the lighting conditions in the tunnel is also used for the same purpose. The conventional fireproof decorative panel uses a fireproof material such as calcium silicate as a substrate, so in order to have a predetermined fireproof performance when a fire occurs in a tunnel, the fireproof decorative panel from the concrete surface The total thickness up to the surface was required to be 100 mm or 50 mm or more.

In addition, when such a conventional fireproof decorative panel has a gap of 3 mm in the joint when the panels are brought into contact with each other at the time of construction, the flame penetrates from this gap and the fire resistance is lowered. It is required to install with high accuracy that the gap between panels is less than 3 mm. However, since the inner surface of the tunnel is generally not composed of only a flat surface and has many curved surfaces, it takes time to install the fireproof decorative panel with such accuracy, and the construction efficiency may be reduced.

Then, the method of block | closing or covering the clearance gap between fireproof decorative panels with a fireproof joint material is known (patent documents 1, 2). However, the method of covering the gaps between the fireproof decorative panels with joint materials is also troublesome, and the construction efficiency is low and the economic efficiency is poor. On the other hand, there is a method of forming a step on the side of the fireproof decorative panel so that the sides of the fireproof decorative panel overlap each other so that there is no gap, but the processing of the side of the fireproof decorative panel is cumbersome and expensive. become.
JP 2002-349196 A JP 2002-309897 A

The present invention solves the above-described problems in conventional fireproof decorative panels and fireproof coating structures, and has a metal-based fireproof makeup having a high-temperature expansion layer on the back side of a metal decorative plate that expands and expands when exposed to a fire temperature. By using a panel, there is provided a technology capable of constructing a fireproof covering structure and a fireproof tunnel having excellent fireproof performance even when a complicated structure is not required and installation accuracy is low. Moreover, the total thickness from the surface of the structure made of concrete or the like to the metal-based fireproof decorative panel can be made smaller than 33.5 mm, and a fireproof structure capable of taking a large tunnel internal effective volume is provided.

The present invention relates to a metal fireproof decorative panel, a fireproof covering structure, and a fireproof tunnel that have solved the above problems by the following configuration.
(1) A metal fireproof decorative panel comprising a metal decorative plate having a decorative layer on the surface of the metal plate, and a fireproof high-temperature expansion layer provided on the back surface of the substrate.
(2) The metal fireproof decorative panel as described in (1) above, wherein the coefficient of expansion of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer is 2 to 30 times when the heating temperature of the panel surface having the decorative layer is 1200 to 1400 ° C.
(3) The metal-based fireproof decorative panel according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the main component of the fireproof high-temperature expansion layer is a phosphoric acid compound.
(4) The metal fireproof decorative panel according to any one of (1) to (3) above, the fireproof high temperature expansion layer on the back of the panel facing the structure, and the expansion amount of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer A fireproof covering structure for a structure, which is installed on the surface of the structure with a gap corresponding to
(5) The ratio Y of the expansion amount MS to the gap L when the layer thickness M of the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer, the expansion ratio S of the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer, and the gap L between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the structure surface The fireproof covering structure for a structure according to the above (4), wherein a metal fireproof decorative panel is installed on the surface of the structure so that (Y = MS / L) satisfies the following formula (A):
1 ≦ Y ≦ 3 (B)
(6) The fireproof covering structure for a structure according to any one of (4) and (5) above, wherein the structure surface is a tunnel inner wall surface or a segment surface forming the tunnel inner wall surface.

The metal fireproof decorative panel according to the present invention is formed by using a metal decorative plate having a decorative layer on the surface of the metal plate as a substrate and providing a fireproof high-temperature expansion layer on the back surface of the substrate (the side having the decorative layer). The side having the refractory high-temperature expansion layer is referred to as the back side of the panel), and the refractory high-temperature expansion layer expands by foaming when the panel surface is exposed to the fire temperature. If a metal fireproof decorative panel is installed so as to face the structure side, the fireproof high-temperature expansion layer foams and expands in the event of a fire, which closes the gap between the structure and the metal fireproof decorative panel and improves heat insulation. The fireproof effect can be demonstrated.

