JP4954352B1 - Thermal insulation structure and external thermal insulation structure of building - Google Patents

Abstract

An object is to realize a heat insulating structure and an external heat insulating structure of a building that are excellent in workability, low cost, and can maintain high fire resistance and heat insulation for a long period of time.
The heat insulating member 11 provided with heat insulation that can be attached to the outer surface 21a of the building frame 21 with the one surface 11a facing the other side, and the other surface 11b side of the heat insulating member 11 with the one surface 12a facing the other side 11b. The refractory layer 12 has a refractory coating 13 formed on the other surface 12b side of the refractory layer 12 so as to face the one side 13a. The refractory coating 13 expands and carbonizes with fire heat to form a refractory heat insulation layer. It was set as the structure to form. In addition, the external heat insulating structure 20 of the building is configured to include the above heat insulating structure on the building frame outdoor side 21a of the building frame 21.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure for external heat insulation and an external heat insulating structure of a building.

  The improvement of thermal insulation performance in buildings (houses, apartment buildings, office buildings, etc.) realizes a comfortable living environment and work / work environment, and also reduces energy consumption of air conditioning and heating, leading to reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, etc. Efforts are being made to develop and improve insulation structures and building insulation structures.

  As a heat insulation method for such a building, there is a heat insulation method called an internal heat insulation method in which a heat insulating material is disposed between the inside of the building housing and the inner wall. However, in the internal insulation, the temperature difference between the room temperature and the building frame inevitably increases. For this reason, if the room is heated in winter, condensation may occur on the inside of the building enclosure and on the heat insulation inside the building, and mold may easily form.As a result, the heat insulating material deteriorates over time. Etc.).

  In order to solve this problem, in recent years, a heat insulation method called outer heat insulation has begun to spread. The external heat insulation is to provide a heat insulating structure so as to be in contact with the outside of the building frame room (or to attach the heat insulating structure to the outer surface, etc.), and to thermally shield the building frame from the outside air. In other words, external heat insulation can exert a heat insulation effect by increasing the temperature gradient between one surface of the heat insulation structure (for example, the surface facing the outside of the building housing room) and the other surface (for example, the surface in contact with the outside air). it can. As a result, the outer heat insulation reduces the difference between the building enclosure and the room temperature, prevents condensation in the building enclosure and the room, and prevents the generation of mold and the deterioration of the heat insulating material. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the durability of the building by reducing the deterioration of the building due to weather phenomena such as temperature difference, and to reduce the life cycle cost by reducing the heating and cooling load.

  As an example of such a heat insulating structure for external heat insulation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “heat insulating structure”), the surface thereof is difficult as in the heat insulating structure 1 whose cross-sectional schematic structure is shown in FIG. A fiber mesh is formed by interposing an adhesive 5 on the surface of a foamed body 4 (fireproof heat insulating member) in which foamed styrene beads 2 (having heat insulation properties) coated with a flammable composition 3 are integrated by fusion or the like. Some have formed a refractory layer 7 of mortar embedded with 6 (Patent Document 1). Such a heat insulation structure 1 can prevent condensation and deterioration of a heat insulating material accompanying condensation as well as a heat insulation effect, and can reduce deterioration of the building frame caused by weather phenomena such as temperature difference.

JP 2007-85027 A

  The heat insulation structure is formed of a foamable composition obtained by coating styrene beads or the like with a flame retardant composition, and the refractory layer of the mortar exhibits a certain effect. It is expected to exhibit fire resistance and protect buildings from fires. However, the fire resistance depends on the flame retardant coating applied to styrene beads, etc., and the mortar layer. When exposed to high temperature heat for a certain period of time or more, the fire resistance of the flame retardant coating layer and mortar layer described above. Will be lost, preventing the spread of fire. Furthermore, the possibility that the foamable composition such as styrene beads may be burned out cannot be denied.

  Moreover, even if the mortar layer embedded with fiber mesh exhibits short-term fire resistance, there is no denying the possibility that the mortar layer will crack due to vibration caused by earthquakes, etc. Thus, deterioration of foamed styrene beads or the like, that is, deterioration of heat insulation, and deterioration of fire resistance in the event of a fire may be caused. Although it is conceivable to increase the fire resistance by increasing the thickness of the mortar layer, when the thickness of the mortar layer is increased, the mortar layer generally further induces cracking and becomes easy to peel off. Thus, the above-mentioned heat insulation structure has the subject of the further improvement of fire resistance and earthquake resistance.

