JP2006207302A - Fire-resistant panel, fire-resistant segment for tunnel, using the same, and highly fire-resistant tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire-resistant panel which dispenses with a complicated structure, and exerts excellent fire resistance even if it is arranged with low installation accuracy, and to provide a fire-resistant segment for a tunnel, using the fire-resistant panel, and a highly fire-resistant tunnel. <P>SOLUTION: The fire-resistant panel has a fire-resistant high-temperature expanding layer containing a phosphate compound as a main ingredient on each side surface of a fire-resistant substrate. Preferably the high-temperature expanding layer has an expansion ratio of 2 to 30 times under high temperature conditions of 200 to 400°C. The fire-resistant segment for a tunnel is formed by setting the fire-resistant panel on a surface of the segment such that an interval between the side surfaces of the fire-resistant panels is reduced to less than 3 mm after high-temperature expanding. The highly fire-resistant tunnel has an internal surface thereof covered with the segments. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a fire resistant panel having excellent fire resistance, a fire resistant segment for a tunnel using the fire resistant panel, and a high fire resistant tunnel. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fire-resistant panel having excellent fire resistance even when installation accuracy is low without requiring a complicated structure, and a fire-resistant segment for a tunnel and a high fire-resistant tunnel using the fire-resistant panel.

The main material of tunnels such as road tunnels and railway tunnels is concrete, cast iron, steel, or a combination of two or more of these. Particularly in urban areas, shield tunnels constructed by a shield construction method in which segments are assembled and the tunnel is supported as a ring structure are often employed. When a fire occurs in the tunnel, the strength of the tunnel structure may be reduced by heat generated by the fire, and in some cases, the tunnel may not be used for a long time. For this reason, it has been proposed to install a large number of fireproof panels on the inner surface of the tunnel.

However, if the gap between the refractory panels is 3 mm or more, the flame will enter through this gap and the fire resistance will be greatly reduced. Is required. However, since the inner surface of the tunnel is generally not composed of only a flat surface and has many curved surfaces, it takes time to install the fireproof panel with such accuracy, and the construction efficiency is greatly reduced.

Then, the method of block | closing or covering the clearance gap between fireproof panels with a fireproof joint material is known (patent documents 1, 2). However, the method of covering the gaps between the refractory plates with joint materials is also troublesome, and the construction efficiency is low and the economic efficiency is poor. On the other hand, there is a method of forming a step on the side surface of the refractory panel so that the side surfaces of the refractory panel overlap each other so that there is no gap, but the processing of the side surface of the refractory panel is cumbersome and costly.

In addition, a heat-resistant building material is known in which a thermal expansion heat-resistant material composed of one or more of unfired vermiculite, borates, and silicates is provided on an end face of a panel or a tube (Patent Document 3). However, under heating at about 200 to 350 ° C., the unburned vermiculite has a small expansion and poor fire resistance. In addition, unburned vermiculite is attached by a binder such as water glass or vinyl acetate resin, but when the fatality such as loss of unburnt vermiculite is lost due to loss of binding property at high temperature. There is.
JP 2002-349196 A JP 2002-309897 A Japanese Patent Publication No.56-40225

The present invention solves the above-described problems in fireproof panels used in conventional tunnels and the like and construction methods thereof, and does not require a complicated structure, and has a fireproof panel having excellent fire resistance even when installation accuracy is low, and An object is to provide a tunnel refractory segment and a refractory tunnel using the same.

