JP4901908B2 - 細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング用の二光子染料、その製造方法及びそれを利用した細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング方法 - Google Patents
細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング用の二光子染料、その製造方法及びそれを利用した細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4901908B2 JP4901908B2 JP2009115747A JP2009115747A JP4901908B2 JP 4901908 B2 JP4901908 B2 JP 4901908B2 JP 2009115747 A JP2009115747 A JP 2009115747A JP 2009115747 A JP2009115747 A JP 2009115747A JP 4901908 B2 JP4901908 B2 JP 4901908B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/001—Preparation for luminescence or biological staining
- A61K49/0013—Luminescence
- A61K49/0017—Fluorescence in vivo
- A61K49/0019—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules
- A61K49/0021—Fluorescence in vivo characterised by the fluorescent group, e.g. oligomeric, polymeric or dendritic molecules the fluorescent group being a small organic molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/36—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/38—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms having only hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals attached to the substituent nitrogen atom
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
- G01N33/532—Production of labelled immunochemicals
- G01N33/533—Production of labelled immunochemicals with fluorescent label
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Description
(a)下記化学式2の化合物を有機溶媒に混入した後、撹拌して第1混合物を収得する段階と、
N−(4−(2−(ビス((ピリジン−2−イル)メチル)アミノ)エチルアミノ)−3−メトキシフェニル)−2−(N−(2−アセチルナフタレン−6−イル)−N−メチルアミノ)アセトアミドの合成
N−(2−メトキシ−4−ニトロフェニル)エチレンジアミンの合成
2−クロロ−5−ニトロアニソール(3.0g、16.0mmol)及びエチレンジアミン(7.7g、8.6mL、0.13mol)を水(180mL)に混入させた後、110℃の温度で72時間撹拌した。撹拌後、得られた混合物をエチルアセテートを利用、抽出した後、MgSO4を利用、乾燥させ、真空条件で濾過、濃縮させた。以後、クロロホルム/メタノール(5:1)を溶離液とするフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて前記濃縮後、得られた未精製生成物を精製し、エタノールから再結晶化を通じてさらに精製した。これにより、下記化学式4の化合物を得た。
N−(2−メトキシ−4−ニトロフェニル)−N’,N’−[ビス(2−ピリジルメチル)]エチレンジアミンの合成
前記実験例1−1の化合物、2−(クロロメチル)ピリジン塩酸塩(2.9g、17.5mmol)、KI(0.52g、3.0mmol)及びN,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(20g、27mL、0.16mol)をアセトニトリル(50mL)に混入させた後、窒素条件下で16時間還流させた。還流後、得られた混合物をエチルアセテートを利用、抽出し、MgSO4を利用、乾燥させた後、真空条件で濾過、濃縮させた。以後、クロロホルム/メタノール(4:1ないし1:1)を溶離液とするフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて前記濃縮後、得られた未精製生成物を精製して、下記化学式5の化合物を精製した。
N−(4−アミノ−2−メトキシフェニル)−N’,N’−[ビス(2−ピリジルメチル)]エチレンジアミンの合成
実施例1−2の混合物(1.2g、3.00mmol)及びSnCl2・H2O(7.4g、33mmol)の混合物をアセトニトリル(50mL)及び無水エタノール(40mL)で12時間還流させた後、100mLの飽和炭酸ナトリウム100mLで中和させ、ジクロロメタンで抽出した。以後、クロロホルム/メタノール(20:3)を溶離液とするフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて前記得られた未精製生成物を精製して、下記化学式6の化合物を得た。
遊離亜鉛イオンモニタリング用の二光子染料(AZn2)の合成
6−アシル−2−[N−メチル−N−(カルボキシメチル)アミノ]ナフタレン(0.07g、0.27mmol)、1−ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(0.037g、0.27mmol)、1,3−ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド(0.057g、0.28mmol)をジクロロメタンに混入させた後、30分間撹拌した。以後、前記実施例1−4で得られた化学式6の化合物を添加した後、窒素条件下で12時間撹拌し、得られた生成物をジクロロメタンで抽出し、MgSO4を利用、乾燥させた後、溶媒は真空条件で除去した。以後、クロロホルム/メタノール(20:1)を溶離液とするフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて前記得られた未精製生成物を精製して、下記化学式7の遊離亜鉛イオンモニタリング用の二光子染料を合成した。