  Therefore, it has excellent fire resistance, excellent workability, low cost, excellent weather resistance and earthquake resistance, and can maintain high heat insulation over a long period of time, preferably a heat insulating structure that can contribute to improving the design of the exterior of the building It becomes a subject to realize the heat insulation structure of the body and the building.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the heat insulating structure according to the present invention has a heat insulating member disposed on the outside of the building housing room so as to face one surface thereof, and can block heat. Here, the heat insulating member may be, for example, a fire resistant heat insulating member formed of a foam composition having a flame retardant coating layer.

  Moreover, this heat insulation structure has the fireproof layer formed so that the one surface might face the other surface side of a heat insulation member, and can reduce the propagation of the fire heat to a heat insulation member. This refractory layer can be formed, for example, by a mortar layer in which a mesh (for example, a mesh formed of a heat-resistant composition such as glass fiber) is embedded.

  Further, the heat insulating structure has a fire-resistant coating film formed on the other surface side of the fire-resistant layer so that the one surface faces each other. When the fire-resistant coating film is exposed to fire heat, the volume is, for example, It has a feature that it can expand about 10 to 20 times and can cut off the heat. This fire-resistant coating film is formed, for example, by applying a fire-resistant paint mainly composed of ammonium polyphosphate. The fire-resistant coating film expands by heat and is carbonized to exhibit excellent fire resistance and heat insulation.

  In order to achieve the desired fireproof time, etc., the thickness of the fireproof coating is controlled when it is formed so that the thickness of the fireproof coating when it is expanded by heat is a predetermined thickness. It is required to do. For example, in the case of roller coating, the thickness of the fire-resistant coating film can be managed by the number of times of roller coating and the coating thickness gauge. If a fire-resistant coating film is formed with a fire-resistant paint mixed with aggregate, the thickness gauge is not used, and the thickness is the shape of the aggregate (for example, the diameter of a roughly spherical aggregate). It can be managed and the workability is improved.

  Thus, this heat insulation structure can implement | achieve fire resistance for a long time by making a fireproof coating film into appropriate thickness. The fire-resistant coating film can protect the fire-resistant layer from cracking due to an earthquake or the like and prevent the fire-resistant layer from peeling off. Thus, the fire-resistant coating film can protect the heat insulating member over a long period of time in combination with the fire-resistant layer, and since it is formed of a fire-resistant paint, the design of the appearance of the building can be enhanced by the painting technique.

  Furthermore, by forming a coating layer on the other side of the heat-resistant structure (the side in contact with the outside air of the heat-resistant structure), the fire-resistant coating can be protected from wind and rain. Features can be maintained for longer periods. Such a coating layer can be formed of, for example, an inorganic paint having weather resistance (preferably, for example, an organopolysiloxane-based resin emulsion paint is used but is not limited thereto).

  Further, by providing such a heat insulating structure on the outer wall of the building, an outer heat insulating structure of the building having excellent heat insulating properties can be realized.

  Thus, according to the heat insulating structure and the outer heat insulating structure of the building according to the present invention, excellent workability, low cost, excellent weather resistance, that is, maintaining high heat resistance and fire resistance over many years. Can do. In addition, it is possible to achieve excellent heat insulation and fire resistance while maintaining the appearance design of the building.

It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional schematic structure in one Example (Example 1) of the heat insulation structure concerning this invention (a), and is a figure which shows the cross-sectional schematic structure in the modification (b). It is sectional drawing explaining the heat insulation construction method (internal heat insulation) concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining the heat insulation construction method (outside heat insulation) concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional schematic structure in the other Example (Example 2) of the heat insulation structure concerning this invention. It is a general | schematic cross-section block diagram (perspective view) of the outer heat insulation structure in one Example (Example 3) of the outer heat insulation structure of the building concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional schematic structure of the outer heat insulation structure shown in FIG. 3 (a), and is a figure which shows the cross-sectional schematic structure after the same outer heat insulation structure is exposed to a fire heat (b). It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional schematic structure in an example of the conventional heat insulation structure.

  Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, the heat insulation structure concerning the present invention and the outside heat insulation structure of a building are explained.

  A heat insulating structure 10A according to an embodiment (Example 1) of the heat insulating structure according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1A shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of the heat insulating structure 10A. 10 A of heat insulation structures have the heat insulation member 11, The one surface 11a is attached relatively to the surface side of a building skeleton room outer side (not shown). On the other surface 11b side of the heat insulating member 11, a refractory layer 12 is formed so as to contact the one surface 12a.

The refractory layer 12 has a glass fiber mesh 12m therein. On the other surface 12b side of the refractory layer 12, a refractory coating 13 is formed so as to contact the one surface 13a. That insulating structure 10A, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the other surface 11b refractory layer 12 is formed on the other surface 12b on the refractory coating to the further film of the refractory layer 12 13 of the heat insulating member 11 Is formed. In the heat insulating structure 10A, one surface 11a of the heat insulating member 11 is attached to the outside of the building housing room, and the other surface 13b of the fireproof coating 13 is in contact with the outside air.

<Heat insulation member>
As an example of the heat insulating member 11, a refractory material is coated on each polystyrene bead particle obtained by foaming polystyrene pellets (a flame retardant coating layer is formed), and this is molded into a foam shape. Some have a thickness of ˜300 mm and exhibit excellent heat insulation and fire resistance. When such a heat insulating member is used, the fire resistance of the heat insulating member 11 is also improved. Of course, even in the heat insulating member 11 in which the flame retardant coating layer for each grain of polystyrene beads is not formed, the fire resistance of the heat insulating structure 10A is realized by a fire resistant coating and a fire resistant layer described later. In addition, the heat insulating member having such fire resistance is not limited to the one formed in the form of a foam by coating the above fire resistant material, but a material having fire resistance and heat insulation may be adopted as the heat insulating member 11. .

  In the case of a fireproof coated polystyrene phenol foam having a thickness of approximately 50 mm, for example, the density is 55 ± 5 (kg / cubic meter) (measurement method JIS A 9511) and the thermal conductivity is 0.038 (W / M · k) or less (measurement method JIS A 1412), the oxygen index is 30% (V / V) or more (measurement method JIS K 7201), and the combustibility is no combustion (measurement method JIS A). 9511).

<Fireproof layer>
The refractory layer 12 is formed of an acrylic resin mortar that satisfies the specifications of a polymer cement mortar having fire resistance, and a glass fiber mesh 12m having tensile strength and impact resistance is embedded in the refractory layer 12, for example, approximately It has a thickness of 3 ± 0.5 mm. The glass fiber mesh 12m is subjected to alkali resistance and has a weight after alkali resistance of approximately 145 g / square meter or more.

  Since the acrylic resin mortar has an affinity with the fireproof coated polystyrene phenol foam, it can be applied (trowel coating) directly on the other surface 11b of the heat insulating member 11 using a trowel and cured. After that, since it is elastic and thin and light, a mortar layer that does not easily crack can be formed, and a fire-resistant layer that is in close contact with the heat insulating member 11 and hardly falls off can be formed.

  Here, the fire-resistant layer 12 is not limited to the acrylic resin mortar described above as long as it has desired fire resistance, crack resistance, impact resistance, and affinity with the heat insulating member 11. The glass fiber mesh 12m is not limited to those described above as long as it has desired tensile strength, impact resistance, and the like.

<Fireproof coating>
The fire-resistant coating film 13 is, for example, coated with a fire-resistant paint mainly composed of ammonium polyphosphate. When exposed to fire heat, the fire-resistant coating film 13 expands and expands about 10 to 20 times in volume, and carbonizes to provide heat insulation and fire resistance. Can be used to cut off the heat for a long time. That is, the fire-resistant coating film 13 is characterized by being expanded by fire heat to form a fire-resistant heat insulating layer, and has a thickness of about 0.5 to 3 mm, for example.