The present invention relates to a fireproof panel having the following configuration, a fireproof segment for a tunnel using the fireproof panel, and a high fireproof tunnel.
(1) A fire-resistant panel comprising a fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer mainly composed of a phosphoric acid compound on a side surface of a fire-resistant substrate.
(2) The fire-resistant panel according to (1), wherein the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer expands 2 to 30 times at a high temperature of 200 to 400 ° C.
(3) The fire-resistant panel according to (1) or (2), wherein the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer is formed of a fire-resistant paint and / or a fire-resistant sheet mainly composed of a phosphoric acid compound.
(4) For tunnels characterized in that the fireproof panels described in any of (1) to (3) above are installed on the segment surface so that the gap between the fireproof panel side surfaces is less than 3 mm after high-temperature expansion. Refractory segment.
(5) The tunnel fireproof segment of (4) above has a fireproof high temperature expansion layer in which the installation gap between the fireproof panel side surfaces is within 30 mm and the gap between the fireproof panel side surfaces after high temperature expansion is less than 3 mm. Fireproof segment for tunnels using fireproof panels.
(6) A highly fire-resistant tunnel characterized in that the fire-resistant panel described in any one of (1) to (3) above is provided on the inner surface of the tunnel.
(7) A highly fire-resistant tunnel in which the tunnel inner surface is formed by the tunnel fire-resistant segment of (4) or (5) above.

Since the fireproof panel of the present invention has a fireproof high-temperature expansion layer on the side surface of the fireproof substrate, the side surfaces of the fireproof panel expand at high temperatures to close the gap between the side surfaces of the fireproof panels to less than 3 mm. To increase. In addition, this high-temperature expansion layer is mainly composed of a phosphoric acid compound and is provided on the side of the refractory substrate, so there is no risk of dropping off at high temperatures and the expansion is stable and effective. High fire resistance can be obtained.

Furthermore, since the fireproof panel of the present invention has a high temperature expansion layer on the side surface of the fireproof substrate, even if the gap between the fireproof panels at the time of construction is large, the side surface portion of the substrate expands at a high temperature and the gap between the fireproof panels is increased. Since it can be closed to less than 3 mm, the construction accuracy of the fireproof panel can be relaxed and the construction is easy.

The fireproof panel of the present invention does not require a complicated structure, and exhibits high fireproof performance even when installed with low construction accuracy with a clearance of 3 mm or more between the fireproof panels, so it is suitable as a fireproof panel for tunnels It is. Specifically, the fireproof panel of the present invention may be used by being installed on the segment surface forming the inner surface of the tunnel. The fire-resistant segment and the high fire-resistant tunnel using the fire-resistant panel of the present invention are easy and inexpensive to construct and construct, and have high fire resistance even if a fire occurs in the tunnel. .

Furthermore, since the fireproof panels of the present invention have gaps between the panels, even if the tunnel is slightly deformed due to an earthquake or the like, stress is not easily applied between the fireproof panels, and the fireproof panels are not easily damaged. For this reason, it is possible to construct a highly fire-resistant tunnel with high earthquake resistance.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described together with examples.
The fireproof panel of the present invention is characterized by having a fireproof high-temperature expansion layer mainly composed of a phosphoric acid compound on the side surface of a fireproof substrate. A schematic cross-sectional view of this fireproof panel is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a refractory substrate, 2 is a high-temperature expansion layer, 3 is a mounting bracket, 4 is a tunnel structure (segment), 5 is an inner surface of the segment (inner surface of the tunnel), 6 is a surface on the ground side of the segment, 7 is The gap between the sides of the fireproof panel (opening of joints), 10 is a fireproof panel.

The high temperature expansion layer 2 of the refractory panel 10 contains a phosphoric acid compound as a main component. The phosphoric acid compound expands and expands at a high temperature such as when exposed to a flame, and the fireproof layer formed by the foaming is strong, hardly damaged by the flame, and can maintain the fire resistance for a long time. As the phosphoric acid compound, for example, primary ammonium phosphate, secondary ammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, polyphosphate amide, melamine phosphate and the like can be used. In addition to the phosphoric acid compound, the high-temperature expansion layer is composed of a vehicle such as an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin or a vinyl acetate resin, a raw material for a vehicle such as acrylic, melamine, urea or vinyl acetate, a carbohydrate, a polyhydric alcohol, a pigment, One type or two or more types selected from dyes, antifoaming agents, thickeners, fibers and the like can be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.

About the fireproof panel 10 of this invention, the aspect which the said high temperature expansion layer 2 of the panel side surface expanded under high temperature by a fire etc. is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, in the fireproof panel 10 of the present invention, the fireproof high temperature expansion layer 2 on the side surface of the panel expands at a high temperature, and the gap 7 on the side surface between the fireproof panels can be closed to less than 3 mm. It does not enter the back side of the refractory panel 10 and thus exhibits excellent fire resistance.