In addition, if the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer is formed with a phosphoric acid compound as the main component, there will be no risk of dropping off at the fire temperature, and it will expand stably and effectively, so that a highly reliable fire-resistant effect can be obtained. Can do. Furthermore, since the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention has a metal decorative board as a substrate and a high temperature expansion layer having a fireproof property laminated on the back surface, the panel thickness of the panel is made thinner than that of a conventional fireproof decorative panel. However, it can have excellent fire resistance.

Further, since the metal decorative plate as a substrate has a structure in which a decorative layer is provided on the surface of the metal plate, a decorative layer suitable for the application can be provided. For example, when the structure is a tunnel, the line-of-sight is inductive. In addition, it is possible to easily obtain a decorative layer having performances such as adaptability to lighting in a tunnel, cleanability when soiled, and wear resistance that can withstand cleaning. For example, in order to impart line-of-sight inductivity, an enamel coating, a resin coating, and an inorganic coating may be provided on the decorative layer.

In the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention, preferably, when the panel surface is exposed to a fire temperature of 1200 ° C. to 1400 ° C., the back surface of the panel, or the fire resistant high temperature expansion layer on the panel back surface and the side surface of the panel is 2-30. Swells twice. Therefore, the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention is suitable as a fireproof structural material at high temperatures.

The metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention is suitable as a fireproof decorative panel for tunnels, for example. When a tunnel fires, the temperature in the tunnel may suddenly rise to around 1200 ° C to 1400 ° C in 20 to 30 minutes. Since the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention has a fireproof high temperature expansion layer that foams and expands at such a fire temperature on the back of the substrate, the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention is applied to a structure such as a tunnel. By attaching, the surface of the structure is covered with a fire-resistant expanded foam layer that expands and expands in the event of a fire, improving heat insulation, preventing the temperature rise on the surface of the structure, and deteriorating the concrete that forms structures such as tunnels Can be prevented. As a result, even if a fire breaks out, damage to the structure can be minimized and can be recovered early.

Furthermore, since the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention has a fireproof high temperature expansion layer on the back side of the panel, the fireproof high temperature expansion layer expands under a fire temperature and closes the gap between the joints of the panels. Can be increased. Furthermore, by providing a fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer on the side of the panel, even if there is a large gap between the joints during panel construction, the high-temperature expansion layer on the side of the panel will also expand and expand in the event of a fire. Since the gap between the joints can be closed more reliably, the construction accuracy of the metal fireproof decorative panel can be relaxed, and the construction becomes easy.

In addition, when constructing a metal fireproof decorative panel on the structure, the gap between the joints of the panels can be set wider than that of conventional fireproof panels, so even if the tunnel is slightly deformed due to an earthquake, etc. Stress generation between fireproof decorative panels is alleviated, and metal fireproof decorative panels are hard to be damaged. For this reason, it is possible to construct a fireproof covering structure having not only fire resistance but also high earthquake resistance.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described together with examples.
A metal fireproof decorative panel according to the present invention comprises a metal decorative plate having a decorative layer on the surface of the metal plate, and a fireproof high-temperature expansion layer provided on the back surface of the substrate. It is.

As a metal plate for a metal decorative plate to be a substrate of the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention, a steel plate or a stainless plate having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is preferably used. In addition, as a decorative layer provided on the surface of the metal plate, it is desirable to have cleanability when it becomes dirty, wear resistance to withstand cleaning, and excellent heat resistance, for example, enamel or inorganic paint Can do. The thickness of the decorative layer is not limited. Preferably, the thickness of the decorative layer is 0.01 to 5 mm from the viewpoint of cost.

The shape or size of the substrate is not limited. Moreover, a metal decorative board may be comprised by combining two or more types of metals, and the decorative layer may also be constituted by a plurality of materials. As the metal plate, a steel plate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance, and as the decorative layer, a hollow coating film is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance and durability.

On the back surface of the substrate, there is provided a fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer that foams and expands when the panel surface having the decorative layer is exposed to a fire temperature of 1200 to 1400 ° C. This refractory high-temperature expansion layer is preferably composed mainly of a phosphoric acid compound. The phosphoric acid compound expands and expands at a high temperature such as when exposed to a flame, the fireproof layer formed by the foaming is strong, is hardly damaged by the flame, and can maintain fire resistance for a long time.