遊離亜鉛イオンモニタリング用の二光子染料(AZn1)の合成
実施例1−3の化学式6の化合物の代わりに、下記化学式8の化合物を使ったものを除いては、実施例1−4と同じ方法で化学式9の二光子染料を合成した。
水溶解度の測定
本発明による実施例1及び実施例2の二光子染料(AZn2及びAZn1)少量をDMSOに溶解させてストック溶液(1.0x10−3M)を準備した。以後、前記溶液を(6.0x10−3ないし6.0x10−5)Mで希釈させてマイクロ注射器を利用、3.0mLの水を含有するキュベットに添加した。あらゆる場合、水でDMSO濃度は0.2%を保持した。
吸光スペクトルの測定
本発明による二光子染料の吸光スペクトルをHewlett−Packard8453ダイオード整列スペクトロメーター上で測定し、蛍光スペクトルを1cm標準石英セルを備えたAmico−Bowman series2発光スペクトロメーターを使って測定した。蛍光量子収率は、参考文献の従来文献に開示したことによってクマリン(Coumarin)307を使って測定した。
Zn2+濃度変化による吸光度の変化測定
本発明によるZm2+濃度変化による二光子染料(AZn2、AZn1)の一光子または二光子吸光または発光スペクトルを測定し、これを図3Aないし図3Fに示した。
常用探針との二光子スペクトルの特性比較
一光子蛍光及び二光子蛍光方法のうち、実施例1の二光子染料(AZn2)が有する蛍光増加因子(Fluorescence enhancement factor)[FEF=(F−Fmin)/Fmin]は、実施例2の二光子染料(AZn1)が有する蛍光強化因子より2.5倍以上大きいが、これは、過剰のZn2+がない場合、実施例1の二光子染料が実施例2の二光子染料よりさらに低い蛍光量子収率(Φ)を有するのに比べて、過剰のZn2+が存在する場合、実施例1の二光子染料(AZn2)が実施例2の二光子染料(AZn1)よりさらに大きな量子収率(Φ)を有するためである。
コンピュータ分析
N,N−ジ−2−ピコリルエチレンジアミン(DPEN、R1)、2−メトキシ−DPEN(R2)及びAZn1とAZn2とのZn錯化合物(AZn1−Zn2+、AZn2−Z2+)の幾何学的構成をガウス03プログラムで実行される密度機能理論(DFT)でB3LYP/6−31Gレベルを利用、最適化した。計算されたHOMO及びLUMOエネルギーを下記表3に表わした。
解離定数(Kd OP及びKd TP)の決定
多様な量のZnSO4及び10mMのEGTA(エチレングリコール−ビス(2−アミノエチルエーテル)−N,N,N’,N’−四酢酸)を含有するMOPS(4−モルホリンプロパンスルホン酸)緩衝溶液(30mM、pH7.2、0.1M KCl)を準備した。
金属陽イオンに対する選択性の測定
図7A及び図7Bは、それぞれ30mMのMOPS緩衝溶液(100mM KCl、10mM EGTA、pH7.2)とNa+、Ca2+、Mg2+;10μMのMn2+、Fe2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+、Cd2+及び1μMのZn2+を添加した場合、1μMのAZn1及びAZn2の相対的蛍光強度を表わすグラフである。グラフのうち、内部が満たされた棒はZn2+が添加された場合であり、内部が満たされていない棒はZn2+が添加されていない場合である。
二光子断面積及び動作スペクトルの測定
二光子断面積(δ)をフェムト秒(fs)蛍光測定技術を使って測定した。
本発明による二光子染料を利用した細胞観察
10%FBS(WelGene)、ペニシリン(100ユニット/ml)及びストレプトマイシン(100μg/ml)を添加したDMEM(WelGene)で293細胞を培養した。
図10B及び図11Bを参照すれば、本発明による二光子染料(AZn1、AZn2)に標識化された293細胞は、360ないし460nmでTPEF(二光子放出蛍光)を放出しないということが分かる。しかし、図10C及び図11Cを参照すれば、500ないし620nmでは相当なTPEFが放出されることが分かる。
二光子励起蛍光(TPEF)の分析
本発明の二光子染料が有する有用性を表わすために、Zn2+の放出を誘導できるように内分泌性NO供与体である10mMのS−ニトロソシステイン(SNOC)を添加したAZn2−標識化293細胞のTPEFをモニタリングした後、これを図14に表わした。
マウス海馬状突起の微細薄片のモニタリング
組職内細胞の映像化において、本発明の二光子染料が有する有用性を証明するために、マウス海馬状突起の微細薄片をモニタリングしたが、本実験例では、10μMのAZn2で30分間37℃でインキュベーションされたマウス海馬状突起の微細薄片に対する二光子顕微鏡映像を得た。生後14日のラットの薄片は、あまりにも大きくて一つの映像のみを表わしにくいので、〜120μmの厚さに同一平面で得られた複数のTPM映像を得て、これを結合した。
Claims (8)
- 前記(b)段階後、前記(b)段階の結果物から前記式1の化合物を分離する段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング用の二光子染料の製造方法。
- 前記(a)段階の前記有機溶媒は、
1,3−ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール及び1,3−ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミドを含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング用の二光子染料の製造方法。 - 前記分離は、
抽出工程によって遂行されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング用の二光子染料の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の二光子染料を観察対象となる細胞質内に注入した後、放出される二光子励起蛍光映像を観察する段階を含むことを特徴とする細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング方法。
- 前記二光子励起蛍光映像は、
前記観察対象の表面から80ないし150μmの深さ以内に存在する細胞質から放出されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング方法。 - 前記二光子蛍光映像の観察段階は、
1000秒以上進行することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の細胞質内遊離亜鉛イオンのリアルタイムモニタリング方法。
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