The high-temperature expansion layer 2 containing a phosphoric acid compound as a main component has a volume ratio after heating to a volume before heating (hereinafter referred to as “foaming ratio”) of 2 to 30 times at a high temperature of 200 to 400 ° C. What becomes is preferable, and what becomes 5 to 20 times is more preferable. If the expansion ratio is less than 2 times, it is necessary to increase the installation accuracy of the fireproof panel. If the expansion ratio is greater than 30 times, the ratio of the internal voids after foaming becomes excessive, so that it is easy to be damaged by the flame, and the fire resistance Is difficult to hold for a long time.

The fire resistant high temperature expansion layer 2 can be formed of a fire resistant paint and / or a fire resistant sheet. Specifically, for example, a fireproof paint containing a phosphoric acid compound is applied to the side surface of the fireproof panel so as to have a predetermined layer thickness, or a fireproof sheet having a predetermined thickness containing a phosphoric acid compound is applied to the side surface of the fireproof panel. In addition, the high temperature expansion layer 2 is formed.

What is necessary is just to determine the thickness of the said high temperature expansion layer 2 according to the foaming magnification, the installation precision of a fireproof panel, etc. The high-temperature expansion layer 2 does not necessarily have to be provided on the entire side surface of the refractory panel, and may be provided on a part of the side surface of the refractory panel depending on the degree of foam expansion.

The board | substrate 1 of the fireproof panel 10 of this invention should just have fire resistance, and a composition, a shape, a magnitude | size, etc. are not limited. For example, a calcium silicate board, a ceramic fireproof board, a non-combustible gypsum board, a fireproof fiber molded board, an amorphous fireproof material molded board, a board made of two or more of these, and the like can be used. Moreover, what laminated | stacked the metal plate and finishing material on these may be used. As the molded plate of the above-mentioned amorphous refractory material, for example, a plate in which reinforcing bars, metal nets, etc. are incorporated in an amorphous fire-resistant coating material such as “Fendrite” (trade name) manufactured by Taiheiyo Material Co., Ltd. can be used. .

By installing the fireproof panel 10 on the inner surface 5 of the segment so that the gap 7 between the fireproof panel side surfaces is less than 3 mm after high temperature expansion, a fireproof segment for tunnels having excellent fire resistance can be formed. Specifically, according to the expansion ratio of the high-temperature expansion layer 2, the installation gap between the refractory panel side faces may be determined so that the gap 7 between the refractory panel side faces after the high-temperature expansion is less than 3 mm. For example, when the expansion ratio of the high-temperature expansion layer 2 is 2 to 30 times, the fireproof panel 10 may be attached to the fireproof segment 10 at an installation interval of 30 mm or less.

By providing the refractory panel 10 of the present invention on the inner surface of the tunnel such that the gap 7 between the refractory panel side surfaces is less than 3 mm after high temperature expansion, a highly refractory tunnel can be constructed. As a means of installing a fireproof panel on the inner surface of the tunnel, the fireproof panel may be attached to the concrete surface forming the inner surface of the tunnel with cement, mortar, or other heat-resistant adhesive, or a mounting bracket or ceramic fixture You may fix to the concrete surface using. Or you may form a tunnel inner surface using the said fireproof segment 4 for tunnels which installed the fireproof panel of this invention in the segment surface. The means for attaching the fireproof panel 10 to the segment 4 is not limited. The mounting bracket 3 or a ceramic mounting tool may be used, or a heat resistant adhesive may be used. Moreover, the time to install on the inner surface of the tunnel is not particularly limited. After the tunnel construction, it may be installed on the inner surface of the tunnel, or a fireproof panel may be attached in advance to the inner surface side of the segment.

Tunnels provided with the fireproof panel of the present invention on the inner surface so that the gap between the fireproof panel side surfaces is less than 3 mm after high temperature expansion, the fireproof panel side surfaces expand under high temperatures such as a fire, and the gap between fireproof panels is increased. Since it is closed, the flame does not enter the back side of the refractory panel and therefore exhibits excellent fire resistance.