As a phosphoric acid compound which forms a fireproof high temperature expansion layer, primary ammonium phosphate, secondary ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, polyphosphate amide, phosphate melamine, etc. can be used, for example. In addition to the phosphoric acid compound, the above fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer is composed of vehicles such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, melamine resin and vinyl acetate resin, raw materials for vehicles such as acrylic, melamine, urea and vinyl acetate, carbohydrates, polyhydric alcohols, One or more selected from pigments, dyes, antifoaming agents, thickeners, fibers and the like can be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.

The above fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer containing a phosphoric acid compound as a main component has a volume ratio after heating (hereinafter referred to as “foaming ratio”) of 2 to 30 times at a high temperature of 1200 to 1400 ° C. Are preferable, and those that are 5 to 20 times more preferable. If the expansion ratio is less than 2 times, it is necessary to increase the installation accuracy of the metal fireproof decorative panel. If the expansion ratio is more than 30 times, the ratio of the internal voids after foaming becomes excessive, which makes it easy to be damaged by the flame. It becomes difficult to keep fire resistance for a long time.

Install the metal fireproof decorative panel on the surface of the structure, keeping a gap corresponding to the expansion amount of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer so that the fireproof high temperature expansion layer faces the structure side. To form a fireproof coating structure. This fireproof coating structure is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 schematically shows a state before expansion due to fire temperature, and FIG. 2 schematically shows a state after expansion. In the figure, 1 is a metal decorative board, 2 is a refractory high-temperature expansion layer, 3 is a mounting bracket, 4 is a tunnel structure (segment), 5 is a segment inner surface (tunnel inner surface), 6 is a natural ground side surface of the segment, 7 is a gap between the sides of the metal fireproof decorative panel (opening of joint), 8 is the thickness M of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer, 9 is a gap L between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the surface of the structure, and 10 is a metal fireproof It is a makeup panel.

In the fireproof covering structure shown in the figure, the metal fireproof decorative panel 10 has a gap 9 between the surface of the structure 4 and the metal fireproof decorative panel 10 closed when the fireproof high temperature expansion layer 2 on the back side is expanded by a fire. To be installed. The gap 9 between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the surface of the structure is blocked by the expanded and heat resistant high temperature expansion layer 2 to increase the heat insulation, making it difficult for heat to be transferred to the surface of the structure and exhibiting excellent fire resistance. To do. In addition, since no flame enters the back side of the metal-based heat-resistant decorative panel 10, the foamed and expanded fire-resistant high-temperature expanded layer is hardly damaged by the flame, and the fire resistance can be maintained for a long time.

Specifically, the installation interval between the metal fireproof decorative panel 10 and the surface of the structure is, for example, the layer thickness M of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer, the expansion ratio S of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer, the metal fireproof decorative panel, In the case of the gap L with respect to the structure surface, it is preferable that the ratio Y (Y = MS / L) of the expansion amount MS to the gap L satisfies the following formula (A).
1 ≦ Y ≦ 3 (B)

In the above formula (A), when Y is smaller than 1, the gap between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the surface of the structure cannot be completely filled with the fire resistant high temperature expanded layer after foaming expansion, and the metal fireproof decorative panel Fire resistance deteriorates when the gap between the side surfaces (opening of joints) is 3 mm or more. On the other hand, if Y is greater than 3, the metal fireproof decorative panel may be pressed by the pressure generated when the fireproof high-temperature expansion layer is foamed and may be damaged or dropped off. When Y is 1.1 or more, even if it is installed on the surface of the structure with low installation accuracy such that the gap (opening of joints) between the sides of the metal-based fireproof decorative panel is 3 mm or more, The gap is preferably filled with the refractory high-temperature expansion layer after expansion by foaming, and the temperature of the surface of the structure is difficult to increase.

In addition, the installation gap between the structure surface and the metal fireproof decorative panel is appropriately about 5 to 200 mm in view of fire resistance performance by the metal fireproof decorative panel, ease of construction of the fireproof covering structure, and cost. More preferably, it is 50 mm.

A metal fireproof decorative panel in which the above-mentioned fireproof high-temperature expansion layer is provided on the panel side as well as the panel backside is preferable. When this metal fireproof decorative panel is exposed to a fire temperature, the expansion of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer closes the gap between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the structure and the gap between the sides of the metal fireproof decorative panel. And can exhibit high fire resistance. Specifically, the metal fireproof decorative panel provided with the above-mentioned fireproof high-temperature expansion layer on the side face of the metal decorative panel is relatively loose and the gap between the metal fireproof decorative panels is set to 3 mm or more. The fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer expands at high temperatures, and the gap between the sides of the metal-based fire-resistant decorative panel can be closed to less than 3 mm, so that the flame does not enter the back side of the metal-based fire-resistant decorative panel, and therefore excellent Demonstrate fire resistance.