  Thus, since the fire-resistant coating film 13 can protect the fire-resistant layer 12 and the heat insulating member 11 from fire heat, the fire resistance of the heat insulating structure 10A can be improved (for example, a non-flammable material exothermic test conforming to ISO 5660). Can meet the criteria.) Since the fire-resistant coating film 13 can be formed by applying a fire-resistant paint on the fire-resistant layer 12 by ironing, brushing, or roller coating, the heat insulating structure 10A is excellent in workability.

  Moreover, since the fireproof time of the heat insulating structure 10A depends on the thickness of the fireproof coating film 13 after expansion, the fireproof coating film 13 is applied by applying a fireproof paint several times while checking the thickness with a gauge, for example. It is necessary to properly manage the thickness of the. Here, when an aggregate such as silica is mixed in the fireproof paint, the thickness of the fireproof paint applied can be defined by the shape of the aggregate. For example, if a fire-resistant paint mixed with a spherical aggregate having a diameter of about 0.5 mm is applied, the fire-resistant coating film 13 can be formed with a thickness of about 0.5 mm, and it is necessary to change the size of the aggregate. A fire-resistant coating film 13 having a thickness can be formed. In addition, using a trowel or the like, the surface (other surface 13b) of the fire-resistant coating film 13 can be molded with a plastering pattern (texture) having a high design property, and the design of the appearance of the building can be enhanced.

  Thus, the heat insulating structure 10A is excellent in workability and has the fire-resistant coating film 13 capable of appropriately managing the thickness thereof, and can realize a heat insulating structure that satisfies the conditions of the noncombustible material. Of course, the fire-resistant coating film 13 may be the same as that having the above-mentioned ammonium polyphosphate as a main component, or may have any desired fire resistance, and the aggregate is also pulverized calcium carbonate other than silica or stone such as marble. You may have done.

  The heat insulating structure 10A can be used as a heat insulating structure for realizing heat insulation of a structure (structure) that is required to have fire resistance and heat insulation as well as being able to be attached to a building frame to realize external heat insulation. It is.

<Modification>
Next, a heat insulating structure 10A ′, which is a modification of the heat insulating structure 10A, will be described. The heat insulating structure 10A ′ shown in FIG. 1 (b) is an adhesive layer in which one surface 12a of the refractory layer 12 is opposed to the other surface 11b side of the heat insulating member 11 of the heat insulating structure 10A and both are formed of an adhesive. 15 is bonded. In such a heat insulating structure 10A ′, the heat insulating member 11 and the refractory layer 12 can be integrated more firmly.

  In the above and following description, the meanings of terms are given as described in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

  Next, a heat insulating structure 10B according to another embodiment (Example 2) of the heat insulating structure according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of the heat insulating structure 10B. In addition, about the component which has the same function as 10 A of heat insulation structures of Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and those description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The heat insulating structure 10B is obtained by further providing a coating layer 14 on the other surface 13b of the fireproof coating 13 of the heat insulating structure 10A. The coating layer 14 is formed, for example, by applying a weather-resistant paint, and can protect the fire-resistant coating film 13 from wind and rain. Therefore, the heat insulating structure 10B can maintain the excellent fire resistance of the fire-resistant coating film 13 for a longer period of time.

  Here, examples of the paint having weather resistance include an organopolysiloxane resin emulsion paint and the like, and the coating layer 14 is formed by applying about 150 g of this organopolysiloxane resin emulsion paint per square meter. . Of course, the weather-resistant coating material is not limited to the aforementioned organopolysiloxane resin emulsion coating material as long as it exhibits desired weather resistance. Further, the coating amount is not limited to this value.

  By the way, the coating layer 14 is provided on the other surface 13b side of the fire-resistant coating 13, and not only has a structure in which the one surface 14a of the coating layer 14 and the other surface 13b of the fire-resistant coating 13 are in direct contact with each other. Another coating film or an adhesive layer may be interposed between the other surface 13 b of the fireproof coating 13.

  Next, the external heat insulation structure of the building concerning this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. 3 and FIG. Note that components having the same functions as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration diagram in which a part of the outer heat insulating structure 20 of the building according to the present invention is perspectively viewed. The outer heat insulating structure 20 of the building includes at least a building housing 21 and a heat insulating structure 10A or a heat insulating structure 10B. (The outer heat insulating structure 20 shown in FIG. 3 has a heat insulating structure 10B). The heat insulating structure 10 </ b> B is attached to the building frame 21 such that one surface 11 a of the heat insulating member 11 faces the building frame outdoor side 21 a of the building frame 21.