Examples of the present invention are shown below together with comparative examples.
〔Example〕
A composition having a phosphoric acid compound as a main component was applied to the side surface of the refractory substrate to produce a refractory panel having a refractory high-temperature expansion layer. A test body was prepared in which this fireproof panel was installed on the inner surface side of a concrete simulated segment joint. The fired test was performed on the prepared specimen based on the RABT heating curve assuming a fire in the tunnel as the heating curve (time to reach the maximum temperature; after 5 minutes of ignition, held at the maximum temperature of 1200 ° C for 60 minutes). The fire resistance was examined by exposure. The results are shown in Table 1 together with the manufacturing conditions and installation conditions of the fireproof panel. The high-temperature expansion layer used at this time was formed by applying a fire resistant paint containing ammonium polyphosphate, polyhydric alcohol and aniline and having an expansion ratio of 20 times at 400 ° C. In Table 1, A5 and A6 described as “fendrite + cement board” and “fendrite + gypsum board” are amorphous fireproof coatings (Pacific Materials Co., Ltd. Drite) and a board laminated with cement board or gypsum board were used.

[Comparative Example]
A fireproof panel was manufactured under the same conditions as in the examples except that unfired vermiculite, borate, and silicate were used as the material for the high-temperature expansion layer, and installed on the inner surface side of the concrete segment simulated joint. The fire resistance was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1. The high temperature expansion layer used at this time was formed by applying the following.
B1: Mixture of unfired vermiculite and epoxy resin.
B2: A mixture of sodium tetraborate and epoxy resin.
B3: A mixture of water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) and ordinary Portland cement (main component: calcium silicate).
B4: No high temperature expansion layer.

As shown in Table 1, a fire-resistant substrate having a high-temperature expansion layer formed on a side surface of a fire-resistant substrate formed by applying a fire-resistant paint containing ammonium polyphosphate, polyhydric alcohol and aniline and having an expansion ratio of 20 times at 400 ° C. In Examples A1 to A6 of the present invention using panels, the side portions of the refractory panel expanded at high flame temperatures, and the gaps between the refractory panel sides were closed. As a result, the surface temperature on the inner surface side of the simulated segment joint was less than 350 ° C., indicating excellent fire resistance. On the other hand, in the comparative examples using the conventional fireproof panels, the gaps between the panel side surfaces are not closed, so that a flame enters the surface on the inner surface side near the simulated segment joint and the surface temperature becomes 350 ° C. or higher. The fire resistance was insufficient.

Schematic sectional view showing the installation state of the fireproof panel of the present invention (before fire) Schematic sectional view showing the installation state of the fireproof panel of the present invention (after fire)

Explanation of symbols

1-fireproof substrate, 2-high temperature expansion layer, 3-mounting bracket, 4-tunnel structure (segment), 5-segment inner surface (tunnel inner surface), 6-segment ground surface, 7-fireproof panel side Mutual gap (open joint), 10-fireproof panel

Claims (7)

A fire-resistant panel comprising a fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer mainly composed of a phosphoric acid compound on a side surface of a fire-resistant substrate. The fire-resistant panel according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer expands 2 to 30 times at a high temperature of 200 to 400 ° C. The fire-resistant panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fire-resistant high-temperature expansion layer is formed of a fire-resistant paint and / or a fire-resistant sheet mainly composed of a phosphoric acid compound. A fireproof segment for tunnels, characterized in that the fireproof panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is installed on the surface of a segment so that a gap between side surfaces of the fireproof panel is less than 3 mm after high-temperature expansion. 5. The fireproof segment for a tunnel according to claim 4, wherein a fireproof panel having a fireproof high temperature expansion layer in which a space between the fireproof panel side surfaces is within 30 mm and a space between the fireproof panel side surfaces after high temperature expansion is less than 3 mm is used. There was a fireproof segment for tunnels. A high fire-resistant tunnel comprising the fire-resistant panel according to claim 1 provided on an inner surface of the tunnel. A high fire resistant tunnel in which the tunnel inner surface is formed by the fire resistant segment for a tunnel according to claim 4 or 5.

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