When the metal fireproof decorative panel is installed on the structure, the gap between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the surface of the structure is required unless the foamable fireproof material layer on the back side of the panel faces the surface of the structure. If the gap between the sides of the metal fireproof decorative panel (opening of joints) is 3 mm or more, the fire resistance will be poor and the decorative function of the panel will be hindered. .

In the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention, the gap between the joints of the side surfaces of the metal fireproof decorative panel is less than 3 mm after the fireproof high temperature expansion layer is expanded so as to satisfy the above formula (A). In addition, by providing the inner wall surface of a structure such as a tunnel, a highly fire-resistant tunnel fireproof covering structure can be constructed.

As a means of installing a metal fireproof decorative panel on the tunnel inner wall surface, a metal fireproof decorative panel is affixed to the surface of the concrete, etc., forming the tunnel inner surface with cement, mortar, other fireproof adhesives or heat resistant adhesives. You may attach, or you may fix to surfaces, such as concrete, using a mounting bracket or a ceramic mounting tool. Or you may form a tunnel inner-wall surface using the said fireproof segment for tunnels which installed the metal type fireproof decorative panel of this invention in the segment surface. The means for attaching the metal fireproof decorative panel to the segment is not limited. A mounting bracket or a ceramic mounting tool may be used, or a fire-resistant adhesive or a heat-resistant adhesive may be used. There is no particular limitation on the timing of installation on the inner wall surface of the tunnel. After constructing a structure such as a tunnel, it may be installed on the inner wall surface, or a metal fireproof decorative panel may be mounted in advance on the inner peripheral surface side of the segment.

The tunnel provided with the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention on the inner wall surface has a heat insulating property because the fireproof high temperature expansion layer on the back surface of the metal fireproof decorative panel expands and covers the tunnel structure surface under a high temperature such as a fire. The flame is not penetrated into the back side of the metal fireproof decorative panel, and the fireproof high temperature expansion layer expands laterally to close the gap between the panels, so that an excellent fireproof coating structure can be constructed. it can.

Examples of the present invention are shown below together with comparative examples.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a thermocouple 22 is installed on the surface of the concrete substrate 20, and four metal fireproof decorative panels 21 (21a, 21b, 21c, 21d) are arranged side by side on the concrete substrate surface. A fireproof specimen was formed. The metal fireproof decorative panel 21 was made by embedding a metal post-installed anchor on the concrete substrate surface and fixed with bolts, and a 30 mm gap was provided between the metal fireproof decorative panel 21 and the concrete substrate surface. About this test body, it heated from the surface of the metal type fireproof decorative panel 21, and the temperature rise of the concrete board | substrate surface was measured. The results are shown in the graph of FIG.

The concrete substrate, metal fireproof decorative panel, and heating method used are shown below.
(1) Concrete substrate: Dimensions 1300mm x 1300mm x 200mm, compressive strength (actual measurement during fire resistance test) 46N / mm ²
(2) Metal fireproof decorative panel: A metal decorative board with a 360mm x 360mm size aluminum plated steel plate (thickness 0.8mm, 1.5mm) with a glass enamel and aluminum enameled decorative layer A fire-resistant paint was applied to the back surface to a thickness of 2 mm to form a high-temperature expansion layer. This metal-based fireproof decorative panel is set up with a total of 4 sheets of 3 sheets with a steel plate thickness of 1.5 mm and 1 sheet of steel plate with a thickness of 0.8 mm arranged on the concrete substrate surface at equal intervals. It was.
(3) Heating method: According to the RABT heating curve (1200 ° C. raised in 5 minutes, 1200 ° C. held for 55 minutes, then gradually cooled to room temperature in 110 minutes).