  The heat insulating structure 10B is attached to the outer side 21a of the building frame 21 on the outer side 21a of the building frame 21 on the adhesive layer 22 formed by troweling, for example, acrylic resin mortar on the outer side 21a of the building frame. (The adhesive layer 22 is usually formed as a bead (notching) adhesive or a so-called dumpling adhesive layer). Alternatively, an anchor (not shown) is used, or it is driven together at the time of concrete placement (not shown. An embodiment in which concrete is cast by fixing the heat insulation structure 10B to the mold, and the heat insulation structure 10B itself is used as the mold. In other words, the heat insulating structure 10B is fixed to the building frame 21. That is, as shown to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 (a), in the outer heat insulation structure 20, the heat insulation member 11, the fireproof layer 12, and a fireproof coating film of the heat insulation structure 10B in order from the building housing room outer side 21a side of the building housing 21. 13 and a coating layer 14 are disposed.

  When the outer heat insulating structure 20 is exposed to fire heat due to a fire or the like, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the fire-resistant coating film 13 expands and expands and carbonizes, and the heat-insulating member 11 and fire-resistant due to its fire resistance and heat insulation properties. The deformation / disappearance of the layer 12 can be prevented over a long period of time (note that the coating layer 14 can disappear by fire, but the fire-resistant coating film 13 and the fire-resistant layer 12 exhibit fire resistance and the like. Disappearance does not cause any problems.)

As described above, the outer heat insulating structure 20 can realize the outer heat insulation of the building by the excellent heat insulating effect of the heat insulating member 11, and even if a fire occurs, the fire resistant coating film 13 has excellent fire resistance and heat insulating properties. Can protect the building from fire. Of course, the outer heat insulating structure 20 can reduce the thermal stress of the fire that the building and its housing 21 receive.

  In addition, the heat insulation structure concerning this invention and the external heat insulation structure of a building are not limited to the structure of each Example, etc., It can change suitably and implement without changing those meanings. For example, a composition having affinity for both is interposed between the fireproof layer and the fireproof coating film.

  Since the heat insulating structure and the outer heat insulating structure of a building according to the present invention can be used in a building or the like, the present invention is an invention that has economic value and can be used industrially.

10A, 10B Heat insulation structure 11 Heat insulation member 11a One surface 11b of heat insulation member Other surface 12 of heat insulation member Fireproof layer 12a One surface of fireproof layer 12b Other surface of fireproof layer 12m Glass fiber mesh 13 Fireproof coating 13a One surface of fireproof coating 13b The other side 14 of the fire-resistant coating film 14 The covering layer 14a One side of the covering layer 20 The heat insulating structure 21 The building frame 21a The outside of the building frame room

Claims (8)

A heat insulating member disposed on the outside of the building housing room so as to face one surface thereof;
A refractory layer formed on the other surface side of the heat insulating member so as to face the one surface;
On the other side of the refractory layer, a heat insulating structure having a refractory coating film which is formed so as to face one surface and has design properties ,
The fire-resistant coating film is expanded by fire to form a fire-resistant heat insulating layer.   The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, further comprising a coating layer formed on the other surface side of the fireproof coating film.   The heat insulating structure according to claim 2, wherein the coating layer is formed of an inorganic paint having weather resistance.   The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat insulating member is a material having fire resistance or a foamed composition provided with a flame retardant coating layer.   The heat insulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fireproof layer is a mortar layer in which a mesh is embedded.   The heat insulating structure according to claim 5, wherein the mesh has alkali resistance, and the mortar layer is an acrylic resin mortar.   7. The fire-resistant coating film according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant coating film is formed by applying a fire-resistant paint mainly composed of ammonium polyphosphate, sprayed by mixing aggregate, or formed by plastering. The heat insulation structure of any one of Claims. A external insulation structure of the building, the outer heat insulating structure of the building, characterized in that the heat insulating structure according to any one of 請 Motomeko 1 to 7, provided in the building structures exterior side.

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