As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum temperature of the concrete substrate surface of the three metal fireproof decorative panels using a steel plate having a thickness of 1.5 mm was 230 ° C. to 310 ° C. Generally, the concrete surface temperature at the time of fire is required to be 350 ° C. or less, which is a guideline for preventing the explosion of concrete. Therefore, any of the three metal fireproof decorative panels of the present invention using a steel plate having a thickness of 1.5 mm Also satisfied this standard. In the metal fireproof decorative panel using a steel plate having a thickness of 0.8 mm, the maximum temperature of the concrete substrate surface is 660 ° C. Therefore, the thickness of the steel plate used in the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention is 1.5 mm. The above is appropriate.

According to the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a structure such as a tunnel or a building having excellent fire resistance, and even when a fire occurs in the structure, the structure is still extinguished. As a result, the strength is sufficiently maintained. Further, when applied to a road tunnel, the road tunnel has an excellent line-of-sight guidance effect, and thus becomes a road tunnel with high safety and comfort.

Schematic sectional view showing the installation state of the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention (before fire) Schematic sectional view showing the installation state of the metal fireproof decorative panel of the present invention (after fire) Cross-sectional structure of fire test specimen Plan layout of fireproof specimen Graph showing fire test results

Explanation of symbols

1-metal decorative board, 2-refractory high-temperature expansion layer, 3-mounting bracket, 4-tunnel structure (segment), 5-segment inner surface (tunnel inner surface), 6-segment ground surface, 7-metal Gap between side surfaces of the refractory decorative panel (opening of joints), 8-thickness M of the refractory high-temperature expansion layer, 9- gap L between the metallic refractory decorative panel and the structure surface, 10-metallic refractory decorative panel, 20-concrete substrate, 21, 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d-metal fireproof decorative panel, 22-thermocouple.

Claims (8)

A metal-based fireproof decorative panel comprising a metal decorative plate having a decorative layer on the surface of the metal plate, and a fireproof high-temperature expansion layer provided on the back surface of the substrate , the panel surface having the decorative layer A metal-based fire-resistant decorative panel in which the expansion rate of the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer is 2 to 30 times when the heated temperature is 1200 to 1400C. The metal fireproof decorative panel according to claim 1, wherein the main component of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer is a phosphoric acid compound. The metal-based fireproof decorative panel according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the surface of the structure has a refractory high-temperature expansion layer on the back of the panel facing the structure, and a gap corresponding to the expansion amount of the refractory high-temperature expansion layer is maintained. Fireproof covering structure for structures characterized by being installed in A metal fireproof decorative panel comprising a metal decorative plate having a decorative layer on the surface of the metal plate and a fireproof high temperature expansion layer provided on the back surface of the substrate. A fireproof covering structure for a structure, characterized in that the layer is placed on the surface of the structure with the gap facing the structure and maintaining a gap corresponding to the amount of expansion of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer. Layer thickness M, expansion ratio S of the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer, and gap L between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the structure surface, the ratio Y (Y = MS / L) of the expansion amount MS to the gap L is so as to satisfy the following formula (i), fire protection structure of structure-metal refractory decorative panel that is installed on the structure surface.
1 ≦ Y ≦ 3 (B)   5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein the metal-based fireproof decorative panel has a coefficient of expansion of the fireproof high temperature expansion layer of 2 to 30 times when the heating temperature of the panel surface having the decorative layer is 1200 to 1400 ° C. 6. Fireproof coating structure. A metal fireproof decorative panel comprising a metal decorative plate having a decorative layer on the surface of the metal plate and a fireproof high temperature expansion layer provided on the back surface of the substrate. A fireproof covering structure for a structure, characterized in that the layer is placed on the surface of the structure so that the layer faces the structure and a gap corresponding to the expansion amount of the fireproof high-temperature expansion layer is provided. fire protection structure tunnel wall or segment surfaces der Ru structure body forming a tunnel wall. When the layer thickness M of the refractory high-temperature expansion layer, the expansion ratio S of the refractory high-temperature expansion layer, and the gap L between the metal fireproof decorative panel and the structure surface, the ratio Y of the expansion amount MS to the gap L (Y = The fireproof covering structure for a structure according to claim 6, wherein a metal fireproof decorative panel is installed on the surface of the structure so that MS / L) satisfies the following formula (A).
1 ≦ Y ≦ 3 (B) The structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the metal-based fireproof decorative panel has an expansion coefficient of 2 to 30 times that of the fireproof high-temperature expansion layer when the heating temperature of the panel surface having the decorative layer is 1200 to 1400 ° C. Body fireproof covering structure.

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